POULTRY INDUSTRY IN BANGLADESH : CURRENT STATUS AND ITS FUTURE

Md. A Saleque Programme Co-ordinator, BRAC and Secretary, WPSA BB

Background of Poultry
Poultry plays a vital role in Bangladesh & involves 85% of rural people. Improved variety of birds firstly imported in 1935. Six poultry farms were set up in 1947 at different locations of the country, eggs and hens in 1964. Biman poultry complex started its operation, after liberation, BRAC developed Rural Poultry Model in 1983. In early nineties, private parent stock farm started.

Importance of poultry production in Bangladesh

Adds more values than any other industries. Govt. declared poultry as a thrust sector & classified as agro based industry. Govt. liberalized its policies by introducing easier loan procedure, lower interest rate, tax holiday etc. Egg production has been increased during last 10 years; Poultry meat production has been doubled. It contributes- poverty reduction, new employment generation, nutritional status. Shifted from serial to non-crop, 5 million people.

Present poultry production

four categories(i)Traditional rural backyard scavenging (ii) Semi-scavenging, (iii) Commercial farming system (iv) Contract/integrated farming system. Duck Production

Present status of poultry enterprise

A good number of farms has been established in 1990 with bank support. 130 hatcheries of which 109 are in operation. Only 18 breeding farms are fully environment controlled. 85% (84 no.)Hatchery produce only broiler.

Growth of commercial poultry in Bangladesh

Year Particular s 91 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

In thousand
Layer
Parent Stock Day old chick per year Day old chick per week 22.5 2025 38.9 145 13050 250 236 21240 408 370 33300 640 138 12420 239 344 30960 595 212 19080 367

Broiler
Parent Stock Day old chick per year Day old chick per week 30 3540 68 750 90000 1730 1062 100359 1929 1381 116000 2230 1952 163968 3153 2299 164148 3156 2292 192528 3702

Growth trend of parent stock (both layer & broiler)

Imported Parent stick & Local Parent Stock

3000000 2000000 1000000 0 2003 2004 Year 2005

Tota l

Local Imported

Present demand for poultry feed (MT)

Particulars
1995 2000 0.62 0.341 0.044 1.055 0.276

Year
2005 1.1 0.8 0.057 1.8 0.935

Layer feed (MT) Broiler feed (,,)

Cockerel feed (,,) Total feed required (MT) Industrial feed (MT) of total Feed Industrial feed usage Layer Broiler Cockerel

0.40 0.097 0.031 0.528 0.018

3% 7% 2%

20% 42% 20%

18% 90% 30%

Poultry disease prevention and control situation

Disease diagnosis laboratory. 8 FDIL + 1 CDIL in govt. 12 private lab. Prevention of bird flu- govt., private sector & NGO.

Present management system & credit facilities

Most of the farmers are technically unsound. Small farmers are not aware about quality of chicks,quality of feed, disease prevention and control techniques,bio-security of farms, etc. Credit facilities are available form bank as well as from some reputed NGOs. Most of the farmer market their products near their houses.

Marketing

Complex marketing channel exist. 95% live broiler sold. 2 processing plants- BRAC & Aftab

Requirement & availability of meat & eggs

Products Requirement Availability Deficit % Deficit

Meat (all 43.8 kg type) (120gmday) Eggs 104 (2wk)

4.57 kg 39.23 kg 89.56 (12.51gm/da (107.49 y) gm/day) 25 (0.486/wk) 79 75.96 (1.51/wk )

Average consumption is much lower then other countries

Prospects of Poultry

Livestock sector global perspective Consumption of meat in developing countries grew by 70 MMT- 26 MMT in developed countries. 50% of minimization of deficit need to invest 6000 mil. Tk.- employment for 40 mil. GP farm establish.

Comparative price of chicken meat & beef (Tk./kg)

Last 7 year price (Tk/Kg) trend of dressed Chicken meat and Beef
150 Taka 100 50 0 Beef Chicken

99

00

01

02

03

04

19

20

20

20

20

20

Year

20

05

Challenges & critical issues

Policy and regulatory issues- no policy Production- Low productivity, no database on production. Infrastructure- Insufficient training facilities, inadequate diagnosis facilities. Marketing- many intermediaries.

Conclusion
Poultry farming is important becauserelatively cost effective, reduce poverty through employment generation and improve nutritional status. Broiler meat & eggs are preferable to health conscious people. Wide gap exists. Technical knowledge of farmers should be enriched. Bio-security and disease prevention concern.