MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

MECH 3
Jency B. Lim Department of Civil Engineering
Simple Stresses Normal/Axial Stress Shearing Stress Bearing Stress

Fundamental Areas of Engg Mechanics

1. Statics
2. Dynamics 3. Strength of Materials
Consider:
P W Statics: Det. the force reqd to support the load W. Assumption: bar is both rigid and strong enough to support the load. Strength of Materials: bar must neither bend nor break excessively. Strength and rigidity requirements should be satisfied. - Deals with the relations between externally applied loads and their INTERNAL EFFECTS on bodies. - Study of external effects of forces on rigid bodies (bodies for which the change in shape is negligible)

SIMPLE STRESS

ANALYSIS OF INTERNAL FORCES

Consider the body of arbitrary shape acted upon by the forces shown: MXY PXY PXZ MXZ

PXX

MXX

Statics: Determine the resultant of applied forces whether or not the body remains at rest; F=0 Strength of Materials: Additional investigation on the internal distribution of forces

ANALYSIS OF INTERNAL FORCES

Consider the body of arbitrary shape acted upon by the forces shown: PXX = Axial Force. This comp. measures the pulling or pushing action perpendicular to the section. Often denoted by P. PXY, PXZ = Shear Forces. These are comp. of the total resistance to sliding the portion to one side of the exploratory section past the other. Usually denoted by Vy or Vz. MXX = Torque. This comp. measures the resistance to twisting the member. Usually denoted by T. MXY , MXZ = Bending Moments. These comp. measures the resistance to bending the member about the y or z axes. Designated by My or Mz.

MXY PXY PXZ MXZ PXX MXX

NORMAL STRESS/AXIAL STRESS

result from forces acting perpendicular/normal to the plane of the cross-section. may be tensile (pulls on the area) or compressive (pushes on the area)

P A
Where: P = Applied load A = cross-sectional area

Units: Usually N/m2 (Pa), N/mm2, MN/m2, GN/m2 or N/cm2 Note: 1 N/mm2 = 1 MN/m2 = 1 MPa

NORMAL STRESS/AXIAL STRESS

Consider 2 bars of equal strength but different materials, suspended from a common support as shown:

Bar 1 A = 10 mm2

Bar 2 A = 1000 mm2

500 N

5000 N

Both bars are supporting maximum loads, which material is stronger?

SAMPLE PROBLEMS

An aluminim rod is rigidly attached between a steel rod and a bronze rod as shown in the figure below. Axial loads are applied at the positions indicated. Find the maximum value that will not exceed a stress in stress of 140 Mpa, in aluminum of 90 Mpa, or in bronze of 100 Mpa.

2. For the truss shown, calculate the stress in member CE. The cross-sectional area of the member is 1.8 in2.
D

A 8m

B 8m 6m

6m E 8m 30 N

3. The block of weight W hangs from the pin at A. The bars AB and AC are pinned to the support at B and C. The areas are 800 mm2 for AB and 400 mm2 for AC. Neglecting the weights of the bars, det the max safe value of W if the stress in AB is limited to 110 Mpa and that in AC to 120 Mpa.
B C

30

50