Environmental impact assessment, case: Port of Gteborg

ke Sjdin & Erik Fridell IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute

SUTRANET Presentation Seminar, Aalborg, March 22, 2007

Introduction and motives for the case

Port of Gteborg: rapidly developing major NSR port located inside a major city spatial and environmental barriers in the frontline as regards environmental actions presently in the process of applying for legal and environmental permits for major expansion

SUTRANET Presentation Seminar, Aalborg, March 22, 2007

Description of the case Port of Gteborg

Harbours (terminals): 1. Tors harbour (oil) 2. Skarvik harbour (oil) 3. Rya harbour (oil) 4. lvsborg/Arendal (ro/ro) 5. Skandia (container, car) Figures in 2005: 788,000 containers TEU 574,000 ro/ro units 304,000 cars 19.5 million tonnes of oil 37.2 million tonnes of goods Total number of berths: 151 Total lenght of berths: 12 kilometres

SUTRANET Presentation Seminar, Aalborg, March 22, 2007

Measures taken to reduce environmental impact

Shore-side electricity supply Vapour recovery Electrified railway transports Emission control on working machinery/non-road vehicles Heavy ecodriving

SUTRANET Presentation Seminar, Aalborg, March 22, 2007

Future situation port expansion scenario

A doubling of the harbour traffic in 2012 compared to 2001, involving expansion of the ro/ro- and container harbour areas (terminals, quais) and associated activities Subsequent increases in road transports and associated needed changes in road traffic infrastructure Increase in rail transports and subsequent changes in railway infrastructure Increase of depth of fairways leading into ports

SUTRANET Presentation Seminar, Aalborg, March 22, 2007

Expansion of container and car terminals

SUTRANET Presentation Seminar, Aalborg, March 22, 2007

Expansion of ro/ro-terminal

SUTRANET Presentation Seminar, Aalborg, March 22, 2007

Environmental impact assessment

1. Air quality
NO2 standard exceeded in some points Port traffic contribute by 5% in 2001, and by 2% in 2005

SUTRANET Presentation Seminar, Aalborg, March 22, 2007

Environmental impact assessment

2. Water quality, soils, sediments
Concentrations of oil pollutants in surface water from the port are and the environmental impact considered marginal Amounts of mineral oils released from port activities to the waste water network are small and considered having a marginal impact on municipal waste water treatment Impact toxics in antifouling agents and ballast water on water organisms may not be excluded Impact of dredging considered small Negative impacts of swell and erosion may occur

SUTRANET Presentation Seminar, Aalborg, March 22, 2007

Environmental impact assessment

3. Noise
Standards exceeded in some residential areas Situation unchanged in 2012

SUTRANET Presentation Seminar, Aalborg, March 22, 2007

Environmental impact assessment

4. Cultural heritage and natural habitats
Exploitation of the small island Lilla Aspholmen, part of the national historical interest the 17th century military fortress lvsborgs Nya Fstning, for the expansion of the ro/ro-terminal

Intrusion of the NATURA 2000-reservation area Torsviken by new road and rail infrastructure through the area, connecting to a new ro/ro harbour at Stora Risholmen

SUTRANET Presentation Seminar, Aalborg, March 22, 2007

Measures to reduce spatial and environmental barriers for port development

Emissions to air:
non-road vehicles and working machinery renew, ecodriving ships shoreside electricity, exhaust aftertreatment, fuels green electricity and heat consumption within port

Emissions to water and soil:

education of port staff green bunkering equipping surface and waste water wells with oil filters promotion of environmental friendly antifouling agents

Noise:
non-road vehicles and working machinery renew, ecodriving ships shoreside electricity load/reload, container handling new improved standards

SUTRANET Presentation Seminar, Aalborg, March 22, 2007

Conclusions and recommendations

Air emissions (in particular SO2 and NOX) from ships need to be reduced:
abatement technologies exist and are very cost-effective effective policies are lacking actors: EU, national governments, local and port authorities

Noise emissions from ports and port activities need to be reduced:

technical solutions not available at a satisfying point need of research and standardisation key actor: European Commission

Railway network and associated transports connecting to ports need to be improved Careful and advanced planning to protect natural habitats and cultural heritage

SUTRANET Presentation Seminar, Aalborg, March 22, 2007

Thank you for your attention!

SUTRANET Presentation Seminar, Aalborg, March 22, 2007