W o r k i n g a t a S m a l l -t o -M e d i u m

CCN A D i s c o v e r y

B u s in e s s o r IS P

Lab 4.1.5 Subnetting a Network

Objective
C r e a t e a n I P a d d r e s s in g p l a n f o r a s m a l l n e t wo r k .

B a ck g r o u n d / P r ep a r a tio n

A cu s t o m e r h a s ca l l e d t h e I S P co m p l a in in g o f e -m a il p r o b l e m s a n d o cca s io n a l p o o r I n t e r n e t p e r f o r m a n ce . O n a n e a r l ie r s it e v is it , t h e t e ch n icia n h a d cr e a t e d d ia g r a m o f t h e cu s t o m e r s e x is t in g n e t wo r k s h o wn h e r e .

I n t h is a ct iv it y , y o u wil l p l a y t h e r o l e o f a n o n s it e in s t a l l a t io n a n d s u p p o r t t e ch n icia n f r o m

a n IS P .

E x is tin g N e tw o r k

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P age 1 of 5

C C N A D is c o v e r y Wo r k i n g a t a S m a l l -t o -M e d i u m

B u s in e s s o r IS P
t o p o l o g y d ia g r a m f o r t h e p r o p o s e d n e t wo r k

T h e I S P is p r e p a r in g a d e s ig n f o r a n e t wo r k u p g r a d e . T h e in t e r im is s h o wn b e l o w.

T h e r e is s t il l a r e q u ir e m e n t f o r a n I P a d d r e s s in g p l a n . O n e o f t h e I S P n e t wo r k d e s ig n e r s h a s m a d e s o m e n o t e s o n a s im p l if ie d s k e t ch o f t h e p r o p o s e d n e t wo r k , a n d h a s wr it t e n s o m e r e q u ir e m e n t s . T h e d e s ig n e r a s k s y o u t o cr e a t e a n I P a d d r e s s p l a n f o r t h e n e t wo r k u p g r a d e .

All contents are Copyright 199220 0 7 Cisco S ystem s, I nc. All rights reserv ed . T his d ocu m ent is Cisco P u b lic I nf orm ation.

P age 2 of 5

C C N A D is c o v e r y Wo r k i n g a t a S m a l l -t o -M e d i u m

B u s in e s s o r IS P

Rough Design Notes:

U se th e 1 9 2 . 1 6 8 . 1 . 0 netw ork . Wil l h av e to subnet it.

ISP

Company Web and M ai l S er v er

IP addresses for router i n terfac es?

Wirel ess Subnet: Host IP addresses? U p to 3 0 PC s Wired Subnet: Host IP addresses? 1 6 PC s, O ne f il e serv er and O ne p rinter. A ddress rang e? Subnet?

P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID

2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .

C is c o C o n fid e n tia l

Step 1: Analyze the network

1 )

a . R e f e r r in g t o t h e R o u g h D e s ig n N o t e s , d e t e r m in e t h e m in im u m t o s u p p o r t t h e n e w n e t wo r k d e s ig n . 2 )

n u m b e r o f h o s ts th a t a s u b n e t n e e d s

T h e la r g e s t s u b n e t m u s t b e a b le t o s u p p o r t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ h o s t s .

c.

b . W h a t is t h e m in im u m

T o s u p p o r t t h a t m a n y h o s t s , t h e n u m b e r o f h o s t b it s r e q u ir e d is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .

d . F il l in t h e b l a n k s t o s u m m a r iz e t h e s u b n e t t in g r e q u ir e m e n t s o f t h is n e w n e t wo r k d e s ig n :

F o r e x a m p l e : I f f o u r s u b n e t s a r e r e q u ir e d a n d t h e l a r g e s t s u b n e t h a s t o s u p p o r t 1 2 8 h o s t s , t h is is a p r o b l e m , b e ca u s e a s u b n e t in a cl a s s C n e t wo r k t h a t h a s b e e n p a r t it io n e d f o u r wa y s ca n s u p p o r t o n l y 6 2 h o s ts .

C a n t h is n e t wo r k b e s u b n e t t e d a cco r d in g t o t h e r e q u ir e m e n t s ? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

n u m b e r o f s u b n e t s r e q u ir e d f o r t h e n e w n e t wo r k d e s ig n ? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

T h is n e t wo r k r e q u ir e s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ s u b n e t s , e a ch s u p p o r t in g 3 0 h o s t s . T h e r e f o r e , _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ h o s t I D b it s a r e r e s e r v e d f o r t h e s u b n e t I D . W it h t h o s e v a l u e s , t h is n e t wo r k s u p p o r t s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ s u b n e t s , e a ch s u b n e t h a v in g _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ h o s t s .

Step 2 : C alc u late the c u s tom

T h e cu s t o m

N o w t h a t t h e n u m b e r o f s u b n e t I D b it s is k n o wn , t h e s u b n e t m a s k ca n b e ca l cu l a t e d . A cl a s s C d e f a u l t s u b n e t m a s k o f 2 4 b it s , o r 2 5 5 .2 5 5 .2 5 5 .0 . W h a t wil l t h e cu s t o m s u b n e t m a s k b e ? s u b n e t m a s k f o r t h is n e t wo r k wil l b e _ _ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ _ , o r / _ _ _ _ _ .

s u b net m as k

n e t wo r k h a s a

All contents are Copyright 199220 0 7 Cisco S ystem s, I nc. All rights reserv ed . T his d ocu m ent is Cisco P u b lic I nf orm ation.

P age 3 of 5

C C N A D is c o v e r y Wo r k i n g a t a S m a l l -t o -M e d i u m

B u s in e s s o r IS P

Step 3 : Spec i f y the hos t I P ad d res s es

N o w t h a t t h e s u b n e t m a s k is id e n t if ie d , t h e n e t wo r k a d d r e s s in g s ch e m e ca n b e cr e a t e d . T h e a d d r e s s in g s ch e m e in cl u d e s t h e s u b n e t n u m b e r , t h e s u b n e t b r o a d ca s t a d d r e s s , a n d t h e r a n g e o f I P a d d r e s s e s a s s ig n a b l e t o h o s t s . a . C o m p l e t e t h e t a b l e s h o win g a l l t h e p o s s ib l e s u b n e t s f o r t h e 1 9 2 .1 6 8 .1 .0 n e t wo r k . S u b n e t A d d re s s H o s t IP A d d r e s s R a n g e

S u b n e t

B r o a d c a s t A d d r e s s

b . f o r it t o b e co m p l e t e d . H o s t s wil l b e a s s ig n e d I P a d d r e s s e s a s f o l l o ws : ( f il l in t h e t a b l e b e l o w) D e v ic e 1 8 4 1 In te r fa c e S e r ia l 0 / 0 / 0 IP A d d r e s s 1 1 .1 1 .1 1 .1 0 0 IS P R o u te r C o n n e c ts to W ir e d h o s t s 1 1 .1 1 .1 1 .1 IP A d d r e s s

F a 0 /0 F a 0 /1

_ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ Lin k s y s I n t e r n e t 1 8 4 1 F a 0 /1 W ir e l e s s H o s t s

W ir e d h o s t R a n g e : _ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ T o _ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _

Lin k s y s

In te rn e t LA N G a t e wa y

_ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _

W ir e l e s s h o s t R a n g e : _ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ T o _ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _

Step 4 : C ons i d er other s u b netti ng opti ons

W h a t if t h e r e we r e m o r e t h a n 3 0 h o s t s t h a t n e e d e d t o b e s u p p o r t e d o n e it h e r t h e wir e d o r wir e l e s s p o r t io n o f t h e n e t wo r k . Y o u co u l d b o r r o w f e we r b it s , wh ich wo u l d cr e a t e f e we r s u b n e t s , b u t e a ch o n e wo u l d s u p p o r t a g re a te r n u m b e r o f h o s ts p e r s u b n e t. b . H o w m a n y b it s wo u l d b e l e f t f o r h o s t s o n e a ch s u b n e t ? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a . H o w m a n y b it s wo u l d b e b o r r o we d t o cr e a t e f o u r s u b n e t s ? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

c.

d . W h a t wo u l d t h e s u b n e t m a s k b e in d o t t e d d e cim a l a n d s l a s h n u m b e r ( / # ) f o r m a t ? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
All contents are Copyright 199220 0 7 Cisco S ystem s, I nc. All rights reserv ed . T his d ocu m ent is Cisco P u b lic I nf orm ation.

W h a t is t h e m a x im u m n u m b e r o f h o s t s e a ch s u b n e t co u l d s u p p o r t ? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

P age 4 of 5

C C N A D is c o v e r y Wo r k i n g a t a S m a l l -t o -M e d i u m

B u s in e s s o r IS P

e . I f y o u s t a r t wit h t h e s a m e 1 9 2 .1 6 8 .1 .0 n e t wo r k a s b e f o r e a n d s u b n e t it in t o f o u r s u b n e t s , wh a t wo u l d th e s u b n e t n u m b e rs b e ?

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ o f I P a d d r e s s d e p l e t io n ? E x p l a in y o u r a n s we r .

Step 5 : R ef lec ti on

a . D o e s s u b n e t t in g h e l p r e d u ce t h e p r o b l e m

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

c.

b . T h e R o u g h D e s ig n N o t e s d ia g r a m n o t e d t h a t t h e wir e l e s s s u b n e t wo u l d h a v e u p t o 3 0 P C s co n n e ct in g . I n p a ir s o r in s m a l l g r o u p s , d is cu s s wh e t h e r o r n o t t h a t cr e a t e s a s it u a t io n in wh ich I P a d d r e s s e s m ig h t g e t wa s t e d . D o e s it m a t t e r , a n d wh y o r wh y n o t ? T h e r e a r e a l t e r n a t e m e t h o d s o f s u b n e t t in g u s in g C I D R a n d V LS M . W o u l d V LS M o p t io n f o r s u b n e t t in g t h is n e t wo r k ? D is cu s s in s m a l l g r o u p s . b e a wo r t h wh il e

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

All contents are Copyright 199220 0 7 Cisco S ystem s, I nc. All rights reserv ed . T his d ocu m ent is Cisco P u b lic I nf orm ation.

P age 5 of 5