PASSIVE VOICE Voz activa Many students use computers. Voz pasiva Computers are used by many students.

Estructura La voz pasiva se construye con el verbo to be seguido del participio pasado del verbo principal. Ejemplo: to cause to be caused El objeto de la oracin activa pasa a ser sujeto de la oracin pasiva. Ejemplo: Alcohol causes many health problems. Many helath problems are caused by alcohol. (El alcohol provoca muchos problemas de salud.) El sujeto e la oracin activa se transforma en el complemento agente de la oracin pasiva, que va introducido por by. Ejemplo: The coach will choose the team. The team will be chosen by the coach. (El entrenador escoger su equipo.)

Recuerda! que el complemento agente se omite cuando se quiere destacar la accin que expresa el verbo, sin importar demasiado quin la realiza. Ejemplos: My purse has been stolen (Me han robado el bolso.) A new drug is being tested. (Estn probando un medicamento nuevo.) Usos La voz pasiva se utiliza Para expresar acciones verbales destacando al objeto que afectan. Ejemplos: The doctors took a lot of samples. A lot of samples were taken (by the doctors) (Los mdicos tomaron muchas muestras.) They have made huge progress. Huge progress has been made. (Se ha progresado muchisimo.) Recuerda! que la voz pasiva se utiliza mucho ms en ingls que en castellano. Por eso, ante la oracin: He was asked a lot of questions, debemos evitar una traduccin lite ral del tipo: Le fueron hechas muchas preguntas, y coger una frase que suene ms natural en castellano: Le hicieron muchas preguntas.

Cambios de tiempos verbales Tenses Present simple Present continuous Past simple Past continuous Present perfect Past perfect Future Future perfect Conditional Perfect conditional Infinitive Perfect infinitive Can Should / ought to Active makes / make Is / are making made was / were making has / have made had made will make will have made would make would have made to make to have made can make can have made should / ought to make should / ought to have made Passive Is / are made Is / are being made was / were made was / were being made has / have been made had been made wll be made will have been made would be made would have been made to be made to have been made can be made can have been made should / ought to be made should / ought to have made

Ejemplos:

William Shkespeare wrote Hamlet. Hamlet was written by William Shkespeare. (Hamlet lo escrbi William Shkespeare.) Someone should put these books away. These books should be put away. (Estos libros se deberan poner en su sitio.) They are painting the walls pink. The walls are being painted pink. (Se estn pintando de rosa las paredes.) Someone has made the beds. The beds have been made. (Se han hecho las camas.) They could have solved this probem. This problem could have been solved. (Este problema se podra haber resuelto.)

Verbos con dos objetos Cuando el verbo activo tiene dos objetos, el objeto indirecto generalmente pasa a ser el sujeto de la frase pasiva. Ejemplo: They offered Harry a good job. Harry was offered a good job O bien: A good job was offered to Harry. (Le ofrecieron a Harry un buen empleo.) Entre los verbos que admiten estas estructuras cabe destacar: give, send, show, lend, ask, tell, offer, order, pay. Ejemplo: They didnt send John an e-mail. John wasnt sent an e-mail. (A John no le enviaron un e-mail.)