Touch Screen Technology

Submitted to:
Prof. Anil Sharma

Submitted by:
Alisha Korpal Amandeep Singh Kirandeep Kaur Group 1

INDEX
Sno 1 2 3 4 5 6 Introduction History Technologies Components Advantages References Topic Page number 3 4 5 6 7-8 9

Introduction

A touch screen is an electronic visual display that can detect the presence and location of a touch within the display area. The term generally refers to touching the display of the device with a finger or hand. Touch screens can also sense other passive objects, such as a stylus. Touch screen is common in devices such as computers, tablet, and smart phones. The touch screen has two main attributes. First, it enables one to interact directly with what is displayed, rather than indirectly with a cursor controlled by a mouse or touchpad. Secondly, it lets one do so without requiring any intermediate device that would need to be held in the hand. Such displays can be attached to computers, or to networks as terminals. They also play a prominent role in the design of digital appliances such as the personal digital assistant (PDA), satellite navigation devices, mobile phones, and video games. A touch screen is a display that can detect the presence and location of a touch within the display area, generally refers to touch or contact to the display of the device by a finger or hand. Touch screen is also an input device. The screens are sensitive to pressure; a user interacts with the computer by touching pictures or words on the screen, Touchscreens can also sense other passive objects, such as a stylus, the touch screen has two main attributes. First, it enables one to interact with what is displayed directly on the screen, where it is displayed, rather than indirectly with a mouse or touchpad. Secondly, it lets one do so without requiring any intermediate device, again, such as a stylus that needs to be held in the hand. Such displays can be attached to computers or, as terminals, to networks. They also play a prominent role in the design of digital appliances such as the personal digital assistant (PDA).

History

In 1971, the first "Touch Sensor" was developed by Doctor Sam Hurst (founder of Elographics) while he was an instructor at the University of Kentucky. This sensor, called the "Elograph," was patented by The University of Kentucky Research Foundation. The "Elograph" was not transparent like modern touch screens; however, it was a significant milestone in touch screen technology. In 1974, the first true touch screen incorporating a transparent surface was developed by Doctor Sam Hurst and Elographics. In 1977, Elographics developed and patented five-wire resistive technology, the most popular touch screen technology in use today. Touch screens first gained some visibility with the invention of the computer-assisted learning terminal, which came out in 1975 as part of the PLATO project. Touch screens have subsequently become familiar in everyday life. Companies use touch screens for kiosk systems in retail and tourist settings, point of sale systems, ATMs, and PDAs, where a stylus is sometimes used to manipulate the GUI and to enter data. The popularity of smart phones, PDAs, portable game consoles and many types of information appliances is driving the demand for, and acceptance of, touch screens.

Technologies
4

Resistive Capacitive Interruptive

Resistive
A resistive touch screen panel is composed of several layers, the most important of which are two thin, electrically conductive layers separated by a narrow gap. When an object, such as a finger, presses down on a point on the panel's outer surface the two metallic layers become connected at that point: the panel then behaves as a pair of voltage dividers with connected outputs. This causes a change in the electrical current, which is registered as a touch event and sent to the controller for processing.

Capacitive
A capacitive touch screen panel is one which consists of an insulator such as glass, coated with a transparent conductor such as indium tin oxide (ITO). As the human body is also a electrical conductor, touching the surface of the screen results in a distortion of the screens electrostatic field, measurable as a change in capacitance. Different technologies may be used to determine the location of the touch. The location is then sent to the controller for processing

Interruptive
A grid of waves over the screen gets interrupted at a certain point on the X axis and Y axis. A Very high clarity due to having no layers over the actual screen. No capable of multi touch. Easily affected by dirt and other interference

Components

A basic touch screen has three main components: a touch sensor, a controller, and a software driver. The touch screen is an input device, so it needs to be combined with a display and a PC or other device to make a complete touch input system.

I.TouchSensor
A touch screen sensor is a clear glass panel with a touch responsive surface. The touch sensor/panel is placed over a display screen so that the responsive area of the panel covers the viewable area of the video screen. There are several different touch sensor technologies on the market today, each using a different method to detect touch input. 2.Controller The controller is a small PC card that connects between the touch sensor and the PC. It takes information from the touch sensor and translates it into information that PC can understand. The controller is usually installed inside the monitor for integrated monitors or it is housed in a plastic case Tor external touch overlays. The controller determines what type of interface/connection you will need on the PC. Integrated touch monitors will have an extra cable connection on the back for the touch screen. Controllers are available that can connect to a Serial/COM port (PC) or to a USB port (PC or Macintosh). Specialized controllers are also available that work with DVD players. 3.SoftwareDriver The driver is a software update for the PC system that allows the touch screen and computer to work together. It tells the computer's operating system how to interpret the touch event information that is sent from the controller. Most touch screen drivers today are a mouse-emulation type driver. This makes touching the screen the same as clicking your mouse at the same location on the screen. This allows the touch screen to work with existing software and allows new applications to be developed without the need for touch screen specific programming. Some equipment such as thin client terminals, DVD players, and specialized computer systems either do not use software.

Advantages

1. Public Information Displays Information kiosks, tourism displays, trade show displays, and other electronic displays are used by many people that have little or no computing experience. The user-friendly touch screen interface can be less intimidating and easier to use than other input devices, especially for novice users. A touch screen can help make your information more easily accessible by allowing users to navigate your presentation by simply touching the display screen 2. Retail and Restaurant Systems Time is money, especially in a fast paced retail or restaurant environment. Touch screen systems are easy to use so employees can get work done faster, and training time can be reduced for new employees. And because input is done right on the screen, valuable counter space can be saved. Touch screens can be used in cash registers, order entry stations, seating and reservation systems, and more 3. Customer Self-Service In today's fast pace world, waiting in line is one of the things that has yet to speed up. Self-service touch screen terminals can be used to improve customer service at busy stores, fast service restaurants, transportation hubs, and more. Customers can quickly place their own orders or check themselves in or out, saving them time, and decreasing wait times for other customers. Automated bank teller (ATM) and airline e-ticket terminals are examples of self-service stations that can benefit from touch screen input. 4. Control and Automation Systems The touch screen interface is useful in systems ranging from industrial process control tc home automation. By integrating the input device with the display, valuable workspace can be saved. And with a graphical interface, operators can monitor and control complex operations in real-time by simply touching the screen. 4. Computer Based Training because the touch screen interface is more user-friendly than other input devices, over training time for computer novices, and therefore training expense, can be reduced. It can also help to make learning more fun and interactive, which can lead to a more beneficial training experience for both students and educators. 5. Assistive Technology

The touch screen interface can be beneficial to those that have difficulty using other input devices such as a mouse or keyboard. When used in conjunction with software such as on-screen keyboards, or other assistive technology, they can help make computing resources more available to people that have difficulty using computers.

References
8

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touchscreen http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resistive_touchscreen http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/balamadhu2007-366056-touchscreen-technology-bala-science-ppt-powerpoint/ http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/aSGuest21619-209927-touchscreentechnologies-enter-tags-education-ppt-powerpoint/ http://www.seminarprojects.com/Thread-touch-screen-technology-report-and-ppt http://docs.google.com/viewer? a=v&q=cache:1mcxvteOcCYJ:courses.ee.nd.edu/87022/documents/Touch %2520screen %2520sensor.ppt+ppts+on+touch+screen+technology&hl=en&gl=in&pid=bl&srci d=ADGEEShmbSa_iRtYmz9sMm2GJCDDtAR4-64H6AQ4vIfAUHE9jAvEUn9AIwt0Rgbc5O6Ag9kTxA4651BXemkDSM9Tha49WW4VVx5TUvCTdaqqOOOH929xCkzMrk0wNYfrnPmiFkdy98&sig=AHIEtbQqB3LBjH_w CaG9eMrqaP1X-YUjFQ