The Particle Entity Notation (PEN) scheme (version 22 April 2010)

Michel Goossens CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland Abstract The Particle Entity Notation (PEN) scheme, presented here, denes markup for all known elementary particles. It thus allows for the automatic extraction of information about these particles by recognition of their entity names. An A implementation with LTEX is available, which also ensures the typographic correctness of the printed symbols.
A Keywords: Text-processing; LTEX; elementary particles; PEN.

Typographical rules for scientic texts

In scientic texts the printed form of a symbol often implies a meaning which is not easily captured A by generic markup. Therefore authors using some form of generic coding (like LTEX or XML) need to know about typographical conventions. The following is a brief summary of the most important rules for composing scientic texts [14]. The most important rule is consistency: a symbol should always be the same, whether it appears in a formula or in the text, on the main line or as a superscript or subscript. Generally speaking, symbols for quantities and variables (i.e., those that do not have a xed value) are typeset in italic, whereas symbols for units or descriptive terms (e.g., names of elements, particles) are in roman. Therefore in scientic texts quite a few symbols must be set in roman (upright) characters1 . This is the case for the following families of symbols: units, such as g, cm, s, keV. Note that physical constants are usually in italics, so units involving constants are mixed roman-italics, e.g., GeV/c (where the c is italic because it is a variable which symbolizes the speed of light, which is a measured quantity); elements and particles, e.g., Al, Si, H, p, e, q. For elementary particles the PEN (Particle Entity Notation) scheme is proposed (see Section 2); mathematical constants, functions, and operators, e.g., sin, det, cos, tan, Re, Im, (use the built-in A LTEX functions for these, e.g., \sin, \ln); e for the base of the natural logarithms; the d in integrands (e.g., dx/dt). numbers; waves or states (p-wave), couplings (A, for axial, V, for vector), monopoles (E, for electric, M, for magnetic); abbreviations that are initials of bits of words, e.g., exp, for experimental; min, for minimum; T, for transverse; L, for longitudinal; In all cases, following these rules will help the reader understand at rst glance what you are talking about. Some instances in which it is important to use the correct symbol, in the correct type, are shown in Table 1. Let your word processor do as much work as it can. Do not try to change your systems defaults A too much; this will decrease the portability and maintainability of your documents. LTEX implements part of the rules mentioned above by default in math mode.
1 A With LTEX roman type in math mode can be achieved by the \mathrm command.

Table 1: Importance of using the correct type

A e g l m p q s t V Z

roman type ampere (electric unit) electron (particle name) gluon (particle name) litre (volume unit) metre (length unit) proton (particle name) quark (particle name) second (time unit) tonne (weight unit) volt (electric unit) Z boson (particle name)

A e g l m p q s t V Z

italic type atomic number (variable) electron charge (constant) gravitational constant length (variable) mass (variable) momentum (variable) electric charge (variable) c.m. energy squared (variable) time (variable) volume (variable) atomic charge (variable)

Do not add blanks at random to make formulae look nicer, and restrain from using specic page A layout commands (like \newline or \newpage with LTEX). You will forget that you put them in your text and later wonder why some text is badly adjusted or starts a new line or page. 2

Entity denitions for elementary particles

In texts on high energy physics frequently re-occurring strings are the names of elementary particles. A For example, the Z0 particle can be coded in various different ways with LTEX: Z$^0$, $\mbox{Z}^0$, and $\mathrm{Z^0}$ all achieve the same typographical effect, a roman Z with a superscript 0. In the interest of standardization and typing convenience, we propose below an entity naming scheme, which will not only relieve the user from having to worry about the correctness of what he types, but also will allow an automatic extraction of the particle names from the input le, so that it will be easy to enter data about an article using this convention into a database of abstracts. The naming scheme uses a notation which takes the following constraints into consideration: 1. The notation should be able to describe all particles in the particle data summary tables from the Review of Particle Properties [5] and any future extension to these. 2. Common particles such as protons and electrons should have short and simple names. 3. Items that are indicated by superscripts are indicated before items that are indicated by subscripts. The mass or other discriminating characteristic of a particle is not added to the entity name, which means that an entity on its own does in general not unambiguously identify a particle, e.g., (1S) and (10860) are both referred to as PGU. This ambiguity is eleminated adding a letter P (for parameter) to the end of the entity name and specifying the mass or other characteristic of the particle as a mandatory argument parameter. Thus the above two particles are marked up as \PGUP{1S}, and \PGUP{10860}, A respectively. The PEN scheme is independent of any text processing system. A LTEX impementation is available (heppennames2.sty) which allows one to use the PEN names in both mathematics and text mode. The present scheme differs quite substantially from the original 1994 version in that a more rigorous approach was taken to make it more open-ended. This was achieved by transferring all mass and A spectroscopic information into an attribute (parameter argument in the LTEX implementation). The le will be updated regularly to take into account the most recent version of the Review of Particle Properties publication.

Table 2: Codes for Greek characters

Greek name alpha

code Greek name a A Alpha g e h i l n o r t f y

code Greek name A beta G E H I L N O R T F Y

code Greek name b B Beta d z q k m x p s u c w

code B D Z Q K M X P S U C W

gamma epsilon eta iota lambda nu omicron rho tau phi psi

Gamma Epsilon Eta Iota Lambda Nu Omicron Rho Tau Phi Psi

delta zeta theta kappa mu xi pi sigma upsilon chi omega

Delta Zeta Theta Kappa Mu Xi Pi Sigma Upsilon Chi Omega

E H I

K M

N O R T

2.1

Principles of the Particle Entity Notation (PEN)

Starting at the left, a name is built from the following characters: 1. Start the entity with a recognized string (in the following this was chosen as uppercase P). This is necessary to uniquely identify entities as following the PEN convention. 2. The following letters act as an escape to signal a special interpretation of the string. Present escape sequences are: A for anti particle (normally visually represented with a bar over the particles name); G for indicating the subsequent letter is Greek. The correspondence between Latin and Greek letters is based on the notation for mathematical Greek characters used by the AAP mathematical formula application [6] and is shown in Table 2. Q for quark particle; S for supersymmetric particle; XX for particle not strictly following naming scheme, e.g., \PXXA for axion. The precedence (from highest to lowest) is A, S, Q, G and XX. 3. The one-letter name of the particle. 4. Optionally followed by other information, reading from top (superscript(s)) to bottom (subscript(s)), and from left to right. superscripts: z for zero, m for minus, p for plus, pm for plus/minus, mp for minus/plus, pr for prime, st for star (asterisk); subscripts: D for digit, followed by a one-letter code representing the digit, as follows: z (zero), o (one), t (two), T (three), f (four), F (ve), s (six), S (seven), e (eight), n (nine); subscripts (cont.: b for bottom, c for charmed, d for down, s for strange, t for top, u for up; subscripts (cont.: other one-letter codes, such as J for unknown spin L for left or long, R for right, S for short. 5. P for Parenthesis. In this case an obligatory argument species characteristics of the resonance, such as its mass or quantum numbers, which will be typeset between parentheses.

2.2

Particle encodings according to the PEN Scheme

In Table 3 we show how to encode the particles from the summary tables of particle properties in the Review of Particle Properties [5] using the PEN convention. In the rightmost column we give the computer name of the particle.
A The LTEX implementation is available as a style le heppennames2.sty. To obtain the symbol required, prex the PEN name by a backslash (\).

References
[1] International Union of pure and applied Physics. Symbols, Units, Nomenclature and fundamental Constants in Physics. Physica, 146A:167, 1987. [2] D.E. Lowe. A Guide to international recommendations on names and symbols for quantities and on units of measurements. World Health Organization, Geneva, 1975. [3] I.M. Mills and W.V. Metanomski, Interdivisional Committee on Nomenclature and Symbols. On the use of italic and roman fonts for symbols in scientic text. IUPAC, December 1999. (http://old.iupac.org/standing/idcns/italic-roman_may07.pdf). [4] National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) SI Unit rules and style conventions (http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/checklist.html) Typefaces for Symbols in Scientic Manuscripts (http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/pdf/typefaces.pdf). [5] K. Nakamura et al.: (Particle Data Group) 2010 J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 37 075021 (electronically available from the URL http://pdg.lbl.gov). [6] American National Standards Institute. Electronic Manuscript Preparation and Markup ANSI/NISO/ISO 12083-1995 (R2002).
Presents four document type denitions and additional facilities conforming to ISO 8879. Intended to provide document architectures for the creation and interchange of books, articles and serial publications. Species the SGML declaration dening the syntax used by the document type denitions and document instances; the document type denitions for the document classes books, articles, serials; a document type denition for Mathematics which may be embedded in other SGML applications.

The URL http://cern.ch/XML/pennames/heppennames2.sty contains the le with the A denitions for the particle names with LTEX. The URL http://cern.ch/XML/pennames/heppennames2.pdf corresponds to the printable version of the present document. Please send comments or suggestions to michel.goossens@cern.ch.

Table 3: PEN names for elementary particles in PDG list Representation Quarks
q, q-bar d, d-bar q(d), q-bar(d) u, u-bar q(u), q-bar(u) s, s-bar q(s), q-bar(s) c, c-bar q(c), q-bar(c) b, b-bar q(b), q-bar(b) t, t-bar q(t), q-bar(t) b, b-bar q(b), q-bar(b) t, t-bar q(t), q-bar(t)

PEN name

Computer name

PQq, PAQq

PQd, PAQd

PQqd, PAqQd

q, q d, d qd , q d u, u qu , q u s, s qs , q s c, c qc , q c b, b qb , q b t, t qt , q t b,b qb , q b t,t qt , q t Leptons

l, l-bar l-, l+, l+l(R), L(R)e, e-, e+, e+beta, beta-, beta+ mu, mu-, mu+ , mu+tau, tau-, tau+, tau+tau, tau-, tau+ L, L-bar

PQu, PAQu

PQqu, PAQqu

PQs, PAQs

PQqs, PAQqs

PQc, PAQc

PQqc, PAQqc

PQb, PAQb

PQqb, PAQqb

PQt, PAQt

5
l, l l, l+, l lR, l R e, e, e+, e , , + , , +, , , +, , , + L, L

PQqt, PAQqt

PQbpr, PAQbpr

PQqbpr, PAQqbpr

PQtpr, PAQtpr

PQqtpr, PAQqtpr

Pl, PAl

Plm, Plp, Plpm

PlR, PlmR

Pe, Pem, Pep, Pepm

PGb, PGbm, PGbp

PGm, PGmm, PGmp, PGmpm

PGt, PGtm, PGtp, PGtpm

PGtpr, PGtprm, PGprtp

PL, PAL

Table 3: PEN names (continued) Computer name

L-, L+, L+nu, nu-bar nu(l), nu-bar(l) nu(e), nu-bar(e) nu(mu), nu-bar(mu) nu(tau), nu-bar(tau) nu(tau), nu-bar(tau) g (gluon) gamma

PEN name

PLm, PLp, PLpm

PGn, PAGn

PGnl, PAGnl
, , ,

PGne, PAGne

Representation L, L+, L , l, l e , e

PGnGm, PAGnGm

PGnGt, PAGnGt

PGnGtpr, PAGnGtpr

Gauge and Higgs Bosons (Standard Model) g

Pg

PGg

PW

PWm, PWp, PWpm

PZ, PZz

6
Light I=1 mesons (S = C = B = 0)
, , , +, 0 (770), (770), (770)
+ 0

PH, PHz

PWpr, PWDt, PWpDt

PWL, PWR

PZpr, PZprpr, PZst

PZzDt, PZzDT

PZL, PZR, PZLR

PZGc, PZGe, PZGy

W W W , W +, W W-, W+, W+0 Z, Z Z, Z0 H, H0 H, H0 Bosons (outside Standard Model) W, W(2), W(2) W , W 2, W + 2 W L, W R W(L), W(R) Z , Z , Z Z, Z, Z* 0 0 Z2, Z3 Z(2)0, Z(3)0 ZL, ZR, ZLR Z(L), Z(R), Z(LR) Z, Z, Z Z(chi), Z(eta), Z(psi)
pi, pi+-, pi-+ pi-, pi+, pi0 rho(770)0,+ a(0)(980)0,+ b(1)(1235)0,+ a(1)(1260)0,+ pi(1300)0,+

PGp, PGppm, PGpmp

PGpm, PGpp, PGpz

PGrP{770}, PGrpP{770}, PGrzP{770}

PaDzP{980}, PapDzP{980}, PazDzP{980}

PbDoP{1235}, PbpDoP{1235}, PbzDoP{1235}

PaDoP{1260}, PapDoP{1260}, PazDoP{1260}

PGpP{1300}, PGppP{1300}, PGpzP{1300}

a0(980), a+(980), a0(980) 0 0 b1(1235), b+(1235), b0(1235) 1 1 a1(1260), a+(1260), a0(1260) 1 1 (1300), +(1300), 0(1300)

Table 3: PEN names (continued)

PEN name

PaDtP{1320}, PapDtP{1320}, PazDtP{1320}

PGpDoP{1400}, PGppDoP{1400}, PGpzDoP{1400}

PaDzP{1450}, PapDzP{1450}, PazDzP{1450}

PGrP{1450}, PGrpP{1450}, PGrzP{1450}

PGpDoP{1600}, PGppDoP{1600}, PGpzDoP{1600}

PaDoP{1640}, PapDoP{1640}, PazDoP{1640}

PGpDtP{1670}, PGppDtP{1670}, PGpzDtP{1670}

PGrDTP{1690}, PGrpDTP{1690}, PGrzDTP{1690}

PGrP{1700}, PGrpP{1700}, PGrzP{1700}

PaDtP{1700}, PapDtP{1700}, PazDtP{1700}

PGpP{1800}, PGppP{1800}, PGpzP{1800}

PGrP{1900}, PGrpP{1900}, PGrzP{1900}

PGrDTP{1990}, PGrpDTP{1990}, PGrzDTP{1990}

PaDfP{2040}, PapDfP{2040}, PazDfP{2040}

PGpP{2100}, PGppP{2100}, PGpzP{2100}

PGrP{2150}, PGrpP{2150}, PGrzP{2150}

PGrDTP{2250}, PGrpDTP{2250}, PGrzDTP{2250}

PGrDFP{2350}, PGrpDFP{2350}, PGrzDFP{2350}

PaDsP{2450}, PapDsP{2450}, PazDsP{2450}

PGh, PGhpr

PfDzP{600}

PGoP{782}

PGhprP{958}

PfDzP{980}

PGfP{1020}

PhDoP{1170}

PfDtP{1270}

PfDoP{1285}

PGhP{1295}

Representation Computer name a2(1320), a+(1320), a0(1320) a(2)(1320)0,+ 2 2 + 0 1(1400), 1 (1400), 1(1400) pi(1)(1400)0,+ a0(1450), a+(1450), a0(1450) a(0)(1450)0,+ 0 0 + 0 (1450), (1450), (1450) rho(1450)0,+ 1(1600), +(1600), 0(1600) pi(1)(1600)0,+ 1 1 + 0 a1(1640), a1 (1640), a1(1640) a(1)1(1640)0,+ 2(1670), +(1670), 0(1670) pi(2)(1670)0,+ 2 2 + 0 3(1690), 3 (1690), 3(1690) rho(3)(1690)0,+ (1700), +(1700), 0(1700) rho(1700)0,+ + 0 a2(1700), a2 (1700), a2(1700) a(2)(1700)0,= (1800), +(1800), 0(1800) pi(1800)0,+ (1900), +(1900), 0(1900) rho(1900)0,+ + 0 3(1990), 3 (1990), 3(1990) rho(3)(1990)0,+ a4(2040), a+(2040), a0(2040) a(4)(2040)0,+ 4 4 + 0 (2100), (2100), (2100) pi(2100)0,+ (2150), +(2150), 0(2150) rho(2150)0,+ + 0 3(2250), 3 (2250), 3(2250) rho(3)(2250)0,+ rho(5)(2350)0,+ 5(2350), +(2350), 0(2350) 5 5 + 0 a6(2450), a6 (2450), a6(2450) a(6)(2450)0,+ Light I=0 mesons (S = C = B = 0) , eta, eta f 0(600) f0(600)0 (782) omega(782)0 (958) eta(958)0 f 0(980) f(0)(980)0 (1020) phi(1020)0 h1(1170) h(1)(1170)0 f 2(1270) f(2)(1270)0 f 1(1285) f(1)(1285)0 (1295) eta(1295)0

Table 3: PEN names (continued) Computer name

f(0)(1370)0 h(1)(1380)0 eta(1405)0 f(1)(1420)0 omega(1420)0 f(2)(1430)0 rho(1450)0 f(0)(1500)0 f(1)(1510)0 f(2)(1525)0 f(2)(1565)0 h(1)(1595)0 f(2)(1640)0 eta(2)(1645)0 omega(1650)0 omega(3)(1670)0 phi(1680)0 f(0)(1710)0 eta(1760)0 f(2)(1810)0 phi(3)(1850)0 eta(2)(1870)0 f(2)(1910)0 f(2)(1950) 0 f(2)(2010)0 f(0)(2020)0 f(4)(2050)0 f(0)(2100)0 f(2)(2150)0 f(0)(2200)0

PEN name

PfDzP{1370}

PhDoP{1380}

PGhP{1405}

PfDoP{1420}

PGoP{1420}

PfDtP{1430}

PGrP{1450}

PfDzP{1500}

PfDoP{1510}

PfprDtP{1525}

PfDtP{1565}

PhDoP{1595}

PfDtP{1640}

PGhDtP{1645}

PGoP{1650}

PGoDTP{1670}

PGfP{1680}

PfDzP{1710}

PGhP{1760}

PfDtP{1810}

PGfDTP{1850}

PGhDtP{1870}

PfDtP{1910}

PfDtP{1950}

PfDtP{2010}

PfDzP{2020}

PfDfP{2050}

PfDzP{2100}

PfDtP{2150}

PfDzP{2200}

Representation f 0(1370) h1(1380) (1405) f 1(1420) (1420) f 2(1430) (1450) f 0(1500) f 1(1510) f 2(1525) f 2(1565) h1(1595) f 2(1640) 2(1645) (1650) 3(1670) (1680) f 0(1710) (1760) f 2(1810) 3(1850) 2(1870) f 2(1910) f 2(1950) f 2(2010) f 0(2020) f 4(2050) f 0(2100) f 2(2150) f 0(2200)

Table 3: PEN names (continued)

PEN name

PfJP{2220}

PGhP{2225}

PfDtP{2300}

PfDfP{2300}

PfDtP{2340}

PfDsP{2510}

PK, PKpm, PKmp, PKm, PKp

PKL, PKS, PKst

PAK, PAKst, PAKz

PKz, PKzL, PKzS

PKstDzP{800}

PKstP{892}

PKDoP{1270}

PKDoP{1400}

PKstP{1410}

PKstDzP{1430}

PKstDtP{1430}

PKP{1460}

PKDtP{1580}

PKP{1630}

PKDoP{1650}

PKstP{1680}

PKDtP{1770}

PKstDTP{1780}

PKDtP{1820}

PKP{1830}

PKstDzP{1950}

PKstDtP{1980}

PKstDfP{2045}

Representation Computer name f J(2220) f(J)(2220)0 (2225) eta(2225)0 f 2(2300) f(2)(2300)0 f 4(2300) f(4)(2300)0 f 2(2340) f(2)(2340)0 f 6(2510) f(6)(2510)0 Strange mesons (S = 1, C = B = 0) K, K, K , K, K+ K, K+-, K-+, K-, K+ KL, KS, K K(L), K(S), K* K, K , K 0 K-bar, K(*)-bar, K0-bar K0, K(L)0, K(S)0 K0, K0 , K0 S L K*(800)0 K(800) 0 K(892) K*(892)0,+ K1(1270) K(1)(1270)0,+ K1(1400) K(1)(1400)0,+ K(1410) K*(1410)0,+ K(0)*(1430)0,+ K(1430) 0 K2(1430) K(2)*(1430)0,+ K(1460) K(1460)0,+ K2(1580) K(2)(1580)0,+ K(1630) K(1630)0,+ K1(1650) K(1)(1650)0,+ K(1680) K*(1680)0,+ K2(1770) K(2)(1770)0,+ K(1780) K(3)*(1780)0,+ 3 K2(1820) K(2)(1820)0,+ K(1830) K(1830)0,+ K(1950) K(0)*(1950)0,+ 0 K2(1980) K(2)*(1980)0,+ K(2045) K(4)*(2045)0,+ 4

Table 3: PEN names (continued)

PEN name

PKDtP{2250}

PKDTP{2320}

PKstDFP{2380}

PKDfP{2500}

PKP{3100}

PD, PAD, PDz, PADz

PDpm, PDm, PDp

PDst, PDstpm, PDstm, PDstp

PDq, PADq, PDzq, PADzq

PDstzP{2007}

PDstmP{2010}, PDstpP{2010}

PDzDoP{2420}

10

PDmDoP{2420}, PDpDoP{2420}

PDstzDtP{2460}

PDstmDtP{2460}, PDstpDtP{2460}

PDstmP{2640}, PDstpP{2640}

PDs, PDpms, PDms, PDps

PDstpms, PDstms, PDstps

PDstmsJP{2317}, PDstpsJP{2317}

PDmsJP{2460}, PDpsJP{2460}

PDmsDoP{2536}, PDpsDoP{2536}

PDmsDtP{2573}, PDpsDtP{2573}

PB, PAB, PBz, PABz

PBpm, PBm, PBp

PBq, PABq, PBzq, PABzq

PBd, PABd, PBzd, PABzd

Representation Computer name K2(2250) K(2)(2250)0,+ K3(2320) K(3)(2320)0,+ K(5)*(2380)0,+ K(2380) 5 K4(2500) K(4)(2500)0,+ K(3100) K(3100)0,+ Charmed mesons (C = 1) D, D, D0, D 0 D, D-bar, D0, D-bar0 + D ,D ,D D+-, D-, D+ D, D, D, D+ D*, D*+-, D*-, D*+ 0 0 D(q), D(q)-bar, D(q)0, D(q)0-bar Dq, D q, Dq, D q 0 D(2007) D*(2007)0 + D(2010) , D(2010) D*(2010)-,+ 0 D1(2420) D(1)(2420)0 + D1(2420) , D1(2420) D(1)(2420)-,+ 0 D(2)*(2460)0 D2(2460) + D(2)*(2460)-,+ D(2460) , D(2460) 2 2 + D (2640) , D (2640) D*(2640)-,+ Charmed, strange mesons (C = S = 1) Ds, D, D, D+ D(s), D(s)+-, D(s)-, D(s)+ s s s + Ds , Ds , Ds D(s)*+-, D(s)*-, D(s)*+ + D (2317) , D (2317) D(sJ)*(2317)-,+ sJ sJ + DsJ(2460) , DsJ(2460) D(sJ)(2460)-,+ + Ds1(2536) , Ds1(2536) D(s1)(2536)-,+ + Ds2(2573) , Ds2(2573) D(s2)(2573)-,+ Bottom mesons (B = 1) B, B, B0, B 0 B, B-bar, B0, B-bar0 B, B, B+ B+-, B-, B+ Bq, B q, B0 , B 0 B(q), B(q)-bar, B(q)0, B(q)0-bar q q 0 0 Bd, B d, Bd, B d B(d), B(d)-bar, B(d)0, B(d)0-bar

Table 3: PEN names (continued)

PEN name

PBu, PABu, PBzu, PABzu

PBst, PBstp, PBstz

PBstDz, PBstpDz, PBstzDz

PBstDo, PBstpDo, PBstzDo

PBDoP{L}, PBpDoP{L}, PBzDoP{L}

PBDoP{H}, PBpDoP{H}, PBzDoP{H}

PBstDt, PBstpDt, PBstzDt

PBstJP{5732}, PBstpJP{5732}, PBstzJP{5732}

PBs, PABs, PBzs, PABzs

PBsts, PBstzs

PBstsDz, PBstzsDz

PBstsDo, PBstzsDo

PBsDoP{L}, PBzsDoP{L}

11
J/psi, J/psi(1S)

PBsDoP{H}, PBzsDoP{H}

PBstsDt, PBstzsDt

PBstsJP{5850}, PBstssJP{5850}

PBc, PBmc, , PBmpc, PBpc

PBstc, PBstpc

PBstcDz, PBstpcDz

PBstcDo, PBstpcDo

PBcDoP{L}, PBpcDoP{L}

PBcDoP{H}, PBpcDoP{H}

PBstcDt, PBstpcDt

PGhc, PGhcP{1S}

Representation Computer name Bu, B u, B0 , B 0 B(u), B(u)-bar, B(u)0, B(u)0-bar u u + 0 B ,B ,B B*, B*+, B*0 B(0)*, B(0)*+, B(0)*0 B, B+, B0 0 0 0 B(1)*, B(1)*+, B(1)*0 B, B+, B0 1 1 1 + 0 B1(L), B1(L) , B1(L) B(1)(L), B(1)(L)+, B(1)(L)0 + 0 B1(H), B1(H) , B1(H) B(1)(H), B(1)(H)+, B(1)(H)0 B(2)*, B(2)*+, B(2)*0 B, B+, B0 2 2 2 0 + B(J)*(5732), B(J)*(5732)+,0 B(5732), B(5732) , B(5732) J J J Bottom, strange mesons (B = 1, S = 1) Bs, B s, B0, B 0 B(s), B(s)-bar, B(s)0, B(s)0-bar s s B(s)*, B(s)*0 B, B0 s s 0 B(s0)*, B(s0)*0 Bs0, Bs0 B(s1)*, B(s1)*0 B , B0 s1 s1 0 Bs1(L), Bs1(L) B(s1)(L), B(s1)(L)0 0 Bs1(H), Bs1(H) B(s1)(H), B(s1)(H)0 0 B(s2)*, B(s2)*0 Bs2, Bs2 0 B(s)*(5850), B(s)*(5850)0 B (5850), B (5850) sJ sJ Bottom, charmed mesons (B = 1, C = 1) Bc, B, B+ B(c), B(c)-, B(c)+ c c + Bc , Bc B(c)*, B(c)*+ B , B+ B(c0)*, B(c0)*+ c0 c0 B , B+ B(c1)*, B(c1)*+ c1 c1 + Bc1(L), Bc1(L) B(c1)(L), B(c1)(L)+ + Bc1(H), Bc1(H) B(c1)(H), B(c1)(H)+ B , B+ B(c2)*, B(c2)*+ c2 c2 c/c mesons c , c (1S) eta(c), eta(c)(1S) J/ , J/ (1S) , c, c0(1P)
chi, chi(c), chi(c0)(1P)

PJGy, PJGyP{1S}

PGc, PGcc, PGccDzP{1P}

Table 3: PEN names (continued) Representation

c1(1P)

PEN name
chi(c1)(1P) h(c), h(c)(1P) chi(c2)(1P) eta(c)(2S) psi, psi(2S) psi(3770) X mesons, X(3872) psi(4040) psi(4160) psi(4415)

Computer name

PGccDoP{1P}

Phc, PhcP{1P}

PGccDtP{1P}
, (2S) (3770)

PGhcP{2S}

hc, hc(1P) c2(1P) c (2S)

PGy, PGyP{2S}

PGyP{3770}

PX, PXP{3872}

PGyP{4040}

PGyP{4160}

PGyP{4415}

X, X(3872) (4040) (4160) (4415) b/b mesons

b , b (1S) , (1S) , , , b0(1P) b1(1P) b2(1P) (2S) b0(2P) b1(2P) b2(2P) (3S) (4S) (10860) (11020)

PGhb, PGhbP{1S} Upsilon, Upsilon(1S)

eta(b), eta(b)(1S) Upsilon, Upsilon, Upsilon, Upsilon chi(b0)(1P) chi(b1)(1P) chi(b2)(1P) Upsilon(2S) chi(b0)(2P) chi(b1)(2P) chi(b2)(2P) Upsilon(3S) Upsilon(4S) Upsilon(10860) Upsilon(11020)

PGU, PGUP{1S}

12
Light baryons n, p, n, p

PGUpr, PGUprpr, PGUprprpr, PGUprprprpr

PGcbDzP{1P}

PGcbDoP{1P}

PGcbDtP{1P}

PGUP{2S}

PGcbDzP{2P}

PGcbDoP{2P}

PGcbDtP{2P}

PGUP{3S}

PGUP{4S}

PGUP{10860}

PGUP{11020}

Pn, Pp, PAn, PAp

n, p, n-bar, p-bar alpha (He++ nucleus)

PGa

N baryons

Table 3: PEN names (continued) Computer name

N resonances N(1440)0,+ N(1520)0,+ N(1535)0,+ N(1650)0,+ N(1675)0,+ N(1680)0,+ N(1700)0,+ N(1710)0,+ N(1720)0,+ N(1900)0,+ N(1990)0,+ N(2000)0,+ N(2080)0,+ N(2090)0,+ N(2100)0,+ N(2190)0,+ N(2200)0,+ N(2220)0,+ N(2250)0,+ N(2600)0,+ N(2700)0,+
baryons , , , , 1232 1600 1620 1700 1750 1900

PEN name

PN, PNp, PNz

PNP{1440}

PNP{1520}

PNP{1535}

PNP{1650}

PNP{1675}

PNP{1680}

PNP{1700}

PNP{1710}

PNP{1720}

PNP{1900}

PNP{1990}

PNP{2000}

PNP{2080}

13
Delta resonances

PNP{2090}

PNP{2100}

PNP{2190}

PNP{2200}

PNP{2220}

PNP{2250}

PNP{2600}

PNP{2700}

Representation N, N+, N0 N(1440) N(1520) N(1535) N(1650) N(1675) N(1680) N(1700) N(1710) N(1720) N(1900) N(1990) N(2000) N(2080) N(2090) N(2100) N(2190) N(2200) N(2220) N(2250) N(2600) N(2700)

PGD, PGDpp, PGDp, PGDz, PGDm

PGD{1232}

Delta(1232)-,0,+,++ Delta(1600)-,0,+,++ Delta(1620)-,0,+,++ Delta(1700)-,0,+,++ Delta(1750)-,0,+,++ Delta(1900)-,0,+,++

PGD{1600}

PGD{1620}

PGD{1700}

PGD{1750}

PGD{1900}

Table 3: PEN names (continued) Representation

1905 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 2000 2150 2200 2300 2350 2390 2400 2420 2750 2950 strange baryons , (1405) (1520) (1600) (1670) (1690) (1800) (1810) (1820) (1830) (1890) (2000) (2020)

PEN name
Delta(1905)-,0,+,++ Delta(1910)-,0,+,++ Delta(1920)-,0,+,++ Delta(1930)-,0,+,++ Delta(1940)-,0,+,++ Delta(1950)-,0,+,++ Delta(2000)-,0,+,++ Delta(2150)-,0,+,++ Delta(2200)-,0,+,++ Delta(2300)-,0,+,++ Delta(2350)-,0,+,++ Delta(2390)-,0,+,++ Delta(2400)-,0,+,++ Delta(2420)-,0,+,++ Delta(2750)-,0,+,++ Delta(2950)-,0,+,++ Lambda, Lambda-bar Lambda(1405)0 Lambda(1520)0 Lambda(1600)0 Lambda(1670)0 Lambda(1690)0 Lambda(1800)0 Lambda(1810)0 Lambda(1820)0 Lambda(1830)0 Lambda(1890)0 Lambda(2000)0 Lambda(2020)0

Computer name

PGD{1905}

PGD{1910}

PGD{1920}

PGD{1930}

PGD{1940}

PGD{1950}

PGD{2000}

PGD{2150}

PGD{2200}

PGD{2300}

PGD{2350}

PGD{2390}

PGD{2400}

PGD{2420}

14

PGD{2750}

PGD{2950}

PGL, PAGL

PGLP{1405}

PGLP{1520}

PGLP{1600}

PGLP{1670}

PGLP{1690}

PGLP{1800}

PGLP{1810}

PGLP{1820}

PGLP{1830}

PGLP{1890}

PGLP{2000}

PGLP{2020}

Table 3: PEN names (continued) Representation

(2100) (2110) (2325) (2350) (2585) strange baryons , , , , , +, 0
+ 0

PEN name
Lambda(2100)0 Lambda(2110)0 Lambda(2325)0 Lambda(2350)0 Lambda(2585)0 Sigma, Sigma-bar Sigma-,+,0,+Sigma*-,+, z Sigma resonances
+ 0

Computer name

PGLP{2100}

PGLP{2110}

PGLP{2325}

PGLP{2350}

PGLP{2585}

PGS, PAGS

PGSm, PGSp, PGSz, PGSpm

(. . .) (. . .) , (. . .) , (. . .) (1385) (1480) (1560) (1580) (1620) (1660) (1670) (1690) (1750) (1770) (1775) (1840) (1880) (1915) (1940) (2000) (2030) (2070) (2080)

PGSstm, PGSstp, PGSstz Sigma(...)-,0,+ Sigma(1385)-,0,+ Sigma(1480)-,0,+ Sigma(1560)-,0,+ Sigma(1580)-,0,+ Sigma(1620)-,0,+ Sigma(1660)-,0,+ Sigma(1670)-,0,+ Sigma(1690)-,0,+ Sigma(1750)-,0,+ Sigma(1770)-,0,+ Sigma(1775)-,0,+ Sigma(1840)-,0,+ Sigma(1880)-,0,+ Sigma(1915)-,0,+ Sigma(1940)-,0,+ Sigma(2000)-,0,+ Sigma(2030)-,0,+ Sigma(2070)-,0,+ Sigma(2080)-,0,+

PGSP{...}

PGSmP{...}, PGSpP{...}, PGSzP{...}

PGSP{1385}

PGSP{1480}

PGSP{1560}

15

PGSP{1580}

PGSP{1620}

PGSP{1660}

PGSP{1670}

PGSP{1690}

PGSP{1750}

PGSP{1770}

PGSP{1775}

PGSP{1840}

PGSP{1880}

PGSP{1915}

PGSP{1940}

PGSP{2000}

PGSP{2030}

PGSP{2070}

PGSP{2080}

Table 3: PEN names (continued) Representation

(2100) (2250) (2455) (2620) (3000) (3170) strange baryons , , 0, , 0

PEN name
Sigma(2100)-,0,+ Sigma(2250)-,0,+ Sigma(2455)-,0,+ Sigma(2620)-,0,+ Sigma(3000)-,0,+ Sigma(3170)-,0,+ Xi, Xi-bar Xi-, Xi0, Xi*-, Xi*0
0

Computer name

PGSP{2100}

PGSP{2250}

PGSP{2455}

PGSP{2620}

PGSP{3000}

PGSP{3170}

PGX, PAGX
(1530), (1530) , (1530) (1620) (1690) (1820) (1950) (2030) (2120) (2250) (2370) (2500) strange baryons , , (2250), (2250) (2380) (2470) c charmed baryons c, + c c(2593) c(2625)
+ + +

PGXm, PGXz, PGXstm, PGXstz Xi(1530),-,0 Xi(1620)-,0 Xi(1690)-,0 Xi(1820)-,0 Xi(1950)-,0 Xi(2030)-,0 Xi(2120)-,0 Xi(2250)-,0 Xi(2370)-,0 Xi(2500)-,0 Omega, Omega-bar, OmegaOmega(2250), Omega(2250)Omega(2380)Omega(2470)Lambda(c), Lambda(c)+ Lambda(c)(2593)+ Lambda(c)(2625)+ Lambda(c)(2765)+

PGXP{1530}, PGXmP{1530}, PGXzP{1530}

PGXP{1620}

PGXP{1690}

PGXP{1820}

PGXP{1950}

16
c(2765)

PGXP{2030}

PGXP{2120}

PGXP{2250}

PGXP{2370}

PGXP{2500}

PGO, PAGO, PGOm

PGOP{2250}, PGOmP{2250}

PGOP{2380}

PGOP{2470}

PGLc, PGLpc

PGLpcP{2593}

PGLpcP{2625}

PGLpcP{2765}

Table 3: PEN names (continued) Representation

c(2880) c charmed baryons c, c
+

PEN name
Lambda(c)(2880)+ Sigma(c), Sigma*(c)
0 c ++

Computer name

PGLpcP{2880}

PGSc, PGSstc
++, c +, c

PGSppc, PGSpc, PGSzc

c( ), c( ) c(2455) c(2520) c
++ ++

Sigma(c)++,+,0

PGScP{ }, PGSppcP{ }, PGSpcP{ }, PGSzcP{ }

, c( ) , c( )
Sigma(c)(2455)++,+,0 Sigma(c)(2520)++,+,0

Sigma(c) resonances

PGScP{2455}

PGScP{2520}

PGSstppc, PGSstpc, PGSstzc

, c , c( ) , c( ) c charmed baryons
Sigma(c)* resonances Xi(c), Xi(c)+, Xi(c)0
+ 0 + 0

, c

Sigma(c)*++,+,0

PGSstcP{ }, PGSstppcP{ }, PGSstpcP{ }, PGSstzcP{ }c( ), c( )

c, +, 0 c c c( ), c( ) , c( ) c(2645) c(2790) c(2815) c, c+, c0 , +, 0 c c c c charmed baryons

PGXc, PGXpc, PGXzc Xi(c) resonances Xi(c)(2645)+,0 Xi(c)(2790)+,0 Xi(c)(2815)+,0 Xi(c), Xi(c)+, Xi(c)0 Xi(c)*, Xi(c)*+, Xi(c)*0 Omega(c), Omega(c)0 Omega(c)*, Omega(c)*0
cc double charm baryons cc, + , ++ cc cc +, cc cc,+ cc ,+ cc cc ccc,++ ccc b bottom baryons +, cc ++ cc

PGXcP{ } PGSpcP{ }, PGSzcP{ }

PGXcP{2645}

17
c , 0 c ,0 c c cc double charm baryons ccc triple charm baryons

PGXcP{2790}

PGXcP{2815}

PGXprc, PGXprpc, PGXprzc

PGXstc, PGXstpc, PGXstzc

PGOc, PGOzc

PGOstc, PGOstzc

PGXcc, PGXpcc, PGXppcc

Xi(cc), Xi(cc)+, Xi(cc)++ Xi(cc)*, Xi(cc)*+, Xi(cc)*++ Omega(cc), Omega(cc)+ Omega(cc), Omega(cc)*+ Omega(ccc), Omega(ccc)++

PGXstcc, PGXstpcc, PGXstppcc

PGOcc, PGOpcc

PGOstcc, PGOstpcc

PGOccc, PGOppccc

Table 3: PEN names (continued) Representation

b, 0 b

PEN name
Lambda(b), Lambda(b)0
b charmed baryons b, b

Computer name

PGLb, PGLzb Sigma(b), Sigma*(b) Sigma(b)+,0,Sigma(b)*+,0,b botom baryons b, b, , b

PGSb, PGSstb
+, 0 , b b b +, 0, b b b

PGSpb, PGSzb, PGSmb

PGSstpb, PGSstzb, PGSstmb Xi(b), Xi(b)-, Xi(b)0 Xi(b), Xi(b)-, Xi(b)0 Xi(b)*, Xi(b)*-, Xi(b)*0
b bottom baryons

PGXb, PGXmb, PGXzb

PGXprb, PGXprmb, PGXprzb

PGXstb, PGXstmb, PGXstzb Omega(b), Omega(b)Omega(b)*, Omega(b)*Xi(bc), Xi(bc)+, Xi(bc)0 Xi(bc), Xi(bc)+, Xi(bc)0 Xi(bc)*, Xi(bc)*+, Xi(bc)*0 Omega(bc), Omega(bc)0 Omega(bc), Omega(bc)0 Omega(bc)*, Omega(bc)*0 Omega(bcc), Omega(bcc)+ Omega(bcc), Omega(bcc)*+
bb double bottom baryons bb, , 0 bb bb , bb bb, bb , bb bb , bb 0 bb

, 0 b b 0 b , b b , 0 b

PGOb, PGOmb
bc bottomcharm charm baryons bc, + , 0 bc bc
+ 0 bc, bc , bc + 0 bc, bc , bc

PGOstb, PGOstmb

b , b , b b

18
bc bottomcharm charm baryons bc,0 bc
0 bc,bc 0 bc,bc

PGXbc, PGXpbc, PGXzbc

PGXprbc, PGXprpbc, PGXprzbc

PGXstbc, PGXstpbc, PGXstzbc

PGObc, PGOzbc

PGOprbc, PGOprzbc

PGOstbc, PGOstzbc
bcc,+ bcc ,+ bcc bcc

bcc bottomdouble charm baryons

PGObcc, PGOpbcc

PGOstbcc, PGOstpbcc

PGXbb, PGXmbb, PGXzbb

Xi(bb), Xi(bb)-, Xi(bb)0 Xi(bb)*, Xi(bb)*-, Xi(bb)*0 Omega(bb), Omega(bb)Omega(bb)*, Omega(bb)*-

PGXstbb, PGXstmbb, PGXstzbb

bb double bottom baryons

PGObb, PGOmbb

PGOstbb, PGOstmbb

Table 3: PEN names (continued)

PEN name

PGObbc, PGOzbbc

PGOstbbc, PGOstzbbc

PGObbb, PGOmbbb

PSQ, PASQ

PSQL, PASQL, PSQR, PASQR

Representation Computer name bbc double bottomcharm baryons Omega(bbc), Omega(bbc)0 bbc, 0 bbc , 0 Omega(bbc)*, Omega(bbc)*0 bbc bbc bbb triple bottom baryons bbb, Omega(bbb), Omega(bbb)bbb Supersymmetric particles Squarks q, q q, q-bar q(L), q-bar(L), q(R), q-bar(R) q L, qL, q R, qR d, d
d(L), u, u(L), s, s(L), c, c(L), b, b1, b2, t, t1, t2, b(L), b-bar b-bar(L), b1-bar b2-bar t-bar t(L), t-bar(L), t1-bar t2-bar t(R), t-bar(R) b(R), b-bar(R) c-bar c-bar(L), c(R), c-bar(R) s-bar s-bar(L), s(R), s-bar(R) u-bar(L), u-bar u(R), u-bar(R) d-bar(L), d(R), d, d-bar d-bar(R)

PSQd, PASQd

PSQdL, PASQdL PSQdR, PASQdR

PSQu, PASQu

PSQuL, PASQuL PSQuR, PASQuR

19
b, b b L, bL, b R, bR b 1, b1 b 2, b2 t, t t L, tL, t R, tR t 1, t1 t 2, t2 Higgses
H-, H+, H+H++,

PSQs, PASQs

PSQsL, PASQsL PSQsR, PASQsR

PSQc, PASQc

PSQcL, PASQcL PSQcR, PASQcR

d L, dL, d R, dR u, u u L, uL, u R, uR s, s s L, sL, s R, sR c, c c L, cL, c R, cR

PSQb, PASQb

PSQbL, PASQbL PSQbR, PASQbR

PSQbDo, PASQbDo

PSQbDt, PASQbDt

PSQt, PASQt

PSQtL, PASQtL PSQtR, PASQtR

PSQtDo, PASQtDo

PSQtDt, PASQtDt

PSHm, PSHp, PSHpm

PSHpmpm

PSHzDo, PSHzDt, PSHzDT

H, H+, H H H0, H0, H0 1 2 3

H(1)0, H(2)0, H(3)0

Table 3: PEN names (continued) Computer name

h, h0 A, A0

PEN name

PSh, PShz

PSA, PSAz

Representation h, h0 A, A0 Gauge bosons g, W, W , W , W

0 +

PSg, PSGg W, Z, chi, chi0 chi(0,1), .., chi-, chi+, chi+chi(+,1)+ chi(+,2)+ chi(0,4) Z0 W+, W-, W+-

g (gluino),

gamma

PSW, PSWp, PSWm, PSWpm

PSZ, PSZz

PSGc, PSGcz

PSGczDo, PSGczDt, PSGczDT, PSGczDf

PSGcm, PSGcp, PSGcpm

PSGcmDo, PSGcpDo, PSGcpmDo

PSGcmDt, PSGcpDt, PSGcpmDt

Z, Z 0 , 0 0 0 0 1, 2, 3, 4 + , , + 1 , 1 , 1 + 2 , 2 , 2 Sleptons
l, e, mu, tau, nu, nu(e), nu(mu), nu(tau), nu-bar nu(e,L), nu(e,R) nu(mu,L), nu(mu,R) nu(tau,1), A, A0 (Axion) G, G (graviton, gravitino) g(A) (axigluon) Theta, Theta+ (pentaquark) Phi, Phi (pentaquark) nu(tau,2) mu(L)-, tau(L), e(L)-, l-bar, l(L), e(R)-, l(R) e(L), tau(R), e(R) mu(R)-, mu(L), mu(R) tau(1),

PSl , PASl , PSlL , PSlR

20
, L, R , 1, 2

l, l, l L, l R PSe, PSemL, PSemR, PSeL, PSeR e, e , e , e L, e R R L PSGm, PSGmmL, PSGmmR, PSGmL, PSGmR , L , R , L, R, PSGt, PSGtL,PSGtR, PSGtDo,PSGtDt, PSGtmDo,PSGtmDt , L, R, 1, 2, 1 , 2 PSGn, PASGn , PSGne, PSGneL, PSGneR e , eL, eR

tau(2),

tau(1)-,

tau(2)-

PSGnGm, PSGnGmL, PSGnGmR

PSGnGt, PSGnGtDo, PSGnGtDt

Special particles
0

PXXA, PXXAz

PXXG, PXXSG

PgA

PGT, PGTp

PGF, PGFmm

A, A G, G g0 A , + ,