University Of Science And Technology Chittagong (USTC)

Faculty Of Science Engineering And Technology (FSET)

REPORT ON COMPUTER NETWORK LAB. Date Of Experiment : Date Of Submission : Experiment number :

SUBMITTED BY: Mutmainnah Hasib (07070503) Batch ( II )

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING - (ETE)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TOPIC OBJECTIVES DESCRIPTION OF DEVICES USED WORKING PROCEDURE RESULT & ANALYSIS CONCLUSION

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OBJECTIVES
Designing a LAN. Use Ethernet cable(10 BaseT) and optical Fiber(FDDI) between host router & isp and calculate the delay and throughput and analize datas. Compare between the output differences,one using Ethernet cable & other using Optical fiber. Here, we will design a LAN for our FSET campus and we will find out either Ethernet cable or optical fiber is effective in LAN comparing the delay and throughput.

DESCRIPTION OF DEVICES USED

HOST(PC):?????????????????????????????????????????????????? ethernet_station The ethernet_station node model represents an Ethernet station. It can be connected to: 1) another Ethernet Station, 2) an Ethernet Hub, or 3) an Ethernet Bridge/Switch The Ethernet MAC handles transmission requests from the higher layers, encapsulates packets into Ethernet frames and sends these frames to the other side of the interface. The speed at which the MAC operates is governed by the data rate of the connected link. Protocols: IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet) Interconnections: Either of the following: 1) One 10BaseT connection 2) One 100BaseT connection 3) One 1000BaseX connection Port Interface Description: 1 Ethernet connection at 10 Mbps, 100 Mbps, or 1000 Mbps

Cables: ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????
100BaseT Cable

The 100BaseT duplex link represents an Ethernet connection operating at 100 Mbps. It can connect any combination of the following nodes (except Hub-to-Hub, which cannot be connected): 1) Station 2) Hub 3) Bridge 4) Switch 5) LAN nodes Packet Formats: ethernet Data Rate: 100 Mbps Restriction: This link can not be used to connect two Ethernet hubs. 10 base T koi???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? PPP DS1 : Connects two nodes running IP. Packet Formats: ip3_dgram Data Rate: DS1 (1.544 Mbps) FDDI:???? The FDDI link connects two FDDI devices to form an FDDI ring at 100 Mbps. It can also connect an FDDI device (e.g.station, bridge) to an FDDI hub. Packet Formats: 1. fddi_mac_tk 2. fddi_mac_fr Data Rate: 100 Mbps

IP Cloud : ???????????????????????????????????????????????
IP32_cloud 5

The ip32_cloud node model represents an IP cloud supporting up to 32 serial line interfaces at a selectable data rate through which an IP traffic can be modeled. IP packets arriving on any cloud interface are routed to the appropriate output interface based on their destination IP address. This cloud requires a fixed amount of time to route each packet, as determined by the "Packet Latency" attribute of the node. Packets are routed on a first-come-firstserve basis and may encounter queuing depending on the transmission rates of the corresponding output interfaces. Protocol: RIP, UDP, IP, OSPF, BGP, IGRP, TCP Interconnections: 32 Serial Line IP connections at a selectable data rate

SWITCH:
?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ethernet64_switch The ethernet64_switch node model represents a switch supporting up to 64 Ethernet interfaces. The switch implements the Spanning Tree algorithm in order to ensure a loop free network topology. Switches communicate with each other by sending Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDU's). Packets are received and processed by the switch based on the current configuration of the spanning tree. Protocols: Spanning Tree Bridge Protocol (IEEE 802.1D), Ethernet (IEEE 802.3) Interconnections: 64 Ethernet connections at the specified data rate (10, 100, 1000 Mbps) Restrictions: The switch can only connect LAN's of the same type (Ethernet to Ethernet, FDDI to FDDI, or Token Ring to Token Ring).

Server:
????????????????????????????????????????????? ethernet_server

The ethernet_server model represents a server node with server applications running over TCP/IP and UDP/IP. This node supports one underlying Ethernet connection at 10 Mbps, 100 Mbps, or 1 Gbps. The operational speed is determined by the connected link's data rate. Protocols: RIP, UDP, IP, TCP, Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, OSPF Interconnections: 1 Ethernet connection at 10 Mbps, 100 Mbps, or 1000 Mbps Port Interface Description: 1 Ethernet connection at 10 Mbps, 100 Mbps, or 1000 Mbps

ROUTER:
???????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ethernet4_slip8_gtwy The ethernet4_slip8_gtwy node model represents an IP-based gateway supporting four Ethernet hub interfaces, and eight serial line interfaces. IP packets arriving on any interface are routed to the appropriate output interface based on their destination IP address. The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) or the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol may be used to dynamically and automatically create the gateway's routingtables and select routes in an adaptive manner. This gateway requires a fixed amount of time to route each packet as determined by the "IP Routing Speed" attribute of the node. Packets are routed on a first-come-first-serve basis and may encounter queuing at the lower protocol layers, depending on the transmission rate of the corresponding output interface. Protocols: IP, UDP, RIP, Ethernet (IEEE 802.3), OSPF, SLIP Interconnections: 1) 4 Ethernet hub connections at selectable data rates 2) 8 Serial Line IP cnnections at selectable data rates. Restrictions: This model cannot serve as a source or as a final destination node. Port Interface Description: 4 Ethernet 10BaseT/100BaseT connections 2 Serial Line IP connections at selectable data rates 7

ethernet_fddi_slip8_gtwy: The ethernet_fddi_slip8_gtwy node represents an IP-based gateway supporting one Ethernet interface, one 100 Mbps FDDI interface, and up to 8 serial line interfaces at a selectable data rate. IP packets arriving on any interface are routed to the appropriate output interface based on their destination IP address. The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) or the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol may be used to automatically and dynamically create the gateway's routing tables and select routes in an adaptive manner. This gateway requires a fixed amount of time to route each packet, as determined by the "IP Forwarding Rate" attribute of the node. Packets are routed on a first-comefirst-serve basis and may encounter queuing at the lower protocol layers, depending on the transmission rates of the corresponding output interfaces. Protocols: RIP, UDP, IP, Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, FDDI, OSPF Interconnections: 1) 1 Ethernet connection at a selectable data rate 2) 1 FDDI hub connection at 100 Mbps 3) 8 Serial Line IP connections at a selectable data rate Restrictions:FDDI addresses must be consecutive (no gaps in numbering) and they must increase sequentially in the direction of the ring. General Function: gateway Supported Protocols: UDP, IP, Ethernet, FDDI, RIP, OSPF Port Interface Description: 1 Ethernet connection at 10 Mbps, 100 Mbps, or 1000 Mbps.1 FDDI connection at selectable data rates 8 Serial Line IP connections at selectable data rates

WORKING PROCEDURE
1. Open OPNET IT Guru Academic Edition 9.1

2.Click: file>new

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3.Select>Project

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4.Select >Project name & scenario name

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5. Select>Create Empty Scenario

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6. Select>Campus

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7. Specify the size of the area.

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8. Select the technology to use in network.here we select : Cisco,ethernet,ethernet_advanced,internet_toolbox,links,links_advanced & routers.

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9. Reviewing the technologies. We can click Back if any change needed.

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10. Now an empty scenario will come with an object palette

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11. Select ethernet_station from ethernet from pallet and drag it into the scenario.it will work as client pc.repet this 5 times

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12. Drag ethernet64_switch from ethernet & place it into scenario

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13. Place ethernet_server in scenario from ethernet.

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14. Now place 2 ethernet4_slip8_gtwy routers from internet toolbox .these 2 routers will represent the clients network router & isp router.

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15. Select ip32_cloud from internet_toolbox and place it.

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16. Connect all PC(1-5) with switch using 100BaseT, switch-router & router-router using 10BaseT & router-server using 100BaseT ,found from internet_tools.

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17. Connect ip32_cloud - router using PPP_DS1 ,found from internet_tools.check all connections by using check consistency of network links button.

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18. Place Application_ Config from internet_tools.Now select simulation>Choose individual statistics.

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19. Choose Global statistics>ethernet>delay, Trafficsink>>Traffic received[bits/sec],Traffic source>Traffic sent [bits/sec] and press OK.

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20. now click configure/run simulation button and set data (i.e duration-2 hours) then click RUN to run the simulation

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21. After completing simulation,close the window.

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22. Click view graphs and statistics of collected statistics>Global Statistics>Ethernet>Delay , Traffic sink> Traffic received [bits/sec] , Traffic source> Traffic sent [bits/sec].The grahps will be appeared on the right side of the window.For seperate graph we can select Ethernet>Delay , Traffic sink> Traffic received [bits/sec] , Traffic source> Traffic sent [bits/sec] individually. Click Show for a lerger view of the graph(s).Collect data from graph and CLOSE the window.

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23. Now going back to the scenario, replace ethernet4_slip8_gtwy with fddi2_slip8_gtwy from routers.

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24. Connect routers with FDDI from links. Remaining connections will be same as before. Now check all connections are ok or not as done previously

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25. This time run the simulation, find out graphs and collect result as done in step 20 to 23.

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RESULT & ANALYSIS

Case 1 : 10 BaseT; ethernet4_slip8_gtwy Avg. Delay (sec.) : .000556 Max. Traffic received (bits/sec) : 4575.61 Time : 1h 4m 45s Max. Traffic sent (bits/sec) : 10358.79 Time : 1h 4m 39s

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Case 2 : FDDI;ethernet_fddi_slip8_gtwy Avg. Delay(sec) : 0.000448 Max. Traffic received (bits/sec) : 6989.19 Time : 1h 2m 22s Max. Traffic sent (bits/sec) : 9320.98 Time : 1h 22m 38s

Analizing the Cases,it is clear that using optical fiber in a lan is much more efficient then using a rj45 cable

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CONCLUTION
The present fiber optic technology is limited by the use of electrical signals to route the data. The optical signals are converted into electrical signals for processing. Later these signals are again converted into optical signals and transmitted through fiber optic cables. Scientists are working on producing all optical networks, where the need for electric signals is completely eliminated. However, it is not easy to gather header and other routing information from the light waves that are transmitted through optical fibers.

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