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Goal 3: Promote Gender Equality and Women Empowerment Pakistan has defined four indicators for goal 3.

The first indicator is Gender Parity Index (GPI) for primary, secondary and tertiary education. At primary level the index in 1990-91 was 0.73 which has increased to 0.85 by 2004-05 and the MTDF has a target of 0.94 so that the GPI at primary level is achieved by 2015. However, it seems less likely to achieve the target unless more efforts are made. At secondary level index in 2004-05 is 0.83 but the MTDF target is 0.90 and the target for 2015 is 0.94 and that seems more likely to be achieved. The second indicator is the GPI of one in literacy rate by 2015; in 2004-05 index was just 0.67, and MTDF target of 0.85 and therefore GPI of 1 by 2015 seems quite unrealistic. Third, the share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sector which at present is around 10 percent and the MTDF target is 12 percent has been targeted to rise to 14 percent by 2015. It may be possible if the average targeted growth rate of GDP of 7.6 percent for the MTDF period is achieved. The fourth indicator is the proportion of seats held by women in national parliament and there has been significant improvement; from just 0.9 percent in the National Assembly and 1.0 percent in Senate, the female seats have gone up to 21 percent in National Assembly and 17 percent in Senate.

Target 4: Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education by 2005 and to all levels of education no later than 2015

Indicators

Definitions

1990-91

2000-01

2004-05

PRSP Target 2005-067

MTDF Target 2009-10

MDGs Targets 2015

Gender parity index (GPI) for primary, secondary and tertiary education

Proportion of girls enrolment at primary, secondary and tertiary levels in comparison with boys

Primary: Primary: Primary: Primary: Primary: 0.82, 0.85, 0.94, 1.00, Secondary: 0.731Secondary: Secondary: Secondary: Secondary: Secondary: 0.738 N.A 0.751 0.831 0.902 0.94

Youth literacy GPI

Proportion of females as compared with boys aged 1524 who can read and write

0.513

0.653

0.674

0.70

0.854

1.00

Share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sector (%)

The share/proportion of women employed in the nonagricultural wage sector

8.75

8.95 102

n/a

122

14

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament

Proportion of seats held by women in the national

National Assembly: 2/217 =0.9,

National Assembly: 72/342=

National Assembly: 72/342=

(%)

parliament

Senate: 1/87=16

21, Senate: 17/100 =176

21, Senate: 17/100 =176

Notes and Sources: 1. PIHS 1990-91, PIHS 2000-01, PSLM 2004-05 2. MTDF 2005-10 3. Ministry of Education. 4. Thematic Group on Education 5. Labour Force Survey 1991-92, 2001-02 6. Women and Men in Pakistan, Federal Bureau of Statistics 7. All PRSP targets are taken from Accelerating Economic Growth and Reducing Poverty: The Road Ahead. Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper, Government of Pakistan, December 2003. 8. A lower number for 2005-06 by the PRSP secretariat was estimated in 2002-03, while the 2004-05 number is based on PSLM 2004-05 survey.

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