Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Mixo Das
Tel: + 852 2252 1424 email: mixo.das@nomura.com
Any authors named on this report are strategists unless otherwise indicated. See the important disclosures and analyst certifications on pages 100 to 104.
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Source: wakwak.com
Note: JEQ US used Source: Bloomberg, Nomura International (HK) Investment Strategy
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China and US M2
(USD bn) 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 Jan-00 Jan-01 Jan-02 Jan-03 Jan-04 Jan-05 Jan-06 Jan-07 Jan-08 Jan-09 Jan-10 Jan-11 China M2 (US$bn) US M2 (US$bn)
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Fine Wine
(Index) 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Feb-88 Feb-89 Feb-90 Feb-91 Feb-92 Feb-93 Feb-94 Feb-95 Feb-96 Feb-97 Feb-98 Feb-99 Feb-00 Feb-01 Feb-02 Feb-03 Feb-04 Feb-05 Feb-06 Feb-07 Feb-08 Feb-09 Feb-10 Feb-11
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Deflation vs Inflation
Number of times the word "deflation" appears in the press Number of times the word "inflation" appears in the press
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10
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US asset weights percentage of outstanding publicly traded financial assets and cash
55% 50% 45% 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% Dec-51 Dec-55 Dec-59 Dec-63 Dec-67 Dec-71 Dec-75 Dec-79 Dec-83 Dec-87 Dec-91 Dec-95 Dec-99 Dec-03 Dec-07 Bonds Equities Cash
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1.0 0.8
Equities
Bonds
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
Note: Net flow of equities expressed as a percentage of market capitalisation and bonds as a percentage of the global bond market value. Source: Europerformance - Six Telekurs, ICI, IMA, BVI, Assogestioni, HKIFA, Fondbolagens Forening, BOPP,EPFR, Datastream and Nomura Equity Strategy
Notes: 1) Life & non-life insurance, private pension funds, State & Local retirement funds. 2) Q3 2010 figure does not include Euro-Area Source: FRB, TSE, ONS, ECB, Nomura strategy research
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13
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14
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Risk index
(Z score) 6 4 2 0 -2 Mar-00 Mar-01 Mar-02 Mar-03 Mar-04 Mar-05 Mar-06 Mar-07 Mar-08 Mar-09 Mar-10 Mar-11
Note: A composite index of EMBI Global Spread, VIX, MOVE, Corporate spread, Ted spread Source: Bloomberg, Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited Investment Strategy
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Asia ex-JP telecom services vs. MSCI far east excl. Japan US$
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Switch performances
Switch: Telecom relative to Airlines Switch: Telecom relative to listed stocks exchanges
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Productivity basket
Price Name KPS HTC ZTE Mesoblast Cochlear Perusahaan Mphasis Baidu Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited Ticker 051600 KS 2498 TT 763 HK MSB AU COH AU PGAS IJ MPHL IN BIDU US (local) 34,500.0 1,010.0 36.3 6.8 78.7 3,600.0 403.4 120.6 19
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Wage growth
Wage growth in Asia
Country China Thailand Singapore India Malaysia Korea Taiwan Hong Kong Average Data release %y-y Sep-10 14.0 Dec-10 9.3 Dec-10 7.5 Dec-10 5.7 Dec-10 5.1 Dec-10 4.3 Dec-10 3.7 Sep-10 0.6 6.3
Note: monthly earnings growth until 2007, total wage growth afterwards Source; CEIC, Nomura International (Hong Kong) limited Investment Strategy
Note: India data is from Cotton Textile Mills in Mumbai Source; CEIC, Nomura International (Hong Kong) limited Investment Strategy
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Degree of labour shortage faced by Hong Kong companies operating in China's Pearl Delta region
4150% 5.3% 3140% 6.7% 5160% 0.7% No shortage 9.3%
Note: Source:
Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited
Data show the percentage of labour unfilled against the existing labour force. A total of 222 companies with an average employment size of about 991 responded to the survey The Chinese Manufacturers' Association of Hong Kong, Nomura Global Economics
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Corn
Cotton
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24
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25
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Margin pressure
US Philly Fed index: prices paid minus prices received The frequency of price adjustments
Note: This table is based on answers to the question: how often do the prices of your most important products change in a typical year Source: Table 4.1, Alan S.Blinder, "ON Sticky Prices: Academic Theories Meet the Real World,: in N.G. Mankiw, ed., Monetary Policy (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994): 117-154
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US ISM
US ISM: new orders minus inventory index US ISM on supplier deliveries
30
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Note: Net Earnings Revisions %, (Up -Down) / Total. Source: IBES, Factset, Nomura Strategy
0 1970 1973 1976 1979 1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006 2009
Global P/B
4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 Jan-88 Jan-90 Jan-92 Jan-94 Jan-96 Jan-98 Jan-00 Jan-02 Jan-04 Jan-06 Jan-08 Jan-10
Global ROE
19 17 15 13 11 9 7 Jan-88 Jan-90 Jan-92 Jan-94 Jan-96 Jan-98 Jan-00 Jan-02 Jan-04 Jan-06 Jan-08 Jan-10
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US CEO survey: percentage of respondents expecting higher capital spending over the next six months 70
60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Nov-02 Nov-03 Nov-04 Nov-05 Nov-06 Nov-07 Nov-08 Nov-09 May-03 May-04 May-05 May-06 May-07 May-08 May-09 May-10 Nov-10
Note: Business Roundtable survey Source: Thomson Reuters Datastream, Nomura Investment Strategy
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80 70 60 Mar-00 Mar-01 Mar-02 Mar-03 Mar-04 Mar-05 Mar-06 Mar-07 Mar-08 Mar-09 Mar-10 Mar-11
45 40 Dec-92 Dec-93 Dec-94 Dec-95 Dec-96 Dec-97 Dec-98 Dec-99 Dec-00 Dec-01 Dec-02 Dec-03 Dec-04 Dec-05 Dec-06 Dec-07 Dec-08 Dec-09 Dec-10
Note: diffusion index Source: CEIC; Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited Investment Strategy
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Dec-10
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Source: St. Louis Fed, Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited Investment Strategy
Note: CPI adjusted real rates Source: Bloomberg, Nomura International (HK) Limited Investment Strategy
Source: Thomson Reuters Datastream, Nomura International (HK) Limited - Investment Strategy
Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited
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Titanium
Japan: titanium sponge export volume Chinas imports of aircraft, spacecraft, & parts thereof (6mma)
USD mn 1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 Jan-02 Jan-03 Jan-04 Jan-05 Jan-06 Jan-07 Jan-08 Jan-09 Jan-10 Jan-11 Jul-02 Jul-03 Jul-04 Jul-05 Jul-06 Jul-07 Jul-08 Jul-09 Jul-10
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R&D expenditure
China: estimated total R&D expenditure over the next five years Gross expenditure on R&D as a percentage of GDP
Note: most recent years Source: CEIC, National Bureau of Statistics of China, Nomura research Source: OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators (2009/1).
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45,000 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 Jun-06 Dec-07 Jun-09 Dec-10 Dec-01 Dec-04 Jun-03 Jun-04 Jun-07 Dec-02 Dec-03 Dec-05 Dec-06 Dec-08 Dec-09 Jun-10 Jun-02 Jun-05 Jun-08
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Machine tools
Ratio of CNC-enabled machine tools: Chinas ratio on par with that of Japan in the mid-1980s Machinery basket
Price Name Amada Daifuku Mori Seiki Komatsu Ltd Misumi Group Smc Corp Lonking holdings HCM Samsung Techwin Fanuc Sany Heavy equipment Ticker 6113 JP 6383 JP 6141 JP 6301 JP 9962 JP 6273 JP 3339 HK 6305 JP 012450 KS 6954 JP 631 HK (local) 607 521 891 2,504 1,784 13,220 4.8 1,921 70,600 11,580 11.5
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By sector
Regional sector Earnings momentum index 3.29 1.30 1.28 1.25 1.14 1.03 1.00 0.85 0.75 0.69 Previous month rank 1 2 5 4 3 9 8 6 10 7
Source: Worldscope, I/B/E/S, Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited Quantitative Strategies
Source: Worldscope, I/B/E/S, Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited Quantitative Strategies
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Note: Prices as of 15 March 2011. Criteria consensus ROE > 10%, P/BV lower than 3x, P/BV 1 STDEV below 5yr average, P/E lower than 10x, P/E 1 STDEV below 5yr average
Source: IBES, Bloomberg; Nomura International (Hong Kong) limited Quantitative Strategy
Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited 50
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Source: IBES, Bloomberg; Nomura International (Hong Kong) limited Quantitative Strategy
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Criteria: MSCI AC Asia ex Japan universe covered by Nomura, market cap (over US$2bn) and turnover (above US$5mn ADV) Note: Priced as of 11 March 2011 (per Quants Weekly) Source: Bloomberg; Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited Quantitative Strategies
Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited 52
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Gold
Gold-to-oil ratio Gold-to-S&P 500 ratio
Gold-to-corn ratio
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55
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Jan-11
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China A-share earning yields minus real deposit rate (CPI adjusted)
(%) 10.0 8.0 6.0 4.0 2.0 0.0 -2.0 Jan-00 Jan-01 Jan-02 Jan-03 Jan-04 Jan-05 Jan-06 Jan-07 Jan-08 Jan-09 Jan-10 Jan-11
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Note: real loan growth real interest rate REER appreciation (%y-y) Source: CEIC, Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited Investment Strategy
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A p r-0 5
A p r-0 6
A p r-0 7
A p r-0 8
A p r-0 9
Source: CEIC, Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited Investment Strategy Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited
A p r-1 0
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Basket performance
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Australia (I)
Australia vs World dividend yield
(%) 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Jan-88 Jan-90 Jan-92 Jan-94 Jan-96 Jan-98 Jan-00 Jan-02 Jan-04 Jan-06 Jan-08 Jan-10 Australia World
Australia
World
Jan-96
Jan-98
Jan-00
Jan-02
Jan-04
Jan-06
Jan-08
Source: Bloomberg, Nomura Strategy Insight, Nomura (Hong Kong) Investment Strategy Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited 64
Jan-10
Jan-11
2010
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Australia (II)
RBA rate forecast (%)
8 7 Estimate 6 5 4 3 2 Feb-00 Feb-01 Feb-02 Feb-03 Feb-04 Feb-05 Feb-06 Feb-07 Feb-08 Feb-09 Feb-10 Feb-11 (10) (20) (30) Jun-84 Jun-86 Jun-88 Jun-90 Jun-92 Jun-94 Jun-96 Jun-98 Jun-00 Jun-02 Jun-04 Jun-06 Jun-08 Feb-11 Jun-10
(index)
50 40 30 20 10 0 -10 -20 -30 Nov-90 Nov-92 Nov-94 Nov-96 Nov-98 Nov-00 Nov-02 Nov-04 Nov-06 Nov-08 Nov-10 Tight Loose
AU 10yr BE (LHS)
AOI (RHS)
3.0 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.2 May-10 Feb-10 Mar-10 Oct-10 Jan-10 Jun-10 Nov-10 Dec-10 Aug-10 Sep-10 Apr-10 Jan-11 Jul-10
Source: CEIC, Bloomberg, Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited Investment Strategy Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited
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New Zealand
Terms of trade (% y-y)
(%y-y) 20 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 Dec-80 Dec-82 Dec-84 Dec-86 Dec-88 Dec-90 Dec-92 Dec-94 Dec-96 Dec-98 Dec-00 Dec-02 Dec-04 Dec-06 Dec-08 Dec-10 5000 0 Oct-91 Oct-92 Oct-93 Oct-94 Oct-95 Oct-96 Oct-97 Oct-98 Oct-99 Oct-00 Oct-01 Oct-02 Oct-03 Oct-04 Oct-05 Oct-06 Oct-07 Oct-08 Oct-09 Dec-10 Oct-10 Mar-11 10000
FX reserves (US$mn)
25000 20000 15000
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Taiwan (I)
Taiwan: exports to mainland China (including re export)
NTD mn 250,000 200,000 150,000 100,000 50,000 0 Jan-01 Jan-02 Jan-03 Jan-04 Jan-05 Jan-06 Jan-07 Jan-08 Jan-09 Jan-10 Jan-11
Jan-00
Jan-02
Jan-04
Jan-06
Jan-08
Jan-10
Note: Jan and Feb growth are average of two months %y-y growth Source: CEIC, Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited Investment Strategy
Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited 67
Jan-10
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Taiwan (II)
Taiwan: government surplus or deficit (1 year rolling sum)
(NTDmn) 200,000 100,000 0 -100,000 -200,000 -300,000 -400,000 -500,000 -600,000 -700,000 -800,000 Dec-67 Dec-70 Dec-73 Dec-76 Dec-79 Dec-82 Dec-85 Dec-88 Dec-91 Dec-94 Dec-97 Dec-00 Dec-03 Dec-06 Dec-09
Note: M1B = currency in circulation + checking accounts and demand deposits + passbook savings deposits
Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited
Source: Bloomberg; CEIC, Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited Investment Strategy
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Taiwan (III)
Taiwan: M1 growth % y-y vs real deposit rates %
(%y-y) 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 Feb-01 Feb-02 Feb-03 Feb-04 Feb-05 Feb-06 Feb-07 Feb-08 Feb-09 Feb-10 Feb-11 M1B grow th %y-y (LHS) Real deposit rates (RHS) (%pa) 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4
Taiwan stock margin transactions: margin Taiwan fund flows: bond market ratio (%) Bond market: Monthly inflow (outflow)
(%)
(NTDbn)
75 65 55 45 35 25 15 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-98 Jan-99 Jan-00 Jan-01 Jan-02 Jan-03 Jan-04 Jan-05 Jan-06 Jan-07 Jan-08 Jan-09 Jan-10 Jan-11
250 200 150 100 50 0 -50 -100 May-04 May-05 May-06 May-07 May-08 May-09 May-10 Sep-04 Sep-05 Sep-06 Sep-07 Sep-08 Sep-09 Sep-10 Jan-04 Jan-05 Jan-06 Jan-07 Jan-08 Jan-09 Jan-10 Jan-11
Source: Central Bank of Republic of China (Taiwan; CEIC, Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited Investment Strategy
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Taiwan (IV)
Taiwan: export orders on hand MSCI Taiwan IT 12-month fwd P/E
70
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Korea (I)
Korea: current account balance (monthly) DRAM-to-oil ratio vs MSCI Korea rel to MSCI AP ex JP
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Korea (II)
Korea: KOSPI foreign shareholdings vs KOSPI index
MSCI Korea financials P/BV (x)
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India (I)
India: bank credit growth (% y-y) Indian industrial production (% y-y)
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India (II)
India reverse repo amt outstanding (net) India FX reserve growth vs MSCI India US$ relative to MSCI Far East US$
India current account balance vs MSCI India US$ relative to MSCI Far East US$
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India (III)
India: COGS of manufacturing companies India: sharply higher interest rates vs commodity prices
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Singapore (I)
Singapore: non oil exports in US$ % q-q Singapore trade balance SG$m
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Indonesia (I)
Indonesia car sales units Indonesia consumer confidence
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Indonesia (II)
Bank lending to the private sector (% y-y) Indonesia: CPI food (% y-y)
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Thailand (I)
Thailand industrial output (% q-q) Export growth (% y-y) (baht)
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Thailand (II)
Retail sales (% y-y) Thailand car sales
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Thailand (III)
Thailand government spending (rolling 12 Basic balance (US$ '000) months Bt m)
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Mauritius
Mauritius GDP breakdown (2009) Mauritius official international reserves
(US$mn) 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 Jan-02 Jul-02 Jan-03 Jul-03 Jan-04 Jul-04 Jan-05 Jul-05 Jan-06 Jul-06 Jan-07 Jul-07 Jan-08 Jul-08 Jan-09 Jul-09 Jan-10 Jul-10 Nov-10 Jan-11 Feb-11
85
Source: CIA Factbook, CEIC, Bloomberg, Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited Investment Strategy Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited
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Mongolia (I)
Total market capitalisation of Mongolia exchanges (US$mn)
2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 Oct-07 Oct-08 Oct-09 Oct-10 Jan-07 Jul-07 Jan-08 Jul-08 Jan-09 Jul-09 Jan-10 Jul-10 Jan-11 Apr-07 Apr-08 Apr-09 Apr-10
Source: IMF, CEIC, Bloomberg, Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited Investment Strategy
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Source: UNESCAP, Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited Investment Strategy Source: trans-siberian.su, Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited Investment Strategy
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5 Greater China Inc (RMB liberalisation theme) 5 ASEAN Banks 5 REITs 15 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 40 100 Soft commodities Corporate spending beneficiaries M&A basket Asian oil companies/ Energy Basket China property Blue chip basket Productivity basket Container shipping and port
China agri Canon Inc M1 CNOOC China overseas Land & Inv Samsung Electronics KPS NOL
* Note: Emerging market bilateral trade launched Aug 2005 and Rural consumption launched Jul 2006 merged into the return of the spice route; China/India consumption closed on 7 Dec 2010; Vice fund closed on 7 Dec 2010; Rare Earth metals closed on 10 Nov 2010; Asian high dividend yield closed on 18 Oct 2010; RMB appreciation beneficiaries basket closed on 7 Oct 2010.; Shipping and port basket closed on 30 Sep 2010; China Steel companies closed 27 Sep 2010; Petrodollar recycling closed on 23 February 2011 Source: Nomura
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3-Mar-11 Bullish Bullish Bullish Bearish Bullish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bullish Bullish Bullish Bullish Bullish Bearish Bearish Bullish Bearish Bullish Bearish Bearish
15-Feb-11 Bullish Bullish Bullish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bullish Bullish Bullish Bullish Bullish Bullish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bullish Bearish Bearish
6-Dec-10 Bullish Bearish Bullish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bullish Bullish Bullish Bullish Bullish Bullish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bullish Bearish Bearish
22-Nov-10 Bullish Bearish Bullish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bullish Bullish Bullish Bullish Bullish Bullish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bearish
17-Nov-10 Bullish Bearish Bullish Bearish Bullish Bearish Bearish Bullish Bullish Bullish Bullish Bullish Bullish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bearish
10-Nov-10 Bullish Bullish Bullish Bearish Bullish Bearish Bearish Bullish Bullish Bullish Bullish Bullish Bullish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bearish
9-Nov-10 Bullish Bullish Bullish Bearish Bullish Bearish Bearish Bullish Bullish Bullish Bullish Not rated Bullish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bearish
18-Oct-10 Bullish Bullish Bullish Bearish Bullish Bearish Bearish Bullish Bullish Bullish Not rated Not rated Bullish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bearish Bearish
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Valuation indicators and revision indices for major Asia-Pacific market indices (I)
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Valuation indicators and revision indices for major Asia-Pacific market indices (II)
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Appendix
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Note: * CPI refers to wholesale prices. published in Asia economic weekly on 4 March 2011 Source: CEIC, Bloomberg, Nomura Global Economics
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Note: Fiscal balances are for fiscal years which differ from calendar years for Australia (Jul-Jun), Hong Kong (Apr-Mar), India (Apr-Mar), New Zealand (Apr-Mar), Singapore (Apr-Mar) and Thailand (Oct-Sep). Fiscal data are for the central government and do not include off-budget. published in Asia economic weekly on 4 March 2011 Source: CEIC, Bloomberg, Nomura Global Economics.
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Note: All figures relate to the modal forecast, ie, the "most likely" outcome; published in Asia economic weekly on 4 March 2011 Source: CEIC, Bloomberg, Nomura Global Economics.
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ANALYST CERTIFICATION
We, Sean Darby, Amy Lee and Mixo Das, hereby certify (1) that the views expressed in this Research report accurately reflect our personal views about any or all of the subject securities or issuers referred to in this Research report, (2) no part of our compensation was, is or will be directly or indirectly related to the specific recommendations or views expressed in this Research report and (3) no part of our compensation is tied to any specific investment banking transactions performed by Nomura Securities International, Inc., Nomura International plc or any other Nomura Group company.
Important Disclosures
Conflict-of-interest disclosures Important disclosures may be accessed through the following website: http://www.nomura.com/research/pages/disclosures/disclosures.aspx . If you have difficulty with this site or you do not have a password, please contact your Nomura Securities International, Inc. salesperson (1-877-865-5752) or email grpsupport-eu@nomura.com for assistance. Online availability of research and additional conflict-of-interest disclosures Nomura Japanese Equity Research is available electronically for clients in the US on NOMURA.COM, REUTERS, BLOOMBERG and THOMSON ONE ANALYTICS. For clients in Europe, Japan and elsewhere in Asia it is available on NOMURA.COM, REUTERS and BLOOMBERG. Important disclosures may be accessed through the left hand side of the Nomura Disclosure web page http://www.nomura.com/research or requested from Nomura Securities International, Inc., on 1877-865-5752. If you have any difficulties with the website, please email grpsupport-eu@nomura.com for technical assistance. The analysts responsible for preparing this report have received compensation based upon various factors including the firm's total revenues, a portion of which is generated by Investment Banking activities. Industry Specialists identified in some Nomura International plc research reports are employees within the Firm who are responsible for the sales and trading effort in the sector for which they have coverage. Industry Specialists do not contribute in any manner to the content of research reports in which their names appear. Marketing Analysts identified in some Nomura research reports are research analysts employed by Nomura International plc who are primarily responsible for marketing Nomuras Equity Research product in the sector for which they have coverage. Marketing Analysts may also contribute to research reports in which their names appear and publish research on their sector. Distribution of ratings (Global) Nomura Global Equity Research has 2027 companies under coverage. 48% have been assigned a Buy rating which, for purposes of mandatory disclosures, are classified as a Buy rating; 38% of companies with this rating are investment banking clients of the Nomura Group*. 38% have been assigned a Neutral rating which, for purposes of mandatory disclosures, is classified as a Hold rating; 48% of companies with this rating are investment banking clients of the Nomura Group*. 12% have been assigned a Reduce rating which, for purposes of mandatory disclosures, are classified as a Sell rating; 13% of companies with this rating are investment banking clients of the Nomura Group*. As at 31 December 2010. *The Nomura Group as defined in the Disclaimer section at the end of this report.
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Explanation of Nomura's equity research rating system in Europe, Middle East and Africa, US and Latin America for ratings published from 27 October 2008
The rating system is a relative system indicating expected performance against a specific benchmark identified for each individual stock. Analysts may also indicate absolute upside to target price defined as (fair value - current price)/current price, subject to limited management discretion. In most cases, the fair value will equal the analyst's assessment of the current intrinsic fair value of the stock using an appropriate valuation methodology such as discounted cash flow or multiple analysis, etc. STOCKS A rating of 'Buy', indicates that the analyst expects the stock to outperform the Benchmark over the next 12 months. A rating of 'Neutral', indicates that the analyst expects the stock to perform in line with the Benchmark over the next 12 months. A rating of 'Reduce', indicates that the analyst expects the stock to underperform the Benchmark over the next 12 months. A rating of 'Suspended', indicates that the rating and target price have been suspended temporarily to comply with applicable regulations and/or firm policies in certain circumstances including when Nomura is acting in an advisory capacity in a merger or strategic transaction involving the company. Benchmarks are as follows: United States/Europe: Please see valuation methodologies for explanations of relevant benchmarks for stocks (accessible through the left hand side of the Nomura Disclosure web page: http://www.nomura.com/research);Global Emerging Markets (ex-Asia): MSCI Emerging Markets ex-Asia, unless otherwise stated in the valuation methodology. SECTORS A 'Bullish' stance, indicates that the analyst expects the sector to outperform the Benchmark during the next 12 months. A 'Neutral' stance, indicates that the analyst expects the sector to perform in line with the Benchmark during the next 12 months. A 'Bearish' stance, indicates that the analyst expects the sector to underperform the Benchmark during the next 12 months. Benchmarks are as follows: United States: S&P 500; Europe: Dow Jones STOXX 600; Global Emerging Markets (ex-Asia): MSCI Emerging Markets ex-Asia.
Explanation of Nomura's equity research rating system for Asian companies under coverage ex Japan published from 30 October 2008 and in Japan from 6 January 2009
STOCKS Stock recommendations are based on absolute valuation upside (downside), which is defined as (Target Price - Current Price) / Current Price, subject to limited management discretion. In most cases, the Target Price will equal the analyst's 12-month intrinsic valuation of the stock, based on an appropriate valuation methodology such as discounted cash flow, multiple analysis, etc. A 'Buy' recommendation indicates that potential upside is 15% or more. A 'Neutral' recommendation indicates that potential upside is less than 15% or downside is less than 5%. A 'Reduce' recommendation indicates that potential downside is 5% or more. A rating of 'Suspended' indicates that the rating and target price have been suspended temporarily to comply with applicable regulations and/or firm policies in certain circumstances including when Nomura is acting in an advisory capacity in a merger or strategic transaction involving the subject company. Securities and/or companies that are labelled as 'Not rated' or shown as 'No rating' are not in regular research coverage of the Nomura entity identified in the top banner. Investors should not expect continuing or additional information from Nomura relating to such securities and/or companies. SECTORS A 'Bullish' rating means most stocks in the sector have (or the weighted average recommendation of the stocks under coverage is) a positive absolute recommendation. A 'Neutral' rating means most stocks in the sector have (or the weighted average recommendation of the stocks under coverage is) a neutral absolute recommendation. A 'Bearish' rating means most stocks in the sector have (or the weighted average recommendation of the stocks under coverage is) a negative absolute recommendation.
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Explanation of Nomura's equity research rating system in Japan published prior to 6 January 2009 (and ratings in Europe, Middle East and Africa, US and Latin America published prior to 27 October 2008)
STOCKS A rating of '1' or 'Strong buy', indicates that the analyst expects the stock to outperform the Benchmark by 15% or more over the next six months. A rating of '2' or 'Buy', indicates that the analyst expects the stock to outperform the Benchmark by 5% or more but less than 15% over the next six months. A rating of '3' or 'Neutral', indicates that the analyst expects the stock to either outperform or underperform the Benchmark by less than 5% over the next six months. A rating of '4' or 'Reduce', indicates that the analyst expects the stock to underperform the Benchmark by 5% or more but less than 15% over the next six months. A rating of '5' or 'Sell', indicates that the analyst expects the stock to underperform the Benchmark by 15% or more over the next six months. Stocks labeled 'Not rated' or shown as 'No rating' are not in Nomura's regular research coverage. Nomura might not publish additional research reports concerning this company, and it undertakes no obligation to update the analysis, estimates, projections, conclusions or other information contained herein. SECTORS A 'Bullish' stance, indicates that the analyst expects the sector to outperform the Benchmark during the next six months. A 'Neutral' stance, indicates that the analyst expects the sector to perform in line with the Benchmark during the next six months. A 'Bearish' stance, indicates that the analyst expects the sector to underperform the Benchmark during the next six months. Benchmarks are as follows: Japan: TOPIX; United States: S&P 500, MSCI World Technology Hardware & Equipment; Europe, by sector - Hardware/Semiconductors: FTSE W Europe IT Hardware; Telecoms: FTSE W Europe Business Services; Business Services: FTSE W Europe; Auto & Components: FTSE W Europe Auto & Parts; Communications equipment: FTSE W Europe IT Hardware; Ecology Focus: Bloomberg World Energy Alternate Sources; Global Emerging Markets: MSCI Emerging Markets ex-Asia.
Explanation of Nomura's equity research rating system for Asian companies under coverage ex Japan published prior to 30 October 2008
STOCKS Stock recommendations are based on absolute valuation upside (downside), which is defined as (Fair Value - Current Price)/Current Price, subject to limited management discretion. In most cases, the Fair Value will equal the analyst's assessment of the current intrinsic fair value of the stock using an appropriate valuation methodology such as Discounted Cash Flow or Multiple analysis etc. However, if the analyst doesn't think the market will revalue the stock over the specified time horizon due to a lack of events or catalysts, then the fair value may differ from the intrinsic fair value. In most cases, therefore, our recommendation is an assessment of the difference between current market price and our estimate of current intrinsic fair value. Recommendations are set with a 6-12 month horizon unless specified otherwise. Accordingly, within this horizon, price volatility may cause the actual upside or downside based on the prevailing market price to differ from the upside or downside implied by the recommendation. A 'Strong buy' recommendation indicates that upside is more than 20%. A 'Buy' recommendation indicates that upside is between 10% and 20%. A 'Neutral' recommendation indicates that upside or downside is less than 10%. A 'Reduce' recommendation indicates that downside is between 10% and 20%. A 'Sell' recommendation indicates that downside is more than 20%. SECTORS A 'Bullish' rating means most stocks in the sector have (or the weighted average recommendation of the stocks under coverage is) a positive absolute recommendation. A 'Neutral' rating means most stocks in the sector have (or the weighted average recommendation of the stocks under coverage is) a neutral absolute recommendation. A 'Bearish' rating means most stocks in the sector have (or the weighted average recommendation of the stocks under coverage is) a negative absolute recommendation.
Target Price
A Target Price, if discussed, reflect in part the analyst's estimates for the company's earnings. The achievement of any target price may be impeded by general market and macroeconomic trends, and by other risks related to the company or the market, and may not occur if the company's earnings differ from estimates.
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