Leon 1 : Bienvenue ! ( Welcome !

)

I. Greeting someone.

Formal Friendly / Familiar
- Bonjour Monsieur / Madame / Mademoiselle

- Bonjour + Prnom (Christian name)
- Salut
- Bonjour.
- Bonsoir (only used in the evening)

Bonjour : hello ! good morning ! good afternoon.
Bonsoir : good evening !
Salut : hi !

Monsieur + name : Monsieur Dor. Monsieur Paul Dor.
Abbreviation (Mr) : M. M. Dor. M. Paul Dor.

Madame + last name : Madame Dor. Madame Aline Dor.
Abbreviation (Mrs): Mme Mme Dor. Mme Aline Dor.

Mademoiselle : Mademoiselle LU.
Abbreviation (Miss): Mlle Mlle LU Wan.



II. Introducing oneself.

By using the verb tre By using the verb sappeler
Je suis
M. Dor.
Mme Ferro.
Mlle Lu
Je mappelle
Jacques Dor.
Lucie Ferro.
LU Wan

Grammar : Conjugation
Le verbe tre ( to be ) Le verbe sappeler ( ones name is )
[1]

Je suis ( I am ... ) Je mappelle ( My name is ... )
Tu es ( You are ...)
[2]
Tu tappelles ( Your name is ... )
Vous tes ( Your are...)
[2]
Vous vous appelez ( Your name is ... )
Il est ( He is ...)
[3]
Il sappelle ( His name is ... )
Elle est ( She is ...)
[3]
Elle sappelle ( Her name is ... )
[1] - sappeler [ to call oneself ] : Je mappelle [ I call myself ], etc.
- French verb forms can be divided into 2 parts :
(a) the basic part that shows the meaning of the verb : the stem ( appel_ )
(b) the ending part that shows the verbs relationship with its subject : the ending
- the verbs endings : _e , _es are not pronounced while the endings _er & _ez are pronounced as |e].
[2] 2 ways to say the subject you (singular ) : (a) familiar form : tu (b) polite form : vous
Generally, one uses tu to show intimacies, such as familiar members, relatives, closed friends, children,
pets and vous to show politeness and distance ( strangers, people who are not ones friend, ) tu and
vous both correspond to the singular you in English :
[3] il and elle are used to replace a person ( he / she ) as well as a thing ( it ). il is masculine, elle feminine.

III. Asking / providing with someones identity.
What is his name ? : - Il sappelle comment ?
What is her name ? : - Elle sappelle comment ?
His name is : - Il sappelle Paul CHEUNG..
Her name is : - Elle sappelle Ann TSUI.

Who is this (he/she) ? : Qui est-ce ? / Cest qui ? / Qui cest ?
This(he/she) is... : - Cest May LEE. - Cest Paul CHEUNG.
This(he/she) is my wife / my husband... : - Cest ma femme. - Cest mon mari
Attention : The neuter Pronoun Ce / C [ before the verb tre ]


IV. Asking / Giving ones name

Question Answer
Comment vous vous appelez?
Vous vous appelez comment ?
(Tu tappelles comment ?)
Je mappelle Jacques / Aline.
Comment il sappelle?
Comment elle sappelle?
Il/Elle sappelle comment ?
Il sappelle Jacques.
Elle sappelle Aline.


V. About ones nationality.

Male

Je suis
Tu es
Vous tes

Il est
chinois
franais
italien
belge
Female

Je suis
Tu es
Vous tes

Elle est
chinoise
franaise
italienne
belge

Grammar :

French Adjectives / Les adjectifs :
Descriptive adjectives (adjectifs qualificatifs)
- Adjectives, used to provide extra information on nouns (or pronouns), agree in gender
(masculine/feminine) and number (singular/plural) with the noun (or pronoun) they modify.

Position :
In English as well as in Chinese, descriptive adjectives precede the noun. In French, except a
small number of exceptions, adjectives NORMALLY follow the noun. And adjectives of colour,
religion or nationality ALWAYS follow the noun.
Before a vowel sound :
the final _e is deleted
and replaced by an
apostrophe : c
- Adjectives of Nationality
Making the adjective of nationality feminine :

1. By adding the feminine mark _e at the end of the adjectives unmarked form (unmarked
form is the word form given in dictionaries= masculine singular form.).

(a) chinois |jinwa] chinoise |jinwaz]
franais |Inusc] franaise |Inuscz]
allemand |almu] allemande |almu d]

(b) espagnol |cspapal] espagnole |cspapal]

2. Adjectives ended with _ien | jc] _ienne |jcn]
italien |italjc ] italienne |italjcn]
australien |ostnaljc ] australienne |ostraljcn]

Adjectives ended with _en _enne
coren |kanec] corenne |kanecn]
europen |onapec ] europenne |onapecn]


3. Adjectives unmarked form ended with _e no change in feminine.
suisse |sqis] suisse |sqis]
belge |bclj] belge |bclj]


4. Adjectives with a more complex feminine mark.

grec |qnck] grecque |qnck] note : _c becomes _cque
turc |tynk] turque |tynk] note : _c becomes _que
===============================================

Difference in oral : in the
feminine form, the final _e
makes the final consonant
letter pronounced (the sound
[z] & [d] in the examples).
No difference in
pronunciation.
No difference in
pronunciation.