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PROBLEM OF ADEQUATE TERMINOLOGY IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ON AUTOMATIC ELECTRIC DRIVE


O. Koznodiy, Master, M. Gordiyenko, PhD (Ped.), Assoc. Prof. Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskiy National University E-mail: maya_gordiyenko@mail.ru Introduction. The international cooperation in science and engineering became a request of time, not wish. As the decision making in solving the problems facing the mankind depends on correct communication of scientists from different countries. The European Research Area is composed of all research and development activities, programmes and policies in Europe which involve a transnational perspective. Together, they enable researchers, research institutions and businesses to increasingly circulate, compete and co-operate across borders. The aim is to give them access to a Europewide open space for knowledge and technologies in which transnational synergies and complementarities are fully exploited[2]. Under the circumstances the problem of adequate use of technical terminology becomes urgent in scientific research in different countries, as incorrect use of terms may bring to serious problems and sometimes damages. Objectives. Development of procedure for compiling the English-Ukrainian-Russian and Ukrainian-RussianEnglish dictionary on automatic electric drive. The materials and outcomes. The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) tries to solve the problem of terminology. Standards of IEC contain categories that have classification of items, their requirements and methods of testing. In all categories of IEC the correct use of terminology is emphasized. For compiling the English-Ukrainian-Russian and Ukrainian-Russian-English dictionary we use teaching material in the subject Automati Electric Drive of Typical Industrial Mechanisms. This subject focuses the students attention on technological peculiarities of different industrial machineries and units operation, rational design of their electric drives, construction principles of their control systems based on automatic electric drives and computerized automation equipment. The task for studying this subject is to acquire skills to solve a range of problems on mechanisms behavior research. These mechanisms are conveyors, excavators, industrial manipulators and robots, pumps, fans, compressors, metal-cutting machines, lifts, elevators etc. Taking into account the significance, actuality for scientific problems and many special terms requiring English equivalents we have chosen the theme Peculiarities of pump units functioning. As an example, lets take the sentence from the text on the principle of rotary pump functioning: This kinetic energy of a liquid coming out of an impeller is harnessed by creating a resistance to the flow [3, p.3]. The term resistance in the electronic dictionary ABBY Lingvo x3 in the chapter "Engineering" has the meanings: 1) , , 2) , 3) . , . The International Electrotechnical Dictionary proposes two meanings of the term resistance:1) 131-12-04 resistance (1) for a resistive two-terminal element or two-terminal circuit with terminals A and B, quotient u of the voltage uAB between the terminals by the electric current i in the element or circuit: R = AB ,where the electric i current is taken as positive if its direction is from A to B and negative in the opposite case; 2) 131-12-45 resistance (2) real part of an impedance Z : R = Re(Z ) [1]. New IEEE Standard Dictionary of Electrical and Electronics Terms give following definitions for resistance (1) (network analysis). (A) That physical property of an element, device, branch, network, or system that is the factor by which the mean-square conduction current must be multiplied to give the corresponding power lost by dissipation as heat or as other permanent radiation or loss of electromagnetic energy from the circuit. (B) The real part of impedance. (2) (shunt). The quotient of the voltage developed across the instrument terminals to the current passing between the current terminals. In determining the value, account should be taken of the resistance of the instrument and the measuring cable. (3) (automatic control). A property opposing movement of material, or flow of energy, and involving loss of potential (voltage, temperature, pressure, level) [4]. We see that none of these explanations is right for correct translation of the sentence, as in the text it doesnt mean an electric resistance but the resistance of flow (liquid). So the definition of this term is better to look for in the word combination resistance to flow, e.g. The resistance to flow in a liquid can be characterized in terms of the viscosity of the fluid if the flow is smooth [5]. But this meaning explains only resistance in the laminar flow of liquid. It does not explain such phenomena as flow resistance for a tube, drag, hydrodynamic resistance, or the resistance to the movement of an object through a fluid. That is why while compiling the dictionary of automatic electric drive we should take into consideration all aspects and should definite the equivalents within the definite context So the terms should be considered as the words which have some technical meaning and it can be changed due to the branch, where it uses. We divided the process of compiling the dictionary on the automatic electric drive into three stages:

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. . . The stage of special terminology choosing, which includes the choice of terms from the lecture course "Automatic Electric Drive of Typical Industrial Mechanisms". The stage of looking for equivalents, which includes finding the terms in the International Electrotechnical Dictionary, New IEEE Standard Dictionary of Electrical and Electronics Terms, studying and scientific literature in English. The stage of compiling the dictionary which includes looking for the terms definitions and translation into Ukrainian and Russian. At the first stage we have analyzed the structure of the course "Automatic Electric Drive of Typical Industrial Mechanisms". The subsections of the dictionary we have decided to form are: Control Systems, Hydrotransport Systems, and Electric Drive. At the second stage we have looked for equivalent terms in English. At the beginning we translated the terms with electronic dictionary ABBYY Lingvo x3. Though this dictionary consists of more than 150 universal and special vocabularies, we couldnt find many terms on automatic electric drive. So we tried to find terms in studying and scientific literature in English and the Internet-sites of leading foreign manufacturers of equipment. At this stage we faced some difficulties due to the polysemy of words. At the third stage we have looked the definitions of terms through the Multilanguage Search System Google (www.google.com), dictionaries and specialised glossaries with the help of key words. After that we have made translation of words and their definitions into Russian and Ukrainian. Stages of compiling the dictionary are represented as a diagram shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1 Stages of compiling the English-Ukrainian-Russian and Ukrainian-Russian-English dictionary on automatic electric drive Conclusions. It has been proved that to know technical foreign terminology in electromechanics and electrotechnics it is required compiling the English-Ukrainian-Russian and Ukrainian-Russian-English dictionaries and glossaries which meet generally excepted world standards. The analysis of the problems faced during the compiling such dictionaries we have developed the way of looking for special terms which including not only International Electrotechnical Dictionary and New IEEE Standard Dictionary of Electrical and Electronics Terms but special English literature too. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Electropedia: The World's Online Electrotechnical Vocabulary. : http://www.electropedia.org. 2. European Commission. European Research Area. http://ec.europa.eu/research/era/understanding/what/what_is_era_en.htm 3. Mukesh Sahdev: Centrifugal Pumps: Basics Concepts of Operation, Maintenance, and Troubleshooting, Part I. - http://www.cheresources.com/ 4. New IEEE Standard Dictionary of Electrical and Electronics Terms. IEEE, 1992. 1620 p. 5. Poisuille's law concepts, Laminar Flow. http://hyperphysics.phyastr.gsu.edu/hbase/poicon.html

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