THERMODYNAMICS LABORATORY REPORT

EXPERIMENT 2: HEATING PROCESS.

MUBARAK SANI YUNUSA 1000717083

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE & BUILT ENVIRONMENT

JULY 2009

TABLE OF CONTENT

1. INTRODUCTION 2. RESULTS 3. ASSIGNMENT 4. ANSWERS TO ASSIGNMENT 5. DISUSSION

6. CONCLUSION

7. LIMITATIONS 8. THE PSYCHOMETRIC CHART

Introduction: The general objective of this experiment is to study the heating effects and to determine the heating power of heaters. The materials used for this experiment is a full ACU air conditioning unit apparatus. Results: Air Duct Cross Sectional Area, A = Specific heat capacity of air Cp 0.09 .m2

= 1.006 .kj/kg.k

Heater Power, P Inlet Air Temperature, AT2 Inlet Air Relative Humidity, AH2 Outlet Air Temperature, AT3 Outlet Air Relative Humidity, AH3 Orifice Differential Pressure, DP Specific Volume of Outlet Air, v Absolute Humidity of Out let Air Orifice Differential Pressure DP Air Mass Flow rate ma Heating Power, Q Heat Transfer Efficiency

(KW) (oC) (%) (oC) (%) (Pa) m2/kg dry air kg/kg dry air mmH2O kg/s KW %

1 27.5 57.5 29.4 51.9 22.1 0.875 0.013 2254.2 2.986 5.707 570.7%

Orifice Differential Pressure DP = 0.102 x DP = 0.102 x 22100 = 2254.2 mmH2O ma = 0.0592 DP . v(1+ ) = 0.0592 2254.2 0.875(1+0.013) = 2.986kg/s

Q = ma x Cp x (AT3 AT2) = 2.986 x 1.006 x (29.4 27.5) = 5.707 KW Efficiency = (Q / P) x 100% = (5.707 / 1) x 100% = 570.7%

Assignments:
1. Plot these two state points on the psychometric chart 2. Calculate the heating power of the heater Q. 3. Draw a line from the inlet to outlet of the temperature at the interception

Answers to assignment:

Q = ma x Cp x (AT3 AT2) = 2.986 x 1.006 x (29.4 27.5) = 5.707 KW

Discussion: This experiment was basically about studying the heating effect of an ACU and determining the heating power of the heater. It was performed using an application of the ACU which is heating. The procedure of the experiment is as follows; the radial fan was switched on and it was made to run at maximum speed. The pre heater was switched on and set to 1kW, then the temperature and relative humidity of the pre-heater at the inlet (AT2, and AH2 respectively) and at the outlet (AT3 and AH3 respectively) was then recorded after the process had stayed for 15 minutes to stabilize. The differential pressure across the orifice was then recorded.

In this experiment after the procedure some other parameters were found to be used in accomplishing the aim if this experiment examples of these parameters are the Specific Volume of Outlet Air, Absolute Humidity of Out let Air which was gotten from a chart called the psychometric chart and Orifice Differential Pressure, Air Mass Flow rate, Heating Power, Heat Transfer Efficiency were gotten from formulas provided. A psychometric chart is a graph of the physical properties of moist air at a constant pressure (often equated to an elevation relative to sea level). The chart graphically expresses how various properties relate to each other, and is thus a graphical equation of state. The thermo physical properties found on most psychometric charts are dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, dew point, relative humidity, humidity ratio, specific enthalpy and specific volume.

Conclusion: I have been able to study the heating effects of an ACU, determine the heating power of heaters use psychometric chart to determine parameters and use them to determine others therefore I have successfully achieved the aim of this experiment

Limitations of experiment: There were no limitation, the experiment was performed with ease and achieved successfully.