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NDICE

PARTE I INTERPRETAO DE TEXTO........................................................ PARTE II GRAMTICA ........................................................ 1. Verb to be Present Tense ......................................................... 2. Proomes Pessoais ........................................................ 3. Possessive and adjectives pronouns ........................................................ 4. Verb there to be Present Tense ........................................................ 5. Present Continuous Tense ...................................................... 6. Simple Presente Tense ........................................................ 7. Verb to be Past Tense ...................................................... 8. Verb there to be Past Tense ......................................................... 9. Pronomes Interrogativos ......................................................... 10. The Past Continuous Tense ....................................................... 11. Simple Past Tense............................................................................................. 12. The Simple Future Tense (will + verbo) ....................................................... 13. Future with going to ...................................................... 14. Adjectives ......................................................................................................... BIBLIOGRAFIA

5 21 22 23 24 26 26 28 30 30 31 32 33 36 37 38 41

PART I Reading Comprehension

ACTIVITY 1

Voc sabia que a alimentao mais popular em todo o mundo, em se tratando de fast food o hamburguer? Sua histria comeou em 1904.Vamos conhec-la, lendo o texto. HAMBURGER The Hamburger, introduced by Germans at World's Fair in St. Louis, Missouri in 1904, is named for the port Hamburg in Germany. The name "hamburger" comes from beef in a bun there isn't any ham in it. Today, the hamburger is the most popular fast food in the world and twelve thousand people order one ia tile United States every minute! You can have lots of different styles of hamburgers or you can order other things in a bun. Next time, try a fishburger, a chickeburger or even a veggieburger.

Vocabulary Germans: alemes Fair: feira Bun: bolo Hans: presunto Town: cidade To order: pedir Things: coisas Next time: prxima vez Even: ainda To try: tentar, experimentar

Exercises 1- Quando e onde surgiu o hamburger? _______________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 2- Quais os ingredientes de um hamburger? ____________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 3- Quais variaes do hamburger tradicional que o texto sugere? ___________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 4- Assinale a correta:
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No texto o pronome it refere-se a: ( ) beef ( ) ham ( ) bum ( ) hamburger

ACTIVITY 2

WILD FRUIT CREAM

The Marula tree, indigenous to the southern latitudes of subequatorial Africa, and know by the local inhabitants as the elephant for its fruit. The wild tree, never cultivated by man, bears small yellow fruit in great profusion, providing a nourishing harvest of food and an occasion for the animal kingdom. The fruit, unique in taste and extremely rih in vitamin C, has for many centuries been used by man as source of both food and drink.

Exercises 1. Assinale as alternativas corretas de acordo com o texto: ( ( ( ( ( ) ) ) ) ) A amarula feita a partir de uma fruta siIvestre. A rvore da amarula nunca foi cultivada pe1o homem. A fruta da amarula rica em vitamina C. Por muitos sculos a fruta da amarula vem sendo utilizada na produo de bebidas alcolicas. A amarula conhecida como rvore do elefante, pois a nica fonte de alimento deste animal.

ACTIVITY 3

Voc gosta dos Beatles? O que voc sabe sobre este grupo que fez muito sucesso na dcada de 60? Leia texto e descubra.

THE BEATLES The Beatles were the most famous pop group in history. It was formed by four Englishmen: George Harrison (1943 Star(1940). ), John Lennon (1949 - 1980), Paul MacCartney (1942),and Ringo

Ringo Star played the drums, and the others played the guitar. They all sang. Lennon and MacCartney wrote most of songs, but Harrison and Star wrote songs too. All the four of them were born in Liverpool, England. In 1960 they formed The Beatles". During the 60's, The Beatles revolutionized pop music and today their songs are rock'n roll classics. The group parted in the beginning of the 1970's, for persona1 and commercial reasons. Nowadays, Paul, Ringo and Geroge have their ownbands and solo carerers.
(From: Book Five Fisk)

Exercises 1. Fill in this file card based on the text: Group: __________________________________________________________________________ Nationality: ______________________________________________________________________ Place of birthday: _________________________________________________________________ Group formation: _________________________________________________________________ Group separation: ________________________________________________________________ Jonh Lennons death: ______________________________________________________________ Age: Georges: ___________________________________________________________________
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Pauls ______________________________________________________________________ Ringo's _____________________________________________________________________

ACTIVITY 4

BRAZIL INDUSTRY Rapid industrialization, beginning with Word War I, has characterized the most recent phase of Brazilian's economic development. The cities of Sao Paulo, SP, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Recife, PE, and, later, Belo Horizonte, MG, Porto Alegre, RS and Salvador, BA, have become important industrial centers. The steel plant Volta Redonda, RJ, built in 1946 with technical and financial assistance from the United States, is among the largest industrial projects in Latin America, and steel production is rapidly increasing. Brazil also produces a great variety of manufactured goods, of which textiles are the most important. Other products include all types of machinery, automobiles, tires and other rubber commodities, aluminum articles, eletric appliances, and shoes. The value of industrial production is only slightly less than of agricultural production. To serve these growing industries, electric production has been greatly increased. It is estimated that Brazil, with its many vast rivers, has potential of 14,500,000 KW, although only a fraction of this has yet been developed. The most import hydroelectric power project is at Paulo Afonso on the So Francisco River.
Fonte: Revista Manchete Edico Especial

Exercises 1. Responda de acordo com o texto: a) Quais cidades brasileiras so importantes centros industriais? ________________________________________________________________________________ b) Cite alguns produtos produzidos pelas indstrias brasileiras. ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Assinale a alternativa correta: - O que no se produz no Brasil, segundo o texto? a. Calados b. Produtos eletrnicos c. Ao d. Produtos txteis e) Pneus

- Segundo o texto, o potencial hidreltrico no Brasil: a. No totalmente aproveitado.

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b. utilizado, inclusive, na produo agrcola do pas. c. aproveitado, parcialmente, na fabricao de automveis e mquinas de grande porte. d. o maior da Amrica Latina. e. um dos maiores do mundo.

ACTIVITY 5

ADVERTIS1NG TRAINEES

Are you young, bright, and eager to have a career in Advertising a Comnunications? We need new people to plan a create advertising campaigns. We will train you. No experience is necessary, but you must have resum, and 100 words Englishi, hand-written, explaining you abilities and why should choose YOU, to Training for jobs, Caixa Postal 66208

(Fonte: O Estado de So Paulo)

Assinale a alternativa correta: 1. A frase: "No experience is necessary, but you must have a perfect knowledge of English", pode ser traduzida como: a) No necessrio ter experincia para ter um bom conhecimento de Ingls. b) necessrio no ter experincia, mas voc deve ter um conhecimento perfeitode Ingls. c) No necessrio ter experincia, mas voc deve ter um conhecimento perfeito de Ingls. d) No necessrio ter experincia e nem mesmo ter um conhecimento perfeito de Ingls. 2. O anncio procura um profissional: a) Para a rea de Propaganda. b) Para a rea de Planejamento e Criatividade. c) Que no precisa ser treinado. d) Que tenha um domnio razovel de ingls. e) Que saiba falar, pelo menos, 100 palavras em ingls. 3. O curriculum que o candidato dever mandar precisa ser: a) Datilografado b) Escrito mo
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c) Extenso d) Criativo e) Bem escrito e em portugus

ACTIVITY 6

INTERNET You will have learned to browse in the Internet before you start your professional life. All information you need will be available at a data base that you can access via Internet. Youll have an e-mail address, an image telephone, and you will do your shopping through electronic commerce. You will take part in electronic forums, where each participant can give his opinion via computer. Films will beprogrammed: you will tell your Internet service which film you want to see and at what time. You will listen to music without buying CDs. This will be the word of Internet. We will have learned a lot of computer skills in order to survive in the information Age. The Internet will be the necessary basis for our everyday life. How did the Internet start? Well, it really started in 1969, in a military project in which 21 computers were linked. This means that a person in one of those computers could read the files of any other computer in the same network. This project was called ARPANET. Durnig the 70s and 80s, computer technology developed very fast. Networks were developed, like the ARPANET. Later on, modens allowed a persons to connect the computer to a telephone line and talk to another computer in the same manner. A network could talk to other networks. Today, millions of individuals are accessing the Internet daily. The number doubles every 18 months.

Vocabulary Age: era Allow: permitir Avaliable: disponvel Browse: navegar na Internet Data base: banco de dados Double: dobra E-mail: correio eletrnico File: arquivo Learn: aprender Link: ligar Mean: significar Modem: dispositivo de comunicao Network: rede Skill: habilidade Survive: sobreviver Through: atravs de

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Exercises 1. Responda de acordo com o texto: a) O que ns precisamos para viver na era da informao? ____________________________________________________________ b) Qual foi a primeira rede de computadores? _____________________________________________________________ c) O que era a ARPANET? _____________________________________________________________ d) Como um computador consegue conversar com outro que est distante? _____________________________________________________________ e) Qual o ritmo de crescimento dos usurios da internet? ___________________________________________________________

2. Check the correct alternative according to the text. The Internet: a) Will be military reality in the future. b) Will be important for everyone. c) Is made of 21 computers d) Can be used to develop technology very fast. e) Teaches computer skills.

Something that you cant do via Internet: a) Shopping. b) Send messages. c) Participate in debates. d) Dance.
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e) Study.

ACTIVITY 7

MARING PARAN BRASIL Maring ... Maring ... It has half a century since the pionners arrived and cultivated the land holding their sieves as a heart beating the rhythm of the song Maring ... Maring... Today the wave of coffee has receded, but the fields have been covered by soybeans, wheat, cotton, pasture... and the song became a city, beating strong to the rhythm of progress. But Maring is not just labor, the city is always prompt to be disclosed through its modern urbanization of wide and treed avenues which provide colored shades of flamboyants, date palms, silk oaks, ips- yellow and purple, through daring architectural monuments, or even through the diversity of its population, a kaleidoscope of the ethnic groups which gave to its people. There are many roads to Maring and it is easy to reach the city but it is easier to simply stay there. With excelent facilities Maring is highly receptive. It has different class hotels and a gastronomic choise of : Arabic, Italian, Chinese, Japanese and Portuguese cuisine, in addition to barbecue restaurants which serve delicious beef to meet anyone 5 taste. Its tourists attractions are much related to its culture, arquitecture and the preservation of nature, in a beautiful demonstrate of respect for mans natural habitat. The Beauty of Maring is irresistible.

Vocabulary Arrived: chegou Beating: batendo Century: sculo Daring: ousadia Date palms: palmeiras antigas Gave: passado do verbo to give Half: meio Heart: corao Hold: ocupou Holding: ocupando Shade: sombra Sieves: peneira Silk oaks: carvalhos sedosos Taste: gosto, paladar Through: atravs To arrive: chegar To disclose: descobrir To give: dar To help: ajudar To recede: recuar
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It has seen: tem sido Provide: prover, abastecer Reach: chegar, alcanar

Treed: arborizada Wheat: trigo Wide: larga Exercises

Complete, em portugus, baseando-se na leitura do texto. 1. No primeiro pargrafo, o autor compara o ritmo do corao batendo, com o tino de uma cano. Cite o nome desta cano e retire do texto a frase que comprova a sua resposta.

____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

2. Hoje, em Maring, o caf j no mais a maior cultura agrcola. Cite os diversos tipos de culturas atuais.

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

3. Ao descrever as avenidas de Maring, o autor cita alguns tipos de rvores. Quais so?

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

4. Maring no s trabalho. Temos vrias opes de lazer, turismo e tipos de comidas tpicas. O que o texto fala sobre o assunto?

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

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ACTIVITY 8

MICROELETRONICS: HOW DOES IT AFFECT OUR LIVES? No doubt, microeletronics has affected nowadays culture. It has specially affected our lives in the field of small personal consumer goods. Digital watches, pocket calculators, personal stereos are now universally available in great variety. Microeletronics is also applied in our home. Cookers, washing machines, dishwashers, microwave ovens, video cassete recorders are now being fitted with their own microeletronic programmes. A microcomputer, for example, enables us to programme all services we use in the house: to switch lights on and off, record selected programmes, switch the TV on and off, take telephone messages, etc. Can you imagine an office without microeletronic nowadays? Big business compaies without computers? Typists, and all those standard letters, without word processors? Machines do not replace people. On the other hand, some people do not replace certains machines!

Vocabulary Available: disponvel Boring: maante, chato Field: campo Goods: mercadorias, bens Home: lar, casa On the other hand: por outro lado To switch off: ligar To witch on: ligar

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Exercises 1. Write true ( T ) or false ( F ) according to the text: a) There are many of offices without microeletronics. ( ) )

b) With a microeletronic it is possible to switch the TV on switch the TV on and off. ( c) The field of small personal goods shows great variety. ( d) Boring typists type standard letters. ( ) ) ) )

e) Machines do not replace certain people. (

f) Our lives are no doubt affected by microeletronics. (

g) When there are good computers in big business companies, there is no need for secretaries. (

h) There are dishwashers, washing machines, microwave ovens fitted with microeletronic programmes. ( ) i) Microeletronic is more important in the field of small personal consumer goods. ( j) It is boring to programme all services in the house. ( ) )

2. Complete the notes according to the text: a) Microeletronics_____________________________________________________ b) A microcomputer,___________________________________________________

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ACTIVITY 9

HARD ROCK CAF People need an international language to do business, to travel, to study sciences, technology, etc. This language is English. People also need na international language for the heart. This language is Music. Young people need a sanctuary. They like to meet, eat decent food, have ice-creams, express their feelings and ideas, listen to good pop/rock. One of these places is the Hard Rock Caf. A restaurant? A meeting place for the rockers? The Hard Rock Caf is all that... and more. It is a place where you can eat a decent hamburger, have lovely icecreams, meet girls and boys, buy fashion T-shirts, watches, badges, jackets, magazines, etc. It is a place for famous rockers too. The HRCs decoration consists of an enormous collection of items like: musical instruments, photos, posters, motorbikes, clothes, etc. These clothes belonged to famous rockers like Maddona, Jimi Hendrix, Elvis, Peter Gabriel, Michael Jackson, Beatles, Prince and others. It is common to hear this question in the HRC: How much is that guitar in the window? The Hard Rock Caf has a slogan: Love All Serve All. And they say it isn t just a slogan: Its their way of life. Eric Clapton is famous and he goes to the HRC to eat his favorite Pig sandwich. He is very well served. But you are not a rock star... It doesnt matter! Suppose you are visiting the HRC for the first time: you are also very well treated, and they say you are a member of Hard Rock Family. Perhaps this is one of the reasons for their success.

Vocabulary Badge: emblema To do business: fazer negcios To listen: (to): ouvir

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Exercises 1. Responda: a) Como a decorao do HRC? ________________________________________________________________________________ b) Que pergunta comum ouvir no HRC? ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Answer: a) What is the international language for the heart? ________________________________________________________________________________ b) Whats the secret of the Hard Rock Cafe's sucess? ___________________________________________________________________ c) Which items decorate the Hard Rock Caf? ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Write true (T) or false (F), according to the text. a) Eric Clapton is famous for his Pig sandwich only. ( ) ) ) b) English is the language of business, sciences and tecnology. ( c) Only members of the Hard Rock Family are well treated. (

d) The Hard Rock Caf belongs to famous rockers like Madonna, Michael Jackson, Prince and others. ( ) e) Young people like to meet friends, eat good hamburgers, express their feelings in places like the Hard Rock Caf. ( ) f) The Hard Rock Cafe is not a meeting place. Its just a restaurant and shop. ( g) Love Ali Serve All is not only a slogan, but also a way of life. ( h) They also treat well people who visit the HRC for the first time. ( i) The guitar in the window belonged to Elvis Presley. ( 4. Responda: a) Qual a lngua internacional da cincia, dos negcios, das viagens? ________________________________________________________________________________ b) Qual a linguagem internacional do corao? ________________________________________________________________________________
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c) Voc j ouviu falar de um dos mais famosos santurios dos jovens de todo mundo? ________________________________________________________________________________ d) O Hard Rock Caf uma espcie de restaurante ou lanchonete? ________________________________________________________________________________ e) um ponto de encontro de jovens e roqueiros? ________________________________________________________________________________ f) somente uma loja? ________________________________________________________________________________ g) Qual o slogan do HRC? ________________________________________________________________________________ h) S gente famosa bem recebida no HRC? ________________________________________________________________________________ i) O que voc passa a ser considerado depois de ir ao HRC pela primeira vez? ________________________________________________________________________________

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PART II Grammar

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1 VERB TO BE PRESENT TENSE

O verbo to be um dos verbos mais estudados na lngua inglesa. O quadro abaixo apresentao nas formas afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa do presente e tambm os pronomes pessoais. Observe com ateno: FORMA AFIRMATIVA I am You are He is She is It is We are You are They are FORMA NEGATIVA I am not You are not He is not She is not It is not We are not You are not They are not FORMA CONTRACTA Im Youre Hes Shes Its Were Youre Theyre

FORMAS CONTRACTAS Im not You arent Youre not He isnt Hes not She isnt Shes not It isnt Its not We arent Were not You arent Youre not They arent Theyre not SUJEITO + VERBO + NOT

FORMA INTERROGATIVA Am I? Are you? Is he? Is she? Is It? Are we? Are you? Are they? VERBO VEM ANTES DO SUJEITO Exercises 1. Complete com as formas corretas do verbo To be: a) That girl__________French. b) You and your brother_________________welcome. c) She_____________in the kitchen. d) _______________you doctors?
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e) He_______________sick. f) My house _____________brown. g) The horses ____________in the field. h) My sister and I__________late. 2. Complete os dilogos: a) A:__________you from the United States? B: Yes, I_____________ . ______________from chicago. b) A:___________she from Brazil. B: No, she____________ . ______________from Uruguay. 3. Complete os dilogos, seguindo o exemplo: Peter is English. (Susan) Is Susan English, too? No, she isnt. a) He is at school. (they) ____________ too? No, ___________ . b) Philip and Scheila are late. (I) _____________ too? Yes, ___________. c) That man is French. (you and your sister) ____________ too? No, ____________. d) This cat is black. (dog) _____________ too? Yes, ______________. e) The doctor is young. (pilot) _____________too? Yes, ___________. f) The airport is far. (theater) _______________too? No, ___________.

2 PRONOMES PESSOAIS SUJEITO

Singular I You He, She, It Plural We You They

Os pronomes pessoais sujeito so empregados como sujeito do verbo.

Exercises 1. Substitua os sujeitos por pronomes pessoais: a) Mr. Todd is s doctor ________ is a doctor. b) That girl is french. ________ is french.
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c) The boys are in the cinema. ________ are in the cinema. d) My sister and I are late. ________ are late. e) Little Tom is sick. ________ is sick. f) You and your brother are welcome. ________ are welcome. g) The horses are in the field. ________ are in the field. h) The cat in the kitchen. ________ is in the kitchen. i) My house is brown ________ is brown. j) The girls are studying now. ________ are studying.

3 POSSESSIVE AND ADJECTIVES PRONOUNS

POSSESSIVE/ ADJECTIVES POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS

My Your His Her Its Our Your Their Uso:

Mine Yours His Hers Its Ours Yours Theirs

This is my book. (adjective) That book is yours. (pronoun) (your book)

Os adjetivos possessivos vm antes do substantivo. Os pronomes possessivos so usados no lugar do substantivo. Tanto os adjetivos quanto os pronomes concordam com o possuidor e no com a coisa possuda. I bring my book, you can bring yours. Obs. : Quando o possuidor for um pronome indefinido, o possessivo ser masculino e singular. Everyone must bring his book.

A estrutura of + pronome possessivo significa um dos, uma das. She is a friend of mine. (She is one of my friends).
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Exercises 1. Complete com o pronome possessivo correto: a) Marys train is leaving at 3 oclock, but Johns is leaving in 3 minutes. ___________train is leaving at 3 oclock, but____________is leaving in 3 minutes. b) My brothers favorite fruit is apple. ___________favorite fruit is apple. c) The cats are sleeping in the dogs house. The cats are sleeping in ___________house. d) The teacher corrects the studentscompositions. The teacher corrects _____________compositions. e) Mr. Allens computer puts him in connection with the Internet. ___________computer puts him in connection with the Internet. 2. Complete com o possessivo correto: a) I do______________things, you do________________ b) She can do ______________homework alone. He cant do___________ c) We must wash________hands before lunch. d) The boys arent going to clean_____________rooms today. e) Dr. Smith washes____________car every morning. 3. Escolha a alternativa correta: a) Does __________bring__________books to the class? a) he him b) she her c) her she d) she hers

b) Do you prefer listening to _________records or______________? a) your yours b) my him c) your our d) your mine

c) Everybody must talk to _____________coordinator. a) ours b) mine c) his d) him

d) Mrs. Cohen and ___________children are waiting for________answer. a) his our b) their yours c) her our d) her ours

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4 VERB THERE TO BE PRESENT TENSE

Observe o quadro abaixo com as expresses there is e there are. Elas no apresentam os pronomes pessoais. AFIRMATIVA SINGULAR PLURAL There is/theres There are/therere NEGATIVA There is not/there isnt There are not/there arent Exercises 1. Complete as frases usando there is ou there are: a) b) c) d) e) __________children playing ball. __________a bus on the street. __________three boats on the lake. __________a boy reading under a tree. __________policemen at the gate of the park. INTERROGATIVA Is there? Are there?

2. Complete com there is not ou there are not (pode-se usar a forma contracta): In a small city __________________heavy traffic, __________________pollution, ________________many cinemas, ________________many job opportunities, ________________ amusement. 3. Faa perguntas com is there ou are there: a) b) c) d) ________________ a museum in your city? Yes, there is. ________________ pollution in So Paulo? Yes, there is. ________________ car accidents in New York? Yes, there are many. ________________ job opportunities in your city? No, there are not many.

5 PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

O present continuous tense formado pelo verbo to be mais o verbo principal com a terminao ing. Example: I am reading now. (eu estou lendo agora) She is reading now. We are reading now. They are reading now. Forma Interrogativa do Present Continuous Tense: Example: Am I reading now? Is she reading now?
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Forma negativa do Present Continuous Tense: Example: Isnt she reading now? Arent you reading now? Nota: Os verbos terminados em e perdem o e e recebem ing. Example: To love loving. Os verbos terminados em consoante/vogal/consoante, dobram a consoante final e recebem ing. Example: To run running. Exercises 1. a) b) c) d) 2. a) b) c) d) e) Escolha a alternativa correta: The children (is/are) sleeping now. Dont make any noise. (Is/Are) it raining outside? What (is/are) Marion doing in the laboratory right now? Can you help me? (Is/am/are) cleaning the garage. Complete com o present continuous dos verbos entre parenteses: Our classes are _______________(begin) now. Look at these plants! They are _________________(die). Dont worry about Mary. She is _______________(have) a good time on the farm. Is your bus __________________(leave) in the morning? Yes, it is. What are your brothers __________________(do)? They are ______________(swim).

3.Responda as questes, seguindo o exemplo: Whats the secretary doing? (type a letter) Shes typing a letter. a) Whats the secretary doing? (cry) ____________________________________________________________________ b) Whats the boy doing? (run in the park) ____________________________________________________________________ c) What are the men doing? (read) ____________________________________________________________________ d) What is the woman doing? (buy an ice cream) ____________________________________________________________________ e) Whats the dog doing? (sleep) ____________________________________________________________________ f) Whats the dog doing? (cry) ____________________________________________________________________ g) Whats the cat doing? (climb a tree) ____________________________________________________________________
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6 SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

O Simple Present expressa aes habituais, normalmente aparece com palavras como always, sometimes, every, in the never. Ex: We go to school every day. They always play tennis. A forma interrogativa Simple Present feita colocando-se o verbo auxiliar do antes do sujeito. Ex: Do they write letters every weekend? Do you play football every weekend? A forma negativa do Simple Present feita por do + not (dont) aps o sujeito. Ex: We dont write letters every week. I dont go to school every day. Simple Present Tense (Third Person)

Na terceira pessoa do singular (he, she, it), o verbo Simple Present geralmente recebe s : Like likes Say - says Eat eats Drink drinks

O verbo recebe esquando terminado em s,ss,ch,x ou o . Fix fixes Wash - washes Pass passes Do - does Go goes Watch - watches O verbo terminado em y, precedido de consoante, muda o y para i e recebe es. Study studies Fly flies Obs.: A terceira pessoa do singular de have has. A interrogativa da terceira pessoa do singular feita colocando-se a forma does antes do sujeito. Ex.: Does she live in Maring? Does he work in the morning? A forma negativa feita por does + not (doesnt) aps o sujeito. Ex.: My sister doesnt like bananas. He doesnt want a newspaper from Minas Gerais. TO LIKE Negativa I dont like (eu no gosto) You dont like He doesnt like She doesnt like It doesnt like We dont like You dont like They dont like

Afirmativa I like (eu gosto) You like He likes She likes It likes We like You like They like

Interrogativa Do I like? (eu gosto) Do you like? Does he like? Does she like? Does It like? Do we like? Do you like? Do they like?
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No quadro, o verbo to like est conjugado no presente simples. Voc pode verificar que se usa o auxiliar do nas formas negativa e interrogativa, para todas as pessoas, exceto para a 3 pessoa do singular usa-se does, seguido do verbo principal sem s: like. Isto serve de modelo para outros verbos: work, help, come, buy, leave, take, have etc. Ex.: He likes his job. Does he like his job? He doesnt like his job.

Exercises 1. Complete as sentenas trocando os sujeitos: a) I take the bus at six. He_______________________________________________________________ b) They work at our office. She______________________________________________________________ c) We buy a newspaper every day. He_______________________________________________________________

2. Observe os exemplos. Reescreva as frases na negativa: She likes school. She doesnt like school. My wife works, too. My wife doesnt work, too. He has a good job. He doesnt have a good job. a) She stays at home. ___________________________________________________ b) He helps with the children. _____________________________________________ c) John comes at seven.___________________________________________________ d) Mary has problem. ___________________________________________________ 3. Observe os exemplos e reescreva as frases fazendo perguntas. She likes school. Does she like school? My wife works. Does my wife work? He has a good job. Does he have a good job? a) He likes to work at night. ________________________________________________ b) She wants to work. ____________________________________________________ c) The teacher leaves school at seven. _________________________________________ d) He has a lot of money. ___________________________________________________

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7 VERB TO BE PAST TENSE

Agora voc vai estudar o verbo to be no passado. Observe que existe duas formas: was e were. AFIRMATIVA I was You were He was She was It was We were You were They were NEGATIVA I was not (I wasnt) You were not (you werent) He was not (he wasnt) She was not (she wasnt) It was not (it wasnt) We were not (we werent) You were not (you werent) They were not (they werent) Exercises 1.Complete com o verbo To BE no passado: a) This ____________ my first Italian book. b) ____________ you in Rio last february? c) The dog ____________ in the garden an hour ago. d) ___________ we at johns house last weekend? e) You _________ not a good student last month. INTERROGATIVA Was I? Were you? Was He? Was She? Was It? Were you? Were You? Were They?

8 VERB THERE TO BE PAST TENSE

AFIRMATIVA There was There were

NEGATIVA There was not There were not

INTERROGATIVA Was there? Were there?

Este o verbo There to be, conjugado no Simple Past. So usadas duas formas: uma para o singular e outra para o plural, ambas traduzidas por uma s forma. Simple Present There is h There are Simple Past There was houve ou havia There were

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There was: usado antes de substantivos no singular. There were: usado antes de substantivos no plural. Exercises Vamos agora praticar o que aprendemos sobre o verbo there to be: 1. Complete as sentenas a seguir com o verbo There to be no Simple Past: a) _________a lot of books on the table yesterday. b) He didnt come because ___________ problems in the factory. c) I could not enter the house because_________ a dog in the garden. d) She stayed because __________ a party there. e) He wanted to live in that city because___________ a lot of opportunities there. f) ____________ an accident near my house last week.

g) _____________ many books at the club yesterday. h) _____________ a good TV show last night. i) ______________ three books on my bed one hour ago. j) ______________ an atomic explosion in Japan in 1945. k) ______________many children in the Park yesterday. l) ____________ butter in the refrigerator yesterday. m) ___________ a cat in my room last night. n) ____________ two famous artists at the hotel. o) ____________three apples on the table.

9 PRONOMES INTERROGATIVOS

Who What When Where

quem o que, qual quando onde

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Exercises 1. Complete com who, what, when ou where. a) Peter was at home last nigth. ___________was peter last night? ___________was at home last night? ___________was Peter at home? b) Mother is cooking dinner in the kitchen now. ___________ is mother doing in the kitchen now? ___________ is mother cooking in the kitchen now? ___________ is mother dinner in the kitchen now? ___________ is mother cooking dinner now?

10 THE PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

Passado do verbo TO BE

Verbo terminado em + ING

TO SLEEP I was sleeping You were sleeping He was sleeping She was sleeping It was sleeping We were sleeping They were sleeping

Afirmativa: He was sleeping Interrogativa: Was he sleeping? Negativa: He was not sleeping Formas abreviadas: wasnt (was not) werent (were not)

Nota: O verbo terminado em ing no se altera na interrogativa e na negativa. Ortografia: Todos os tempos contnuos seguem as mesmas normas ortogrficas. Uso: Expressa aes que estavam acontecendo em um determinado momento no passado. Ex: They were sleeping 5 minutes ago.

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Exercises 1. Complete com passado contnuo: a) Susan___________(help) her mother in the kitchen. b) We_____________(run) to school at 8:00 this morning. c) The children ____________(look) for the cat in the garage. d) Father____________(drive) home at 6:00 yesterday. e) Dennis and Tom____________(solve) the problem in the classroom. f) The telephone___________(ring) at oclock this morning. g) I__________(walk) down the street at 5:00 in the afternoon. h) They_________(do) their homework at 8:30 last night. i) Helen_________(work) with your brother last night. j) I___________(work) with your brother last night. 2. Reescreva as sentenas usando o passado contnuo. a) She sleeps upstairs. ___________________________________________________________________ b) They called Dr. Harris again. ___________________________________________________________________ c) I dont talk to teacher in the classroom. ____________________________________________________________________ d) Do you play a video game your fathers computer? ___________________________________________________________________ e) Does she write to her friends in Dallas? ____________________________________________________________________

11 SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Affirmative form
1.

Forma-se o simple past tense dos verbos regulares em ingls acrescentando, geralmente ed forma do infinitivo. Infinitive Past tense Look looked Start started Ex.: I looked for you yesterday. Mary started her english course last month. O simple past dos verbos regulares terminados em y pode ser feito de duas maneiras:
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2.

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a) Quando antes do y vier uma vogal, segue a regra geral, ou seja, acresecenta-se ed. Infinitive Past tense Play played Stay stayed Ex.: John stayed in his grandfathers house during his trip to London. My sister played cards last Saturday.

b) Quando antes do y vier uma consoante, muda-se o y para i e acresecenta-se ed. Infinitive Past tense Study Studied Ex.: Paul studied in Paris last year. Irregular Verbs No h regra para se formar o simple past (afirmativo) dos verbos irregulares, eles se apresentam de vrias formas, sendo necessrio memoriz-los. Infinitive Be (ser/estar) Begin (comear) Bring (trazer) Build (construir) Come (vir) Fly (voar) Go (ir) Have (had) Know (saber) Meet (encontrar) Read (ler) See (ver) Sit (sentar-se) Swim (nadar) Think (pensar) Write (escrever) Negative Form A forma negativa do simple past dos verbos regulares e irregulares se faz usando o auxiliar did e a palavra not entre o sujeito e o verbo principal da frase no infinitivo. Ex.: He did not visit his grandmother yesterday. (didnt) I did not go to So Paulo in July. (didnt) Interrogative Form A forma interrogativa do simple past dos verbos regulares e irregulares se faz usando o auxiliar did antes do sujeito da frase e do verbo principal no infinitivo. Ex.: Did he visit his grandmother yesterday?
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Simple Past was were began brought built came flew went ter knew met read saw sat swam thought wrote

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Verb to work (regular) AFFIRMATIVE FORM I worked You worked He worked She worked It worked We worked You worked They worked Verb to buy (irregular) AFFIRMATIVE FORM I bought You bought He bought She bought It bought We bought You bought They bought NEGATIVE FORM I didnt buy You didnt buy He didnt buy She didnt buy It didnt buy We didnt buy You didnt buy They didnt buy Exercises 1. Complete as frases a seguir empregando o passado dos verbos marcados entre parnteses: a) The Mississipi ________________its water. (Roll) b) The dark smoke_____________in the sky. (Appear) c) A negro_____________slowly. (Cry) d) The scene_________________soon. (Change) e) The river__________________like a sea. (Look) f) They___________their friends in the party. (Meet) g) He____________his wife to see the river. (Bring) h) We__________to So Paulo last week. (Come) i) Eric_________in that river when he was young. (Swim) j) The children_____________in the sun. (Sit) k) I__________her well. (Know) 2. Escreva frases relacionadas aos itens abaixo usando os seguintes verbos no passado: MEET READ BUY GO FLY HAVE WRITE READ Ex.: Paul a house last year. Paul bought a house last year. INTERROGATIVE FORM Did I buy? Did you buy? Did he buy? Did she buy? Did It buy? Did we buy? Did you buy? Did they buy? NEGATIVE FORM I didnt work You didnt work He didnt work She didnt work It didnt work We didnt work You didnt work They didnt work INTERROGATIVE FORM Did I work? Did you wok? Did he work? Did she work? Did It work? Did we work? Did you work? Did they work?

a) Ana some wine last night. ____________________________________________________________________ b) Peter and John to the cinema yesterday
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____________________________________________________________________ c) Mr. Souza Veja last weekend. ____________________________________________________________________ d) Mr. And Mrs. Torres to Paris last month ____________________________________________________________________ e) Miss Brown a friend last Saturday. ____________________________________________________________________ f) Joana a letter to Marlene last Sunday. ____________________________________________________________________ g) Antonio a book yesterday. ___________________________________________________________________ 3. Complete com o simple past dos verbos entre parnteses. Child of the Devil John Knox (1505 1572) _______ (be) a famous religious leader in Scotland. He ________(be) always very strict and hard on everybody, including his family. One morning his daughter________(be) late for breakfast. When she_________(arrive), Knox________(look) at her, saying, good morning, child of the devil. Good morning, Father, she ________(answer).

12 THE SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE (WILL + VERBO)

I will work You will work He will work She will work It will work We will work You will work They will work Uso: Para expressar ao ou previso quanto ao futuro. usado com advrbios ou expresses que indiquem tempo futuro: tomorrow, next, in July, on Monday etc. Exercises 1. Complete com o futuro simples dos verbos entre parnteses. a) We___________(meet) you by the lake. b) The Browns___________(move) to the country in November. c) John__________________(arrive) tomorrow morning. d) I_________(catch) the midnight train to Amsterdam.
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Afirmativa: He will work Interrogativa: Will he work? Negativa: He will not work Formas abreviadas: Ill (will) Wont (will not)

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e) Cars_________(be) lighter in the future. f) Mrs. Jenkins ____________(not come) for the show. g) I________(represent) my company in the conference. h) The new project____________(begin) in March. i) What___________you _____________(do) after class? j) I am on a diet, so I __________(not eat) any ice cream.

13 FUTURE WITH GOING TO

Presente do verbo TO BE + GOING TO + VERBO I am going to work You are going to work He is going to work She is going to work It is going to work We are going to work You are going to work They are going to work Uso: 1. Expressa ao futura ou inteno. I am going to swim. We are going to get married. 2. Geralmente vem acompanhado de: tomorrow, next, in etc. Shes going to travel in March. They are going to study tomorrow. Exercises 1. Supply the going to form of the verbs in parentheses. a) The show_______________(begin) at 9 oclock sharp. b) Mr. Shaw_______________(leave) the office after 5:00 today. c) What __________they _________do her the reports? d) ________you ________(send) her the reports? e) The Ministry says that food an housing______________(be) more reasonable next month. f) The new factory___________(throw) 2 tons of chemicals into the reiver. g) Mr. Allen________________(teach) us Arts next semester. h) Im sure Sharon____________(ask) you help her with her Math homework. Afirmativa: He is going to work Interrogativa: Is he going to work? Negativa: He is not working.

14 ADJETIVES
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Comparative Form O grau comparativo dos adjetivos usado na comparaoi entre dois elementos. 1. Geralmente, acrescenta-se er aos adjetivos de uma ou duas slabas para formar o comparativo de superioridade. Ex.: poor poorer narrow narrower small smaller near nearer

2. Adjetivos terminados em v mundan o v para i antes de receber er. Ex.: happy happier ugly uglier pretty prettier healty healthier

3. Adjetivos terminados em consoante/vogal/consoante dobram a consoante final antes de receber er. Ex.: fat fatter Thin thinner big bigger hot hotter

4. Adjetivos com trs slabas ou mais para formar o comparativo de superioridade usa a palavra more. Esta regra tambm se aplica a todos os adjetivos terminados por re, ful, ed, ous e ing. Ex.: convenient more incovenient important more important careful more careful amusing more amusing obscure more obscure

5. Os adjetivos good e well fazem o comparativo com a palavra better. Superlative form O grau superlativo usado na comparao entre trs elementos ou mais. 1. Para formar o superlativo dos adjetivos de uma ou mais slabas (curtos), geralmente acrescentamse est ao grau normal do adjetivo e o artigo the antes dele. Ex.: near the nearest poor the poorest short shortest old the oldest

2. Os adjetivos curtos, de 1 ou 2 slabas, terminados em y para i e acrescentam-se est. happy the happiest pretty the prettiest heavy the heaviest healthy the healthiest 3. Adjetivos terminados em consoante/vogal/consoante dobram a consoante final antes de receber est. Ex.: fat the fattest
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Ex.:

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big the biggest hot the hottest thin thinnest 4. Adjetivos com trs slabas ou mais, para formar o superlativo, usam a expresso the most antes do grau normal do adjetivo. Esta regra tambm se aplica a todos os adjetivos terminados por re, ful, ed, ous e ing. Ex.: handsome the most handsome beautiful the most beautiful careful the most careful expensive the most expensive

5. H alguns adjetivos que formam o superlativo de maneira irregular. Ex.: good the best well the best little the least bad the worst much the most many the most

Degree of Adjectives (grau dos adjetivos de uma slaba) Grau Comparativo Igualdade Ex.: John is as taller as Mary.(Joo to alto quanto Maria) Superioridade Ex.: Joe is taller than Bob.(Joe mais alto que Bob.) Inferioridade Ex.: Bob is less careful than Joe.(Bob menos cuidadoso que Joe) Superlativo Ex.: Joe is the tallest of the them all.(Joe o mais alto deles todos) Exercises 1) Complete as sentenas a seguir com o comparativo dos adjetivos indicados entre parnteses: a) Her energy is _______________than her courage. (abundant) b) You were __________last year. (thin). c) Mary is much_________than her mother. (fat) d) My street is _________than Brazil avenue. (narrow) e) She swins _______than her sister. (well) f) This book is good, but that one is_________(good) g) Im always tired, but today Im ___________than usual. (tired) h) This exercise is __________than the others. (difficult) i) I cant find and ________way to solve this problem.(easy)
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j) I had a _______car last year. (big) Now I have a small car. It is _________than your car. (small) 2. Complete as sentenas a seguir com o superlativo dos adjetivos indicados entre parnteses: a) Paula is___________girl in our class. (old) b) Jos is___________student in the class. (good) c) He is_______boy that I know. (ambitious) d) Hilda was________girl at the party. (attractive) e) January is ________month of the year. (hot) f) So Paulo is_______city in Brazil. (big) g) This is _________book that I own. (expresive) h) He is _________friend in the world. (good) i) This is________house here. (beautiful) j) This is_______problem that we have. (difficult ) 3. Complete as sentenas a seguir com o comparativo dos adjetivos indicados entre parnteses. Use than quando necessrio. a) He is ________than I am. (young) b) Mr Vieiria is much__________than I expected. (old) c) Chicago is______Paris. (big) d) My car is new but your car is________. (new) e) Last summer was hot, but this summer is ________(hot) f) He speaks Spanish well, but his sister speaks________well. (well) g) My house is_______your apartment (comfortable) h) The weather today is________than weather yesterday. (good)

BIBLIOGRAFIA

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1 - ALMEIDA FILHO. Dimenses Comunicativas no Ensino de Lngua Campinas, SP, Pontes Editores, 1993. 2- AMOS, PASQULIM e PRESCHER. New Graded English. So Paulo, Moderna 3 AMOS e PRESCHER. Apuarius Simplified Gramniar Book. So Paulo, Moderna, 1995. 4 AUN. Eliana, MORAES, Maria Clara Prete de. SANDANOVICZ, Neuza Bilia, Get to the point. So Paulo, Saraiva, 1995. 5 ATUN, MORAES E SANSANOVICZ. Get to the point, So Paulo, Saraiva 6 LIBERATO, Wilson. Stairway. So Paulo : FTD, 1993. 7 LIMA, Maria Ceclia Truffi e XAVIER, Rosely Perez. Teaching in a Clair Way. Florianpolis, Ed, Da UFSC, 1996. 8 LONGMAN DICTIONARY OF CONTEMPORATY ENGLISH. New Editora Lon group LTD England, 1995. 9 MARQUES, Amadeu, English 2 Grau, So Paulo : Editora tica, 1996. 10 PRESCHER, Elisbeth, PASQUALIN, Ernesto, AMOS, Eduardo, New Granded . So Paulo, Moderna, 1997. 11 PRESCHER, Elisbeth, PASQUALIN, Ernesto, AMOS, Eduardo, New Granded. So Paulo, Moderna. 1997. 12 RICHARDS, Jack c. New Interchanger : English for International Communication. Cambridge University Press, 1997. 13 SIQUEIRA, Rute. Magic Reading, So Paulo : Saraiva, 1996. 14 SPEAK UP, So Paulo: Globo, junho, 1998. 15 SPEAK UP, So Paulo : Globo, novembro, 1998. 16 TELECURSO 2000 2 GRAU. Ingls , Rio de Janeiro : Globo, 1995. 17 TOTIS, Vernica Pakarauskas, Lgua Inglesa : Literatura . So Paulo : Cortez, 1991.

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