Practice Problems, Part 1: Molarity, molality, Normality Solve each problem on your own paper.

Be sure to show: Information the problem gives you- numbers and its description Set up of the math Doing the math; use dimensional analysis whenever possible Answer before rounding Answer after rounding No naked numbers- put units on all numbers 1. Calculate the Molarity of a solution that has 2.3 moles dissolved in 4.6 liters total. 2.3 moles 4.6 liters of solution Need to solve for Molarity Moles =? Liters 2.3 moles 4.6 liters = 0.50 moles/L = 0.50M

2. Calculate the molality of a solution that has 1.5 moles added to 675 mL of solvent. 1.5 moles 675 mL of solvent Need to convert mL to L Need to solve moles/L 675 mL 1.5 moles 0.675 L x = 1L = 1000mL 2.2222 moles 1 L of solvent 0.675 L =2.2 moles/liter = 2.2 m

3. Calculate the Molarity of 23.5 grams of silver nitrate, AgNO 3, that is dissolved in water for a final volume of 750 mL. 23.5 g AgNO3 750 mL final volume Need to convert g to moles Need to convert 750 mL to L
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Need to use equation moles/liter Ag = 107.9 g/mol N = 14.0 g/mol 3 oxygens = 3 (16.0) = 48.0 g/mol 107.9 + 14.0 + 48.0 = 169.9 g/mol 23.5 grams x 1 mol 169.9 g 1L 1000 mL = 0.1383 mol = 0.138 mol

750 mL

= 0.75 L

0.138 mol 0.75 L

0.1844 mol/L

= 0.18 mol/L = 0.18 M

4. How many grams of CuSO4 5H2O do you need to make 800. mL of a 0.6 M solution? Remember to calculate the molar mass of this chemical you figure out the mass of Cu, S, four oxygens, and five waters. You treat the as a + not as an x. 800. mL 0.6 M Need grams of CuSO4 5H2O Need to figure out mol of CuSO4 5H2O then how many grams it is. Convert 800. mL to L 800.mL x 1L = 1000mL = 0.8 L

0.8 L x

0.6 mol 1L

0.48 mol

Cu = 63.5 g/mol S = 32.0 g/mol O = 16.0 g/mol so 4- O = 64.0 g/mol H2O = 18.0 g/mol so 5 H2O = 90.0 g/mol Molecular weight of copper (II) sulfate = 0.48 mol x 249.5 g = 1 mol 119.76 g

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5. You have 20.0 grams of Pb(NO3)2. You put it in water and bring the final volume to 50.0 mL. What is the Molarity? 20.0 grams 50.0 mL Need to convert g to mol Need to convert 50.0 mL Need to use equation moles/liter Pb = 207.1 g/mol 2 N = 2(14) = 28.0 g/mol 6- O = 6(16)= 96.0 g/mol 207. 1 + 28.0 + 96.0 = 331.1 g/mol 20.0 g x 1 mol 331.1 g 1L 1000mL = 0.0604 mol

50.0 mL

= 0.050 L

0.0604 mol = 0.050 L

1.208 mol/L = 1.2 mol/L = 1.2 M

6. What is the normality of a 2 M solution of H3PO4? 2 moles of H3PO4 x 1 liter 3 moles H+ 1 mole of H3PO4 = 6 moles H+ so 6N 1 liter

7. How many grams of NaOH are in 400.0 mL of a 0.5 M solution of NaOH? 400.0 mL 0.5 M Need to convert 400.0 mL to L Need to figure out molecular weight of NaOH 400.0 mL 0.4000 L x x 1L 1000mL 0.5 mol 1L = 0.4000 L

= 0.2 mol

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Na = 23.0 g/mol O= 16.0 g/mol H = 1.0 g/mol NaOH = 40.0 g/mol 0.2 mol x 40.0 g 1 mol = 8.0 g

8. We need 850.0 mL of a 0.45 M solution of NaHCO3. How much NaHCO3 do we weigh? 850.0 mL 0.45 M Convert 850.0 mL to L Need to figure out mol Need to figure out molecular weight of NaHCO3 to get to g of NaHCO3 850.0 mL x 1L 1000mL 0.45 moles 1L = 0.8500L

0.8500 L

= 0.3825moles

Na= 23.0 g/mol H= 1.0 g/mol C = 12.0 g/mol 3- O = 48.0 g/mol NaHCO3= 84.0 g/mol 0.3825 moles x

84.0 g 1 mol

32.13 g

= 32.1 g or 32 g

9. Which solution will have a greater volume? a. 58.5 g of NaCl in water to make 1000 mL of solution b. 58.5 g of NaCl added to 1000 mL of water b will have a greater volume, even though it will not be that much greater

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10. Identify the descriptions in problem 9a and 9b as being either Molarity or molality. a. Molarity b. molality 11. Calculate the Molarity or the molality for the descriptions in 9a and 9b. You need to do question 10 first; figure out which one is a description of Molarity and which is molality first. Make sure you use the proper units. NaCl = 58.5 g/mol So for 9a it would be 1 M and for 9b it would be 1 m 58.5 g x 1 mol = 1 mol 58.5 g

Getz 2007