AMF Engineer-In-Chief Bomb Disposal Technical Instructions 1944

SECRET
AUSTRALIAN MILITARY roRCES
EO 5520
E in
L H
C
Q
DISTRIBUTION:
All
All
CEs and CsRE.. Bombdisposal
~ Pls and HQ AA and Frt Coys. to :-
(2 copies)
~each
8) 1)
RAE Fd S~ns, Fd Coys, A Fd Coys, A Tps Coys, Div & Corps Fd Pk Coys~
1)
LHQ SUE (Fd) 1 RAE Trg Centre.
Copies for 'information
LHQ: PA to C in C (1), CGS(1), DSD (1), DDMO (1), ADMI {3), DMT(1), MGRA\46) MOO (1) D of Armament RAAF USAEngineer Liaison Officer. Chief Ordnance Officer, HQ, USASOS USN Liaison Officer, MELBOURNE
CO MEIU No 1 NZ Liaison Officer.. RJ.ICand SS.. D of Torpedoes and Mines RJ.N
2 1 150) 4)
3) 20)
4 51
Canadian Military Attache, CANBERRA. Superintendent MSL, MELBOURNE. Overseas Aust Army staff, LONDON. E in P, War Office (through
SME RIPON (through AAS AAS LONDON) ...2"
2) 1)
131 2
LONDON)
E in 0, INDIA...
Aust JAil Mission,
iYASHINOTON
E IN C BOMB DISPOSAL TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS 1. Technical cause of

2. ceived
Issued herewith are revised Bomb Disposal Instructions. The revision was necessary beextensive new information received.
Acla1owled~ent RAE and Allied is made for information Forces thus enabling the re-
from
Manual to be kept up-to-date, and it is pointed out that the future value of these instructions will depend upon further new data received fram the field. 3. contained directly Details of techniques, special appliances, herein will NOT be conmunicated to anyone not entitled to such information. previous cancelled by fire. E in C Bomb Disposal py the issue of this Technic~ Manual, etc
4. All Instructions are will be destroyed
and
11 li1ar 44.
Maj or General Engineer in Chief'
(c.e.STEELE)
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
:- INTRODUCTIONSec.
1 -General Instructions
: -JAPANESE
BOMBS A'ND COMPONENTS
Sec.
2 -H.E. Bombs 3 -Anti-personnel Bombs 4 -Incendiary Bombs 5 -Miscellaneous Aerial Missiles 6 -Fuzes, Serial A 7 -" " B 8 -" "C
9..." "D
10 -Gaines, Booster 11 -Anrnuni tions CHAP. C

: -GERMAN
Systems and Magazines
BOMBS AND COMPONENTS
Sec. 12 -H.E.
15 16
Bombs
Bombs Bombs
Aeria~ Missiles
13 -Anti-personnel 14 -Incendiary
-Miscellaneous -Fuzes
17 -Disposal
Tectmiques
18 -Mif)ellaneous
CHAP. D
Data
: -MISCELLANEOUS TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS
Sec. 19 -Destruction
20 -General
CHAP. E : -EQUIPMENT AND PLANT
of Bambs,Ammunition, etc.
Sec. 21 -General
Use
22 -Anti-Japanese 23 -Anti-German
CHAP. F
: -CONCERNING CIVIL DEFENCEORGANISATION Sec. 24 -Function in Bomb Disposal, Co-operation etc.
(See also Reverse side.
.r
FILING
AND
REFERENCE
SYSTEM
EXAMPLE -B/2/76
~et1x
oa-oita11etteI' to CHAPrER -(2) SECTION

-(76 )
-(B)
See
Ref'ers First
TABLE OF numeral to
CONTENTS
Refers
Su:f':f'ix numera1
Number allotted
a specific
BDTI
(Except in several instances only, the original BDTI number has been
retained)
IMPORTANT
When issued,
insert
new BDrIs in
Manual under correct CHAPl'ER and SECTION, and in appropriate se~uence. In filing, disregard the suffix numeral.
2.
eta.,
Indespatahing
ALWAYS USE THE COMPLETE REFERENCE
messages, telegrams,
(as Example above).
1.
N D E X.
IN NUMERICAL SEO.UENOEOF BIYl'Is
No.
Issued
20 Deo 43 / General Instructions
Subject
ls/1/1 B/5/2 B/3/3

B/2/4
20 Deo 431 Japanese Smoke Signal

20 Deo 43 Japanese Anti-personnel -15 Kg
(Airoraft)-l
HE Bomb,
Kg
Type
20 Dea 43 20 Deo 43
Japanese GP, HE Bomb, Type 94 -50 Japanese GP, HE Bomb, Type 97 -60
GP, HE Bomb, Type GP, HE Bomb, Type 98 -60 94 -100 type) -
Kg Kg
K~ Kg
B/2/5 B/2/6 B/2/'7

B/2/8
20 Deo 431 Japanese 20 Deo 43 I Japanese 20 Dec 43
Japanese GP, HE Bomb (Early 250 Kg
B/4/9 B/4/10 B/4/11 B/4/12 B/5/13 B/5/14 B/6/15 B/e/16 B/7/17 B/6/18 B/7/19
20 Deo 43
Japanese Incendiary Bomb Type 97 -50 Kg (Phos/Rubber pellets) Japanese Incendiary Bomb Type 97 -60
20 Dec 43
Kg (Electron fire-pots)
20 Deo 43
Japanese
Incendiary
Bomb Type 98 -60
Kg (Solid oil)
20 Dec 43
Japanese Inoendiary
Bomb Type 0 -50
Kg (Phos/rubber pellets)
20 Dec 43 20 Deo 43
20 Deo 43 20 Deo 43 20 Deo 43 20 Dec 43
20 Dec 43
Japanese Bomb Container

Japanese Gas Bomb, Type
-60
Kg
Kg
92 -50
Japanese Bomb Fuze -A.3(A) Japanese Bomb Fuze -C.l(A) Japanese Bomb Fuze -B.l(A) Japanese Bomb Fuze -A.2(A)
Jap~ese Bomb Fuze -B.3(A)
~Re.t'.
2No.1 Issued Subject

43 IJapanese Bomb Fuze -A.4(A)
B/6/20 B/7/21 B/6/22

D/20/23
Deo
120 Deo 43 I Japanese
Bomb Fuze
-B.4(A)
,20 Deo 43 /Japanese

120 Deo 43 IDisposal
Bomb FUze -A.l(A)

of Gas Bombs and Missiles
D/20/24
'Pi 6 /25
13/6/26 E/22/27
20 Deo 43 I Treatment
11 Mar 44 j Japanese
of Inoendiary
Bomb Fuze Banb Fuze -A.1(a)
Agents
I, 11 Mar 44 I Japanese j 20 Deo 43
-B.3(B) and Esetc.
sential Bomb Disposal Common Hand Tools Tools,
(Anti-Japanese)
D/20/28 D/20/29 120 Deo 43 I Safety 120 Deo 43
I Types 0 aut
Precautions
of Cronouflets ions
Summarized
and Safety Pre-
B/2/30
D/20/31
20 Deo 43 I Summary 120
of Japanese
HE Bombs
Deo 43
1preoautions in out Equipment
the
Use
of
Steaming-
F/24/32
120 Dec 43
\
IReporting
Services
UXBs through
01 v11
Defence
F/24/33
120 Deo 43
IBamb Categories
and Priorities
F/24/34
\20 Deo 43 ~BambCemeteries

,20 Dec 43 jAbandon1ng of Bombs
A/1/35
E/21/36
j20 Dec 43
lJ1:xoavating
and Timbering
E/22/37
j 20 Dec 43 sterilization
Use of' Thermit Eqpt.
of' Japanese
Bombs-
I /38 / /39
ISpeoial ;20 Ref.
-3 Rei'. No.
/ /40
Issued Subject
/ /41 I
/ / /
/42
/43 /44 /45

20 Deo 43 , Banb Data -Tables
D/20/46 / /47
B/5/48
D/20/49
20
Dec
431
Japanese
Practice
Bomb
-31
Kg
20 -Deo
43
Precautions
when Handling Explosives

Precautions in
D/20/50 F/24/51
B/2/52
20 Deo 43
Elementary Safety Bomb Disposal Safety Precautions near UXBs
20Deo
431
for
Rail
Traffic
20 Deo 43,1 Japanese
GP, HE Banb,
Type
98-250
Kg
I
/
/ /
/53 /54
/55
/56
20 Dec 43
Explosives Used in Bombs
D/20/57
/58
I 159
B/2/60
20 Dea 43 I Japanese SAP. HE Bomb Type 99 -63 K~
No. I /61
D/20/62
Issued
Subject
20 Deo 43
Preoautions when Trepanning and Stemning-out Piorio Fillings

of a Bomb by Detonation
D/19/63
20 Dec 43 \ Destruction
I /64
B/2/65 A/1/66
B/7/67 B/8/68
20 Deo 43
Japane se SAP, HE Bomb Type 99 -
250 Kg
20 Deo 43 I Re~orts and Returns
20 Dea 43 \Japanese 20 Dea 43 I Japanese
Bomb Fuze
-B.2(A)
Bomb FUze -a.2(A)
I /69
I
/70
20 Deo 43 I Japanese 20 Dec 43 Smoke Float (Yellow Smoke)
B/5/7.1.
B/l1/72
B/6/73
Japanese Aircraft
20 nun
Cannan Ammn -
20
Dec
43
j Japanese
Banb
Fuze
-1..2(B)
D/19/74
B/5/75
20
Deo
43
I Destruotion
of
Bofors
Arnrnn 40
mm
20 Dec 43 20 Dec 43
Japanese
Japanese
Float
Flare,
Type 94,
1 -3 Kg
Modification AP, HE Bomb -800
B/2/76
20
Deo
43
I, Japanese ' I Japanese Flare
Bomb
Fuze
-B.2(B)
B/5/7B
20 Dec 43
Illuminating
Float
D/20/79
20 Deo 43 I Making 20 Deo 43
Camouflets
Safe Marker ("card-
B/B/SO
JaI>anese Navi~ation board tY1'e")
20 Deo 43
Evacuation
cf Danger Areas and

I
Safety Distances
IF/24/81 I B/'7/'7'7 Ref.
Ref'. No.
B/6/82
D/20/s3 B/6/84
Issued
20 Dea 43
Subject Summary of Japanese Bomb Fuzes

Works Bomb Fuze -A.3(B)
20 Dec 431 Protective 20 Dec 431 20 Deo 43 Japanese
E/2:1/85
Apparatus Reviving structions

Japanese Bomb Fuze
-Operating
In-
B/6/S6
E/23/87
20
Dee
431
-A.5(A)
20 Dec 4::;
stevens' Stopp,er Design II ing Instns
-Operat-
/ /
/88 /89
20 Dec 431 PrObee, Bamb, 6 ft.
20 Deo 431 Japanese Bomb Fuze -D.l(A)
20 Deo 43 Japanese craft) Pat:nphlet Container (Air-
E/21/90
B/9/91 B/5/92 B/l0/93

B/l0/94
20 Dee 43' Gaines, Boost~r Systems -Japan~s~

20 Dec 43
Magazines, Fuze, Incendiary Bomb Japanese
B/8/95
20 Dec 431 Japanese 20 pea 43
Bomb Fuze
-C.3(A)
B/2/96 B/6/97
B/9/98
Japanese GP, HE Bomb, Type 94 -50 Kg (InooI'porating Fuze C.3(A)

Japanese Bomb Fuze -A.2(C)
20
Dec
431
20
Deo
431
Japanese
Bomb
Fuze
-D.2(A)
B/4/99 B/2/100 B/7/101

9'.
20 Deo 43
Japanese Incendiary bomb, type 2 250 Kg (Electron/Steel Cylinders)

HE Cluster Bomb -1/3 Kg
20 Dec 431 Japanese
20 Deo 431 Japahese
Bomb Fuze -B.5(A)
-6 No. Issued
20 Deo 43 I Japanese 20 Deo 43 120 Deo 43
Subject
GP HE Bomb, Type 99 -30 K~
B/2/102
B/9/103
E/23/104
Japanese Parachute Flare ~'uze-D.3(A)

stethoscope, Operating Electrical, Instns Design IVB
B/7/105 B/5/106
//107
20 Dec 43
:20 Deo 43
Japanese Bomb Fuze -D.l(B) Japanese Parachute Flare (Aircraft) Illuminating
/108
120 Deo 43
E/21/109
1Trepanning and steaming-out Plant Des. III (Operating Instns) Detectors

IJapanese 32 Kg
E/21/110
120 Deo 43
20 Deo 43
ITP (Operating
Incendiary Bomb, (Phosphorous/Steel
Instns)
Type 99 Pellets) -
B/4/111
B/6/112
B/9/113
20 Deo 43 I Japanese 20 Deo 43 I Japanese 20 Dec 43 I Japanese 20 Deo 43

120 Dec 43
Bomb Fuze Bomb Fuze HE Cluster
-A.l(B) -D.2(B) Bomb -1 Kg
B/2/114 B/7/115 B/5/116
Japanese
Japanese
Bomb Fuze -B.5(B)

1/3 Kg HE Cluster Bomb
Container
120 Deo 43 r!ethods of Removal of Bomb Fillings Mixtures (Interim In-
E/22/118
120 Dec 43
Solidifying structions)
1 Principles diary Materials
D/20/119
120 Dec 43
f'or
Treatrent
of'
Incen-
B/9/120
120 Deo
43
Japanese Bomb Fuze -D.2(C)

Bomb Canister Fuze -D.4(A)
20 Deo 43 I Japanese
,B/9/121 D/20/11'7 Ref.

I
-7 No. Issued
20 Dee 43
Subject
RAE Responsibilities in Bomb Dis-
A/l/122 B/7/123
F/ 22/124 D/20/125
posal
13 Jan 44
Japanese Bomb Fuze -B.6(A) Fuze Extractor Artificial Design III (AUST)
20 Deo 43 20 Dea 43 20 Deo 43
Respiration lliarker, Type 0
B/5/126
D/19/127 B/5/128
Japanese Navigation
Modell
20 Deo 43 20 Dec 43
Demolition
Japanese
of Bombs in Dumps
Flare, TY1)e 94- 1 Kg
Float
/129
1 1.130 / /131
I 1132
/ / / /133 /134 /135
/ /136
/ / /137 /138
I /139
/
I
/140 /141
/ /142
II
Ret.
CHAP. A,
SEC.1.
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
J3
Em C., AM F.
BOMB DISPOSAL TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION.
ISSUED
20 DEC 43
GENERAL
INSTRUCTIONS
1.
SECURI~.
(a) This Manual will be kept a personal issue. Officers sible for its safe custody contents are disclosed only ted. by the unit. It is NOT holding it are responand will ensure that the to those who are affec-
(b) It used nnlst
is essential (including at all times
that British) ensure
the methods and apparatus in the disposal of unex-
ploded
bombs are denied imparted

persons. through the
to the enemy.
that knowledge
All
ranks
or
gained
1nf'o~ation
authorised (c) Publication
to
them is
press,
not di ~ged
or over the
to unair, of
any of the following

den
particulars of bombs
lack
to
is
STRICTLY forbid-
(i (ii
(iii
(iv)
Precise location Size of b(Xnbs

Difficulty or
of
difficulty
before
in
recovery
recovering
is at-
unexploded
Time tempted ~ Nature
bombs
elapse
allowed
(v (vi
(vii (viii)
(ix)
of
fuze
assemblies
T1nle and method of' removal

Use or existence of before
than
of fuzes
traps action
used
booby delay
digging,
in
fuzes bombs
to
or ex-
other
Time ~lode (x)
(xi)
parts
of' unexploded
other
bombs
recover
elapsing
Methods, bombs
Demolition
of
unexploded
of
bombs
bomb
in
situ
tech-
Degree niques
of' efficiency in use
disposal
(xii) tus
Any indication in use or
of about
the nature to be used
of'
special
appara-
(xiii)
Photographs
of
any of'
the
above
items.
2.
(a)
DISPOSAL PROCEDURE.
Wherever troyed in This will realized. possible, unexplOded bombs should be dessitu without handling or disturbance. be possible more often than is generally In such cases the fuze assembly should
be
destroyed
with
the
b(Xnb.
(b) When destruction

should be def'uzed f'or the particular
in
situ
is NOT permissible,
UXBs
at the fuze/s
site by methods laid down found fitted however long
ao'tothe bomb ma.v have fallen

(c)
viays be observed when destroying fuzed or unfuzed bombs in situ, or at a bomb cemetery or other suitable open area for destruction. to which they have been transported
Safety
Precautions
and Safety
Distances
must
al-
3. cavation
SAFETY PERIODS. -do\vn to

NO 1nlexploded
it
commenced, until
bomb should
a per~od of -
bed~sturbed,
or
ex-
IS'"
-2 125 hours 96 hours has elapsed from the time immediate disposal of the tor Japanese bombs, ~or German bombs the bomb actually bomb is essential or
fell UNLESS when
(ii
(iii
(i
~ Operations
are
The wareftort
at'f'ected is affected,
or
Invasion is either imminent or in progress locally, in wh:!-ch case no time limits will be observed and all unexploded bombs, mines, etc., will be dealt with immediately as they fall (any Category given merely indicates the priority of task)
4.
QAm.
work the
RELAXATION OF THE S~YWODRULE
IN -CERTAIN
which within
At the discretion of the CRE, the rule under may not be started on CATEGORY B and C bombs Safety Per,iods abovementioned maybe waived
in
the
following (a)
cases
lying' on the surface, an,d
bombS round
(b) bombs partially covered with debris, or which have penetrated underground but some portion of the bomb case isvis.ible
PROVIDED that
(i)
the responsible
the r~mb which is
RAE officer
is NOT ticking, fitted or
who carries
out
the reconnaissance
that fUze
can definitely and
ascertain
with a clockwork with a chemical long
delay
(ii) (iii)
type
fuze,
the disposal of other UXBs of higher ity is not thereby delayed, and early disposal is desirable.
prior-
5.
NON-~ENTIONOFSPECIMENS.
The retention of bombs and/or components as
forbidden. CEs tor instructional and CaRE may, howor other special
personal souvenirs is ever, retain specimens
purposes.
6.
S&VAGE.
Before bombs are handed over as salvage, they
must be COMPLETELY EMPTIED of' explosive

rem0ved. terior of sure that
and the
fuze/s
A visual inspection should be made of the inthe case, With a torah if necessary, to make every trace of the explosive has been removed.
No explosive finally
must be left down with
on the outside an oxy-acetylene
of the case as
imis
may occur after steaming-out. These precautions are portant as accidents have occurred when the bomb case
broken
torch.
7.
tions
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS -TRAINING.

Instruction in bomb disposal Safety Precauo~ and
should
be re~larly
undertaken.
Unit
Commanders
will ensure that all ranks are thoroughly alw~vs made to observe these Precautions.
aware
E IN C., AM F.
BOMB DISPOSAL
TEcrHNICAL INSTRUal'ION ~
RAE RESPONSIBILITIES
IN BO~m DISPOSAL
by its
The text of ENGINEER IN CHIEF'S TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONNO 43 issued under EO 2275 of 16 Nov 43 is repeated below for information of those probably not reached
original
distribution.
"BOMB DISPOS~
1. ~REWORD. This Tech Instn defines the responsibilities of RAE Units for bomb and ammunition disposal, and conforms with GRO's : G257 31 Jul 42, G341 30 Apr 43 and G407 28 May 43. 2. BOMB DISPOSAL PLS. (a) Bomb disposal Pls are LHQ Tps, but when allotted to a Formation or L of C Area they come under command of the HQ Formation or L of C Area, and being, RAE would came under the CE or CRE. When Bomb Disposal Pls are not required for thei~ primary
role of bomb disposal, them on engineer work, quickly resume disposal the CE or CRE should employ but arrange that they can duties if' necessary.
(b) Bomb Disposal Pls are responsible

(i (ii (iii
f'or :-
(iv
breaking-down of' service quested b'Y' an I 0 O.
full technique of' bomb disposal disposal or breaking-down of' enemy ammunition destruction of' blind rounds
annnuni tion when re-
3.
OTHER UNIT. RAE

(a) The f'ollowing RAE Units as detailed in para 3 (b) will :have responsibilities
Fd Sqns, Fd Coys, A Fd Coys and A Tps Coys, Div and Corps Fd Pk Coys, HQ AA and Frt Coys. (b) The above units (ii (iii are responsible for:-
(i
fUll
technique of' bombdisposa~
disposal of' enemy ammunition destruction of' blind rounds.
Army Tps Coys have certain additional responsibilities as derined in GRO G257 of 31 Jul 42.
4.
EQUI~1ImNT.
The RAEUnits of para 3 (a) do not hold as
Pls, but use when required.
mUch special equipment as the Bomb Disposal should be made of' Bomb DisPQsal Pl equipment
RAE Units other than Bomb Disposal Pls do not hold Trepann;i.ng nor Steaming-out apparatus. Scme special appliances for electrically fUzed bombs, although on the
W.E.T., til the will NOT be issued necessity arises; from AOD's but all thi6 (where now held) 'Inequipnent is issued
to,
and held
by Bomb Disposal
Fla.
/1
-2 6. TRAINING.
(a) CEs and CsRE are responsible This should be supervised by tended a Bomb Disposal Course. for officers unit training. who have at-
(b) CEs and CsRE should ensure that each unit detailed in para 3 (a) possesses at least 2 of'f'icers and 3 senior NCOs, who have qualified at a Bomb Disposal Course, as only personnel so qualified should defuze a bomb. (c) In Bamb Disposal Pls, only officers geants nornlally attend a Bomb Disposal are therefore the only personnel fUlly and serCourse, qualified and
to defuze
Tech for Instns passing
a bomb. issue
di~ect these to Instns
(d) E in C will
periodically
units. between OsC
Bomb Disposal
are officers responsible and NCOs
who have qualified

(e) A Bomb Disposal ally visit units ficiency, or will by a CE or CRE.
at a Bomb.DispoSal
SORE from E in to assess their be made available
Course.
C will periodictechnical efwhen requested
6.
ENEMYBOMBINTELLIGENCE.
New or varied types of enemy bombs and canponents will be despatched to E in C for examination. Before disposal an enemy bomb should, if possible, be examined by a ~alified office~ to determine if it is a new type. CEs and CsRE are responsible for sending bomb intelligence to E in C by fastest mail or by signal if ~portant.7.
.OTHER SERVICES.
Forces are. The ~esponsibilities of Allied understood to be as follows :Naval and Ai~
(a) ~
Naval mines, The disposal establishments are Naval shells and enemy bombs in or ships, and the disposal responsibilities. of of
(b) A1.rForce
(i) The disposal of bombs and shells in Force establishments, is an Air Force sibility Air respon-
(ii)
The disposal of Allied bombs in crashed ai~craft, or jettisoned Allied Bombs, is an Air Force responsibility."
(Sgd)
C. S. STEELE
Maj or General Engineer in Chief
NOTES ON SERVICE RESPONSIBILITIES
The division
alized in follovting para 7 above circumstances:-
of Service
may be subject
responsibility
to variation
generin the
"Mines" lrentioned in para 7( a) means parachute mine, German 'G' type mine or similar mine, and marine weapons whether -laid by ship or aircraft.
RAE may be emergency. called upon to dispose or these in
all
an
2.
the sive
Normal Navy method of disposal "mine" safe and subsequently charge.
is to first burn out the
render explo-
Assistance (a) perform
of the the the
RAE may be required latter work in situ, with
toor the same object,
(b) remove or (c) remove The
"mine" carcase. of the
elsewhere
3.
4,
consent
local
Commander
must
be obtained
before a "mine" is destroyed by explosion in situ. When this course is decided upon any beach and antitank mines in the proximity (up to 100 yds radius for a parachute or sea mine) should first be disarmed. When there is any difficulty in ascertaining whether it is an unexploded bomb or mine which has fallen in a harbour basin, wet dock etc., it should always be assumed to be a mine for disposal, whenever possible, by Navy.
5.
It
has been
agreed
between
the
three
Services
by
that the closest tained and that another will be
co-operation will always be mainassistance demanded of one Service readily given whenever possible.
"I
1.
E IN C., AM F.
RE;PORTS
AND
RmURNS
1.
GENERAL.
(a) The number 01' Reports and Returns required of Units RAE by E in C has been kept down to the necessary minimum for the central collation of operational and
technical statistics. that these statistics, against those received All when from Officers should realize examined as a whole and Allied Forces in other
theatres (i) (ii)
may have. a definite
bearing
on disposal
tech-
niques
which may be laid
down, and
of enemy methods RAE and Allied
enables a better and munitions 1'or Forces generally.
understanding the bene1'i t of
(b) While it is not to be expected that Units RAE only occasionally engaged in bomb disposal should render UXB WORKREPORTSas regularly as Bomb Disposal PIs in
operational so over areas, a suitable it is period most and desirable in the that they 1'orm prescribed. do
2.
also
~~g~AL REPORT.
refers) (a) in officer who has
(E in C Tech Instn
~alified at
No 43, :para 6
a Bomb Disposal
Course should
technical (b)
assist
in drafting
signals
of a spec~al
nature
A complete report, accompanied by detail drawings and photos (if possibre) of new or varied types of bombs, etc. must alway~be forwarded by fastest mail
even though the Specimens often 3.

duties
spec-imen itlfelf is to be consigned. get lost in transit. engaged in bomb disposal

will render through usual
REGULAR mURNS. Units RAE continually

(e.g. Bomb Disposal PIs)
RAE Channels to E in C fortnigtltly prescribed manner. (Form BD[). used for NIL returns. 4. UXB VfORK REPORTS.
These a;erequired for should be as complete and accurate will be completed in triplicate by
UXB WORKREPORTSin the Form AAF A.87 should be
statistical as possible. Units: the
purposes Form original
and BDl copy
forwarded
one copy passed to
by fastest
retained relief Units.
ma11 to E in C, one copy for from penetration
CRE and be
by unit.
Average figures 5.
ever the
data should
UNIT UXB RECORD. -Form BD. 2'~will

UXBs are other reported to for
be completed
disposal.
in duplicate
The original
whencopy
should
be retained
forwarded
by the
Unit
for
his
own record
information.
purposes
and
CRE for
6.
ing will probably
attack
DAILYREPORTS.
be made under arrangements of GEs. They would be necessary only durin~ periods of continuous air
(e.g. against Civil areas). Form BD.3 may be foundsuitable. Da1lyreports of bombs disposed of, or outstand-
Zl
...
~
I~ I~
C/J
.
~ .8 r:t: CU
c8
A
g ~
m
~ ~ ~~p
~O@ fll
~ 00
~i
~8 ~S
Q) OJ
.
p..
g
!O
.
~
N
01-' r;;: Pot
F;J ~
~ ~
0
'FIt
~
fJ ~
0
I-.
r-I m cIS G> A bD ~ G> (Q ~
tI)
E-i
~ E
z
0
~
~
C)
.
Q)
~ ~-I
~ tJ:!
~ ~ ~
3 ~
2u"tPtm~s~no
re
I7J ..bO ---d
..
~ ..:rJ
Old ~
~& ~
~ 0
oroI~ -td PI
..
I7J Q)
..
.pod ~ ~ C) ..~
aI 'rot ~ (d ~od(dG>
P9.r9,AOO9H
n':j.1"S U1"
'P9POTdX!if
~oroIoroI ~~(dC)
~~td~ ':;;!~~'1
O~.p8.
17J,aG>17J
~~~ re~2
~~
..-I Q
2 ~
~
::I
~ ~
~
. . !
""
~
t:~~~ ~
G> CI)
~~~
~
H 0
"'"
In
.n
boo
re
CI)
2.
3.
SER
1
Disposal Instns ceived from :-
UNIT U.X.B.
re-
RECOR~
FORMBD.2 Bomb
Serial No.
Date of'Message
(Date) I (Date)
I
/
(Time) (a) (b)

hrs (True) I
Date
of Bomb falling
hrs(Approx)
4 5
Location
Bomb Category lotted Report Verified
Al-
6 7
(Date) (Date)
/
I
I (Time)
/
Operations menced Operations

out by
ComI
(Time)
Carried
Size
9
(Name &~:~--
Type of Bomb Bomb Data How Fuzes dealt with How Bomb disposed
01'
10 11
a/set
ft.
12
13
I Operat1ons
Com(Date) Given
pleted
/
I
I
I
(Time)
14
Clearance
(Date)
(Time)
15
Special Remarks (Sketches oveI'leaf if neoessary)
Reoord entered
(Name & Rank)
by
'-'"
"" 'Rule ~gonally
'" "'in RED'when Se~.
Designation
21
14A's completed. -'
"
~ ft. Pen. I hrs. I hrs.
4.
FORM BD. ~
As at 1800 brs.
DAILY REPORT
Date
(Unit)
UXBs
NO.
REMARKS
Daily 'all
Dealt with
Discredited
Delay Action
Category
Ai
A2
B 0 D
i
~
0
IQ
TOTAL
SPECIAL
REMARKS
-(Name
&. Raiik)
E IN C., AM F.
BOJ.ffi DISPOSAL
TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION.
ABANDONING OF BOMBS
1.
fallen,
INTRODUCJrION. --Cases may arise

cannot be reached
in which a bomb, knoim to have

after excavating.
pen when the bomb has penetrated
into
running
This
sand,
may hap-
alluvial soil or waterlogged ground. The question will then arise whether the bOlnb may properly be abandoned, or it is necessary to take special steps (e.g. employment of special equiIJnent) to discover the bomb. Factors to be taken into consideration will include the size of the bomb,
when it
property
.t'ell,
nature
o.t' the ground, it

and the
importance
possibility
of nearby
of vibra-
tion affecting sumed.
and installations,
the bomb if
is
abandoned and traffic
re-
2.
NOTAFFECTED OPERATIONS. BY
For areas on the Australian mainland not aff'ected by operations, the f'inal deoision as to whether the bomb should be abandoned is normally given by the Civil Def'enoe authorities after a teohnioal report has been submitted by the responsible RAE Of'f'ioer, and all relevant f'aotors have been oonsidered.' When an unexploded bomb is thus abandoned, of' the f'aot should be made in the usual Bomb DisReport and oare taken to keep a proper unit reoord
mention posal
of' the 3. usual which
site
and oiroumstanoes
f'or
fUture
ref'erenoe.
AREAS AFFECTED BY OPERATIONS. In areas of' aotive operations it will be unto take any aotion in respeot of unexploded bombs do not interfere in any way with the conduct of' oper-
ations.
As a Base Area is developed later with L of C installations and c<mnunications, unexploded bombs may come to light. These should be dealt with as newly fallen bombs. In no case must it be assumed that a bomb becomes progressively safer to handle as time elapses, and the
usual precautions
laid
down will
always be observed.
When work on the recovery of a bomb is abandoned in Base Areas, precautionary measures should first be taken which will ensure a reasonable presumption that the bomb will not be exploded at a later date by any nomal traf'.t'ic or building operations. These measures are (i) the explosion of a charge as near as practicable to the estimated position of the bomb and (1i) the establishment of a permanent record of the estimated position and size of the bomb. A suitable charge is 20-50 lbs of explosive according to the type of soil. The usual Safety Pe~iod and precautions should be observed against the possibility of a fuze being rendered active. After this period the work of making good the excavation can be undertaken. The permanent record should preferably be a concrete pillar inscribed "UXB". If the bomb lies in an area likely to be developed for-Military use, a record should also be made by the local ORE on his plans or maps.
.:IS"
CHAP. B.
SECS; 2-11
JAPANESE
BOMBS, AMMUNITION,
Sec. 2: 3: 4: 5: 6:
7: 8: 9:
ETC.
H.E. Bombs. AI:lti-personnel Bombs Incendiary Bombs Miscellaneous Aerial Missiles Fuzes, Serial A
" " " "B "C "D
10: 11:
Gaines, Booster Systems & Magazines Ammunition
27
E IN C., AM F.
JAPANESEH.E.
CHARACTER! STI CS. (a) (b) The bomb utilizes
CLUSTERBOMB-1/3
Kg
the
body
01' Fuze
B.5(A) is
as part employed
01' its
own construction
01' a hollow-cone charge
The principle
2.
DETAILS.
Dimensions: Lengths -overall. body incl. tail tube tail unit 01' barrel.. 1~" nose ..~" 2" 4" 1*"
Diameter
Barrel Wei~hts: Burster

Booster Total
\iall
thic1aless -TNT/RDX
RDX RDX
3/100" ..104
4.6 5.7 114.3
charges
charge charges
grams
" " "
Colour :
Markinr;.s:
BLACK body and nose ALUMINIUM -like tail YELLOWi"
tube and fins
band around barrel.
3.
cluster
j!!.
of ARMY Airforce '76 bombs in bomb which is a container (see carried in a B1J!'I B/5/116).
Bomb is mainly
and grounded. constructions. Other suitable
for
AA usage,
targets
both airborne
AFVs and
include
4.
DESCRIPl'IO!.
(See diagram) 3 main structural for ballistic portions: purposes is
The banb comprises (a) ~ose Die~. Attached
a hollow dcmed-cone constructed of 1/50" thickness sheet steel. (In UXBs, the nose will tend to collapse on impact with hard surfaces.)
(b)~. The barrel wall is of pressed steel 3/100" thickness, ,and bent over to retain the nose piece. Located in the body is a hollo\v-cone of thin pressed steel. The main burster charge of TNT/RDX is cast in the space between the cone and the body walling. Cast in the neck of the body is a smaller burster charge of RDX which serves as a subsidiary booster. .(c) Ta!l ~ss~mblY is constructed duralumin (aluminium-like in prises (i) Tail screws tube over (or the tail neck wholly of appearance) anodised and com-
extension piece) which of the body and is
threaded at the rear end to receive the body of fuze B.5(A). The septum. is perforated centrally to take an initiator. A cup containing a burster charge or RDX (5.'7 gr6ms) fits 1ne1do a cardboard cylinder, both sliding into the tube below the septum.
2"
1.
(iii)
Tail conical
wi th hexagonal-strutting
fin un~~. fuze body
3 fins and are
of shape and length

closes descent.
are screwed to the braced mid-length
as shown. A hexagonal-shaped plate their extreme end to ensure vertical
5.
bomb. 6. plete
FUZIN~.
Tail For fuze B.5(A) is a structural part of the description see BDTI B/7/101.
DISPOSAL. Wherever bomb (see
.-
possiblet
destroy
in
situ
the
com-
NOTES 1 and 2).
7.
:fRECAUTIONS ~ HANDL.I~.
In UXBs, the arming screw will generally be
found missing. In some cases it may be only partlY withdrawn. In both conditions the bomb is dangerous and the following precautions should be observed when
necessary to handle -
(a) Pick up bomb by the middle
and carry
it.
HORIZONT-
ALLY.
(b) Avoid jolting and,do NOT drop
: -If' f'or any special reason dismantling is necessary, do NOT attempt to unscrew the tail cone first. Instead, commence di3mantling "!:ram the nose end. Keep the bomb HORIZONTALuntil the booster container is f'inallyextracted.
JAPANESE
H.E. (CLUSTER) BOM B. 3 KG.

INCORPORATES FUz.E B. 5 (A).
USE -ARMY AIRFORCE
.La'
I REFER
EIN C. BDTI
B/2/100
t:"':\-~ ~
'-"
'"""
.--,-.' .
@~
0---L
~
Ji.
0.. 8DOSTt~
DE:TONATOR
"'@
/
/
/ TAIL FIHS NOT SIKIQ
DtTAIL
AND
-.:.;
ARMING
"- TRANSIT
SAJ'E'l'I WIRE
CUPS
~
"'"""
(TIllE SHAPE NOTIaWWN)
51ZDETAIL
Q!
(,
./
(5)--
@ ~-:;f::':",:"';:'.].~. 0~~~' :. x ".:; ~ :'.YELLOW

BlIND
1::':-:')
v
ELEVATION. SECTION
~ Soale in
1 Inche.
LEGEND
ITDi
1. 2. 6. 5. 6. lIOSE PIECK CDlTR.IL CONE CONE CAP ~AIL roBK BWY or FUZE
8UDIAL
S'rm. STmL
rra
LBAD AZIDZ ~AIRD alP HOLDER
I(a'QIAI. ;i1~. ALIIMIHmK i AL\JMINmK BRASS
~. BODY CASIlIG
15. 16. DURALUIIIIf 17.

STEEl. DURALUIIIIf
STmL
DETONATOR HOLDER CREE!' SPmIIG INERrIA FElJ.ET
STDL
STEEl. STEIl.
R.D.X./T.lI.T. (SO/50) ABD P.E.T."
18.
CAllDBOAmJ 8. BOOSTER GONTAINER ALUllIlfIUK 20. g .WASIIER ALUllIlfIUK I 21. 10. BLUE Sn.E GJWZE 22. J.L. 12. BLUE ~n.K GJWZE WASIIER ALUMINIUM 24 ;
7 .CYLIlIDER
CKlIDE scan18. INITIATOR

BJIiSTER
BJIiSTER
BOOS'rBR
TAn. rIBS
R.D~X.
I LXAD AZIDI R.D.X.
23. DE'rQNATOR
OORAI1lKm
SI
~
,I :
I 113.
E IN C., AM F.
BOMB DISPOSAL
TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION. JAPANESE H.E. CLUSTERBOMB-1 Kg
Inoorporates Fuze B.5(B) 1.

this
REFERENCE~.
Tech Instn.
DETAIL. Overall length (incl. fins). 16~ inB
Length of body (incl. nose). sf ins Diameter of body 1-13/16 ins Wall thicJmess of body.. ..0.0'7 ins V/idth of tail.. 1-25/32 ins ~eights: Total weight (excl. nose).. Fillin~(HEXANITE and ANISOL) Charge/weight ratio 1.01 Kg 313.5 grams 31%
BDTI B/7/115
should
be read
in conjunction
with
2.
Dimension:
Colo)::,!::
Markin-"B:
Body -BLACK (aBS1]Jned) Tail unit -unpainted TIN

"Anchor" id~ograph stencilled tail denoting NAVY Airforce in purple type. on
~
(a) This bomb is one of a cluster (probably 40 in all) carried in a container which separates after release from the aircraft and scatters the cluster.
(b) Due to the application 1/3 Kg H.E. type) probable grounded aircraft, AFVs, tures. of the shaped charge (as in targets include airborne and oil installations and struc-
4.
DESCRIPTION. (See diagram) The bomb consists (a)~.

crimped of thin of thin
This face. ring
of 3 main structural
portions:-
A side-welded cylinder
of sheet steel is
near the nose to retain internally a cone made pressed steel. A hemispherical ballistic cap pressed steel is fitted at the nose end.
would tend to collapse on impact with a hard surThe rear end of the cylinder is crimped to a which screws into the base of the fuze body.
(b) Fuze bo~v.

(c)
For description
see BDTI B/7/115.
Tail unit. This consists of a light sheet tin cone secured to the fuze boay by 4 mnall screws, and 4 fins of s~lar material soldered to the cone. A tin cylinder li" wide braces the fins, protects the vanes from damage and assists their rotation. Extending the full length of the tail unit and passing through the cone is a reach rod terminating -at t he arming vanes,
5.
FUZING. The fuzing system, known as fuze B. 5(B), is inend of the bomb body. Refer to BDTI
corporated in the rear B/77115 for details.
33
3.
-2 -
6.
FILLIN~.
The ma1n r1ll1ng 1s HEXANITE and ANISOL (37/63 approx) cast in the space between the cone and the body casing. The rear end is rormed to take a small ga1ne. .
7.
DISfOSAL.
(a) Destruction:
Wherever situ
.destroy the complete bomb in
possible,
(b) H_@dlinp: Bomb: When the Safety Detent Pin and Reach Rod are missing in tfx.Bs, the striker needle is either held
off the or more detonator probably cap only by a light has pierced the 'cap. creep spring In both
conditions the bomb is dangerous to handle. If necessary to do so, pick up bomb by the middle, carry horizontally, avoid jolting and do NOT drop it. (c) Re~derin~ Before UXB the with an B/10/93, that the sG2 (provisional)
handling, dismantling or transporting a fuze should be treated wher~ver practicable approved explosive neutralizer (see BDTI para 14) on the fairly certain assumption detonator is pierced.
JAPANESE
H. E. (CLUSTER) BOMB- I KG.

INCORPORATES USE;NAVY AIRfORCE FUZE REFER B.5(B) EINC B.D.1:I. B/2/114
/DBOauX
f-~
AlllING
VAKES
~
--ARIWIG WIRE
CYLINDRICAL TAIL BRACE
TAn. FINS 1L1g1it Sheet Tin)

IiXAC2l ROD
r
A ..TAn. CONE
/SAn:rY
D~
PIH
FUZE B.5(B)
WRiliQinAT
WALL mICKNJ25
BUIIBTJ:R ~E
BOKB BODY
0.07 1ndl""
~:~:.~;::~:. ..
, . "'.
(Sheet Steel 0.0'" thickness welded -unpaintsd) HOu.OW CONE
...
-.UOSE CAP
"-- --
'm
_REACH ROD
ELEVATI<JI
~aB
A-a
E IN C., AM F.
BOMB DISPOSAL
TECHNICAL INSTRU~ION. JAPANESEG.P., H.E. BOJim, 'l"fPE 99 -30 Kg
1.
D~AILS.
Dimensions: Overall Dimneter
Wall thickness of body Length of body Length of tail.. Diameter over tail fins
Main filling Charge/weight TNT/RDX (50:50). ratio
length of body
9{32 ins 2'4"f" 1'14" 8;\- ins

11! Kg 3~&
2'9;}" 5~ ins
Wei~ht~:
Colour:
Mark.in~~:
2. force. USE. -
Painted BLACKoverall
YELLO\V and a vVHITE band, each ~" around body forward of suspension
General Purpose (GP) bomb for use by
wide, lug.
Aro~ Air-
3. tion BDTI
DESCRIprION. (See diagram). The general construcis similar to that of the 50 Kg H.E. bomb described in B/2/4. The bomb consists of the following portions :(a) Barrel (1), which is a cylinder of 9/32" thickness steel, is threaded at the fore end to screw on to the nose piece {2)t and is secured thereto with a single grub screw (10). A swinging suspension lug is
fitted at the point of balance. (b) Nose-piece (2) of' cast steel
a f;hreacl-for screw~ (9), thread of' (c) Tail unit, werded to tor (7) is of a tail Four fins cone and, type struts
machined
down to
f'o~
screwing into the barrel. Two grub diametrically opposite, engage in the the nose fUze and secure it. the cone (3) of' which is 3/16" steel, is the rear end of the barrel. A steel adapwelded to the apex of the cone for fitment fuze also secured by two grub screws. (4) of' sheet steel are spot welded to the at their extreme end, are rivetted to box(6).
5. MAINFILLI~. The nose piece, barrel and tail cone are se~aratelY' filled with a ccmbination of TNT and RDX (50: 50), which is of a hard nature and white in colour. The explosive is made up in block fo~ wrapped in a cardboard covering. A cardboard separating disc is placed at each
end of
the
barrel
f'illing.
6. ~. No~al fUzin~ will probably be both NOSE FUZE A.~\AJ and TAIL FUZE B.llA), together with exploder systems normal for each of these types. 7.
~a
DISPOSAL. (Bomb filled and fuzed as above) e r~oval : See appropriate BIYrIs. b JJemo1i~ioa f'a.zed or unfuzed) : Nomal methods. c i~~~~i~-r if' nose piece not removable) : Permissible, but see BIYrI D/20/62 for Special Precautions. (or boiling-out) : Pemissible, but by improvised methods -see BDTI D/20/31
(d)
Steami~-out
(e)
B~rnin~-ou~
Not pe~issible.
J7
JAPANESE
G. P. BOMB
U5E:ARMY AIRFORCE
TYPE
REF"ER
BoD.T.I. B/2/102
ELEVATION
SECTION
~ ~
~
1012:3456
1_& ~ ~ ~
TAIL
Scale
in Inches
E IN C., AM F.
TEcm~ICAL INSTRUCTION
BOMB'DISPOSAL
JAPANESE G.P.,
H.E.
BOMB, 'l'YPE 94 -50
Kg
D~AIL. DiJnensions: Overall 1 engt Il. Lengtll of body. Diameter of barrel

Tilickness Tilickness of of barrel wall tail fins..
3'4~" 2'10!" 7i ins
(aver.)
7 mm (9/32" 2 rom
approx)
Weignts:
Filling " "

Total
-nose block... barrel block.. tail block...

weight of filling. I-atio
7 lbs 30 lbs 5 lbs

42 lbs
PICRIC " "

"
Charge/weigllt
39% approx.
Colour: !I\arkins~:
BLACK overall (a) RED band, -1" wide, on tip of nose piece
(b) One YELLOW and one ~mITE band, each about 1" wide, around barrel f'oNard of suspension
(c) "50 K" stencilled near nose piece. in white paint on barrel
2.
3.
~.
A Gen~ral Purpose (See (GP) bomb in comnon use by the DESCRIPTIO~. diagram) 3 separate portions:The bomb comprises
ARMY' Airforce.
(a) Barre}. (1)"/3'4 ws-)
A cylinder 7-lJ" external diameter of 7 Imn thiclmess steel. The fore end is threaded
screw lug on to the is fitted nose piece. at the point machined into the A swinging of balance. down and barrel.
internally to type suspension (b) Nos~ threaded
~i~ce of steel, (8 t.p.i.) for
which is screwing
(c) Tail unit. The cone is butt welded to the barrel and at the apex an adaptor, threaded internally, is welded on to take a tail fuze. Four fins, either "T" or spot welded to the cone, are braced at their ex-
treme end with
box-type
struts.
4.
FILLING.
The filling consists of 3 separate preformed blocks of PICRIC ACID. The nose block is pressed crystalline powder, the barrel block is cast whilst the tail block is pressed crystalline powder with a cast central core about twice the width of the exploder tube and extending from the closed end or the exploder tube to the rore end or the block.
Each block
thiclmess. placed A barrier The nose inside the
is wrapped in cardboard
consisting or a relt disc
approx.
1/4"
1/16"
thick
and a waxed cardboard the blocks
disc
3/16" is filled
thick
is placed paraffin
between wax.
eachblock.
block rits against a shaped wood block ruze opening. A space 3 Imn wide between
and the casing
with
19
1.
-2 A pocket 2i" Picric pellets formed in the deep (one tail is formed in a ring pellet). blook to take the an nose block A pocket exploder
to 5" tube.
take deep
2 is
5.
FUZIN~. Fuzes Nose Tail generally Fuze Fuze used A.2(A) B.l(A) are :-
and modifications " '! and fuzed as above)
6.
DISPOSAL. (a) (b) (c) ~zeremova!
(Bomb filled :
See appropriate or nose

BDTI
BDTIs. : Normal removable)

for Speoial
Demoli!iQB(f'uzed Trepannin;t.
but
unt'uzed) pieoe
D/20/62
methods. : Per-
(if
see
not
missible, tions.
Precau-
(d) Steam1n~-out by improvised
(or boiling-out) methods (see
BDTI
: Permissible. D/20/31).
but
(e) Burnin~-Qu!
Not permissible.
E IN C., A M F.
BOMB TECHNICAL DISPOSAL INS'l'RUC'l'ION. ~ REF. B/2/96 NO. ; j I
ISSUED
20 DEC 43
CHAP. BI Sec. 2
JAPANESE G.P., H.E. BOMB,TYPE 94 -50 InQoI-porates Fuze O.3(A)
Kg
1.
(a)
REFERENOE.
BDTI which B/2/4 resembles -description subjeet bomb of 50 Kg, Type 94, bomb '
(b)
BDTI
B/S/95
-description
of
FUze C.3(A)
2.
DW;i'AILS.
~imens1ons: Overalllengthe. Length of body.. Diameter of baI'l'el. 3: 3-[:: 2 9! 7-1"
Wall ~i~ Wei~hts:
thiela1.ess.. nose fUze
opsatng
9l32" 2~"
Total weight (fUzed).. 110 lbs Bomb empty (inol~ fUze).. ~... 67 lbs Fuze C.3(A).. 9lbs Burster charge (PICRIC ACID) ..43 lbs Charge/weight ratio 39% BLACK (painted) A YEI.LOW and a WHITE band, each 1" wide around barrel forward of suspensione only ARMY Airforoe type for long delay. (See in diagt"am) with the 50 Kg Type EXCEPT for the folGeneral Purpose (GP)
Colour: Mark1n~s: 3. bomb, 4. y!. fuzed
DESCRIPrIOn.
Construction 94 H.E. bomb described lowing differenoes :-
is identioal BJY1'I B/2/4,
(a) The nose is machined down 1" to provide a fUze opening 2itt diam. to take a C.3(A) fUze. This has reduoed the maximum 'Width of nose wall from i" to iff (b) The fins, at their extreme end, are fitted with a
closing plate.
5. FILLING:. oharge same as desoribed formed in nose blook will in BDTI PV2/4 take a C.3(A) Burster except that pooket fuze and booster.
s.
~.
at Only the ohemioal nose. long delay fuze type C.3(A) can
be fit1~ed
7.
DISPOS.!T:I.. (BOmbfilled
~a ~ Demolition:
and fuzed as. above)
Normal ~thods b ~ze removal: For ~ze O.3(A:1 see BIYl'I B/8/95 c 'l're'P~1n5 : May be tl'e:panned AF'l'ERfUze has
been immunized, to unscreW nose but normal :piece methOd is
(d) Steam1n&t-o2t: May be steamed-out AFl'ER ~ze has been imnunized, NEVER BEFORE ( e) Bu~1n&t-out : NEVER permissible.
"J
.
I
~
'-
,H
'." "
'
I!
'.,~
.:
..' .,
~!
@-\
: .:
.:?
'. .:'
"
.."'
@'
"".',
~o' ~::':'~,
0:: :
~
1'-.j
"
.'
..
-:.
, : .;.; ...,'
(f)--::J~~~~7-~
:.~:
:,.'. .' -" "
.' ',', , ,
,;, '"
0--
t"
@) 'yJ. .
(!)~ ~
~
@-@
PART
1001
(iY'
SECTION
;13
ELEVATION
10 2 4 6 8 10 I_" ~ ~ '"" -8cale in Inches
Sclile
in
Inches
~
~ *-
E IN C., A}II F. BOMB DISPOSAL TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION'. JAPANESE G.P. H.E. BOMB, ~PE 97 -60 Kg
~~AIL.
Dimensions: Diameter Length Overall or orbody.. length.. barrel.. ..
3t~II
Total Wall
thickness.. weight
(excl.
f'uze)
9'32ins
130 lbs
..
77 ins
2t8~11
Wei~ht:
Fill1n~ Empty bomb(see para 4)..
GREY Charge/weight overall
80 lbs
(aver.)
II
50 lbs
II
ratio
38i% approx.
details
have
Colo~:
Markin~6: ~~,
"
Though structural
above, lows:colour markings
are unirorm
varied as
, as
rol-
Example A : (land use) HEXANITE and ANISO~ rilling 1" BLUE band around barrel aft Two thin RED lines diametrically
length of body.
or suspension opposite and :f'ull
GREEN tail Exanmle~

Same as A
fin
but
struts.
blue band is absent.
: Cast PICRIC filling
ExamDle C : HEXANITE and ANISOL filling Same as .\, plus 1" BLACK band two-thirds
barrel and above blue band.
around
Example D : HEXANITE and ANISOL filling -:f,r-BLUE band around barrel aft or suspension
GREEN tail rin struts
3" GREEl'lband on tip

Same as D plus standard
of nose
2 thin RED lines
Example E : HEXANITE and ANlSOL filling Ex~ple

No colcur
F : (land
mark1ngs.
use)
cast
PICRIC filling
2.
3.
~.
General Purpose
(see
(GP) type
diagram)
banb for
use by NAVY
Air.force.
DESCRIPrION. This (a) ~arrel.
bomb consists A cylinder
o.f 3 main o.f 9/32"
structural
portions steel.
thickness
Suspension is Navy type eye-bolt

(b) ~ose ~ie~ the machined in 2 rows o.f tinuous weld. in the 'thread
\velded on.
o.f cast steel. The barrel ,slides over down portion and is secured by 20 rivets 10 each. The joint is sealed by a conA grub screw through the nose engages o.f the fuze.
1,5"
1.
-2 (c) Tail unit, comprising a coupling ring, tail cone and 4 fins. The shaped steel coupling ring is screwed t~ the barrel by 28 screws in 2 rows of 14 8s:ch. The tail cone, of 3/1611 th1claless steel, is secured ~ the coupling ring by a single row of 24 rivets and the joint sealed by a continuous weld. A steel disc is welded into the apex of the cone for sealing. 4 sheet steel fins are either spot welded or T-welded to the cone and braced at their ~xtreme end with box-type struts lightly rivetted to the fins.
4.
fILLIN_G.
Filling may be either cast PICRIC ACID or HEXANITE and ANISOL (see Examples, para 1). In each case, the barrel and the nose are filled in the one operation and the tail cone separately. The usual felt and paper discs fill the gap between the 2 fillings.
5.
6.
EUZIN_G.
only is fitted. and fuzed Fuze most comas above) ~ISPOSAL. (Bomb filled
A nose fuze monly used is A.3(A).
(a) fBze removal: (b)

(c)
See appropriate : Normal methods.

:
BDTI.
~emolition
Irepannin~
Permissible, but see for Special Precautions ~ing is PICRIC ACID.
BDTI D/20/62 if fil-
(d)
(e)
te~-oqt
~urnin~-~t
: Pennissible.
: Permissible if BEXANITE and ANISOL filled. NOT permissible if PICRIC filled.
JAPANESE
G. P
USENAVY AJRF"ORCE
TYPE 97 -60
REFER E IN C
KG.
B.D. T I
8/2/5
WELD--pOSITION or RID LDiE
NOTE:FOR TYPICAL COLOR IlARKINGS SU PARA 1
TAIL jL-
-VIEW lO!f.n _"~
---smUT
TAIL FIN
.I WELD
..:.::, ~
SINGLEROW
OF 24 RIVE1B
:'::\;
:: COUPLINGRING
28 SCRrIIS
IN TiC ROWS .':
D.T DISC
PAPJ1i DISC
POSITION --01' BAND
';:'-.k1'
SUBPIBION En-BOLT GREY BODY
~:'~':
:,'
":
",
I:"
'
Wn.D ao INRIvrrs TWO
~:" :,'!;
ROWS
:::,~';I
:~BURSTmI CHARGE
: ';,':R
GRUB SCREW
~
ELEVATION
'"
"POSITION OF RED LINE (,.L60 OPPOSITESIDE)
SECTION
Ifl
E IN C., AM F.
BOJ.mDISPOSAL TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION.
JAPANESEG.P.,
H.E.
BOMB, TYPE 98 -60
Kg
DNrAIL.Dimensions:
Overall length 386" Length of body 2'10" Diameter of barrel. gill. Th1claless of barrel wall. 5b6" Width of tail f'1ns gi" Diam over tail fins 1~" Thickness of' tail fin. ..1/16"Weights:
Burster (PICRIC ACID) ...821bs Total weight. 135 lbs Charge/weight ratio 60.6% Colour : Mark1n~~ : G~
(a) BLUE :pension band around barrel above sus-
(b) GREEN tail
struts
2.
Jl.!.
NAVY A1rforce ~ESCRIPTION. type G.P. b~.3. (See diagram) b~ closelr (solid oil) structural por-
correspond bomb.
The with
external dimensions of this the 60 Kg Type 98 Incendiary 3 separate
tionB
:-
The bomb comprises
(a) Bar!:e!. A cylinder of gi" external diameter formed of 5/16" thickness steel. The nose end is threaded internally for screwing on to the nose piece. Dual suspension provided is normal Navy Airforce eyebolt type.
(b) Nose piece, of steel, is machined do\vn' and threaded for screwing into the barrel. The joint
is sealed on a boss with a continuous weld. formed at the nose end. The fuze seats
(c) Tail unit. A shaped coupling ring is securea to the barrel with rivets (or screws) in 2 rOV1S of 16 each. A tail cone fits over the ring and is continuous-welded to the barrel. Four fins of sheet steel are spot welded to the cone and are braced at their extreme end wi th box-type struts (for variations see NOTE 1 below).
4.
FILL~NG.
c The ,PICRIC ACID (Lyddite) burster charge is assumed to be in cast form. The nose piece and the remainder of the bomb case are filled in separate operations. The usual felt and paper discs are placed in the gap between the two fillings. The nose portion is formed to take a Navy type standard gaine (for variation in filling see NOTE 2 below).
#,
1.
-2 -
5.
FUZm~.
ProviSion is made for' a nose fuze only.
A.l(A), A.3(A) or A.3(B)
It
is probable used.
that
either
may be
6.
DISPOSAL.
(Bomb filled
and fuzed as above) B11l'I for fuze found
(a) Fuze rem~al.

(b) Demolit~on.
~
fitted.
Nonnal
See relevant
m3thods.
(c) Trepanni~~. (d) (e) Steamin~-ou~. Burnin~-out.
Permissible, but see BDTI D/20/62 .for Special Precautions. NOT permissible.
NOTE 1. :Variation in .fin bracinp:. Some recent types o.f above bomb have 4 sets o.f .fin bracing by way o.f an inner and an outer set at their extreme end as well as midlength. These struts are o.f 1/32" thiclmess sheet steel and It'! wide, bent .for welding to the .fins. In each case the outer struts are box-type and the inner struts are arranged cylinder-type.
NOTE 2 :Variation in .filli~. A bomb with

HEXANITE and as .fcllows:-
struts
as
in
NOTE
.for
1 above was .filled banbs so .filled is
ANISOL.
Disposal
(a) (b) (c)
Demolition. TrepanniBP:. Steaminlt-out.
Normal
methods
Permissible. Permissible, provided

.fuze,
a chemical
e.g. C.2(A)
long delay nose is NOT .fitted.
(d)
Burnin$t-out.
Permissible.
H.E
USE -NAVY
JAPANESE G.P BOMB. TYPE

AIRFORCE
GRED 1AIL SmuTS
REFER
E.IN C BDTI
B/2/6
it"
WELD
'(
/n~
~n
, ..'; "'" ' I ., .'
".'
.
,
'.I, .,. "

," ..
HI
EAaiROW
BAND
" ;' '. :"'~I , -:

.,' ,'" ,_.;,
';- :-~-;~~\ 7~
,. ..~
J
.' ---:--:-' 1 '. ;
:."', ' ,,'
,;
,,,",';.H " , /',

.:.
!JJSPENSlOO- Q.
KYKBOLT -xr",.
~.,' fi .'.
.,
..,
':
" .',
..'
DIA.,. . ~' " , ,~ ' ' ~
32 RInT HQLES (SPOT m.Dm> IFRIVE'mNG
-~::_~:::.
,.~..::'~~'
---"...";,,
""', ,:, '('."
ORIGINALLY INTENDED BUT NOT Usm>J
~:';(;..-;:',"-~:; -,/I] 'A ," ,'. ,...'

, , " ., ..' ':",v)
r , J " '/4
:.-
r- '..'"' .1,- .
WRLD
.r
-,
IF'
',',..M , J"'i
ELEVATION
SECTION
REAR
END ELEVATION
18
6 0 SCALE IN INailS
6
SECTION
12
X-X
S-I
E IN C" A 111 F. BO}.!B DISPOSAL TECImICAL INSTRUCTION.
JAPANESE S.A.P.,
H.E.
BOMB, TYPE 99 -63
Kg
DNrAILS.
Dimnsions: Overall length.. 3'6i"
Length of' body 2'14" Diameter of' barrel. ..9" JAin wallthiclaless ...*" Width of' tail f'ins ...8-1" Diameter of' tail f'ins .12i"Wei~ht~: Total weight (UUfuzed). 138 lbs (62.6 Kg)
Filling: Colour:
Charge/weight ratio
(PICRIC ACID).
..50.7 %
,
70 lbs
GR:E.Y (painted)
GREEN'tail fin struts
dianetrically of body.
Ma~k1nflJ3: GREEN band on nose 3"

RED LINES (2) full length opposite and
2.
lightly
!!I.
NAVY Airforce armoured targets S.A.P. ordinary (e.g; ships). bomb mainly for
3.
DESCRIPl'ION.
Bombcomprises 2 main structural portions:(a)~. The body and nose are of cast steel and maCEIne turned. Provision is made in the nose for fi tment of a fuze and a grub acrew to seCUI'e it
A base plate screws and is secured thereto engaging in the flange into the rear end of the body by a 3/16" diam grub screw thread
Suspension is normal Navy type eyebolt.

(b) Tail unit. fits ov~r the flange and is set screws A hollow tail cone of sheet steel upper portion of the base plate secured thereto with 20 -3/16" diam
Four fins are ri vatted to the cone and are braced at their extreme end with box-type struts secured by single rivets. The fins are distinguishable by their broadness.
4.
FILLING.
charge is PICRIC ACID (LYDDITE) one operation. The tail cone is
The bursting cast in the bomb in the empty of explosive.
5.
probably
FUZING.
Provision is used is A.1(C). . made for a nose fUze only. Fuze A.3(A) has also been Fuze foundfitted.
,1
1.
-2 -
6.
DISPOSAL.
(Bomb filled
and fuzed as above) BDTI for fUze
(a) Fuze removal. (b) Demolition. (0) Trepannins.

~
See relevant fitted.
Normal methods
Permissible, but see BDTI D/20/62 for (d) Steam1nJ1;-.2u~. Special Precautions. (e) BurninJ1;-QS~. NOTpermissible.
NOTE~ :- Colour variations The following variations in colour and colour

markings have been recorded. Construction ~orresponds exactly with bomb above described but type of burster charge is uncont'irme,ll. Colour:
GREYtail
GREENbody
uni t
nQ.m
E IN 0.,.
A M F.
BOMB DISPOSAL TEOImIOAL INSTRUCYION.
JAPANESE G.P. H.E.
BOMB, TYPE 94 -100
Kg
DETAILS.
Dimensions: Overall length 4'5" -, Length of body 3 10" Diameter of barrel. 9i" Barrel wall thiolaless ...13/32" Length of' tail.. ltgf" Width of' tail f'ins 91" Diameter over tail fins ..llf" Wei~hts: Total weight..
Fill~ (PICRIC ACID) ...51
100 Kg
~ a:pprox) K6 est.)
Charge/weight ratio
Col~ : BLACK (painted) (a) YELLO\Vand WHITE !"
51
% approx)
Markin~~:
barrel
forward of suspension
bands around paint on
(b) "lOOK" stencilled in white barrel above nose joint
2.
3.
Q!.
ARMYAirforce DESCRIPrION. G.p. type bomb. (See diagram) 3 main structural portions
This bomb comprises
(a) ~arrel. A hollow o'$:linder of' 13/32" thickness steel and 9t'1 external diameter, threaded internally ing ror sorewing suspension, on to the nose normal f'or Army piece. types, is A swingf'itted
(b)
Nose piece. The cast steel nose piece is machined down and threaded f'or screwing into the barrel. A threaded fUze opening is provided, and 2 grubscrews f'or securing the fuze
(0) Tailun1t. A tail cone of' 5/16" thiclaless sheet steel is butt--jointed and welded to the barrel. A tail fuze adaptor is welded to the apex of the cane Four tail f'ins are welded to the tail cone and are braced both centrally and at their extreme end with box-type struts ri vetted to the fins. The twin
bracing 4. FI~LING.
is
a dist1n~ishable
f'eature.
The bursting charge PICRIC ACID possibly varying as G.P. bomb (see BMI. B/2/4, para
is in 4).
pref'onned the 50 Kg
blocks Type
94
of H.E.
, tain separate
The nose, blocks,
barrel and tail cone sections C(:Jneac~ block being wrapped in waxed
wax. !'ill the A thick f'elt gap between
a wood
paper and embedded oardboard disc are
in paraffin placed to
and a theblocks.
which
is
The. nose block perforated for the
f'i ts against booster tube.
washer
J"l
1.
-2 to take Pockets respectively are formed in the nose and a short and a long booster tail blocks tube.
5.
FUZIng,.
FUzes generally used are Nose fuze A.2(A)
Tail fuze B.l(A)

(Bomb filled
6.
DISPOSAL.
and fuzed as above)

BIYrr for :fuze/s fit-
(a) FUze removal.
See relevant ted
(b) Demolition.
(0) Trepannin;t..
Nonnal methods
but see ~ Permissible, BIYl'I D/20/62 for (d) Stea.Ining-out.~ Special Precautions
( e) Burnin~-out.
NOT pennissible.
1"9
E IN c.,
AM F.
JAPANESEG.P. H.E.
BOMB, TYPE
-250
Kg
~ 1.
:- Temporarily DmAI~S.
referred
to as "Early Type".
DiJnensioD2: Overall length Length of boa.y
Diam of barrel.. Thiolmess of barrel Width of tail fins.
wall.
13-!" 5/16" 13-!"
6'0" 4'~"
Wei~hts_:
Weight of filling Total weight.
(HEXANITEand
ANISOL)
Charge/weight ratio
Colour:
Markin~s:
%
wide, barrel. on nose tip
lbs
lbs
GREY" (painted)
GREEN band, about 6" BLUE 1" band around
GREEN tail
fin
struts.
2.
land
~.
targets. NAVY Airforce Suitable G.P. tYl'e bomb for use for demolition purposes. against
3.
DESCRIPTION.
(See diagram) 3 main structural portions:
The bomb comprises
(a) Barrel. A hollow cylinder formed thickness steel and of 13!" external The nose end is either (i) threaded nose piece, internally or for screwing
of 5/16" diameter.
on to the
(i1)
a slip fit an the machined down portion of the nose piece, the two portions being seaured wi th 1 row of 16 rivets and the joint continuous welded. NOTE 1 : -In same bombs the portions -, been found screwed 2together
(1) spot and with rivet holes welding.
have as in
by
sealed
At the rear end a plain coupling ring is fitted internally and secured with 1 row of 16 rivets. Suspension is normal Navy 'type eyebolt.
(b) Nose ~iece, of cast steel, is machined down for f1t~nt to the barrel by method (a) (i) or (ii) above. The nose opening receives a fuze and grub screw for securing it. (c) Tail unit. A cone constructed of sheet steel fits over the coupling ring and is secured thereto with 32 screws in 1 row. An ada~tor is welded to the apex of the cone to take a tail fuze.
/,/
Eaoh of the 4 tai1 fins is shaped on the internal edge to allow for the fuze arming vanes. The fins are braced at their extreme end with box-type struts.
4.
FILLING.
The burster charge is HEXANITE and ANISOL, the nose portion being poured separately. The two fuze pockets are formed with thin cardboard liners.
5.
FUZING.
Fuzes fitted
Nose -A.l(A), C.2(A)
may be selected
A.3(A), chemical
from impact
A.3(B) mechanical long delay
Tail 6. DISPOSAL.
-B.3(A) mechanical impact C.l(A) chemical long delay (Bomb filled with HEXANITEand ANISDL) BMI for t'uze/s
(a) Fuze~emQvaJ_. (b) Demolition. (c) Trep~in~. (d) t,eaminJ1.-o~t.
See relevant found fitted.
Normal methods Permissible Permissible, provided a chemical long del~ type 't'uze is NOT fitted
(e) Burninfl.-o~t.
Permissible.
JAPANESE
G.P
USE -NAVY AIRFORCE
TYPE
('EARLY TYPE")
REFER
TAIL s~
EIN C
I'-I!"
B.D.T.I.
-I
B/2/8
r-,---
~
, ,
FOR JuZZ
!~~\"
", '".~
'. .MI
!::,::,":.'.\ Y,,~,:
I~
"' "',
GAINE
If ,p"
fI "p, ':
:
. 1 ",;
.',..'. , .'.. . '.' '.'.
...
'. :..~'.-/~,
RING
,.: .~' ~.~.-::o ..:

"::0'..:.':'. BLUE
I~"
,
".",.:. '. tt--,-O '.' ,..,.,. " ,

,
-:7. C',
'..
".
~:A
;
I~
I~
...,
, 0' .
'. ..
.,',
...
.~. '. .," :" .,'
."'"I
...' ,'.
'.~.": :..' :
...' '. . '. .

."
::~':~'~'~:'~ ..~ '-.:. '~' ...

...",
.....
.
.""
.'..,
" '. ."'
. ~
GBDI
.:". '. :... ..:
.., .
POCDTrOR
:-
BOSE
/'
ELEVATION
GAINE
.1'-11" -
"'-
TAIL
(;3
VIEW
10 2 .6 8 10 12
SECTION Scale in Inche8
A A
E IN C., AM F.
OOMBDISPOSAL TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION.
JAPANESEG.p. H.Ji:. BOJffi, TYPE 96 -250
Kg
1. Originally referred to as "Later Type".
DETAILS.
Dimensions: Overall length.. Length of' body.. Diam of' barrel.. Thiclmess of' barrel Width of' tail fins. Burster charge..
ratio Total weight. Charge/weight
6'0" 4'101" 12" ..{all. ..,'. ..t" ..12" 183t

36%
Yieights:
lbs
lbs approx
Colour: Markin~s:
GREY (painted) Vary as f'ollowing examples and ANISOL).

te and fUll
~PLE A. (Burster GREENband 4"-6"

RED 1 ine s length
charge -HJ~iITE wide on nose tip

trio ally opposi
(2) diame of' body
GREENtail
f'in struts.
tip
~1PLE B. (Burster char~e -) GREEN band 6" wide on nose
RED lines
(2) as above -) No other colour markings
EXAMPLE C. (Burster charge RED lines (2) as above.
3.
Also 4. suitable NAVY Air1'oroe GP type bomb for land targets, for use against shipping (unarmoured). (See diagr'anl) DESORIPr.ION.
The bomb consists tions :-
P9r-
(a) Barrel. A dravm steel tube of t" thiokness and of 12" external diameter. J\ shaped ooupling ring is fitted internally at the rear end and is secured wi th set sorews in 2 rovls of 20 each. Suspension is normal Navy type eyebolt. (b) Nose "piece, of cast steel, is machined dmvn to receive the carrel. The joint bet'.-:een the 2 portions is continuous vrelded. The nose opening receives a fuze and a grubscre,'r to secure it. NOTE 1 :In some bombs the barrel and nose piece may be secured vlith rivets. VJhen rivettins is omitted, the holes are sealed with spot Yields.
(a) Tail
unit.
A cone constructed
of
steel
fits
(see or the
over the coupling ring NOTE 2). An adaptor cone to receive a tail
and is welded thereto is vlelded to the apex fuze.
/,s-
2.
-2 Each of
nal type
the
4 tail
fins
the at
is
fuze their
shaped
on the
inte~Box-
edge to struts
allow for are fitted
arming vanes. ext~eme end.
NOTE 2 :-
In to one the
some bombs the cone may be secured the coupling ring with 18 rivets in row. When rivetting is omitted holes are sealed with spot welds.
5.
FILLI1,!g..
The burster charge is HEXANITE and ANISOL. the nose portion being poured sepa~ately. The two fUze oavi ties are formed with thin cardboard line~s.
p~essed de~ l'6t" the tail A booste~ of Hexani te and Anisol in campowder form and contained in a waxed pape~ cylinlong by li" diamete~ is scxnetimes inserted in cone. A pocket is formed at one end to ~ece1ve
a Navy type
standard
ga1ne.
6.
FUZING.
Fuzes fitted Nose -A.1(A) C.2(A) Tail -B.3(A) C.l(A) may be selected fromimpact A.3(A). A.3(B) mechan1cal chemical long delay mechanical impact chemical long delay with HEXANITE and ANISOL)
BDTI for fuze/s
7.
DISPCSAL.
(a) Fuze
(Bomb filled
removal.
See relevant found fitted
(b) Demolition. (0) Trepanning.
Normal methods
Permissible, delay fUze BUT a chemical long must first be immu-
(d) ~teamin.~-out.
(e) Burning-gu~.
nized if fitted.
E IN C., A 11 F.
BOMB DISPOSAL
TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION. JAPANESE S.A.P., H.E. BOMB, TYPE 99 -250 Kg
DETAILS.
Dimensions: Overall length Length of' body Diameter of' bQdy Min. thic1a1ess of' body wall Width of' tail f'ins
Total wei~t Weight of' f'illing (ANlSOL)
5'81" 3'3i" 12" .~" 13;;"Wei~hts:

b46 lbs ..133 lbs
Charge/weight ratio
GREY (painted)
24%apprax.
\"01 our : Markin~s
: (Bon1b f'illed
with
ANISOL)opposite and
GREENband 6" wide on nose RED LINES (2) diametrically full length of' banb casing.
2. ~.
NAVY Airforce S.A.P. targets -lightly armoured ships (medium constroctions). 3. DESCRI?l'ION. type bomb. Suitaole and shore installations (See diagram) 3 main structural portions:-
The bomb comprises
(a)~. The barrel and nose are casting, and machined externally Provi sion is made in the nose for screw to secure it. Suspension type eyebolt.
a single steel. and internally. a fuze and a grub is normal Navy
(b) Base plate. A steel base plate screws into the rear end of the body and is locked thereto with a grub screw. The top flange of the plate is machine slotted for an a ssembly tool. Positioned centrally is a threaded hole to take a fuze. A conical-shaped booster container of steel screws on to a flange formed below this hole (c) Tail unit. The tail cone, made of sheet steel, is secured to the top flange of the base plate with 6 screws. Hinged doors are fitted to the 3 access openings. A steel adaptor is \7elded to the apex of the cone to receive the tail a~ing assembly of the tail fuze. Welded to the cone are 4 tail fins which are shaped on the internal edge to allo"il for the fuze a~ing vanes. Cylinder-type bracing is fitted at the extreme end of the fins. NOTE 1 : -In UXBs, the tail cone will :'rom the body on penetration. often separate
&'.9'
1.
4.
FILLING.
(a) The burster charp:e 01' ANISOL is in the 1'orm 01' about 7 pre1'o~ed blocks 01' the pressed powdered explosive, each block covered with a layer 01' paper, a thin layer 01' para1'fin wax and a layer 01' cloth. The blocks are embedded in paraf1'in wax in the bomb case. The rear block is per1'orated
to take reduced the booster by li" so as container to fit and into its diameter is a cylinder made
of a composition material acting as a packing between it and the flange on the base plate. The recesses on the underside 01' the base plate are filled with a similar material. Between this and the filling are 2 wide cardboard discs. (b) The booster eX'Plosive is 330 grams of pressed povrdered PICRIC ACID wrapped in waxed paper. A poclret is forned to take a NaVy type standard gaine, A per1'orated cardboard washer 1'its over the top 01' the filling.
5.
PtJZINg.
Tail 1'uze B.2(A) is normal1'uzing. would be added i;(' dual :f'uzing is (Bomb filled and 1'uzed Nose desired.
.fuze A.1(O) 6.
DISPOSAL. (a)
as above).
Fu,ze removal (i) (ii) Fuze Fuze A.1(C) B.2(A) Normal -see -see BDTI B/6/25 BIYl'I B/7/67
(b) Demolition: (0)

(d)
methods is but not necessary removable. if
Tre~~in~:
steaming-out:
Permissible, base plate
Permissible, but not necessary if base plate is removable and blocks can be eased out (see BIYl'I D/20/117J para 3) If steaming-out is resorted to, an improvised hand attachment shoul d be used (see BIYl'I D/20/31, PART C)
(e)
Burning-out:
NOT permissible.
!Q.'!'!.
E IN C., AM F.
BOMB DISPOSAL TEcm;rrCAL II'TSTRUCTION.
JAPANESE A.P.,
JAPANESE DESIGNATION.
H.E. BOMB -800
Kg
2.
D~AILS.
Dimensions: Length -.-Diameter
Wall
(less tail unit). 48.3" (maxinnnn) o. 00'.0 00 o. 16.1" thickness ~Tapers i'rom 4" near the solid nose end to 2" at the tail end)Wei~ts:
Colour
. .
:
Filled (less tail unit). Burster charge. Charge/weight ratio.
746 Kg 30 Kg 4%
3.
4. banb-
!.k~
!!j8
NAVY Air:f"orce special tYIJe A.P. bomb (believed to be a aonvsrted projeotile) :f"or use where a high degree
of penetration is required, e.g. heavy :f"ortifiaations and
heavy armoured ships.

DESCRIPTION. (See diagram)
The tail
The PIECE
unit was missing from the specimen

of the of bomb, forged i.e. body machined and steel, nose,
is
of
ONE
remainder construction
heavily
at the b~lted
oonstructed
base to take to the body
at the nose, and threaded internally

a base plate. at the po~t of A suspension balance. lug is
8 indentations are out in the nose, presumably for the fitment of a ballistic cap when used as a projec-tile.
The twin :t'uzes. base plate is holed and threaded to receive
5.
plug
FIJ..LING.
Burster oharge is cast ANISOL as a oushion in the forward end.6. with an aluminium
~ZINGo
Twin fUZes of type B.2(B) are fitted in the
DISPOS~.
(a) ~e rem~.
See BMI B/7/77
(b) Steamil1l:t-out.
Pe~ss1ble
(after
removal or
baseplate)
~.l
baseplata.7. 1.
BOMBUSE -NAVY AI RFORCE
JAPANESE
800
KG.
!~
ITWIN nI ZE PO curs
1'-01" Dia,
HOLB ."
tor
'"
%." deep
SPANNER
I APPRO%
a T.P.I
IR.H.
LUG OR
edr
I'W!!
:.
"ti
PLUG
8 HOLES
.. . 'i
1'-4...c" Max. D1a.
T
SECTION
~
SCALE IN
ELEVATION
1 0
..I
10
INaiES
1~
20
.A.;
JAPANESE, ANTI-PERSONNELH.E.
BOMB, TYPE
-15
Kg
DETAILS.
DiJOOnsions: OverB.lllength Length of body Diameter of barrel. Thicmess of barrel Width Diameter of tail over fins. tail 2'1111 1'8~1I 3ill 17/3211 ..~"
wall. f'1rls
We1f1.ht~:
Weight Burster
empty. charge
26 (PICRIC ACID) ratio ...7
lbs approx " "
Total weight. Charge/weight
lbs 33 lbs 21.2%
Colour: ~ark1ngs:
BLACK
(painted) i"
barrel
RED band,
YELLOW around and
wide,
\VHlTE
on nose
bands, each of i" suspension wide,
forward
"15K" stencilled barrel.
with
white
paint
on
2. ~.
ARMYAirforce ty:pe bomb. 3. DESCRIPrION. (See diagram) 3 main struotural of an inner
a tube for a is of 5/32" length
Anti-personnel
(Fragmentation)
The bomb comprises (a) Barrel..

case. stee,l,
portions:
thickness ~" at
This consists
case externally
and an outer
of
The inner threaded
one end to screw into the nose piece, and at the other end for a length of 9/16" to take a threaded shrapnel ring. The threoaded parts are retained by grub screws as shown.
The outer case consists of 26 shrapnel rings, 25 of which are i" thick and awrox i" wide, whilst
the remaining normal Army ring is 1-3/16" type horizontal vlide swinging for fitment ~u6pension. of
The shrapnel the painted
rings surface
are not easily is scraped.
noticeable
until
(b) nose piece, of unifo~ thickness steel, is threaded for sorewing on to the barrel inner casing. The nose opening reoei ves a fUze and a grub screw to secure it.
(c) !ail unit. The tail cone, constructed of sheet steel, is welded to the end shrapnel ring. Four fins are rivetted to the cone, and to each other on the internal edges, and are braced at their extre-
mi ty with
narrOVI box-ty:pe
struts. by a
Alternative rigid fitment
vertical suspension is provided at the end of the tail fins.
7~-
1.
-2 -
FILLINq.
The burster charge is cast PICRIC ACID (Lyddite). The nose piece filling is cast separately and 4 cardboard washers are inserted in the gap between the 2 fillings.
5.
6.
FUZING.
Nose fUze A.2(B) DISPOSAL. (BCIllb filled only is employed. and fUzed as above) A.2(B) see BDTI B/6/73
(a) Fuze removal. (b) Demolition. (c) Tre:papn~g. (d) steaming-out.
For fUze
Normal methods Not applicable Simplest

steam opening jet through
to this
nose
size apply
fUze
banb a
method is to
(e) Bu~ing-out.
NOT permissible.
4.
JAPANESE[ANTI-PERSONNEL
H.E. BOMB TYPE

USE -ARMY AIRFORCE
REfER
E IN C
B. D. T
6/3/3
STE- FDiS
,." TBICKN~
t~"
~ '"
'-"
17' ft--
-g.','j' :...,',.',':,~.':: ...,~~-::'f,~;:-.~

...1 '. "
.."',
! ',;
~ ~.
-'., . .;; ....:.
.
@::
..~:::~:::.::.'.:;.:.' ..:~ .:..~.:.~~~t"
-<i)
. .,
~ --.
... :.','~.:. ; ,:~';:~'~~:: ~C',.' .

" ." ..
.. ...
":';':":'.:~::~'~. .."
~~
ELEVATION
4
"'@
SECTION
0 1
2 3 ~ 5 6 7 e 9 10 -
80al.
111 Inoh..
J,tif9
J,
1\
Scale
in
Inches
77
+ ""
~
JAPANESE INCENDIARY BOLffi,
TYPE 99 -32
Kg
(Phosphorous/steel JAPANESE DESIGNATION. Type 99, Model 3, No.3
pellets)
Incendiary
Bomb.
2.
DETAILS.
Dimensions: Overall length Length of' body (!ncl nose) Th1clmess of barrel wall. D1ameter of barrel. D1ameter over tail fins 2t~" ..1t1~" ..3/16" 5-J" 5$"Wei~hts:
Total we1ght, unf'uzed 70.4 lbs Burster charges (tail cane ..3.5 lbs (central tube 3/16 lbs Colour: Markin~s: GREY (painted) SILVER-V/HITE 2" band on nose
SILVER-wHITE 1" band on tip RED LINES (2) diametrically of' tail f'ins oppos1 te and
full
length
of' body and tail colour
cone. f'or phos-
NOTE 1 : -SILVER-VffiITE
is standard
phorous inoendiary
agent.
3.
y:!.
NAVY Airforce type incendiary bomb mainly for AA use, both grounded and airborne. Also suitable for ~ound targets of inflammable materials. NOTE 2 : -This bomb was used on one a beach mine for disabling occasion in SPA as amphibious landing
craft, 4. tions DESCRIPTION. :-
possibly
as a substitute
expediency.
(See diagram) of 3 main structural por-
The bomb consists

(a) ~~. The barrel machined down portion joint machine 1'inished.
screws on to a sion is provided ally opposite.
casing is welded on to the 01' the nose piece and the At the rear end it
Twin suspendiametric-
shaped coupling ring. by 2 Navy type eyebolts
A cylindrical canister constructed 01' 3/16" thickness ste~l 1'its :f'ull length in the barrel. The annular space between its outer and inner walls houses the incendiary pellets and is sealed both endSWith steel discs. The central burster cnarge steel tube which screws into runs :f'ull length 01' barrel (b) Nosepiece, receive the nose :f'uze. is contained in a the nose piece and
01' solid steel, is machi~ed doym to barrel and hollowed out centrally 1'ar a
79
1.
-2 (0) Tail un1~. The truncated tail cone is in 2

sections. The lower section is constructed of sheet steel butt-welded to both the coupling ring and the upper section. The upper section is a shaped steel ring perforated and threaded to receive a tail fuze. 4 tail fins, each spot welded to the cone in places, are braced down from their extremities where shown with 3/16" diameter steel rods flattened at each end for single rivetting to the
fins. 4" down Each fin is bent 1"'rom their ends to an angle of so as to impart 30 deg rotation
at
to the bomb on release.
FILLINGS.
(a) B~s~~~g~~~~~. The tail cone burster charge is 3~ lbs of pressed powdered PICRIC ACID with a pocket formed for a Navy type saine. The central burster charge is a cylindrical plug of pressed powdered PICRIC ACID weighing 3 ozs with one end formed to receive a special type detonator (b) IncendiarY material (see detail drawings). 198 steel pellets in sticks of 9 lightly soldered together (i.e. 22 sticks) are packed vertically in the annular space in the canister. Liquid white phosphorous is poured in so as to fill the cavities in the pellets and interstices between the sticks. The phosphorous solidifies and binds thd mass.
6.
ACTION.
(a) ~ctionin~ of bomb. The bomb will revolve
RevoOn reachthe tail upon release due to the angled tail fins. lution speed will gradually increase. ing 1000 r.p.m. the safety mechanism of fuze assembly is freed.
ward.
When reaching the time-setting period during descent the tail fUze assembly will initiate explosion of the burster charges. The explosion will shatter the bomb casing, break up the sticks, and spray the individual steel pellets conically down-
Impact in the air or with ground surfaces before the time-setting is reached will cause the instantaneous nose fuze to initiate explosion and throw the pellets laterally within a less diameter (b) Inc~n~~ material. The phosphorous in the pellet will emit a flame through the flame ports on exposure to the air and ignite combustible material on which the pellet lodges.
Particles of loose phosphorous also have some incendiary effect ground surfaces. in the bomb may on combustible
7.
FUZmG.
consisting
Dual fUzing is normally employed, of Navy Airforce type fUzes as under:-
Nose fUze -A.l(B)

Tail fUze
mechanical impact
D.2(C)
-D.2(A) or D.2(B) or clockwork airburst.
38.
pellets,
TREATMENT. (Bcmb whioh has ftmotioned)

See BIYl'I D/20/119 for treatment resultant fires and preoautions to of ignited be observed.
9.
DISOSAL.
(Bomb which has failed
to ftmotiaa)
with the moved. tail
(a) ~zeremoval. If ~itted, deal fuze first and BEFORE the bomb is
For fUze D.2 A " "D~2 B

" " "D.B "A.l C B
!j
sse BDTIB/9/98 " II B/9/113

" " "B/9/120 "B/6/112
(b) D~struotion.
suitable site
Removebomb, if necessary,
where there is no risk of fire
to a
or
damage, plaae in an excavation and explode the tail burster charge. Do NOT attempt to dismmltle
bomb.
N~~.! :Modii'ioation
the one above pects :-
-(probably
a factory
ex~ned differs
variation).
wi tb res-
A bomb recently described but
conforms exactly in the following
(8.) The cYl!ndrigal canister narrows down su:f'f'iciently so as to extend to the end of the coupling ring, and its rear opening is sealed with a lid soldered on (b) Inoendiarymater!al. 21 lengths of 1" external diam. m.s.piping (an inner row of 7-10i" lengths and an outer'row of 14-9i" lengths) are packed vertically in the canister. Each inner and outer length of' piping i8 divided into 8 equal portions, the piping being out completeiy through except for *" of circumference left along one side. Width of' cut i85/64". That is to sQy, each length of piping breaks up into 8 individual pellets of equal length, those in the outer row being shorter than the inner ones, there being a total of' 168 pellets in all. 8 shaped inserts (see diagram) slide length of' piping and abut midway under The inserts in the outer row of' piping correspondingly shorter than those in into each each cut. are theref'ore the inner row.
Phosph~rous 5 (b) above

(c)
f'illing
is
same as described
in
para
Burster charfl.es are all PICRIC ACID. The tail cone chargers-Tn cast block fo~ with waxed paper covering. The central burster charge is in 2 lengths. The short length is pressed powder and hole!! for the detonator, and the long length is cast. Each length is wrapped in waxed paper with cotton cloth outer covering.
II
JAPANESE
INCENDIARY BOMB TYPE 99 -32

(PHOSPHORUS/~IEELPELLETS)
USE -NAVY AIRFORCE
KG
8/4/'11
REFER E.IN C. BDTI
~~~~
.SILVXR WHIT! BAND 1" ,STEm. TRANSIT PLUG LEATHm WASiER SCREW 1
..,
0
INCHES
SCALE IN
~I
--Wm.D
n.AIIK
PORTS
--WOODIN
TRANSIT PLUG
~AIL "SPOT Wm.D IIJRSTmI alARGE CONE ~ l' mICX
DIAMA"rRICALLY OfroSITE
~,
~;:;':
~m.D
RA'rAINm PLAn THRU Fm.T WAmms WHIn mOSPHOIIJS
CARDBOARD SPACD
# ~
~
BODY
omTRAL
BURSTKR alARGE
CAVITY
~OLT
~AINBR
~ ...
;.
I
CENTHALroBE
}Jour CRIY
_INC~IARY D~NATOR
WtlODIE SPACKII
Pm.Lft
Fm.T WAaIES
snVml MiITE
BAND 2"
~~OH
.eI~-~~
c
--J.i"
DIA. 10T.P.I.
PART SECTIONAL
ELEV.
n" f. 16 ~'
INCENDIARY
PELbEI
... ~~
'"
NOMINAL BORE BLA<It PIPE
RETAINER ~ t.
!;;,, oz ~
l83~
~~ """
Fn.I.ING
BODY SECTION
SAW CUT 16
1"
1
,
0
,
2
,
tic
5~
IN
IN(H~
~~
l ,5JJJ
PART !LEV
LEAVING i"
./
THROUGH PIPE
ARC OF IlETAL
FLAIIE POaT
~~ION
ASS~LED PELL&'r
OF RErAINER
MODIFIED INCENDIARY
ISooNoto3.(b).
PELLET
~
1
JAPANESE INCENDIARY BO!,m, TYPE 97 -50
lCg
(PhosphoroUs/Rubber Pellets) JAPANESE DESIGNATION. No 2 Incendiary bomb.
2.
DETAILS.
Dimensions: Overall length Length of body Di8Illeters ~barrelpiece. nose 3'9" 2'7" ..7:;" 7j"
\'lidth of' tail f'ins Thickness of' barrel "{all. Viei~hts: Colour:
r1arkin~s:
tail
fins
~"
~" .;" 46 Kg
Burster charges (2)

GRtY (painted)
Total weight.
2.5 Kg (5t Ibs)
YELLO'N and 'fIHITE 1" bands around barrel below suspension VlliITE DOUBLE CROSS ideograph on barrel above suspension
"50K" stencilled nose weld.
vlith white paint above
3.
for
!!E..
AR~~ Airforce inflammable targets. type Incendiary bomb. Sui table
4.
DESCRIPl'ION.
(See diagram)
and especis.lly external resembles the 50 Kg type
(NOTE 1 :- Casing construction, appearance, closely

92 Gas bomb,
see BDTI B/5/14)
The bomb consists tions :(a) Barrel.

4 -(8:).
porpara
Swne as described in BDTI B/4/12, See BDTI B/4/12,para 4 (b).

as
(b) Nose piece.
(NOTE 2 : -Compare differences in cross section shovrn in the respective diagrams)
(c) Tail unit. A tr\Ulcated tail cone 1'its over the rear end 01' the barrel and the joint is sealed with a continuo~s fillet weld. Four fins are spot welded to the cone and braced with 2 sets of boxt~e struts made of 5/16'1 tubular steel welded to the fins.
5.
FILLIlTGS.
(a) _~~~~ter cha~~~s. B/4/12 , para 5 (a) ACID solid booster Swne as described except for anission pellets in of BDTI PICRIC charge
(NOTE 3 : -CompaFe diffeFences in shape of nose as shol'm in the respective diagrams)
Bi
1.
-2 (b)I!!cend1ary ma~er1al.
B/4/12, :para 5 (b).
Same descr1bed 1n BDT! as
6.
ACTION.
Same as described in BDTI B/4/12. ..,paras 6 ..7. (a)
and (b).
FUZING.
employed. Army Airforce Fuze A.2(A) t~1!e fuze A.2(B) is normally may be used if r:enetration of
light 8.
pellets,
to medium constructions TREATli~NT.
is desired.
(Bomb which has functioned)

of ignited be observed.
See BD1'I D/20/119 for treatment resultant fires and precautions to
9.
DISPOSAL.
(a) Fuze removal.
(Bomb which has failed

For " fuze A.2(B) "A.2(A)
to
see "
function)
BDTI B/6/73 "B/6/18
(b) Destruction. suitable site
Remove bomb, if necessary, where there is no fire risk,

nose ~harge; and explode to dismantle unconsumed
to place
or the re= scattered
in an excavation and explode the alternatively, detach nose piece central charge. Do NOT attempt mainder of bomb. pellets in the prescribed Finally manner. deal with
NOTES
JAPANESE
INCENDIARY (PH~Q!!JsB, RIJBIY~fLETs?7 -50

us E -ARMY AIRrORCE RErER E IN C B. D. 1: I.
K
B/4/9
g5"
JAPANESE INCEI'TDIARY BO1ffi. TYPE 0
.-50
Kg:
(Phos~horous/Rubber Pellets)
"No 2 Incendiary banb".
2.
DETAILS.
Dimensions: Overall length.., Length of body.. Diameters ~barrel
nose tail piece. f'ins
3' 4" 2' 8'~" 7"

7f" 9~"
Thiclmess of' barrel Viidth of' tail fins
wall.
i" ,(II
Viei~hts:
Bombempty.. Burster charges (nose. (central

GREY (painted)
:
tube..
59 lbs 4 lbs 5 lbs
Colour:
Markin&!s
~
beon in "50K" "50K" \"iHITE YELLO\Vand \VHITE WHITE \'iHIT"'~ DOUBLE
(a) 1" bands around barrel lov{ suspension (b) Ideograph (for chemical) barrel above suspension (c) Size of bomb stencilled white above nose weld
CROSS CROSS
~.
(a) Bomb can be carried by bombers of a type to both NAVY and Aro,~ Airforces (e.g. Type "NELL") . (b) Bomb is of Incendiary classification able for inflammable targets. cammon 96 M/B suitand is
DESCRIPrION.
(See diagram) of 3 main st~ctural

tube constructed A steel carrying
The bomb consists
porof i" band en-
t1ons :(a) Barrel. thickness A side-welded sheet steel.
circles
swinging (i)
the barrel
suspension
for
(see
fitment
para
of ~ormal
3 (aJ to of
ARMYtype
The
above). receive the
nose end is welded to a shaped heavy bulkhead

is perforated central burster (ii) forms a base and and threaded container; for attachment the nose
which-
piece;
(i1i)
(b)
serves
as a "push"
of steel,
plate
is
(see para 6(a)

on the
belo\'l)
Nose piece, only.
retained
bulkhead and
by~wel-pins
piece (c)
which
The nose
screw partly
opening
into
the nose
a fuze
receives
2 grub screws to secure
it
II
Tail unit. A domed tail cone f1 ts over the 1't;cU,' en~of the barrel and the joint is sealed with a continuous fillet vreld. Four fins are welded to the cone and braced at their extreme end vti th boxtype struts.
4. 3. ~ 1.
-2 -
5.
(a)
FILLffiGS.
Burster charrr.es, and booster pellets, are all of' PICRIC ACID. ~e nose burster charge is in the f'orm of' a pref'ormed block, with a pocket f'ormed to receive booster pellets as shov.~ in diagram. The central burster charge is contained in a thin steel tube which measures 1'50:;\:" length by 2-5/16" diameter.
(b) incendiary material. Packed in the barrel and cone are 400-475 cylindrical pellets of' black rubber which measure 1" length by 1" diameter. A liquid solution (about 6 litres) of' white phosphorous (64.5%) in carbon disulphide is poured into the bomb and the rubber pellets became impreg-. nated with the mixtur~.
6.
ACTION.
(a) Functioning of bomb. On impact, the :fuze assembly initiates detonation of the burster charges. Explosion of the nose charge tends to give an upward lift to the bulkhead, shearing the nose \veld and separating the casing sections. Penetration before explosion is thereby somewhat counteracted. Explosion of the central charge shatters the casing and tends to scatter the pellets laterally. (b) Jncendiary. The pellets ignite on exposure to the air either immediately or within a minute or two. Each burns with a flmne 4-6 ins high for about 5-7 mine at comparatively low temperature, giving off a grey smoke and smelling slightly of
burning rubber.
Army both
7.
employed
FUZING.
by Airforce Services. tY!)e :f'Ilze k.Z(B) ].s noI'mally
8. !)ellets, 9.
'J!~ATMJ!;NT.
(Bomb which
has
:f'unct ione d) of ignited be observed. function)
See BDTI D/20/119 for treatment resultant fires and precautions to DISPOSAL. (a) (Bomb which For has failed A.2(B) to
Fuze remo~~l.
fuze
see BDTI B/6/73. to place

or the rescattered
(b) Destruction. suitable site
Remove bomb, if necessary, where there is no fire risk,

nose charge; and explode to dismantle unconsumed
in an excavation and explode the alternatively, detach nose piece ce~tral charge. Do NOT attempt maJ.nder of bOmb. ~~~= pellets in the prescribed Finally manner. deal
wi th
JA PAN ESE
INCENDIARY BOMB
(PHOSPHORO\!~-
RUBBER PELLETS!
TYPE C .,- 50 KG.

-
i USE
-NAVY
& ARMY
AIRF'ORCES
!Q!!: !im ~
i RtFER
-ErTE -WHITE"
t IN C.
BDTI
B/4/12
BAND Om.T YELLOWBAND
9t" DIA.,~
...@
L ~
...
'WELD
,/
-WELD-(As anown.) AB){Y MARlaNG
(White Double
Cross thus;
~
WHITE
POSITION OF
BAIID } SO NOTE
e
"
-=:::::=1' \,
POSITION OF ABJVB m.LOW BAND
---,
E
.;..;; \V
,_'to
EbEVATION
~
~
SECTION
~KR
PILLA'r
8
12
SCALE IN
INaIES
0,0
-~ @..
E IN c.,
AM F.
BOMB DI~POSAL TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION.
ISSUED
20 DEC 43 Kg
JAPANESE INCENDIARY BOMB, TYPE 97 -60
(Electron fire-pots)
JAPANESEDESIGNATION.
2.
DETAILS.
Dimensions: Overall
Length of
length
body
3'4t"
2 ' ~"
Thiclmess of barrel wall. Diam over tail i':\.ns Weights: Total weight. Electron fire-pots Burster charge (4)..
Diameter of barrel.
3 16" 100!" lbs lbs lbs
77"
86
Colour :
?ilarkin~B :
GREY (painted) REDTail fin struts.
3.
4.
tions
!!21j;.,..
NAVYAirforce electron type incendiary bomb. Best results obtained vlhen bomb penetrates constructions, oil ta,nkB, etc.
DESCRIPTION. (Seediagram)
The bomb consists :(a) Barrel. ness steel This is a hollO\'/ tube of' 3/16" thickscrewed at the rear end to a shaped steel
ylith 28 screy/s in 2 roy/s nonnal Navy type eyebolt. of' 14 each.
por-
coupling ring Suspension is
The barrel is partitioned by 2 loose f'it "push" plates of' steel, one immediately bela,/ the coupling ring and t he other bet,/een the nose and barl'el electron fire-pots. nutting hard against both these plates is tlIl 1mlel' casing fomed of' 4 curved pieces of polished steel. Running longitudinally bet,feen the inner and barrel casing are 4 "food l,aclting pieces. (b) Nose "piece, of' cast steel, is machined d~'rn to receiVetliebarrel aI:Jd is secured thereto .7ith 20 ri vets in 2 r~':s of' 10 each. The nose opening receives a fuze and either 1 or 2 grub SCreYlS to secure it. The nose houses a solid steel blocl;: which is perforated centrally for the fUze assembly and has a circular channel reoessed in the uppermost side filled with a burstel' charge of' black powder. The nose electron fire-pot is contained steel drwm open at the rear end. in a
(0) Tail unit. The tail cone fits over and is rivetted to the coupling ring ,-lith 1 rOVl of 24
ri vets. the cone 4 tail fins of sheet 6teel and braced at their extreme are vlelded to end \'1i th box-
type struts. D"
1.
-2 5. FILLINGS.
(a) Burster char~e. See para 4 (b) above.
(b) Incendiary material. Each o~ the 4 electron fire-pots consist o~ an electron body ~illed with pressed thermit and end-layers o~ a priming composition to assist ignition. The ~ire-pots are made so as to form a continuous tubular cavity passing along the central axis o~ the bomb.
The nose ~ire-pot is cylindrical fi ts snugly into a steel ~ It length by diam and weight full
The 2 barrel fire-pots are shape and fit in the boroo as Each "half" measures 9-3/16" width, and weight full is 10
in shape and measures is lbs ozs.
hemi-cylindrical in a complete cylinder. length by 6f" ma:x: lbs 6 ozs.
The conical-shaped tail ~ire-pot measures 7~" length by 5i" major diam and 3:1:" diam at tail end. Weight full is 12 lbs 2 ozs. 6. ACTION.
On impact, the nose fuze assembly ignites the quick match in the tubular cavity and side branches from it ignite the fire-pots. Simultaneously, t.he burster charge is ignited and explodes. The fo~oe of explosion is transmitted throughout the length of the body per medium of the steel ~ steel partitions and inner casing thus shearing rivets and screws and separating all sections of the bomb. If the fire-pots are not ejected, their own action will quickly free them of the casing.
7.
FUZING.
Normal fuzing a magazine. is Navy type nose fuze A.3(A)
incorpora~ing
8. fire-pots 9.
TRENrMENT.
(Bomb which has ~unctioned) for treatment of ignited to function) see BDTI B/6/15 fuze the bomb may
See BDTI D/20/119 and resultant fires. DISPOSAL.
(Bomb which has failed For fuze After A.3(A)
(a) Fuze removal. (b) Destruction.
removing
be dismantled and the fire-pots and explosive destroyed separately by ignition. Alternatively, place in an excavation where there is no fire risk and cause the bomb to function by inserting an igniting agent into the fuze cavity and firing.
JAPANESE
INCENDIARY .BOMB
(ELECTRON
USE -NAVY AIRFORCE
TYPE
FIRE -POTS) REFER
97 -60
B.D. T.I.
KG.
B/4/10
E IN C
RmTAn.1~TKDTS"" lot~
>--,.,
~
TAIL FIRE -POT
lORQUICKIIATCH .
/24 RIVXTB
/2 ROWSOl SCREWS
---IIILLBOARD
./
STm
PLATE
'-
"
{
4 WOOD PACKDlG
PIECFB
--mBmI
CASING
"'~
8 ~
STEEL PLATI
2 ROWS 01' RIVEiB
...
BARREL
FIRE -POTS ~)-
STE!:L DmJM
PORrHOL~
BLACK POWDER CHARGE
',
-1:1.-
STEm. INSERT
"-..CAVITr FOR FUZE
WOOD WASHER
'-..
AND 14AGAZINJ:
SCRER
'GIIDB
SECTIONAL
ELEVATION
WOOD PACKING
PIECES
NOSE FIRE -POT IN STEEL DRUM

THERMITE !'n.LING
CllANNJI. FOR
QJJICKl4ATCH
ISOMETRIC ELECTRON
or
VIEW
FIRE -POTS
SECTION
A-A
9.3
~ :
JAPANESE INCENDIARY
BOMB, TYPE 98 -60
Kg
(Solid Oil)
J"APAlJESE DESIGNATION.
2.
D~~LS.
Dimensions: Overall length
Length of' body exol. boss). Wall thickness barrel..

Diameters
~ barrel
inol.
c boss}.
..3'6-!"
..2'l()i" i"
3/16"
inner
container
9i"
inner container. over tail f'ins V/1dth of' tail f'ins \Vei~h~~:
..8a" 13" 8i"
Inner container
Burster
Solid
oil
filling.
empty..
(Black Povlder).
58 lbs 7 lbs 6 ozs

lbs
29 lbs
Ignition Colour:
Markings:
charge
charge (thermit)
GREY (painted) RED tail full

RED nose boss RED LINES (2)
fin struts
diametrically opposite and
length of' body.
3.
of 4.
~.
NAVY Airforce
combustible materials, DESCRIPl'ION.
type
incendiary
bomb for
targets
particularly (See diagram) of.1, main
constructions.
The bomb consists
structural
por-
tlons
:(a) Barrel. A hollo\v secured at the rear wi th 32 scre\vs in 2 is normal Navy type -tube of' i" thickness steel is end to a shaped coupling ring roy/s of' 16 each. Suspensi on eyebolt.
NOTE 1 : -In BODlebombs the barrel may be drilled f'or pivetting to the nose piece. The holes are sealed with spot welds v/hen rivetting is not adopted. (b) Inner container. This is made up of' 3/16" thickness steel except the base \"/hich is thickened to serve as a bullchead (or "push" plate). The annular space bet\"feen the central tube and the outer wall of' the container is divided vertically into 6 compartments. A strengthening partition wall is located vThere the container conmences to take the shape of' a truncated cone. The dividing \valls and partition are perf'opated with holes as shovm in diagram (c) Nose piece, the bal'pel. a fuze and is of' steel, is machined do',-:~ to receive The boss f'ormed at the nose receives drilled f'o!' a grub sc!'ew.
'If"
1.
-2 (d) T~il unit. ring and is of the cone are rivetted extreme end The tail cone rits over butt-welded to the barrel. is closed with a wood plug. to the cone and are braced with box-type struts. the coupling The apex 4 rins at their
FILLINGS.
(a) ~~~s~er char~e. v;hich is The nose burster the charge bulkhead is
BLACK POWDER pressed

container
into
screwed
a conical-shaped
to
metal
with 6
small
(b)
screws.
!~ition char~e. A cardboard cylinder filled with 7 lbs 6 ozs of pressed powdered THERMIT fits into the central tube. A Quantity of priming composition is added at the tail end of the cylinder.
ing I.n~~ndiarY 29 lbs, mater!al. consists of The main filling, an inflammable weighmixture of
(c)
petrol and kerosene held in the form of a gel by an alcoholic-soap mixture containing free Stearic Acid. Sodium silicate is also added to prevent excessive spreading of the burning mixture. 6.
explosion actions
ACTION.
On impact, the nose of the burster charge. happen simultaneously fuze The assembly following initiates separate
(a) The Quickmatch contained in the central copper tube is ignited and seQuence of fUrther ignition firstly priming composition, then thermit and finally the oil filling via ports in the wall of the central tube (b) Explosion of the burster charge forces the inner container upwards, splitting open the bomb body and allowing the burning mixture to escape. NOTE 2 :The wood plug at the apex of the cbne is
is
soon blown out by air is admitted. cape through this to separate.
internal.pressure and so The burning oil can esopening if the body fails
7.
~ZING.
Normal fUzing a magazine. is Navy ty~ Fuze A.3{B) nose may fUze also A.3(A) be used
incorporating
8.
oil,
TREAT~~
resultant See BurI fires
(Bomb which has fUnctioned)

D/20/119 for treatment of ignited and precautions to be observed.
9.
DISPOSAL.
(Bomb vlhich has failed
to fUnction)
(a) Fuze removal For fUze A.3(A) see BDTI B/6/15
"
"A.3(B)
"
"B/6/84
5.
-3 (b) ~struction
Remove bomb, if necessary, to where there is no fire risk, place insert an igniting agent into the explode the burster charge. a suitable site in an excavation, fUze cavity and
Alternatively, the bomb may be dismantled by removing the screws securing the rear end of the barrel and the bomb contents destroyed separately by ignition.
NOTE 3 :- Possible
substitute
fillln.'t.
It is possible for the compartments in the bomb to be close packed with wedge-shaped pellets instead of oil. Each wedge weighs
62.9
grams and the material
may be described
as
a modified thermit type incendiary agent with a rubber-like substance as a binder. Method of igni tion is not known but is assumed to be as for oil filling.
as Treatment of for an ele~tron ignited wedges should be same incendiary agent (see BDT~
D/20/119).
li-"
--~
~
.~ .I
'"1
'@
-31" -2f'l material of
F -Remainder
A B C D E
-Maj or radius of o\U'Vature -Minor " " It -Hole ft' diameter -:1/16" layer -1/8" " ~ Incendiary
varying mixtures.
'7
I.NCENDIARY
USE -NAVY AJRFORCE
60
REfER E IN caD.
KG
T I. 8/4/11
RED TAIL STmITS,,--
~OD
.
... ...
coppm
ro Q.U 'lHIN KETAL SHEET
SOLDER!]) OVER HOLE.j
c
-WXI,D-
"opm
fI/GRIY BODt
t
FnT PACKING
J!
~ A~
WXLD
CA
H.
..
0
~ ~ ~ ~
IdAGAZINE--BOSS PAIN= RDJ
THIN RED LINE
Ol"
Qr::L
Fl:LT PACKING
t" D1a HOLES

THIll RED~
LIlIE
If.,"
D1a HOLIS/
TAIL1 VIEW
10
SECTION
A-A
98 ~
E IN C., AM F.
OOJ.ffi DISPOSAL
TEcmrI CAL INSTRUCTION.
ISSUED
20 DEC 43
JAPANESE INCENDIARY BOMB, TYPE 2 -250
Kg
(Electron/steel
:1. JAPANESE DESIGNATION. ' Type 2, No 25,
cylinders)
~~ III
bomb,
Modell.
2.
DETAIL..
Dimensions: Overall length Length of' body Diameter of' barrel. Barrel wall thiclaless Diam of tail cylinder..
Cylindrical Burster incendiaries. charge
5111"' 416i" :12" ...7/32" ..

136 Kg (300 33 Kg (72! lbs) lbs)
Viei~ht~:
Total Colour: llilarkin$ts:

3. for USE. AA use,
weight.
254 Kg (560
lbs)
GREY"(painted). SILVER-WHITE RED circular band about fin struts 6" wide on nose
mainly sui t-
NAVY Airforce type particularly grounded
incendiary aircraft.
bomb Other
areas.
able
targets
include
dumps,
installations
and built-up
4.
DESCRIPTIO!!. (See diagram)

The bomb consists
A 12" diam
t1ons :-
steel cylinder in 2 rows
porwall
(a) Barrel.
of' 7/32" of
thickness
couplin~
is
ring
secured
with
at the rear Navy type
end to a shaped
20 each.
40 studs
Suspension
is normal
eyebolt.
Fitting loosely against the coupling r~ng is a perforated retaining plate of' 3/16" MS plate. A similar retaining plate fits into the nose piece
supporting
(b) Nose piece,
the bottom
of'steel,
tray
is
of incendiary
machined
cylinders.
receive and a
dovm to a fuze
sheet joint
the barrel
ous weld. grub screw
and the
joint
is
sealed
receives
of' 3/16" and the
In th a continu-
The nose opening to Ie cure it.

A tail coupling cone ring
(c) Tail unit. fits over the
steel is sealed
~/ith a continuous
welded to the to the apex Welded
weld.
of the are cone
A tail
cone.
fuze
adaptor
arranged
is
to
4 angled-fins
impart
flight. with
an anti-clockwise
The fins an outer set
rotation strutting
to the bomb in
their extreme end strutting and 2
are braced at of' cylinder-type
inner
sets
of box-type
arranged
as shown.
5.
FILLIN~S.
(a) Burster charges. All voids wi thin the bornh body (nose, barrel and cone) are filled vii th a burster
charge itiates of BLACK ignition POWDER, of the the flash incendiary fram which cylinders. in-
9'
2 (b)
forated celluloid
In~eBdiary
material.
traYB in 10 tiers are a total of

in
as a is tube
Packed
endwise
on per-
756 steel-pipe cylinders each \vrapped separately paper. Pressed into each cylinder are particles
of electron metal with a rubber-like substance binder. A thin layer of a priming composition added at each end. The charge weight of each
is
The
approx 65 grams and total

celluloid trays Navy fuze A.3(A)
D.2(A)
weight
normally
approx 180 grams

employed are -
are
highly
inflammable.
6.
7.
FUZING. Nose
type
fUzes
or A.3(B)
or D.2(B)
-mechanical
or D.2(O)
impact
clockwork
Tail fuze airburst.
ACTION. (a) Functionin~ of bomb. The bomb will begin revolving upon release due to the angled tail fins. Revolution speed will gradually increase. On reaching 1000 r.p.m. the safety mechanism of the tail fuze assembly is freed. \Vhen reaching the timesetting period during descent the tail i'Uze assembly will initiate explosion of the burster charge. The bomb body is shattered and the ignited incendiary cylinders are sprayed conically do'nnward. Impact
on aircraft in flight or on ground before time-setting is reached will cause the instantaneous nose fuze to initiate explosion. Explosion in mid-air will spray incendiary cylinders vrithin a diameter 325 yds. Ground impact bursts will throw cylinders about 110 yds.
of
(b) Incendiary material. The incendiary mixture burns with a fierae spluttering re-actioQ, the steel attaining a red heat. Each cylinder has incendiary action normally lasting 20 secs but sometimes reaches as much as 60 secs. A flame 6"-9" length is emitted out of each open end of the cylinder. 8.
cylinders
TREATMENT.
See BDTI and resultant
(Bomb which
D/20/119 fires. for
has
fUnctioned)
of ignited
treatment
9.
PI SPO SAL. (a) ~zeremoval. For " " tail " "
"
(Bomb which Deal fuze D.2 "D.2 "D.2

A.3 "A.3
has with
failed tail
to fuze
function) first
! B!
1\
c
A B
see BDTI B/9/98 " "B/9/113 " "B/9/120

" " "B/6/15 "B/6/84
"nose" " (b)
Destruction. Remove, if necessary, defuzed bomb very carefully to a bomb cemetery or other sui table open area, bury in an excavation (as deep as possible) and explode the burster charge rrith an igniting agent inserted into a fuze cavity.
NOTE.1
:-
Handle UXBs with care as the ignition charge is filled in among the steel-pipe cylinders and friction may cause explosion if the paper wrappings are damaged. MG fire will explode the bomb.
JAPANESE
INCENDIARY
USE -NAVY
BOMB
TYPE 2. -250
CYLINDERS)
REFER E IN C
KG
(ELECTRON /STEEL
AIRFORCE
Ra)
B.D.TI. B/4/99
CIRCtJLAR STBD'I
SHEET I
AR<n.m>-n.S
n- Tm ~
-T~
~za ADAProa
I~
..
POCD'l' lOa JUg AND ~/
: '.1,
, ,
"
",'
I"
q.I)
.",;.
,.
."
';
..,
.-z ,- ~
":;~~.' .',..~;, {:~:,.:' !. '" ...'

'.: : " ". ",',' --"-.it.-
; "".."'.:.. ;"'.;~';:'"'."':
TRAYS D ~
CmJ.ULOID-
(10 18 ALL)'...,..
.:.~;'i; :i:~.'.
GRIf BODY
EfEBOLT
-:- "-:-_.:.~
SPOT WD.DS
m.D
~ '"'
va :-::::;..0;,.,o.'FR
CHAmK
'"'I r-SUVU-WHITEI
12" ELEVATION
"-GmIB BCRD
~(J:ft
702 JUg
ANDKAGAZIBK
SECTION
\.
DIUCTIOB 01' ROTATIOB
TAIL
1 01 8~al8 in
VIEW
8 10 -= 12 Inch..
e ,_- =2 =~ -=
/11
~!
JAPANESE
INCENDIARY
USE -NAVY
BOMB
TYPE 2. -2. 50 KG
CYLINDERS)
E IN C B.D.l: REFER
(ELECTRON / STEEL
AIRFORCE
I. 6/4/99
.I
u."
SHEET 2.
0 0 \ 0 0000 Ii-:-e :e..-:e 0 0 ~~~o 0 0 0 0 \ 0 0 0 0 BOLm3 "" D1a

&" M S PLATZ
//~-;~~~""" 0 0 0
TOP
1 0
RETAI~ING
2
Scale
PLATE
8 10 12
4
in
111Gbee
3, R lIS RoAn
:.rCELLULOID
1 0 2
Scale
TRAY
8
Inches
4
in
10
12
HOLm It'
BOTTOM
1 0 2
Scale
RETAINING
~
111
PLATE
10 12
8
Inchee
3"
1I 2t" 2" a I -I
GRUB SCRJ;/I1
3
TAIL FUZE ADAPTOR
."
x i"
SCRB
S'lVI5
.Q1
MACHINED COUPLING RING
1 0 2
Scale
.0
111
e
Inches
10
12
O12~45
Scale in Inch..
"
E IN Co, AM Fo
BOAm DISPOSAL TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION 0
JAPANESE :1/3 Kg H.E.
CLUSTERBOm CONTAINER
RE:ER1i!NQ~.
bomb. 2e
Dimensions:
See BDTI B/2/100
-description
of 1/3 Kg H.E.
DETA!LS.
Diameter. Thickness Wall Overall thickness. length.of en~ plates.
3'5-k" 8"
0.050" 0.075" (16 gauge) (13 gauge)
Weight~
Container Filled
(bombs
empty..
&
packing)
35 Kg (78 lbS)
0010!!! :
Painted BLACK.
20.;1: lbs
3.
4.
~.
DESCRlprIO!. (See diagram)
Contains 76 ARMYAirforoe type 1/3 Kg H. E. bombs packed in 4 seotions each of 19 banbs.
The oontainer is formed by 3 interlocking lengths of corrugated sheet steel olosed at each end by hexagonal sheet steel plates. The 3 lengths are held in position by'4 encircling sheet steel bands and clips.
The clips
Bungee
are prevented
from opening
by 2 arming wires.
end plate are 3 at the end of' each.
cords
Attached externally to 7i" long with ,a steel
each hook
One of the 3 interlocking lengths servas as the upper portion of the horizontally suspended container. To this portion is ~pot welded a smooth semi-ciroular sheet steel pieoe 2'10" long, in the centre of which is locatsd a swinging type suspension lug.
On each side of the lug, between it and the inner steel bands is welded a small eye-bolt thl'ough whioh the a~ing wires pass. The 4 internal
group board of 19 packed disc between
sections,
formed
each containing
by a transverse
a
card-
bombs, are eaoh group.
5.
OPE~.I.ON (assumed).
The arming wires are made fast at their centre to the bomb rack. On release of the container the arming wires slip the eye-bolts and clips, the encircling bands
and end plates separate, thus
fall away and the interlocking releasing the cluster.
sections
/0.1
1.
JAPANESE
i KG H.E. (CLUSTER) BOMB

USE -ARMY AIRfORCE REFER E IN C B.D.TI. B/5/116
",~~O\J~
DiD PLAft
~QD
CORD
END
VIEW
BOOI CLIP
A ~c
RftAININU
n'1"rIRO PLAtS
BAND~
./
/
/
'SECTION
SHOWING BOMB
AA
...RRAN~EMENT.
PLATZ
t!ARDBOARD
~OD. (16 Gaua8) 1 K8 50118
'075" (15 oauc:e)E LEVA TION

PARTLY BOMB CUT AWAY
SHOWING
ARRANGEMENT
,~
J, 9 + 2
'.
in
8
Inches
10
1~
Scale
E IN C., AM F.
JAPANESE PAMPm.ET
ISSUED
20 DEO 43
CONTAINER -50 Kg
(AIRCRA:D-!' ) JAPANESE DESIGNATION.

9
Dm'AILS. Dimensions: Overall length (exol. Diam. of body.. Diam. over tail fins. Width of fins.. '" Total
Wei$'ht
fUze)
..3'1" 7," ~" ~" 110 lbs

approx lbs"
Wei~ht~:
weight filled..
empty..
Oolou!:
LIG1f1' BROWN
g.
aerial lease AR1~ Airforce type container fitted with D.l(A) burst fuze whioh is designed to burst open and rethe load of pamphlets at a predetermined height
above ground. 4.
throughout
DESCRIPTION.
The canplete and consists
The BODY
(See diagram)
casing is constructed of a body and a tail
2 diametrically the sides and
01' cardboaro un1 t.

s~ots about
has down
opposite te~inatin~
running
horizontally
l-in. nose
from either is centrally
end. The per1'orated
1'lattened to I'eceive
end of its a flanged
r<amded ring,
the cylindrical portion 01' which fits into a solid wooden block suitably recessed to receive it. The ring is secured by 3 wire nails passing through its 1'lange. The wooden block is in 2 pieces ~plit to line up with the slots in the barrel.
A small
has ter
BURSTERCHARGEin a cardboard
the detonator flanged ring. of
container
a pocket to receive is screwed into the
the fuze when latThe charge is can-
posed of potassium
matter.
nitrate,
aluminium, swinging
sulphur suspension
and silioeous is fitted.
Normal ARMYtype
The TAIL UNIT oonsists of a conical portion secured to body by small bolts which fit into bayonet slots in the body. 4 tail fins braced with 2 sets of box-type struts complete the assembly.
5.
FUZING.
ARMY type fuze D.l(AJ is fitted (see BmI
6.
B/9/91J
ACTIQN.
When the fUze fUnctions the detonator explodes charge,-splitting the bomb into 2 halves and the pamphlets in mid-air.
the burster releasing
7.
DISPOSAL.
Deal with fuze as laid down in BDTI B/9/91. The casing will generally collapse on impact with any surface except very soft ground, and the carcase is harmless after removal of the fUze and burster charge.
/'$-
3. 1.
JAPANESE
CONTAINER
USE -ARMY AIRFORCE
REFER
E IN C
B. D. 1: I
6/5/92
II-
~I
~
~
,TAIL
at~
~!
VIEW
BJETEiI
-'),'
~:::=:=~ ~
~
roo
".
NOSE
VIEW
ELEVATION
"""', .-'
--
E IN C., AM F.
BOMB DrSPOSAL
ISSUED
20 DEC 43 Kg
JAPANESE PARACHt1rE BOMB CONTAINER -60
(Provisional)
DmAIL.
Dimensions: Overall Thickness ~ei~hta: ~olou!-: : MarkiDRs: length..
cylinder.. ..1
2'lt"
'lO!" 9:t"
Length of' body Max. diameter
of' body casing.
..0.08" Kg Kg
Total weight, incl. bombs ..60 Container, excl. bombs.. ..10 GREY body oylinder GREEN band on nose tip BLACK band on remainder of' nose.
2.
chute level
!!.m.
NAVY HE flying bombs Airforce (each type approx personnel 10 container Kg) and and housing released aircraft. 5 at paralow against grounded
3.
DESCRIPl'IOB. (a) Bod.V c~siBe.

sheet
(See consists
diagram) 01' 2 hemi-cylindrical

internally normal NAVY with type 4 lugs eye-
pieces of and rivets. bolt.
steel joined Suspension is
(b)
No~~~.
steel and has a portion are
The nose
threaded below is weld jointed.
tip
made
is
machined
for a
solid
f'uze. and rim, by 4 fits lead The the
opening
hollow 2 parts welded inside strips (c)
of sheet steel A sheet steel hollow positioned portion,
around the base the body casing soldered to the
of and rim.
the is
Base cove. IT IS ASSUMED that a conical shaped base cover of sheet metal fits into the rear end of the body cylinder in same manner as nose piece, and that nose piece and base cover are prevented from falling fixed outwards eyebolts by on rim 4 joining each wires end. attached to
4. 5.
FUZING. ACTIOli.
Airburst (Assumed) piece
type
nose
fuze
D.4(A)
is
fitted.
The nose
separated burster
and out allowing of the rear
and base
on fuze breaking
by cylinder. the
cover
D.4{A) the 4
parachutes,
are
probably
a
to escape
from charge
the
the container in mid-air,

bQmQs, end of aided the
initiating joining \vires
NOTE 1. bO@bs in (a) or
the
A container air will on
which probably impact
has failed either and the
to -
release
its
collapse
bombs
may
be
scattered,
(b) the driven
body casing may remain intact, the heavy nose inwards and the condition 01' the bombs innot fuze be known. D.4(A) by In such cases, normal method endeavour before at-
side will to remo~e
tempting removing t'#)'
to dismantle bombs.
container
with
the
object
of
1.
JAPANESE
BOMB CONTAINER
USE -NAVY AIRFORCE REfER E IN C B.D.1:!
60 KG.
YUZE
CAVITY
GRmI
BAND
;'
SECTION
ELEVATION
E IN 0., AM F.
BOMB DISPOSAL
TECiINICAL INSTRUCTION.
ISSUED
20 DEC 43
JAPAl'lESE
PRACTICE
BOMB
( AIR CRAbTl' )
-31
Kg
1.
DETAILS.
Dimensions:
--,~"
OveI'all length.. Length of body.. Length of tail unit BaI'I'el wall thickness. Diam. of baI'I'el.. Diam. aveI' tail fins Width of tail fins. Total weight (excl. smoke pI'oducing mateI'ial) WHITE (painted)
RED fUll LINES length (2) of diametrically bomb body.
2' lqt'. 1 ;1 1'54" ..t" 7" gr" 74" 68 lbs appI'ox.
Wei~h~ Colou!:
MaI'king~:
: :
opposite
and
2. bomb
USE. USedrOI'
NAVY AirfOI'ce sighting and
for
steel walled CONCRETE bombing exeI'cises.
FILLED
3.
DESCRIPTION.
(See diagI'am) of 2 main stI'uctUI'al parts -
The bomb consists
(a) Nose and BaI'rel aI'e in one piece, machined steel, with no provision foI' a base plate OI' coupling ring. A shaped wooden disc closes the base and projects
4" into tail cone for sion Navy type eyebolts securing are same. fitted. Twin suspen-
(b) Tail unit. A tail cone of sheet metal is secured to the barrel with B screws. 4 tail fins of sheet steel are spot welded to the cone and braced with box-type struts. The cone is slotted between the fins as shown for exit of smoke.
A metal
and This
container
to smoke
fits
neatly
inside
with
tail
A is into
cone
is secured holds a tube of
base closing producing
disc liquid.
4 screws. central inserted the in
booster the apex liquid.
filled with the container
PICRIC ACID and extends
4.
FILLIN~S.
(a) tic Nose and purposes body are filled and stability with CONCRm)J: for ballis-
(b)
5. tonation fractUI'ed.
Composition
of
smoke producing
liquid
is
unknown.
ACTION. On impact, the fuze assembly initiates deof the booster charge and the metal container is Heat from explosion causes the smoke material
to produce tail cone. 6. For
smoke which
escapes
through
the
slots
in
the
FUZING. description NO!~~.
Only tail fuze B.6(A) can be fitted. and method of removal see BmI B/7/123. after booster vii thdrawal tube. of
The bomb is ha~ess fUze with attached
,,9'
31
KG.
USE
-NAVY
AIRfQRCE
REF"ER
E IN C
B.D.TI. B/5/48
ELEVATION
mJ.m
PLUG
--.
SHEET STEEL
CONTAINER It!. TAIL CONE
JAPANESE GAS BOA1B, TYPE 92 -50
Kg
DETAILS. ,
Dimensions: Overall length Diameters body Length of ~barrel
tail Width of ThiclOless tail of
nose piece.
fins fins. barrel wall.
..71"
3'9" 2' 7" 7~"
~j" ri" i
44 lbs 5iz lbs
Weights:
Liquid Burster
Ernptybamb
gas filling. charges
60 lbs (approx)
" "
(2)
Cglour
GRhYISH GREEN (painted) RED and BLUE narro\'7 bands on nose

YELLOfV and '.'mITE 1" bands below suspension around barrel
!'!arl{in~s:
YELLOW1" band around barrel above suspension (standard colour for vesicant ohemical in this position) roUBLE CROSS ideograph (colour probably YELLOVi) on barrel belovf tail cone weld.
2. 3.
~.
ARIJYA1rforce type gas bomb.
DESCRIPrION. (See-diagram)
(NOTE 1 : -Casing construc't100, and especially external appearance, closely resembles the 50 Kg Type 97 Incendiary bomb -see BDTI B/4/9.) The bomb consists of 3 main structural por-
tions
:(a) Barrel. A side-welded tube constructed of' ill thickness sheet steel. A steel carrying band encircles the barrel for fitment of normal AR1.~ type svnnging suspension. The nose end is \'lelded to a shaped he avy bulkhe ad which (i) is pel'forated
tainer for and burster
and threaded
to receive
a con-
the secondary system;
detonating,
booster
(ii) (iii)
fornlS a base for piece; and serves as a "push"
attachment plate
of the nose 5 belov..)
(see para
(b) Nose piec~, of by 3 screv.. studs.
steel, is retained The nose opening
on tILe bulkhead receives a
fuze
and either
1 or 2 grub screws to secure
it
(c) Tail unit. A truncated tail cone fits over the rear end of the barrel and the joint is sealed \'dth a continuous fillet weld. Four fins are spot welded to tl~e cone and braced vnth 2 s&ts of boxtype struts made of apprax 5/16" tubular steel welded to the fins
///
1.
-2 -
4.
FILLIl'IGS.
(a) Burster ACID. char~e~ The nose and boosters burster charge are is all in of the PICRIC fonn of
a preformed
a perforated ket formed cylindrical
block
of explosive
which fits
against
wood block at the nose and has a pocto receive a booster pellet. The shaped central burster charge is
pressed povrdered explosive \'/rapped in waxed paper which fits into a thin steel cylindrical container and also receives a secondary booster tube (b) Chemical contents. The body and cone cavities are filled with ~prox 13 litres of liquid hillSTARD and LmVISITE gases (50/50 mixture by weight).
5.
AafrON.
On impact, the fuze assembly initiates detonation of the nose burster charge. The shock overcomes the creep spring of the secondary striker vrhich
pierces booster an initiator and burster cap and systems. so initiates the secondary
Explosion of the nos~ charge tends to give an upward lift to the bulkhead, shearing the nose \'/eld and separating the casing sections. Penetration before explosion is thereby somevrhat counteracted. EXplosion of
the central liquid gas. charge shatters the casing and spreads the
6.
7.
FJ]ZING.
Normal fUzing DISPOSAL. is nose fUze A.2(B). intact) see BDTI B/6/73 (Bomb \vhich is
(a) Fuze removal. (b) Destruction.
For fUze A.2(B)
Refer to BIYrr D/20/23 -"Dispoaal of' Gas Bombs and ~!1ss1les".
JAPANESE
GAS BOM B, TYPE 92 USE: -ARMY AIRFORCE REFER E IN C BDT! S/~/.l4
I. ,. _!
t
IT
~
YElJ.OW BAND
rI'
LI~
LEWISITE GASBAND
WSTAJID ,\NI)
r--=-:I=-~-:
,-,.-
CARRYniG
CDlTRAL
" WHITE
BU~TER
alAmE
BAND
,YEl.LOW BAND
~
!
:;~
-DOWELS
CFllTRAL BU~TER BOOST!R -alAmE OOIi'fAIHER
-=...
SmONDARY SEX DETAIl.
STRIDR, Bm.OW
:!.t::~'.;,:.::~j4
NOSE CARDBOAlil BU~TER DISC alARGE/
---BLUE
BAND
BOOSTER PEl.LET
~~~~jQ~f
SECONDARY
""'Hm
BAND
SECTION
22
1_- ~__L_L_L 9~~ Soale 111 Inoh.. roBE
r--CDTaAI. BIEDa-t 0(87ADR~

CDlTRAL WmI_D
_.~
<--PERFO~
COIIPOSITI~
WASHER-L!:A'reD
CEARGI :::::=--r-
I~.
~lXLT"ASBZR
WLIBUD-
INli'lATOR
CAP
..~
u:.~v
CRDP SPBDlG /'
SAnTY SHEAR pm
~
/ & \ BOOSTER STRIKER
:';~':,DEQlA1'Oa SYSTEM
SECONDARY BTIXER
SECONDARY
/1'
1 '4~
~ .y;~.::.~ -r
ISSUED
20 DEC 43
JAPANESE SMOK3i:SIGNAL
(AIRCRA]Yf)
-1
Kg
JAPANESEDESIGNATION. --
2.
DE."l'AILS. Dimensions: Lengths

Max. Weights: Total Burster Smoke
~overall..
nose tail & piece. tail piece.
' 1~"
9" 6"
diameter.. weight producing charge. charge.. ..
3" 2.2 lbs approx
Colour
\VffIT~J ~rubber)
WHITE BLACK painted) painted)
ballistic
tail central piece
cap
and portion. fins
~.
ARMYAirforce
land target preparatory
type smoke bomb for

to bombing.
marking
4.
DESCR!PTION. (See diagram)

The bomb comprises
(a) Nose portion. This
2 main structural
i6 a one-piece iron
portions:
cast1ng
of comparatively heavy members to give the re~uired bal11stics. Three TRMTSVERSE BARS. support a central column which serves as the FUZE BODY. The
nose end is cap of white A steel closed sheet by a hemi-spherical rubber. through cap the ballistic centre the base this of the
STRIKER passes
fuze.
against a striker A brass
At one end it
has a mushroom head fitting

and at into the 1nto other of plug
the rubber ballistic needle screwed in. INITIATOR PLUG slides
the fuze
and is retained
'i;ly a SCREI'J PLUG.
The end
of the brass beneath the Safety
DETONATOR TUBE projects initiator cap. fitted are -
devices
(i)
A SAFETY PIN, which 1s inserted
through
the
external wall, passes through a hole in the fuze body and partly engages in a groove cut on the side of the striker. It 1s withdrawn on loading into the aircraft. (11) A SPRING-LOADED PLUNGER, the pin end of which passes through a hole in both fuze body and strilter. The plunger is Itept depressed (i.e. the pin end retains the str1ker) until the bomb is released.
(iii)
~\ thin
striker.
SHEARVIIRE through
After release,
the fuze
is the
head and
only
this
means by wh1ch the striker
i6 held.
ItS.
3. 1.
-2 (b) Tail piece. The TAIL CONEis made of thin

slotted for attachment The nose end is closed to 3 screws by a thin
sheet metal and on metal nose.
sheet metal BULKHEAD. and the rear end by a metal cap. 4 TAIL FINS (unbraced) are soldered to the
cone. where ~ shown. type swinging suspension is fixed
Screwed to the bullthead is ing an INNER TUBE, with linen two. The DETONATOR extends sliding through the cylindrical
a CENTRAL TUBE houspacking between the into the inner tube, burster charge.
BROWN WADDING (probably steeped in an inflammable mixture) fills the end of the inner tube.
5.
FILLINGS.
(a) Burster char~et A cylindrical plug of pressed powdered~WGRIC ACID wrapped in waxed paper and holed centrally for the detonator.
(b) Smoke material. pletely fi~~s~fie tail RED PHOSPHOROUSpowder comcone outside. the central
tube.
6.
AarION.
On impact, the fUze assembly initiates the detonator which detonates the burster charge. This bursts the bomb and at the same time the heat from explosion causes the red phosphorous to ignite and give off a dense cloud of wh1 te smolce.7.
FUZI!!G.
construction. Fuze A.5(A) is an integral For description, see
8.
DISPOSAL.
(a) Destruction. Wherever possible, destroy in
situ. To destroy, place charge a gainst mushroom head if the latter has not been driven in hard against fUze head; if it is, place charge on tail cone near joint with metal nose (b) Precautions when handling. In UXBs the thin shear wire will almost certainly be sheared and the striker has pierced the initiator, or is free to ~o so. In either condition the bomb is dangerous. If necessary to handle, pick up by the middle, carry HORIZONTALLY, avoid jolting and do NOT drop bomb.
..
part of the BIYrI B/6/86.
bomb
(c) Renderin~ .t'uze sa!:e.
See Burr B/6/86.
NOTE 1 :- If dismantling bomb is necessary, :first detach tail cone and withdraw together with burster ~lug. NEVER remove detonator WHILST it is pierced by the striker.
II?
E IN C., AM F.
BOMBDISPOSAL TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION.
JAPANESE SMOKE
ISSUED
20 DEC 43
FLOAT -2 Kg
(Yellow Smoke)
JAPANESE DESIGNATION. -
2.
DETAILS.
Dimensions: Max. Overall diameter length. of body..
4!"
~e~~~hts: : Colour Total WInTE v/eight (painted)
1'61"
4! Ibs
(painted)
Markin~8:
YELLOW nosepiece
3.
4.
!!!.
NAVY Airforce type smoke float for navigation
purposes
by d~'.
(See diagram) is cast brass weighted with lead and
DESCRIPTION. (a) Nose piece
soldered to-the BUOYANCY CHAMBER. The SMOKE CANDLEUNIT screws into the nose as shown. (b) Buoyancy Chamber (bo~)
constructedot-2~-gauge soldered to the tail end. plug
is
sheet
conical
in shape and by 3
end of
metal. 3 fins are An EMISSION TUBE passes into the tail
centrally
metal discs. the tube.
full
l~ngth
A cork
of body and is supported

fits
(c) Smoke Candle alloy containing the .(d) candle wit~
Unit consists or a casing of light a smoke producing composition. the IGNITER.
QUICKMATCH V1ICK and a length
of SAFETY FUZE connects
~~e I~iter cartridge casing houses a release pin, a spring loaded striker and an initiator cap pressed into a plug which screws into the end of the cartridge.
5.
ACTION.
After removing the safety pin, the release pin is withdrawn per medium of the pull cord and the striker is put under pressure of its spring. The striker is released when the end of the release pin is free of the cartridge case and impinges the initiator cap. The smoke composi-
tion is finally ignited by the safety fuze and quickmatch wick. The bomb is dropped by hand immediately after the
release 6. pin is pulled right out. has failed to function) prSPOSAL. (Bomb which
(a) Precautions in handling. ~Vhen release pin missing the bomb should be handled with care. necessary to carry, keep bomb TAIL DO\VN.
(b) d~ Destruction. in deep water; Puncture or the buoyancy alternatively,
is If
chamber and fill emission
tube with water, wait i hou~, then dismantle and

destroy parts separ~tely.
,,~
1.
SMOKE
(YELLOW
USE -NAVY AIRFORCE
FLOAT
-2
KG.
SMOKE)
'REFER EIN C
B.D.TI B/5/71
~
J
"S
CORK WASHER
SEAL!%) WIT!! WAX
GUSS!:r
/20::
/'
"1"-"")
1
IGNITD ;.
... I !' E
8EOJRm WITH
208m
ooppm WIRE-
8AFETr FUZE-_--J ~88ION ruBE SWG18

,SUPPORTING DISCS
. J
...
QUICKMATQI WICK-
WASHER BODY 22 SWG~
PAD/TED MiITE 'OUI(1Q4ATai CARDBOARD LININGs.lOKE CANDLE UNIT-
..~
CARDB~ WASIIER '"
~I
~An-
KOSE PAD/TEDLEAD ---
YELLOW
PACKING /
ELEVATION
'
SECTION
'B~
LEATHER WASBm
1" Dia BRAssRIlla,
TAIL
VIEW
],0123456
Scale
in
Inche.
IGNITER
~ i 0 Soale in ~ Inohes ?
J I ~ 8: ,FINS
E IN C.,
J\ 1;1 F.
BOMB DISI'OS,'IJ.,
TECln'rICAL INSTRUCTION.
ISSUED 20 DEC43
PARACII1Jl'E ILLUMINATING (AIRCRAF'l1)
JAPANESE DESIGNATION. ,
2.
DETAILS (incomplete). Dimensions: Overall Leng th length . 0f' con t a~ner 2'10" V
2 ' 7 1"
Length of' barrel of' container Diameter of barrel.
..2'~" 6-1;-"
Colou: Marking~:
,GREY (painted) NIL
3.
areas
:!l.!.
for NAVY Airforce night bombing or type flare to reconnaissance illuminate purposes. target
4.
bal'rel
DESCRIPTION. (incomplete)
of The outer container 18 gaur~e ~I.S. plate.
see diagram.
consists of a cylindrical
1\ v/eighted nose piece of 16 gauBe 1J!.~. plate is lap-jointed to the barrel and houses "a wooden block \vhich apparently secures the nose weight and also serves as a distance piece.
end of Four the barrel. stabilizing fins are soldered to the rear
vided, and the barrel
A single NAVY type suspension is presumed to be located over at approx 12" from the nose.
eyebolt a band
is proaround
, The exact nature of the end cap is not knO\vn, but it is held in position by spot soldering in four places, and sealed against moisture with shellac or similar material.
The inner casing (of which no particUlars available) slides into the container, and houses the candle with attached parachute.
are flare
5.
FUZING.
-see BDTIB!9!103.
The flare is fuzed at the nose only v/ith fuzeD.3{A)
6.
" D.3(A)" ignites
ACTiON.
On release functions after a small po\7der of the a brief charge flare from the aircraft, interval of f'alling and v/hich propels the candle fuze
vrith attached parachute f'rom the container. sumed that the inner casing is also expelled self' fram the candle and parachute.) lnins, candle Flares observed a:nd the rate of'descent was consumed.
(It is asand frees it~ as the
have burned for approx. appeared to decrease
I~I
1. JAPANESE
-2 At descent an estimated appeared to height cease, of app~ox 1200 ft above and the flare hovered
ground,
at
this
height DISPOSAL.
until
the
candle
was vlholly
consumed.7.
(proviSional)
for in a nearby excavation if fire risk
should
(a)
be
as
Procedure follows
f'lare
disposal
of
an
un-ignited
flare
is
Place present.
(b) Deal with

B/9/103,
(c)
fuze
7.
D.3(A)
as' laid
down in BDTI
cavity and through the owing to
para
Insert an igniting agent into fuze destroy flare. (A method of ignition rear end of container is not sug~ested lack of details of construction.)
E IN C., AM F.
BOMB DI SPOSAL
ISSUED
20 DEO 43
JAPANESE 1.
ILLUMINATING
FLOAT FLARE TYPE ,

"Illuminating Flare Bomb".
2.
DETAILS.
Dimensions: Overall length.. Length o.f body.. Max. diam. o.f body.
Illwninating Total weight. charge
l'lDt" 1'2" Bi"

5-1 lbs lbs
Weights:
ColQu_~ :
3. purposes ~. by
GREY (painted)
type .float flare .for navigation
NAVY Air.foroe night.
4.
DESCRIPrION.
(a) Nose. the"bOdy
(See diagram)
metal ballistic nose is welded purposes. to
The hemispherical and weighted .for
(b)~. The BODY CASING, made o.f sheet steel, is conical in shape. 2 hinged SPRING HANDLES .for carrying are .fitted midlength. Body and tail/casing are joined by 8 screws which screw into WOODEN SPACING DISCS through both these parts. A CENTRAL TUBE; containing the illuminating composition, slides into a WOOD RING at the nose end. A WATER INLET HOLE in the nose end o.f the BODY BUOYANCY CHAMBER is covered by a TEAR-STRIP.
(0) Tail unit. with '4 FINS TAIL soldered CASING on. is made A shaped o.f sheet steel METAL END CAP
is
The and ono
soldered
central i8 itsel.f
on to
seal
the
REAR BUOYANCY CHAMBER.

through a thin the metal end cap LEAD CAP soldered
tube projects sealed with
An IGNITER cartridge cap and the hole sealed o.f S~ FUZE connects QUICKMATCH which rests composition.
is
inserted through the metal with solder. A 10'1 length the :lgniter with a coil o.f on top o.f the illum.1.nating
5. J.CTION. Preparation .for hand launching is same as .for S1~OKE FLOAT BOMB described in BDTI B/5/71 para 5. The safety .fuze burns .for 35 seas and the quickmatoh ignites
the the 6.
illuminating opening. DISPOSAL.

(a)
composition
cap
which
.flame. and the
burns
Heat flame
.for
it
mine
with
a brilliant bustion
greenish-yellow mel te the lead
o.f initial oamissues through
(Flare
whioh
has
.failed
to
.funotion)
Preoautions in haDdlin~. When Igniter release pin is missing, the .flare should be handled with care as it burns with intense heat. I.f necessary to carry, keep .flare TAIL OOWN. Destruction. Puncture body case (or remove tear=str1p) and dump in deep water; or alternatively .flare may be expended by puncturing lead
(b)
cap
with
a kni.fe
end
inserting
an igniting
agent.
fl.}
JAPANESE
FLOA T
6/5/78
WIRE
TAn. rIll ~
QUICKl!ATai OOn.~ BUOYANCY CHAMBER-
c:..;
~~
;--~
METAL SHEAm
ASB~TU$ LmDMETAL TE PLA ~
WOODni IiPACING DISCo1
f t
j
"
INITIATOR IGNITER
CAB.
CARDBOARD SPACING STRIP

SA:nTr JU ZK
-WA'l'XR
C<8UNlCATIOB
HOLZ
--BA1IDLE
:,
I
---BODY CASING
"mOYANCY CI!AMBZR
...
-CDlmIJ.
~
cnDmD
CABDBOAllD CONTAmR
---ILLUMINATING
OOIlPOSITI(8
WOODmi RING
WELl}
--I
WEIGHTED NOSE ~
-DiD
PLAT!:S
~~~~~~~~
~ 0 1
Scale
i-
~;
2
:::j
3
-j
.,
~~
in Inche.
ELEVATION
1 0 2 4
_Sc~e in Inches
-~
E IN C., AM F.
BOMB DISPOSAL TEaHNICAL INSTRUcrrION.
ISSUED
20 DEC 43
J APlINESE
FLOAT
FLARE ,
TYPE
94 -
Kg
JAPANESE DESIGNATIO!!~ Type 94, Aerial Indicator Flare.
2.
DmAIL.
Dimnsions: OVerall length Dif' am. 0 casing. Diem. over tail f'ins Complete flare Empty of' charges. GREY(painted) 1'0" 24 ~" 4" lbs 1 lb.
!eish~ Colou!: :
.!!.,rl.
n&yigational 4.
NAVY Air~orce
purposes.
type
float
~lare
for
night
DESCRIPrIO!!.
Apart
(See diagram)
the 3 Kg flare described is also soldered tinplate
o~ this ~lare BDTI B/5/75. throughout.

but
is simdlar to Construction
"'
from size
and minor details,
the design
in
The NO box-type
flare struts
herein as in
described the 3 Kg
has flare.
4 tail
fins
5.
~Q!!QE.
The preparation for dropping flare and the principle for generating acetylene gas and igniting it with phosph1negas are same as in the 3 Kg flare though the former gas emerges at the tail somewhat differently.6.
DISPOSAL.
(Flare which has failed
to function)
Ex:Pendin water. NOTE 1.

A1odification
cribed differs
oor Typ~. variation
(Possibly of the
ARMYAirforce flare
and action
use)
but
is similar as regards construction in the following respects :-
A factory
above des-
Overall length. Diem. of casing Colour ..o.
14" approx 3" " BLACK
Construction: -2 tinplate diaphragms, each perforated with 2 holes, are fitted internally, one immediately above and the other around top of nose water inlet tube. Calcium phosphide is contained in a single cylinder. An additional lead weight is soldered to the exterior of the nose about 1" from the end in such a manner as to cause flare to float at an angle.
1.2{"
3. 1.
KG
USE NAVY ArRFORCE
REFER E IN C B.D.1":I. B/5/128
4"
CALCnw PHOSPHmE nI
MF.SH CONl'AINm "'"
,RUBB~ /
/ JETS
alP
(.3)
rEARSrRIP
FnIE GAUZESCRmI
PREVmlr BAC I'LASII
TOI
PBOSP!!INE GAB
CE2lTRAL'roBE
LABn
1;;::-
,-
2 CLOSED CYLINDEJI!
...
~I
,\-ELEVATION
X2..
FILLED WIlH r CALCIUI! PHOSPHIDE
r~p
TDiPLATE
ON EDGE
fJUOYANCY QiAllBIR
RID ARROW
niLm
ACm"ii.EIIE
GAS
SOLDERED
WIRELl!3H DISC-
CALCIUJ4 CARB~ IN Lma'8
WATER INLi'r
roBE
WATER JNLEr HOLE /
WEIGHT
SECTION x-x
PLAN
AT
NOSE
1 0 1 2
,PLAN
3 4
AT
TAIL
Scale
in
Inches
p-~ ~ I
E IN C., AM F. BOMB DISPOSAL TECHNICAL INSTRUarION.

JAPANESE FLOAT FLARE,
ISSUED
20 DEC 43
TYPE
94 -
3 Kg
~SE
DESIGNATIQ!!.
Type 94, Modification 1, Float Light.
2.
DNrAILS.
Di~noions:-:~. Overall length.. Max. diame t er
We1~ht~: Complete flare.. Calcium carbide charge
l'S!-" 48 3"
7 lbs 2 lbs
Colo~
BRIGHT YELLOVi
3.
navigational
~
NAVY Airforce type float flare for nignt vurposes.
4.
DESCRIPTIOrj.
The flare A lead
(See diagram)
18 of weight soldered in the tinplate nose and construction a buoyancy
throughout.
chamber in the rear

water. Internal (a) h
section
keep the flare

divides the
upright
flare into
in
2 parts.
construction
ere A WATER INLET a oentral WATER
INLET TUBE which is perforated

sealed at the rear end.
along
its
length
in Looated
and
a
Tinplate
diaphragms
divide
the cnamber into
2 compartments.
Lumps of
CALCIUM CARBIDE (2 lbs in all) are contained wire mesh oylinder in each compartment. (b) Buoyancy chamber an~ignitin~ system.
centrally
in the BUOYANCY CHAMBER a CENTRALTUBE is

on edge. Inside houses 3 TINP~E holes and filled
supported on a pieoe of tinplate this tube is an INNER TUBE which CYLINDERS each with gas emission
with lumps of CALCIUM PHOSPHIDE (li ozs in all) contained in cylinders made of wire mesh. At bottam of central tube a further quantity of calcium
phosphide is placed in a ball made of wire mesh. A second WATER INLET TUBE leads from interior of inner tube to a hole in side of outer casing and .sealed by tear-off strip.
5.
~ap are
ACTION.
Before removed. dropping, the 2 tear-off After impact with the seat strips water and end enters
through
the nose inlet
hole,
wets the calcium
carbide
and
aoetylene gas is generated. Simultaneously, through the side inlet hole, wets the calcium and generates phosph;ne. The acetylene gas
the annular space between emerges through 3 jets at the tail central and end and is
water enters phosphide passes along

tubes, ignited by
inner there
the phosphine
gas which is
spontaneously
inflammable
in
the air. Excess of production of acetylene increases internal pressure which lowers the water level in nose inlet tube. As internal pressure drops, more water will enter
and increase production fairly constant pressu1'& of acetylene. is maintained. By this means a
6.
11.7
DISP.OS~.
Expend
(Flare
in water.
Which has failed
to fUnction)
1.
FLOAT
JAPANESE
TYPE 94. MODIE

AIRFORCE
USE
-NAVY
REFER EINC B.D.TI.
B/5/75
RED ARROW
CALCIUIi PHOSPHIDEIN IIESH CONl'AINER
"'"
""
,JETS (3)
FINE GAUZE s~
PREVmlT BACK FLASH
---LABEL TINPLATE
CALCIUM PHOSPHIDE DI
13
II]SH CONTAINms INNER

CENTRAL
"
~
11
~~
LABm. BUOYANCY
CALCIUM PlIOSPHIDE II]SH CONTAINER w,oTER DlLET SEALING DISC ~ IN
,,~;-
RFJ)ARROW
TINPLATE WIRE )(mil DIAPIIRAQII ~ DISC
~
g ~
H:ELDDOWN BY RImED WASHmI 'BRI~T YELLOWBODY

WIRE )(mil CYLINDERS",,!
---
;
~
TINPLATE DIAPIIRAQII~j
INWIIPS WATERINL~ LEAD NOSE roBE
ELEVATION
SECTION
RED ARROW
NOSE
VIEW
TAIL
VIEW
-I
E IN C.,
AM F.
BOMB DISPOS&\I. TECHNICAL llfSTRUCTION.
JAPANESE NAVIGATION
MARKER, TYPE 0 ~ MOD&
1.
variations
JAPAl'lESE DESIGNATIOB-.
Type 0 ~Tavigation Marker, by diffel'ent factories are 1!'or convenience, and B. they are Modell described referred of vrhich herein. as tvro
to
VARIATION
2.
3,
4.
5.
VA.~IATION A -See
FIG 1
DETAILS.
Overall length.. Diameter of' body..
Colour -ALilliIINIUM sprayed
13" 3"
DESORIPfION. -.=-
The ALUAIINIU1J.
body
is
filled
,lith
finely
pOfldered
6.
ACTIO~T.
(a) The marker ls dropped from the aircraft by hand. (b) Impact "11th the sea thrusts the plunger hard against the \'Iood closing disc thus dislodging the tail unit and a1lovling the aluminium po\'lder to escape and foI'ln a film on the v/ater surface.
7.
VARIATIONB -see
D3TA!:L'1o
Overall lengtl1 00 00 00
FIG 2
12t"
Diameter 01' body 0 0 o. .0 ..'0 3" Total ,reigl1t 1'illed .0 o. 00 ..3 Ibs 11 ozs ';'lej.gl1t 01' filling. .0 00 00 00 11 ozs Colour -.~~IINI~1 sprayed
'Z9
-2
8.
DESCRIPTION.
A weighted NOSE PIECE of cast steel is perforated centrally to receive a turned v/ooden PLUNGER, the nose end of which is rounded in continuation of the nose curve. A wooden RA1II is glued into a hole in 1 ts rear
end.
and overlaps
A thin 3-ply the central
disc hole
is screv/ed to thus retaining
the plunger the plunger
and serving as a seal. the machincd do~m portion

thereto 7/16" short by C~1mping into A cylindrical BODY of thin 4 holes.
of the metal nose and is secured

A wooden CLOSING DISC
tinplate
fits
over
closes the rear end.
The central
throu~h of thin
ram 4-11/16'1 length by

the body to tinplate, just
diam extends centrally of the closing disc. A TAIL UNIT, all
consists
of a cone lightly tacked to the closing disc, and 4 fins soldered-on. Light box-type struts are singly rivetted to the fins. .
The body is filled
\7i th finely
p~.vdered
aluminium.
9.
ACTION.
(a) The marker is dropped from the aircraft by'hand in(b) Impact with the sea thrusts the plunger hard wards, the ram dislodges the tail unit and the aluminium l)owder escapes and spreads as a film over the ~'ater surface.
JAPANESE
MARKER.TYPEO. MODEL 1.
USE -NAVY AIRFORCE
REFER
E IN C
B.D. T.I.
B/5/126
lli-1
BIn T
f--
TDiPLA nNS m
TIN1'LATK BODI
;-'-
,,' ,':
I I ,.
ALIIKINIUK mJ.E
WUCD. PLUNGKII
SOLDmm
TO NOSE ~
BRASS ROSE CAP
ELEVATION
1 0 1 2 3
L~
nImlT
Seal.
in Inch..
--~
'"
SECTION I
PAPU COVDING GLUmJ ro .O~
.0
1
Scale in
as.
Inchee
!
TRANSLATION
I. OBL.ONG L.ABEL.
OF
ATTAC!;!ED
LABELS
IlANUFAC'lURDJDE~m 1941 t'YPE 0 NAVI~t'lON iIARKm, IiODn. 1. NAV;\L AIR ~<miICl\I. BRANai DEPOT
2 $QUARE L.ABEL.
1. z. 3.
THIS BULLET SlaVES lOR IllASURING DRIn BY MY. I*EDIATm.Y BEFOREDROPPING IT, RaOVE IT 1lIOII 1m PROTlCTlVE COvmuNO IN ~ PLAD 1HmI DROPIT JUST i.s IT IS; BIT BE CAREroL -DROPPIBG IT NOT ro n.w.\.GE mE TAn.. BU<mT AT WHICH 'DiIS WLLn SHOOLD BK IJIOPP~ IS FR,,", ~OO Ii to 11 K.
nl
JAPANESE
MARKER. TYPEO.
USE -NAVY AIRFORCE
,
B. D. T I
REFER
E IN C
6/5/126
VARIATION
lli-U
~
0I1
TAn. rIN ----STmJT
TAD. COliE-
WOODDI DISC --/ '-..;.I

~OBLONG LABEL SQ.UABr. LABEL OPPOSITX) POWDERm ALUllINIUK
~SEAK
~ .:-: It
-, \
-1-
~ .
-,-, ,
I
,
,~I 'j
'"
.,
"~
FI!LLIBG
~,,_\. ,
~/';' I "
',' , .
'I
~, ,- , i1
.'!~I -,I, :.
'", ~
.-'" !,
"
\'~
,
~ OIl
...
WOODDlRAK
'",1,'0
,~':!-,,:;.
:. ~";, /:
'/.', " \' ~, ~
BODYSCRD3 PLY ~AmI!/G
,:"." , ~"I
~~, ,
-DISC
',,', ";1
.- "
'"
-0-
~,~~':
OOD~ PLlJNGER (LOOSE lIT)
ELEVATION
STEIL-HOSE-
i\y
.a . 01 ..e.
\\1/
HOTX:-BODY. TAn. CONEAND !'IlIS CONSTmJ= O!' TINPLATE PAI1ITED AI.U)lINIUK.
,~-~=
I..-~
1. i 0 I-1.-
\..-
a2
~,
I
SECTION J.
Scale in
~.
Inches
TRANLATION OF ATTACHED LABELS

I. 08LONG LABEL MANUFAC'rol!!DDECDIBER 1~ 0 Tn'E SEAItARDR BOMBIIODEL 1. ASANOKARrrrO Co Ltd.
2.
1. 2.
SQUARE LABEL
THIS BULL!T 5:mVE lOR IlEASURING DRIFT BY DAY. DlllEDIATELY BEFOREDROPPING IT, IIDtOVE IT l'ROII ITS PROTECTINGCOVERING IN mE PLANE AND DROP IT JjJST AS IT IS; BIJ'r BE CAREFULWImI DROPPING IT NOT TO DAIIAGE mE 11AlL PIECE. 3. HEIGHT AT WHICH THIS BULLET SHOULDBE DROPPm IS !'ROIl 200 II to 3000 II.
cl --~..
~
JAPANESE NAVIGATION MARKER (Temporarily called "Cardboard type") JAPANESE DESIGNATIO!!.
Navigation Marker Bullet (?) Improvement1.
~.
BI:JHER Aluminium powder filled fuzinf!. system NOR ex"plosive seamarker, emP10yin~ constituen~~.
3.
DWl'AILS.
Di~nsions: Wei~hts: Overall length.. Diameter of body Aluminium filling.. Steel Nose Body and Tail.. Total.. ALUMINIUM SPRAYED 12i ins 2i ins 14.2 ozs 2 lbs 6.7 2.86 ozs 3 lbs 7.7 ozs ozs
Colour:
4.
5.
:!lI.. seamarlter :for navigational pm--
poses by day. NAVYAir:force '
DESCR.IPrION. (Seediagram)
Component parts are A hollow weighted NOSE PIECE o:f cast steel,
the nose end sealed by a paper cone secured vrith adhesivepaper.

A hbllow cylindrical paper BODY, reinforced"
by 9 -~ in. wide cardboard strips, the whole being glued together and the rear end closed by a cardboard disc. The body is joined to the nose and tail pieces with strips ot' adhesive p~per.
t'our t'ins
piece,
A TAIL UNIT comprising a cardboard glued to it, '~ut no struts. ALUMINIUM POWDER f111ing
a coverage on water of approx 4.2
cone with
in body and nose

sq ft/gram
having
6.
ACTION.
(a) The marker
(b) Shock of
is
dropped
with
from the aircraft

the water bursts
by hand
the paper
impact
nose tip and the paper body is broken open allowing the powder to escape and spread over the surface of the sea.
2. 1.
...f;S
JAPANESE
(TEMPORARILY
MARKER
CALLED "CARDBOARDTYPE")
E IN C a D,T REFER
USE -
NAVY
AIRFORCE
6/5/80
HOLLOW CONICAL
CARDBOARD TAILPIEC);
---!'IllS
ADHESIVEPAP:ER JODlDlG STRIPS -SQUitB7. LABEl. "'"
(OBLONG LABEl. OPPOSITE) "'"
CARDBOARD DISC
CARDBOAJll> STRIPS i. WID~-= COnRm> Wtm PAPER
ELEVATION
+01
Scale 1n
?~.
Inchee
,
'""'
/--~,
/"
STm. ROSEPI~ -t
\ ~/-,I
SECTION
'
\g CARDBOAlID $TRIPS ..WIDE

A A PAPrJ! CCIIE
--SPRAYm>
s-c8:fe~Ch88
COLOUr.: -ALUlaNIUK
TRANSLATION
I. OBLONG LABEL IIAN\1FA~ DE~R 1940. NAVIGATION IIARKER Btn.L1T (1) ABONAKARITTO Co Ltd.
2 SQUARE LABEL
OF
ATTACHED
LABELS
II!PRO~T
1.
1 .'MIS BULLET SERVESFoR KEASlJRING DRD'T BY DAY. 2. ~IATELY BEFOREDROPPING IT, RnlOVE IT FROMITS PAPER roBE IN 'DiE PLilNE THm DROP IT JUST AS IT IS; Bl!T BE CAREFULWIlD; DROPPINGIT NOT TU DA1I.A.GE '11iE TAlL 1'IECE. 3. HEIGHT AT Wl!IQI 'DiIS BULLET SHOULDBE DROPPED nOM 200 II to 3000 II. IS
",,\
~ I NAVIGATION
ISSUED
20DEC 43
SUMJIIARYOF JAPANESE
BOLlE
~ZES
MECHANICAL IMPACT NOSE FUZE;
FUZE
A.l(A)
USE
INavy
Am'ION
Merely Pistol
DmONATING EQPl'
REF.
standard gaine B/6/22 or mag. inducing.ins

tan. or delay.
A.i(B)
INavy 'Navy
1Ilerely Pistol
Merely Pistol
Special elongated Detonator standard

or mag. instan.
B/6/112 B/6/25
gaine
inducing or delay
A.2(A) Arnly Fuze gives Cholce l standard Detona- 1 B/6/18

01' lnstan. cr del~
Pistol choice or de-'
i
tor
A.2(B)
ArrJrS' Merely
Standard Detona-I B/6/73

to!'
A.2(C) Army
Fuze gives of 1nstan. lay
:Spec1al
to!'
Detona-:
B/6/97
A.3(A) A.3(B)
Navy j Merely
Pistol
Standard gaine
or mag. inducing I instant or delay
B/6/15
Navy I }ilerely
Pistol
do
do
B/6/S4
A.4(A)
Army
Fuze gives
of instan. lay
choice
or de-
standard Detona-itorB/6/20
anq, a boo8-iter tube
A.5(8\) I Army I\Ierely
Pistol
Speo1a.1elongated DetoI:lator
B/6/86
/Jr
A.l(C)
-2 MECHANICALIMPACT TAIL FUZES.
FUZE
USE
ACTION Fuze
fuze
D~ONATING EQPl'
Standard Detonator and a booster tube
REF. B/7/17
B/7/105
B.l(A)
B.l(B)
Army Instan.
Arnw
Short delay
tube
Special Detonator and a booster
B.2(A)
Navy
Pistol arming
with tail extension
Standard inducing
gaine delay
B/7/67
B.2(B) Navy
do
do
Special gaine inducing delay
B/7/77
B.3(A)
Navy
I Merely
Pistol
Standard
mag. stan.
gaine
or
in-
inducing or delay
B/7/19
B.3(B) Navy
do Instan.
do fuze
do
Standard
tor and tube
do
detonaa booster
B/7/26 B/7/21
B.4(A)
Arnw
B. 5(A) I Al'Irr3'
Merely
Pistol
Special initiatorj detonator and booster Special gaine
B/7/101
Be5(B)INavy
do
B/7/115
B.6(A) I Navy
Pistol
Special holder for initiator plug
B/7/123
LONGpELAY
FUZES
1!-.uZE USE
ACTION
Tail pistol for long delay obtained chemically
DETONATING EQPr
Standard inducing gaine in-
REF
C.l(A) Navy
B/8/16
stan.
C.2(A) Navy
Nose long ally
tained chemic-
pistol delay
1'or ob-
standard inducing
stan.
gaine in-
B/a/58
C.3(A)
Army
rlose f'llze for long delay obtained chemically
Standard Detonator and a boos-
B/s/95
ter
cup
/11
4AIRBURST FUZES -~--"---"" FUZE USE ACTION

Nose fuze, barometric operation and firing electrically
DETONATING EQPT Special tor detona-
REF.
B/9/91
D.l(A) Arrrw
D.2(A) Navy
Tail f'uze with time setting olook
standard gaine or mag. inducing ins tan.
B/9/98
D.2(B) Navy
do
do
do
do
B/9/113
D.2(C)
Navy
do
do
do
do
B/9/l~O
D.3(A) Navy Nose pistol

erated ally
op,meobanic-
Initiator and del BY holder appended
B/9/103
D.4(A)Navy I
Nose
pistol
oper-
ated
mechanically
Initiator and delay holder appended
B/9/121
JAPANESE
BOJ.m FUZE
-A.1(A}
JAPANESE DESIGNATION,
~.
NAVY Air:f'orce mechanical impact nose fuze to
which- a NAVY type

3.
standard
saine
or magazine can be fitted.
BOMB~ IN \i/HICH USED. Details of fuze A.l(A) are INCOMPLETE but

in any of
it
the
can probably bombs listed
be in
substituted BDTI B/6/15,
for fuze para 3.
A.3(A)
4.
COLOUR.
Naturl'.l
5. DESCRIPrION.
BRASS.
(See diagram)
A sleeve (5) screws into the fuze body (7) and is secured thereto by a set screw (12). P. vane boss (3) fits into the upper end of the sleeve and is restricted to rotary movement by two opposite pins (4) \vnich engage in a groove cut around each part. Four-bladed arn\ing vanes are attached to the boss.
A spindle (6) passes through the centre or the fuze body, sleeve and boss, and is held against out\'lerd movement by a shoulder (8). Its rotary mov~ment is prevented by a locating pin (10) engaging in a keyway cut in the fuze body. The upper end of the spindle is lert-hand threaded to take a mushroom-headed cup (1) vlhich is restricted to vertical movement by t",O Ol~osite screw pins (2) engaging in keY\'lays cut partly along opposite sides, so limiting outward movement. whilst Method The spindle is restrained from inward movement in the armed condition by a shear ,':ire (11). by which fuze is made safe for transit is not knov.'I1.
6.
clockwise threaded
ACTION.
On release, the vanes cause so raising the mushroom-headed spindle to its limit or travel. the boss to rotate cup on the
On impact, the cup is rorced irnvards driving the striker spindle, the safety wire is sheared and the striker needle pierces the initiator cap (or detonator) the gaine or magazine.
in
7.
D~SPO3AIJ. (a) ~e~truct1on. ':Ihen the bomb is to be destro~red situ, the fUze should be destroyed \,ith the bomb.
in
(b) E~n~erinp:safe
for handlin~.
(1) If there is a space bety,een the mushroomheaded cup and the top of thc boss, sccW'e the cup against nJovement in JJ.fi direction \~'ith adhesive tape and thin pl:j.nble wire, and at the srune time bind the boss a~ain8t rotary movemep1;. /19
2. j..
-2
(11)
In many cases, however, the cup may be found jamnedhard against the boss and probably bent over 1t at the edges. In such cases adhesive tape should be used to prevent movement of any movable part, including the boss.
(c)
Fuze removal. (i) (11) (iii) Perform (b) (1) or (11) above fuze to the bomb
Remove grub
screw
secur1ng
Unscrew fuze by means of the remote led Fuze Extractor Design i11 (Aust), available
controlif
Alternatively, unscrew fUze a partial turn only with a-spanner or Stillson Vlrench and. complete removal by remote control
(iv) Destroy separating the complete the gaine or fUze assembly magazine. without
En'fc.,AJ.IF. BOI.1B DISPOSAL T~CI~rICAL INSTRUCTION.
JAPANESE BOMB FUZE -A.l(B)
JJI.PANESE DESIGNATION.
2.
3.
~.
NAVY Airforoe action. mechanical impact nose fuze with BOMBSINWHIOH USED
instantaneous
32 Kg Incendiary
vomb.
4.
5.
COLOUR.
Natural
DESCRIPrION.
BRASS.
(See diagram) and protrudes beyond A vane boss (5) rits rotary movement there-
A sleeve (7) screws into the upper end or the ruze body (9). into the sleeve and is restricted to
in by two opposite
each part.
pins
(6) engaging
arming vanes
in a groove
are attached
cut around
to theboss.
Four-bladed
A striker spindle (8) passes through the centre of the fuze body, sleeve and boss. It is held against outward movement by a shoulder (12) and against rotary movement by a pin (13) engaging in a keyvray cut in the fuze body. Only a portion of the upper end of the spindle is threaded (left-hand). A striker needle (16) is fitted to
the lower
end.
A cup (1), with a mushroom-shaped head, scrc",;s on to the spindle and is restricted to vertical movement by two opposite screv; pins (3). These engage in keyways cut partly along each side of the cup and limit its outward movement. A groove cut around the lower end of the fuze body enables a detonator holder (18) to be secured by means of tVfO set screws (17). The cup end of the detonator (19) rests in the holder and its shank projects through fitting in a pocket fo~ned in the burster charge. The spindle is whilst in an armed condition by which f\lze is made safe restrained fr~a in"/ard movement by a shear wire (10). I,Jeans for transit is not knovm.
6.
ACTION.
On release, the vanes and boss rotate clocbvise causing the cup to unscrew outv!ards. After 5~ revolutions the cup is free from the threads on the spindle, i.e. the fuze is f\llly armed. On imyact,
ing the in the detonator striker is
the
cup is
forced
inwards
thus
drivand is
spindle, pierced.
shearing The travel
the safety of the
wire striker
7/16".
I'll
1.
7.
DISPOSAL.
(a) Destruction. in situ, the
(b)
fuze
II/hen the bomb is should be blovm
to be destroyed up with the bomb

a top in
Renderin~ safe for handlin.&!. If there is space between the mushroom-headed cup and the of the boBs, secure the cup against movement
ANY direction with thin pliable tape and at the same time bind rotary movement.
wire and adhesive the boss against
In many cases, however, the cup may be found jammed hard againBt the boss and probably bent over it at the edges. In such cases adhesive tape should be used to prevent movement of any movable part, including the boss. (c) Fuze (i) (1i) (11i) removalJ Perrorm (b) above screw securing fuze to the bomb
Remove grub
Unscrew fuze by means of the remote controlled Fuze Extractor Design III (Aust), if
available Al ternatively,
only with complete
unscrew fuze a partial

or Stillson Wrench remote control
turn
and
a-spanner removal by
(iv)
Do NOT attempt to detach the holder but destroy the complete
detonator fuze assembly
JAPANESE
TYPEUSE-
BOMB
FUZE
REf"ER 6.0.1:1.
ARMED POSITION
MECHANICAL IMPACT NAVY AIRFORCE
6/6/112
..
ELEVATION
~ Si.al~1" I~che; ~
SECTION ~!iiQ ~
Scale 1~ Inche~
III$'
JAPANESE
BOlJB
FUZE -A.2(A)
Type 93, Impact Fuze, Mlc. II.
2.
selective of fUze 3.
m!.
ARMYAirforoe
instantaneous to the bomb. BOMBS IN '[fInCH
50 50 kg kg
mechanical
or delay action
i~act
set
nose fUze vlith

before fitting
UE!2
bOOlb (Phosphorous Type 92 rubber pellets)
30, 50 and 100 kg H.E. bombs Anny types

nrCENDIARY GAS bomb,
4.
5.
(10)
COLOYR.
B..T?A.'3S (natural colour).
DESCRIPTION. (see diagram)

which The fUze body screv, together. consists of All parts 2 portions are brass (7) and except
steel.
striker
needle,
creep spring
and shear vrire
vrhich are
(a) Upper 'Portion (7) houses the coDlprising a spindle (5) vrhich shoulder, a striker needle (9) (8). Two-bladed arming vanes the boss (2) which is prevented against the fUze body by a stud assemuly tool holes are drilled opposite. The spindle is held
striker mechanism is retained by a and a creep spring (3) are soldered to frorn binding on each part. Two dironetrical;l.y against movement by
a steel safety wire (6). A transit safety fork (1) fits over the vanes and into two holes in the fuze body. This is withdrawn on loading into the bomb rack.
(b) Lov{~r 'Pgt!:!on (10) houses a slip-fit
initiator
cap plug {12) and a delay plug (13). A dE~tonator (18) containing a gtmpoyrder flash pluG (16) screvrs into its base. The delay plug (13) has tvro channels, one filled with a pyrotechnic mixture and the other open. A selector scre,v (14), slotted for a screvrdl'iver, engages in the ,'rall of the plug. The pal'ts are assembled so that \'rhen the slot is in the horizontal position the open channel is blocked and the l1Yl'otechnic train can burn through giving a delay. By turning the screvi to the vertical position the flash will pass directly through the open channel and initiate the detonator before the pyrotechnic train could burn through.
6.
falloff
ACTION.
On release,
thouGh the f'uze
the vanes
is
(3) rotate
six
ten tiDIes mid

revolutions.
On irl111Elot, the striker spindle (5) is forced inward shearj.ng the shear vrire (6), overcanes the creep s!)rin? (0) ana
armed after
the striker needle (9) pieross the initiator cap ll,g). The dctonat;or (18) i8 initiated via the 01JCn :t'J.ash channel or l1yrotecl1I1:Lo train as desir(~d. -.
Iii)
1.
-2
7.
DISPOSAL. (a) Destruction. in situ, the

(b)
fUze
When the bomb is to should be destroyed
be destroyed in the bomb.
Renderin~ sai'e f'or handliM. Secure the spindle aga-rn3trOf;iii:ry~d vertical movement I'li th thin pliable wire and adhesive tape. Speoial BD Tool No.2 may be applied to prevent invlard movement of' the spindle if' it projects ~" or more beyond the f'uze head.
(0)
Fuze removal. (i) (11) (1ii) Perf'orrn Remove (b) grub above screw securing fUze to the bcmb
Unscrew f'uze by means of' the remote controlled Fuze Extractor Design III (Aust) if' available.
Alternatively, only with Special Stillson Wrench, unscrevl fUze BD Tool Np. and complete a ~artial turn 3 (a-spanner) or removal by remote
control.
RQm
JAPANESEBOMB
TYPE -MECHANICAL IMPACT
USE-
ARMY
AIRFORCE
REFER
a DoT.I. 6/6/180
.,.1
3'j,C'
n!
)(
~---1
-(i)
I"
@-~ \V:,ji
@-c
(!)-j
@-'
~
@-:
ELEVATION
~ i
Scale
0
in Inches
~ /
@-j 0-=; ~
@-...
~
~ @-=
@tl:'":,' ':'ri U;~;~
PART
SHOWING IN "HORT
SECTION
SELECTOR DELAY SCREW POSITION SHOWING IN
SECTION
SELECTOR ~CREW POSITION INSTANTANEOUS
1/f9'
JAPANESE
BOMB FUZE
-A.2(B)
~.
ARIE Airforoe
instantaneous action.
mechanical
impact nose ruze
wi ttl
3.
BOlIIBS IN WHIQH !;!SEJ2 15 Kg Ant i-pe r sonne 1- Army type 50 Kg Incendiary (phosphorous rubber 50 Kg Type 92 Gas bomb pellets)
4.
6.
O,f.:uE.
~ESORIPTI.ON.
Natural
BRASS.
(See diagrmn)
The fuze body (6) is machined out of the one piece. The striker spindle (6) is retained in the body by a shoulder and is restricted to vertical movement only by a
stud
sliding
in a groove
in the .t'uze body.

splayed vanes studs
Screwed into
to a point. The (2) are attached,
its base is a striker needle (7) vane boss (1), to which two-bladed binding with the into fUze the body by two
scre\vs on to the end of the spindle part.

on loading
and is prevented,from
(3) one on each
The U-shaped
A steel
t~ansit
bomb rack. creep
safety
(8)
fork
keeps
(4~ is
the
withdrawn
striker
spring
needle
striker base of 6. boss armed
off the
detonator
after
the boss has fallen

(11) screw
off.
into the
guide plug (9) the fUze body. Agr!ON.
and a detonator
on release,
falls after off.
the vanes rotate

between the vanes. the of
10 ttmes
striker
and the
point
The distance
and detonator
is
approx 3 I!In which means that
the fUze is
5 revolutions
On impact, the striker spindle is rorced inward overcomes the oreep spring and the needle pieroes the
initiator. 7. DISPOSAL. (a) Dea~ructign. When the bomb is to be destroyed
in situ,
the fuze
should
be blown up with
the bomb
spindle with
(b) Rendering safe for handlin~. Secure the against INWARD, OUTWARD and ROTARY movement
thin
pliable
wire
and adhesive
tape.
Special
BD
Tool No 2 may be applied to of the spindle ir it prajects fUze head (c) Fuze removal. i erform
(ii (iii Remove Unscrew
prevent inward movement i" Qr more beyond the
(b)
above
the fUze to remote the bomb controlled
grub sorew securing fUze by means of
Fuze ExtractoI: Alternatively, with Special
Design III (Aust), ir available. unscrew .t'uze only a partial turn BD Tool No 3 (O-spanner) or stillson
Wrench and comnl~te
removal
by remote control.
2. 1.
BOMB
TYPE -MECHANICAL 1MPACT USE -ARMY AIRFORCE
REFER
E IN C B. 0.1: I.
B/6/73
AIR
HOLE.
--~
~
~ ~
'~-~
,e
1=
IN
ENGAGING
GROOVE
... .
;I!
1'OOL I!OL~
r1
ELEVATION
~
SECTION
11110
--
Scal. in Inch..
LEGEND
1.
2. 3.
VANEBOSS
AIWING VARm STOP SroD SArm'Y FORK SPmDLX
7.
sTRiKERNEEDLE
8 .CREEP SPRING ~. S'mIKER GUIDE 10. INITIATOR CAP
..TRANSIT 5 .SmIKm!
11.
DETONATOR
6.
JUZEBODY
JAPANESE
BO~tB FUZE
-A.2(C)
2.
either ally
~.
ARJ.!Y Airt'orce
instantaneous adjusted in the
~chanical
action during
impact nose fuze

chosen t'light. and mechanic-
vlith
or delay bomb rack
3.
BOlIBS 11'1" '{/HIGH USED 30, 50 and 100 Kg H.E. Bombs (Army Airforcetypes).
4.
5.
GOLOyg.
Natural BRASS.
DESCRIPTIQU. The fuze (See diagram) body consists of' two portions (2) and
(7) \vhich screw together.
(a) Upper portion (2) houses the s trilter mechanism. The end of "the striker spindle (3) is r. h. threaded to ta1t(~ the vane boss (91",) to \..'\lich t'iro-bladed
vanes (1S) are attached.

saf'ety fork (1) f'its
.\ U-shaped transit
vane~; this binding to
d.ra\m on loading bomb into the bomb rack.

and fuze head are prevented from stop studs, one on each part The base of' the spindle sprinG is
over
the
is
The boss
with-
by two take a steel shear
tawed (13)
strilter
cap by
needle (4) which is held of'!" the initiating

a stcel creep and a cormAr
\'rire (12).
(b) Lo\',cr portion (7) houses an Initiator cap plug, the~s-electfve~nstantaneous or delqy asselllbly, and the detonator Tho initiating cap ~)luG (5) scre;'rs into the ~uze body abovrj a slip-~it plug (6), ..,h1(::h has t\'lO channels, one ~illed with a pyrotechnic m1xture and the oth~r opcn. :~ selector 3\'litch (16) is let into one side o~ .~he fuze body and is retained by a grub screwengaginz in a groove (11. A hole drilled throuJ::;h the flash port re~lator (14) matches tile open channel in the plug (6). A detonator (10)' SOreYlS into body. j, knurled locking ring the base of: the fuze (8) tightens the
fUze in the bomb after the slot in the head of: the selector switch has been adjusted to suit the selector gear.
6.
,AQ.'!'lQ!!.
On rele~se, the vanes (18) rotate ten times though the ruze 18 armed after 51x revo:l.ut1ons
and falloff
/I"J
-2 On impact, the striker sp1nd}e is forced inward shearing the safety wire, overcomes the creep spring and the striker needle pierces the initiator cap.
Vihen the
slot
in the head of the
selector
switch is turned horizontally to obtain delay, the open channel is blocked and the flash ignites the pyrotechnic train which burns through and in turn ignites the black powder in the top of the detonator, finally initiating the detonator.
tically to When obtain the selector instantaneous switch slot is turned veraction, the flash passes
unobstructed is initiat~d
through.
through the open channel and the detonator before the pyrotechnic train has burnt
7.
~ISPOSAL.
(a) Destru,Qt1on. \Vhen the bomb is to be destroyed in situ, the fuze should be blown up in the bomb
(b) Rendering (i) If'the wire the the
(ii) If head
saf'e
f'orhandlin;r.. is projecting beyond the head No 2

body, secure it ROTARY movement against IN\VARD, with thin pliable
spindle
of' the fuze OUTWARD and
and adhesive spindle if' fuze head

the end of' of' the fuze
tape.
Special more
BD Tool than i"
may be applied
to prevent
it projects
INV1ARD movement of'

beyond
the OUT-
the spindle is f'lush with body, secure it against
WARDmovement with
NOT to (iii) If' apply the pressure the end of
adhesive
to spindle the
tape,
spindle is
taking
in
care
be-
driven
plaster over care
yond the head of' the fuze body. ment may be prevented by gently
thin solidifying l1~1d (e.g. to f1ll the space. Then bind head w1th adhesive tape taking
OUTWARD movepouring in a
of' paris) the fuze NOT to
transmit
(c) Fuze removal.
(i) Perform necessary
pressure
to the
spindle
(b)
(i),
(i1)
or
(1i1)
above
as
(11) (111)
Remove the
grub
screw
securing Spec1al
the
fuze
to No
the bomb
Loosen lock1ng ring 3 or St1llson Wrench with BD Tool
(iv)
Unscrew fuze by means of the remote controlled Fuze Extractor Design III (Aust), available
if
Alternatively,
with
unscrew fuze
BD Tool
a partial
turn
or
only control.
NOTE. 1.
Special
No 3 (a-spanner)
Stillson
Wrench and complete
removal
by remote
the but the with para
The detonator (10), pyrotechnic plug (6) and selector switch (16) may safely be detached NOT the initiator cap' (5) whilst pieroed by striker needle. In such cases f1rst treat an explosive neutralizer (see BDTI B/10/93, 14)
1__*
<1
1.
S..818 in
In..has
SECTION
FUZE SET FOR DELAY ACTIOB
80ale
in
Inohes
($"$""
E IN C., AliI F.
BO1\ffi DISPOSAL TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION.
JAPANESE BO~ roZE -A.3(A)
JAPANESE DESIGNATION. ,
Type 97, Mk il, Impact ~'uze, Model 2.
2.
v/hich
~
a Navy NAVY Airforce type standard mechanical impact gaine or magazine nose fUze to can be fitted.
3.
(a)
BO~!BS IN \VHICHUSED
Incorporating a gaine -
60 Kg, Type 97, GP -Navy 60 Kg, Type 913, GI' -"

63 Kg, Type 99, SAP"
type "
"
250 Kg, 250 Kg,

(b) Incorporating
Type, Type,
a magazine
GP -" SAP-
"
" "
60 60
Kg, Kg,
Type Type
97~ 98,
Incendiary
"
solid electron
oil)
fire-pots)
250
Kg,
Type,
"
eleotron/steel
4.
COL!!B. Natural BRASS. (See diagram) (11) houses the striker
cvlindeI's)
-w ~---,
5.
DESCRIPl'IOn. The
:f'uze body
mechanism
only. A striker spindle (10) passing through the centre of the body is left-hand threaded at the upper end to take a pressure sleeve (6). The spindle is pre;vented from rotating by a set screw (13) and a safety shear w~re (8). A largeheaded screw (3) threaded right-hand scre\'rs into the top of the spindle to prevent the pressure sleeve unscrewing completely from the spindle. Four screws (2} pass througn the arming vanes (i) and the top of
into (.4) the and pressure (6) is free sleeve to (6), rotate. into body or the lovler is magazine.
the
(4)
4-bladed
and screw (1),
centre flat of the brass cap

thus the whole
assembly
end of threaded
the
A steel striker needle (12) sore\'IS spindle. The lower end of the fuze (15) to take a Navy type standard gaine
tation of bombraclt. the
A 3-pronged vanes.
transit This is
safety withdravm
fork on
(9) prevents loading into
rothe
Aa ~ing
side cap,
\vire
(5) is
soldered
at one end to the
of the brass cap (4), twten 1* turns around the brass then passed through the brass loop (14) ending in a loop
6.
their se:nbly sleeve
~qTIQ~.
initial On release, the affJUnci v:ire (5) gives the vanes start overcoming any binding bev:leen the brass
cap and fuze body.
The vanes rotate
clockl'iiae
until
and the asthe Dressure
(1). (4) and (6) is raised outv/ard is stopped by the large scre\v (3).
/-'"7
1.
-2 On impact, the brass cap and pressure sleeve

assembly foroes the spindle wire, and the initiator is inwards pieroed shearing the by the striker safety needle.
'7.
DISPOSM.
(a) ~estruot~on.
in (b) situ, the fUze Renderin safe cap and therefore
'ilhen the bomb is

should for be blown handlin. the spindle)
to be destroyed
up with the bomb the brass movement
Secure against
in WQv direction with adhesive tape and pliable wire. If' Special BD Tool No 1 is, used, apply so as to grip both the Cap and fUze body or, if possible, the fUze body immediately below the cap.
(0) Fuze removal.
.(i)
(i1) (1i1)
Perform
(b) above
grub screw securing fUze to the
Remove bomb
Unscrew fuze by means of the remote controlled Fuze Extractor Design III (Aust) if available. Alternative!y, unscrew fuze only removal a partial
turn
with
Special
BD Tool No 5 (spanner)
and complete
or
Stillson Wrench mote control.
by re-
JAPANESE
BO1.m FUZE
-A.3(B)
2.
whtch may be NAVY fitted Airforce a Navy mechanical impaot nose fuze to Type standard gaine or magazine.
3. any of 4.
~rlBS the
IN WHICH USED for A.3(A) para 3. 1
Fuze A.3(B) may be substituted bombB mcntioned in BDTI B/6/15,
COLOUR. Natural BRASS. (See dia~am) with portion assembly :f'uze A.3(A) of fuze is -see body is BIYl'I B/6/15 t" longer longer 28 t.p.1.
more heavily
5.
DESCRIPTIO!!. (a) ComParison (i) (11)' (i11)

(1v)
Upper Arming
correspondingly measures
body is
Striker spindle against 8 t.p.i.)

Lower portion oonstructed of
thread
fUze
(as
(b)
see
O:peratiQB.
BIYl'I Parts and B/6/15, operation para 5. s1m1l~ to fuze A.3(A) -
(0)
Special
The
f'eatur~.
extra length of upper fuze body (i.e. oerin the the
projection beyond nose of' bomb) tends to more tain action from low level bombing especially case of large bombs by reason of the curve of nose piece.
6.
ACTION.
0
Similar
to
fuze
A.3(A)-
see BIYl'I B/6/15,
para
7.
DISPOS~.
(a) (b) Destruction Renderinl{ safe for hand1in-'t
As for fuze A.3(A) see BIYl'I B/6/15,
(0) ~ze removal
para7.
It I
m!. 1.
REFER E.IN C. eDTI
B/6/84
SECTION
+ * 0
Scale in
1
Inches
11
E IN Cf A flI F. BOLm DISPOSAL TECI~TICAL INSTRUCTION.
JAPANESEBO:;tB I.'tJZE -..;'.4(.\)
1. 2.
vrith
JAP:.NESE DESIGrTJ\TION
i
TYPE.
seIeOtive
ARI;IY Airforce
instantaneous or
mechanical imnact nose fuze

delay action. chosen before
fitting 3.
fuze in the bomb. BOMBS iVHICIIUSED. IN

--::c
4.
5.
COLOUR.
DESCRIPTIO~.
Natural BRASS.
(See diagram)
The fuze comDrises (a) fUze body housing the arming and mechanism, delay plugs (b) an extension piece housing and (c) the booster sy~tem. the initiating
(a) Fuze bod.v. 2-bladed armdng vanes {i)

vane boss (2) which is retained
are attached to the

in the fuze body (3)
by t~/O screw pins (4) engaging in a groove around the boss. Threaded to the vane boss and passing throU?h the centre of' the f'uze body 1s an am1ng spindle (5)
to near which the two saf'ety plungers spindle (6) are pivoted when the and move plungers plug
f'raely through two ~tide holes in a plug (7) scre'"ed into the base of' the fuze body. ~\ red setting mark
are withdravnl clear

A striker needle is
end of' the
(i.e.
the fuze is fUlly

to the underside
indicates
armed).
f'ixed
of' the
(7) .
(b) hzeextension This
diameter of' the as fUze
'Piece. is a brass cylinder (9) of' same external

into cap the (10) base is the booster tube body. A floating and screws initiator
held off' the striker

by the plungers (6) creep spring (11).
needle in the unarmed condition

and in the armed condition by the
Belo'.v the initiator

with ture
of f'lash powder. The parts
the head the
cap is a delay plug (12)

screw (13) so
screw blocked
two channels (one f'illed with a pyrotechnic mixand the other open) situated betvleen two layers
A selector are
of' the selector open channel
engages
is turned and the
in
and
regulates
channel.
slot in horizontally
a plug ':rhich has a port matching the open

assembled
is
that
when the
pyrotechnic mixture v..ill burn through giving delay. By turning the screv{ to the vertical position the
flash passes unobstructed through the open channel and port and ignites the bottom layer of' flash powder before the pyrotechnic train has burnt through.
A detonator
tension (c) Booster. piece below
(14) screV1Sinto the end of the exthe delay tube plug. containing a booster (15)
screVTS to the end of the extension piece on
A brass
/&'1
:3NOTE 1.
...g'..ety Fork~ A tr~s1t safety fork (probably ruze body) is withdrawn on loading
6. AI::rION. On release, the vane clockwise by the vanes so raising the drawing the two safety plungers ciear The .fuze is armed after j,O revolutions.
fitting
over the head of the vane boss and into the
into the bombrack.
boss is rotated spindle and withof the guide holes.
On impact,
due to inertia., by the striker curs :overcomes needle.
the
initiator
plug
moves
is
forvrard
pierced then oc-
the creep The follo\'Ting
spring and sequence
(a) The delay

(b)
.flash plug
ignites
or
top
layer
of
flash
powder
in
the
Bottom l~r open channel
of flash powder is pyrotechnic train
ignited via as desired
(0) (d)
Detonator initiated Booster detonated.
7.
DISPOSAL.
(a) in (b) Destruction. situ, the Renderinft
( i)
.fuze safe
When the bomb is shoUld be blo\vn for handling
to be destroyed up with the bomb
J:J:N;DAJiV'.GEDtuzes. Secure the vane boss against ROTARY movement by the best means using adhesive tape. If protruding, the spindle should be gripped with Special BD Tool No 2. Observe precautions as in NOTE 2 below (ii) ~A1~GE~~ze2. In UXBs. however. the vane boss will probably be distorted or perhaps broken off altogether. and conditions obtained as in NOTE 2 oelow. In such cases adopt best means. if possible. of preventing movement of any movable part and observe precautions as in NOTE 2 belovr.
(c)
Fuze removal. ,
(11
(iii
(i
Perform
(b)
(i)
or
(ii) securing
above fUze III to the bomb if
Vlork wi th bomb in HORIZONTALposition

Remove grub screw Extractor
(iv
Unscrew fUze by means of the remote controlled available. only control. with Fuze Design (Aust),
Al ternati Stillson NOTE 2 : -When

striker
vely,
Special
unscrew fuze a partial

BD Tool No 3 (C-spanner)
turn
or
Vifrench and complete safety

needle
removal
by remote the
initiator
the
plungers
has either
are withdrawn,
pierced the
cap or is held
off
it
only by a creep spring.

bomb is dangerous as cap in ANY direction For this reason :Avoid bomb jolting.
In either condition the movement of the initiator may cause detonation.

t a ~ Handle b Avoid bomb VERY transporting
CAREFULLY. a fUzed
A:f'ter extraction"
position until it is
keep fuze
destroyed.
in horizontal
JA PANESE BOMB FUIE TYPE -MECHANICAL IMPACT USE -ARMY AIRFORCE REF"ER BDTI B/6/20
~
ARIIING VANY.s
f;i)
SHQ'eI RD4QVmJ
G)I
SCREW
sm-
~
/
DXLA'f
SPANliER---
ROLlS
0 ~STER ~I roBE .
@-ELEVATION
J. i 0 ). ~
3c!i).e in Inches
~
'-X
@
-c'- SECTION X-X
SHOWING IN SHORT SELECTOR DELAY SCRE!, POSITION
]".:'~;';;-;;:":: r:o.',",". .",
~;!f~t;r
SECTION
/(r
Ir!
~ ---~---'d1
E IN C., AM F.
JAPANESE BOMB B'UZE A.5(A)

2. ~. ARMYAi~force mechanical impact nose fUze incorporated within the nose portion of the 1 Kg smoke signal (see BmI B/5/2).
3.
DESCRIPTION.
(See diagram)
Three transverse bars inside the pos~ portion of the smoke signal support a central colunn which serves as the FUZE BODY. The nose end is closed by a hemispherical ballistic cap of white sheet rubber. A steel STRIKER passes through the centre of the fuze body, and has at one end a mushroom head fitting against the rubber ballistic cap and at the other end a striker needle screwed in.
A brass INITIATOR PLUGscrews into the base of the fUze body and is retained by a SCREWED PLUG.
into the The screwed end of a brass plug and abuts DETONATOR TUBE projects the initiator plug.
Safety devices fitted
are -
(a) A SAFETY PIN, which is inserted through the external wall of the nose portion of the smoke signal and passes through a hole in the fUze body and partly engages in a groove cut on the side of the striker. It is wi'thdrawn on loading into the aircraft. (b) A SPRING-LOADEDPLUNGER, the pin end of which passes through a hole in both fUze body and striker. The plunger is kept depressed (t.e. the pin end retains the striker)until the bomb is released.
(c) A thin SHEAR \nRE which head and striker. After means by which the striker 4. ACTION. On release from loaded pr~r is no longer held is ejected clear of the striker. striker initiator. passes through release, this is held. is the fUze the only
the aircraft the springdepressed and the pin end f:oroes the and pieroing
On impact... the mushroom-head inwards, shearing the shear vvire
the
5.
DISPOSAL.
(a) Destruction (b) Precautions when handling ) ) See BDTI B/5/2 para 8
(0) Renderin~tuze 6g~. Using best jud~ent and discretion according to condition in which banb is f:ound, aim to secure striker against vertica1 and rotary movement by means of: adhesive tape.
...L,
1.
TYPE -MECHANICAL
USE -ARMY AIRFORCE
IMPACT
REF"ER
E IN C
B.D.T.I B/6j/86
SECTION
ELEVATION
RUBBR CAP RMOVO ~

1 . 0 1 2
5.81e in Inohe.
--- -.-@
~
SECTION
1_9
Scale in
A-A
1
Inches
JAPANESE BOl.m FUZE -B.l(A)
2.
includes
Type 98 Tail
Bomb Fuze.
TYPJ:1; .
AlUiff Airforce mechanical booster components. impact tail fUze which
3.
BOMBS IN v-ffilCH USEP. 30 Kg Type 99 G.P. 50 Kg Type 94 G.P. 100 Kg Type 94 G.P.
~
Army Airforce
bombs
4.
5.
COLOUR.
Natural DESCRIPTION. BRASS. (See diagram)
The fUze body (6) is turned in the one piece. A shaped adaptor (10) screws into its base.
threaded to The upper end of the striker spindle take the vane boss (1) to which are (4) is attached
four-bladed arming vanes (2). The boss is prevented binding on the fUze head by studs, one on each part.
from
The striker spindle (4) is restrained f'I'on rotary movement by a guide pin (3) engaging in a keyway cut in the fUze body. A splayed-pointed striker pin (9) screws into the base of the spindle. A steel creep spring (8) and a shear ;vire (5) restrains the striker s~indle fram inward movement whilst the fuze is in an armed-condition.
plug (11), fits A striker guide respectively plug, screwed throu{Sh and into against en initiator the per-
forated
tion
forming contains
septum in the adaptor

screwed
A booster an extension a ring and
(10),
the
both are held

base of' the
in posiadaptor.
by a detonator
into
tube (17) screws on to the adaptor of the lower fuze body. The tube a solid booster pellet of powdered
pic-
ric
acid
wrapped in '"axed paper. A transit safety fork fits over the vane boss the fUze body. This is withdrawn on loading into
and into
the
banb rack.
6.
ACTIO!!.
of the boss falls off the the vanes, though the as the travel between cap is only 4 m.m. spindle fuze is the striker
On release, after 12~ revolutions armed after 6 revolutions pin and the initiator
inertia, spring booster
On i~act, the spindle moves inwards shearing the safety wire, overcanes the and the striker pin I>ieroes the initiator is finally detonated by the detonator.
due to creep caI>.
The
'Cpo
1.
7.
DISPOSAL.
(a) Destruction. in~CBitu',the-fUze
(b) Renderin~ sat'e against movement
When the bomb is to be destroyed should be blown up with the bomb

t'or handl1n~. in ANY direction Secure the spindle with adhesive
tape and thin

may be spindle head. applied it' it
pliable
wire.
Special
BD Tool No 2
to prevent projects t"
inward movement ot'the or more beyond the fUze
(c) Fuze removal. (i) (il)

(111)
Pert'orm
(b) above ~ze to the bomb
Remove grub screw securing
Unscrew fUze by means ot' the remote controlled Fuze Extractor ~.ign III (Aust), it' available
Alternatively unscrew fUze a partial turn only with a-spanner or Stillson Vlre~ch and complete removal by remote control
(lv) Destroy ponents without separating the fuze com-
nm
: -If
for any reason dismantl.;J.ng is necessary (or as
an added precaution before-handling) the :f'uze should first be treated with an approved explosive neutralizer (see BrYl'I B/l0/93, para 14) injected
pin has pierced
down the keyway, should it

and is
held
appear that t he striker

in the initiator cap.
E IN C., A AIP. BOMBDISPOSAJ.. TECHNICALINSTRUCTION.

JAPANESE BOMB FUZE -B.l(B)
2.
which
~.
includes ARMY Airforce mechanical special components for impact short tail fuze delay action.
3.
BOMBIN \'/HICHUSED. ~ --50 l.g Type 94 G.P~ bomb. -Army type.
4.
COLOUR. Natural BRASS.
5.
DESCRIPl'ION.
(See diagram)
Fuze B.l(B) closely by a vertical face resembles below the
In the fuze B.l(A) but is conical fuze head.
bomb, larger
parts
bloCk
Fuze B.l(B)
consists
(4).
This houses a stril~er
end. projecting
(a) Upper fU~QSLdy

t3) which
has
a ttu'eaded
ttu'ou~h
the top of the fUze body to take a vane

Two aIlti-binding and fUze head, studs (2) are fitted one on each part.
boss (1). to the boss
Four-bladed arming vanes are attached to the boss. A guide pin (12) engages in a keyway (13) cut do"ffla one side of the striker block so limiting the block
to vertical screwed to movement the base only. of the A striker block needle is
A steel
creep
spring
(8)
holds
the
striker
needle
off
the
initiator
safety
cap when the fUze is

fork fits over the
in the armed
boss and into
condition A transit
the fuze body. the bomb rack.

(b) Lower
(14). (7) and
This
is
withdrawn
This sorews
on loading
into the
into
upper
fUze
boQV (5).
fuze body and is

A delay a spring
secured
train steel
thereto
by a grub screw The depin (22)
ring (6) seats on the collar washer (15) is inserted
between the ring

lay ring (6) is
and the upper fuze body.

positioned by a locating
thus bringing drilled both

the other end flash channel
An initiator
into alignment the flash channel (10) through the ring and the fUze body, and
of the delay (11) leading
cap two are plug (9)
train over the slo~~~ to the relay plug (16)

screws its into The top the side with septum walls four
between the of this plug flash ports.
internal perforated
cavities. near
black powder screwed above 1t, screws into the base

of the fuze.
/7,
A detonator
(18),
with
a plug
(16)
containing
1.
-2 (0) Boostergssemb~y. to the lower f'uze booster explosive. and a solid pellet A hollow tube (17) screws on bOdy as a container for the The latter consists of a ring of powdered picric acid each
wrapped in waxed paper.
6.
vanes striker
ACTION.
On release, the vane boss is rotated by the until it falls off the threaded projection of the block. The fuze is armed, however, after 8 re-volutions.
On impact, the striker block moves inward due to inertia overcoming the creep spring, and the striker needle pierces the initiator cap. The flash produced escapes sideways through the ports in th~ initiator cap, travels through the horizontal flash channel and ignites one end of the pyrotechnic delay train. When this burns to its extreme end, the flash travels down the relay channel, ignites the black powder relay and the detonator is initiat,ed. ..
'7.
DISPOSAL. (a) Destruction. When the bomb is to be destroyed
in
situ,
the fuze
should be destroyed If
with
the banb
(b) Rendering
safe forh~dltn~.
the threaded
end of the striker block is projecting beyond the top of the fuze, secure it against movement in ANY direction with adhesive tape and thin pliable wire.
Special
BD Tool No 2 may be applied

end if
to prevent
1t projects
int"
ward movement of the threaded or more beyond the fuze head. (c) Fuze removal. (i) (11)
(ill)
Perform
(b)
above gi"Ub screw securing fuze in the
Remove the bomb
Unscrew fuze by means of the remote controlled Fuze Extractor Design III (Aust), if available
Alternatively,
only plete NOTE 1.
unscrew fuze
Stillson control.
a partial
Wrench
turn
and com-
with a-spanner or removal by remote
If dismantling of fuze is neoessa~y, the booster tube, picric pellets and detonator can be safely removed, but the initiator cap should NOT be unsorewed until it has been treated with an approved explosive neutralizer (see BDTI B/10/93. para 14) should it appear that the striker needle has pie~ced and is held in the initiator cap.
TYPE -MECHANICAL IMPACT USE. ARMY AIRFORCE
REFER 8.D.1:1 8/7/105
/1;
E m G.. AM F.
BO1,ffi DISPOSAL 'r:EOHNI GAL INSTRUC7rI ON .
JAPANESE BO~IB FUZE -B.2(A)
2.
~.
impact tail fuze to and specially dea base plate and ac-
NAVY Airforce mechanical which a s~andard gaine can be fitted, signed far fitting to a bomb having cess doors in its tail cone.
3.
BaIlIE D'1\VHICH USED. 250 Kg Type 99 , S.A.P. bomb. -Navy type
4.
(a)
QOLOU~.
~ecognition
Outside tail BRASS arming Inside tail parts CADr~IIU1i!
and GALVANISED adaptor locking STEEL painted ring, vanes, BLACK. other
cone. barrel cone. PLATED.
(b)
BRASS
5.
separate
PE,SCRI?l'ION.
Fuze parts B.2(A)
(See diagram)
assembly consists of'the f'ollowing
(a) Tail
arm1n~ assembl~.
A shaped adaptor (1) is ~lelded to the apex of' the tail cone to house an arming barrel (5) secured by t\'IO screl'.. pins (6). A short arming shaft (3) passes through the barrel. Six-bladed a~g vanes are f'i tted at the upper end; the middle portion is left-hand threaded f'or screwing into the barrel (5); the slotted lov,er end f'i ts into and engages-over a pin through the central rod (7).
tail the A detachable central rod cone to connect the tail fuze proper in a similar (7) passes through anning assembly manner. the with
(b)
the in all
Fuze "prope.
The fuze body .(8) screws into the base plate of' bomb. A loCking ring (14) ensures a tight f'it the bomb after adjustment has been made to suit parts during assembling.
A short arm~n~ spindle (9) passes through the retaining collar {10) and is screwed left-hand thread through a saf'ety collar (11) and into the inertia block (12). The retaining collar is secured by a set screw through the fuze body, and both the safety collar and the inertia block are prevented f'rom rotating by steel pins engaging in a keY\'lay in each pert as shown.
177 1.
-2 A steel creep spring (13) l'estziains inward movement of the inertia armed condition. weight whilst the fUze is in an Two transit safety forks, one through the arming assembly outsi'de the tail cone and the other through the retaining collar of the fuze proper, are both wi thdrawn on loading into the bomb rack.
6.
ACTION.
On release, the aming vanes rotate, turning and raising the arming shaft which transf'ers the motions to the arming spindle per medium of' the central rod. Owing to the respective lengths of' the shaft and the spindle, the shaft does not completely unsorew from the arming barrel until after the spindle has' been completely unsorewed from the inertia block. The fuze is then in an armed condition
On impact, ~he the creep spring, in the gaine. inertia and block moves inwards striker needle pierces
overcoming the initiator
the
7.
PISPQSAL.
(a) (b) Destruction. situ, the fuze Re.nderi.n~saf'e (i) J:ft_he~~il
often short be the arming
When the bomb is to be destroyed should be blown up \'l1th the bomb f'or
case, spindle
in
handlin~. is
and is
cone
m!~sins,
it can missing be
as will
seen from
most
that the the fuze,
it should be assumed that the striker needle has pierced and is held in the initiator cap. In this condition the bomb is dangerous and, BEFORE handling, the fuze should be treated with the explosive neutralizer or the solidifying mixture method (see BDTI B/10/93, para 14, and BDTI E/22/118 respectively).
(ii) If' bomb is com"Dlete aming assembly wiIl with t ail be either cone, present the or t,ail missing
If' the 1;ail aming assembly is present, it is probable that the arming spindle has NOT completely unscrewed from the inertia block. Bef'ore examining the fuze proper through the cone access doors secure with adhesive tape and/or thin pliable wire all movable parts against rotation. As an added precaution the fuze proper mgy then be dealt with through the access doors
by securing the arming spindle against'rotation with adhesive tape BEFORE dismantling the arming assembly and detaching the central tail rod.
If', the striker block guide may sometimes be advisable ject an explosive neutralizer into the fuze cavity. If' the tail arming
pin is accessible, it to remove it and inthrough-the hole is missing the

desf'or
assembly
fuze will no doubt be in the condition as cribed in ~"i) above and the method adopted treating the fuze will have to be applied
through the access doors.
-3
(c) Fuze remov~l.

(i)
(ii)
After performing (b) (i) or (ii) above, tail cone should be separated if' present
UnSCre\1 locking ring fUze bo~ with Special spanner)
the
whilst holding ma1n BD Tool No 4 llarge C-
(i11) Unscrew main fuze body by means of' the remote controlled Fuze Extractor Des1gn III
(Aust), if ava1lable
Al ternati vely, unscrew fUze a part~al turn VIi th the hand, or tool if' necessary, and canplete removal by remote control.
171
TYPE USE
-MECHANICAL -NAVY AIRFORCE
IMPACT
REFER E IN C BDTI
B{7/67
0~
S~UARE END 0r SHAn'SAF~ FOIOC-j (Rsnoyed
to show
ARIIING
VANES
(6BL\)
/'
slot)
LDT
HAND
(i)--
-.}
STDL PIN A' DIA
1" ..TAIL CONE OJ' OO)IB
if
BRASS CROSS pm \.
20~I LDTHAND,
~=
aRFACE
FORK
ExTERNAL'"
\
STEEL ~ BODY "" dia. FLUSH,

'Illi tODY SET SCREW
~
--0
'" '@
NEEDLE
~
16' T.P.L
Dia'.~ ~.I~
3!I' Dia.
ELEVATION
..
1.
,
SECTION
0 Scale in 1 In(i1ee
2 ,
.--~
EINc.,Ar,1F.
BOI,m DISPOSAL TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION.
JAPANESE BOMB FUZE -D.2(B)
JAPANESEDESIGNATION. Type 99, No 3 (probably Mk II) Bomb Fuze.
2. 3.
tl.
5.
(described detailed
~.
NAVY Airforce cloc~vork air-burst tail fuze.
BOMBS IN WHICH USED
250 Kg Incendiary 32 Kg "
bomb -see "-""
BDTI B/4/99 B/4/111
COLOUR.
WHITE METAL (cadmium-plated DESCRIPTIQN. (See drawings)
identical in all with respects fUze D.2(A) except those
brass).
Fuze D.2(B) is in BDTI B/9/98) as under :-
(a) Colour -~1h1 te metal colour. (Fuze is made of brass same as D.2(A) but is cadmium plated.) (b) Shape of Arminll Vanes -Blades of arming vanes are narrower than those of D.2(A). Compare the
diagrams.
(0) t~~~s~~~~n~_s~a~~ -The range 0 to 20 secs in ~-sec graduations (d) Clockwork Mechanism -There is stop as against-2-in---the D.2(A). in this fUze is from 5 to 20. only one pallet
in of lieu dif-
(e) Retaininll_go!l~ of spanner flats, ferent form. (f) BodY tool. Casinll -has
-has 2 spanner holes and friction spring is
2 blind
holes
for
time-setting
(g) Se~tinll Piece bar in lieu of
-has 1.
2 blind
holes
for
capstan
6.
ACTIO~. As for fUze D.2(A) -(refer BDT~ B/9/98).
'7 ..DISPOSAL.
As for NOTE 1 : -This
f'uze D.2(A). fUze is apparently a predecessor
D.2(A) but a modification
of D.2(C).
to
~z..r
1.
TYPE- CLOCKWORK AIR-BURST USE -_~AVY AIRFORCE
REFER E IN C B. D.T I. B/9/113
~:EXTElmAL &!RI'ACm OF THIS FUZE ARE CADIIIUIdPLATE!>. FOR DETAn. OF CLOCKWOIIJt I4ECHANISII Am Lmnm SEE B.D.T.I. ~--B/9/98. -,~, ~-I
E IN 0., AM F.
001.m DISPOSAL TECHNI CAT..INSTRUmIQN.
I8SUED
20 DEC 43
JAPANESE BO~m FUZE -D.2(
C)
JAPANESE DESIGNATIOn.
Type Test MOdel99, No 3 (probably folk I) bomb fuze, 14
~.
NAVY Air~orce clockwork air-burst tail fUze.
3.
4.
5.
(described detailed
BOMBS IN WHICH USED
250 Kg Incendiary
32 Kg"
bomb -see
"
-"
Bm'I B/4/99
"B/4/111
COL!!E.
\~TE METAL (cadmium-plated (See diagram)
identical in all with respects fuze D.2(B) except those
brass).
DESCRIPrION.
in as
Fuze D.2(C) is BDTI B/9/113) under :-
(a) Setting
(b)
Spindle holes
-is
-has for
no shoulder time-setting
with
above fuze tool

flats
body
in
lieu
of
BoQvCasina
of blind
provided
2 spanner
(c)
Reta1nin~_C~li~~ spanner holes, form.
-has also
2 spanner notches friction spring is
in of
lieu dif-
ferent
(d)
~1me-settinrz tions from oto
Graduations 20.
-are
in
l-sec
gradua-
(e) BQ!Q -is (f) Actuator

fuze. one. this with
of dif'.t'erent -This
shape not incorporated in
component is Ape~!ur~ -This
(g) C!ock-windinrz (h) Striker
.t'uze is NOT provided to a small

(6) in fuze
S~~ety Catch -is

whereas it abuts
connected
component
sprint?,' wire, D.2(B).
6.
'7
ACT!Q!!.
As for .t'uze D.2(A) -see BDT! B/9/98...DISPOSAL.
As for
.t'uze D.2(A).
NOTE 1 .-This
..t'uze
fuze is
D.2(B).
apparently
the predecessor
to
ZZ7
2. 1.
FUZETYPE -CLOCKWORK USE -NAVY AIR -BURST AIRFORCE
REFER E IN C
B. D.1: I. B/9/120
/AlalniG
VAN~
(C)
SAFElY
WIRE
HOLE (E)
.;.
---BPANNrJt
nAT
SCALE
-GRADUATm
0 -20
1
.. ...
~
SPANlIU NOTal
~
...
~ ~
~ '"
j 11-1AI n_~~~ T.P.I: 1a"_._T~~ 1-1-1 11"O.;i.18 ~ I -Ir

ELEVATION
1,tit9
Scale in
SPRING WIRE
1
Inctlee
2
,ROTOR (3)
"
'"
~6'/
PLAN Of
BOTTOM PLATE
CLOCKWORK MECHANISM
SJRl'Acm
S'mIKDI SAnrY CATaI
PLAN OF TOP PLATE CLOCKWORK MECHANISM
!i2m 'EX!r~Al. OF THIS lUZE AR!'. CADMIUM PLATED. AIID LEaD SKI B.D.T.I. B/9/~ FOR DErAIL OF CLOCKWORK Ja.cH.\NI~
11
Em C., AMP.
BOMB DISPOSAL
TECHNICAL mSTRUCTION.
ISSUED
20 DEC 43
JAPANESE PARACHUTE FLARE FUZE- -D.3(A)
~~ANESEDESIGNATIQ~.
~.
3. BOMBS WHICH IN UE~.
Aircraft Parachute Flare Container -Navy type
(see BJJl'I B/5/106).
4.
5.
COLOUR. -.
Natural BRASS.
DESCRIPTIO~. (See diagram)

The fUze assembly comprises 3 portions t/hich
screw together.
(a) ~h:_J;~:::~r_~e body and engaging
bo4:~ houses. the arming mechanism.

to rotary holes in movement by the fUze
The AR1!ING BUSH is restricted 2 LOill{ING PINS inserted.through
in a groove around the arming
bush
The ARfvrING VANES screw on to the upper end of the arming bush and secured by a LOCK NUT. A ballbearing thrust race beneath prevents their binding
with the fuze head
2.z,
1.
~ 2.
-2
6.
ACTION.
On release of the flare container the arming bush is rotated clockwise by the vanes so causing the sleeve to move inwards until the 3 steel balls, under pressure of the spring-loaded striker, move away from the
striker into the recessed portion lower down in the fUze body. The striker, when freed, is driven inward under action of its O\'nl springs, the initiator cap is pierced,
and the several constituents
charge is to finally
in the delay
~lare
container
candles rrom
are
the
ignited
flare
in turn.
A container propel the initiated.
7.
DISPOSAL.
(For flare which has failed to function. This may be discerned by inspeotion through the rear end of the flare container.)
(a) Renderin~ safe for handlina. Seoure the vane loc1Cfn-g nut, threaded end of -arming bush and vanes (if still attached) against rotary movement with adhesive tape and/or thin pliable wire in the event that rotation of the arming bush in the air has been insufficient to release the striker (b) Fuze removal. sorew fuze using Loosen fuze locking a Stillson \7rench. reason soak in . the fuze kerosene ring and un-
NOTE 1 :-
If for any special dismantled, first least 2 hours.
is to be for at
JAPANESE
PARACHUTE FLARE FUlE

TYPE USE -MECHANICAL -NAVY AIR BURST AIRFORCE
REFER
E IN C
B. D. T I
6/9/103
~~-@
AHIIING
VANFB NOT ~OWN
~-@
~
RECESS FOR SAn.TY FORK ~
--@
--@
~
~
~I
LDT !WiD mBAD -
~
-:::::!-@
L
ELEVATION
(i)-
@'~ A-
@
@J'
A(i&\ ~
.--@
-@
1 .0 -
~Y
TRA.IB--
(ASSUMD) )
&
Scalein Inch..
JfY
2
SECTION
to. TO ELEVATION
-0
SECTION
1
A A
t t i 0 Bcale -1 in Inche. ~
LEGEND
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. B. 10. 11.
21/
RETUNINGSCREW LOQ{ NUT 'lmIUST~CE SPRING LOADmJ PIJI 4R11ING BUSH STOPsrore (2)
SLUVI
7 .ARJillIG
SmIKm SPRIJIGS (2) F\J~ LOQ{IJIG RING STDL ~ (3)
Q. TRncm
la. SCRD GUIDI PINS (2) 13. INlTUroR CAP 1.. GASmCAPE 15. UPPm FuZXBODY 16. Lowm FU7ZBODY 17. GROOVE LOCXIllGPIlI FOR 18 .B~ mCAPI RlClSS 1W. LO<XIlIGPIlI 20. DILA.Y OOIlTADImi 21. !'LA.1ii pown12 PILLEr (ASSJIm>t
I[
~ ~
E in C., A MF.
BOMB DISPOSAL TECHNI CAL INSTRUCTION.
ISSUED
FUZE -D.4(A)
20 DEC 43
JAPANESE
BOMB CANISTER
(PI'oY1s1onal) JAPANESE DESIGNATI-9l!.
2.
O. flying.
~.
-~
HOlIl USED.
As nose fUze 1ri bomb canister Suitable ruze for releaae described 1ri at low level
BDTI B/5/13.
4. 5.
COLOUR. --BRASS (natural).
~~scgIPl'I~~.
(a) ~e~ ~~s
(See diagram)
Actual arming
The fUze ~onsists known but it

~OQ~.
parts: of a
is not in
is
assumed that
it
consists
assembly
spindle threads secured

tached. vanes Two p~onged which
fitting to the in the head of in a vane boss

must holes The fUze rotate in the head clockwise fUze
striker cup, then engages the fuze and is finally which has arming vanes atis threaded to raise are so that the the spindle. for ppong or a 3-
head
probably
transit would rit
sarety into
fork, the vane
the third boss.
The threaded hole in the side of the 1"I1ze head is probably for a safety screw to engage in the s~indle
2.11
1.
-2 -
6.
ACTION.
On release of the container from the aircraft the arming vanes and boss rotate and raise the spindle. Due to pressure of the spring, the steel retaining ball will be forced into the striker cup cavity as soon as the end of the spindle clears it. The striker cup is now free to move and is driven inwards by the compressed spring. The striker needle pieroes the initiator cap and the delay train is finally ignited.
7.
DISPOSAL.
the complete fuze should is disturbed (see NOTE 1) as follows :-
Whenever possible, be removed BEFORE the container Suggested method of removal is
(a) Loosen locking Wrench
ring
with
a-spanner
or Stillson a-spanner by remote
(b) Unscrew fuze only a partial turn with or Stillson Wrenoh and complete removal control.
NOTE 1 :Canisters release collapse
which have failed to separate and the bombs in the air will probably on impact and the heavy nose, if
still
tainer.
attached,
The
may be driven
condition of the
into
the coninside
bombs
may not be lmO\'ffi.
E IN C .,
AM F.
BOMB DISPOSAL
TECHNICALINSTRUCTION.
GAINES,
BOOSTER SYSTEMS -JAPANESE
Boms
LA)
-EXPLANATO~
1.
DETONATING SYSTEMS.
detonating a burster the sequence set out
The JAPANES~ systems for charge generally follow in principle in BDTI D/20/27, para 4. 2. TWO SYSTEMSIN US_~.
Two distinct of NAVY and AR}~ design features are -
systems have been identified respectively. Distinguishing
as
(a) Na Desi -known as a "STANDARDGAINE" employs a standard type container to house ALL eX:{) osive constituents of a fUze (but see NOTE 2 below). The
container of the is fuze screwed hand tight into the main body
(b) wh dividUally
-kno,m as a "BOOSTERASSEMBLY" in ts of the sys em screw or fit into the main body Of the fuze
NOTE 1 : -Hence in 2 (a) above, unscrewing of the Standard gaine separates all explosives fran the
striker mechanism, components must be diszmntling fuze. NOTE 2 : -~;x~~~!on initiator but in removed 2 (b) the individually various when
-D.2 &erial in the fuze
fuzes body.
incorporate
an
3.
YARIATIONS WI~HIN THE SYSTEl1lS.
The 'unctions of components employed in both systems are identical though the number and design of canponsnts usecf are varied to suit the purpose for ",-hich a particular bomb is intended. Such variation is mainly concerned with the time lag desired between initiation of the initiator and detonation of burster charge. TABLE 1 shows the relation between TIME: LAG and PURPOSE BOAm. OF (B) 4. TAB
herein -
-USE
OF TABT..ES AND DIAGR~ consti tute a ready

and Component are summarised and
means for Parts. Particulars contained canpiled in the following fonn
(a) TABLE 1 -Relation Banb (0) TABLE 3 -Types their components (d) TABLE 4 -Types their components
between Tim
Lag and Purpose of

Plugs in Use,
(b) TABLE 2 -Types of, Standard and their 'unctions
Gaine
of Standard of Booster
Gaines
in Use,
and
Assemblies
in Use and
Z-'7
-2 -
5.
~ESIGNATION OF TYPE sYSTEMSAND COMPONENT PART.

(a) For nated convenience, by SER NOS. these are Japanese temporarily designations desigare also
given where (b) For clarity,
la1O'Nn and to simplify classification-
(1) A KEY or common SER NO is given to each particular Standard Gaine or Booster Assembly and its component parts (ii) This SER NO denotes the purpose of use of the bomb and is derived from TABLE 1.
(c) Examples:
(i) '!Standard
the burst (ii) tetryl
Gaine Detonator
filled detonator
SER 1" refers

of a Standard
to
Gaine used in a Navy f'uze to obtain
a surface
"Booster Assembly Detonator SER 4" refers to the detonator used in the Booster Assembly of .Army f'uzes such as A.2(A), A.2(C) or A.4(A),
in a bomb where choice

action (iii) and fi'actional Gaine of it will "Standard tional From the delay above
between instantaneous
delay is refers desired to a complete
SER 3a" 0.014 be
Gaine used in a Navy Fuze to obtain

secs.6. seen that
a fi'acare com-
Tables
plementary,
standardise
and if
a quick
read
inter-alia
with
relevant
FIGS
means of
identification.
(cl7. f'uzes, The viz
liAVY
Standard -
srANDARDGAINES
Gaines are
-DESCRIPl'ION
units (see
self-contained
para 2 (a)
above) and are interchangeable

B.2 A.1
with
A.6(A).
all
NAVY
jA j
A
',
B.2 A.3
A B
j
.
, '
B.3(A). A.3(B),
0.1
D.2 A , D.2 B , D.2(0).

Type
these Standard
,0.2
NOTE
: -Navy
of type
Cluster
may employ Gaine
bom1:s
a (e.g.
are
small 1
excepted.
edition Kg H.E. of banb).
Some
SER 1
8.
(a)
Canponent
parts
are
as
follows-
CONTAINER, N~~3ay-Iacquered
of
tinned a
high greenish
strength yellow,
brass which
(see -
(1)
externallY having para 7 a (see standard
1s
of
standard male thread It has
shape to a fit painted
and
size, fUzes or of
FIG
I).
plain lay
tip, period
the of
colour the
denoting particular
the gaine
slight (see
deTABLE
3)
(ii) date TABLES internallY the 1, desired 2 and 3 the design combination and FIG III) is varied of plugs to acconnno(see
NOTE3a
: -An is
exception made of steel.
is
the
blue
tipped
Gaine
which
-3 (b) ~ (see FIG III) of tinned high strength brass which contain the explosive constituents leading up to detonation of the booster. These are located in the container in order from the top as follows:(i ~ Initiators (ii Delay Trains (iii Detonators
~sorewea
..Slip
in and staked) fit) Screwed in, or slip fit) and fUnctions

consists of a PICRIC ACID, end fits flush other end is tip.
TABLE 2 lists explosive constituents of various types of Plugs.

(c) BOOSTER PELLET (see FIG II). This cylIndrical plug of pressed powdered covered with waxed paper. The flat with the underside of detonator, the rounded for a snug fit in the container
Lengths vary with type of gaine, weights ranging from 27 gms to about 36 goos. Stuck unsymmetrically on the rounded end may be a small piece of cotton fabric about t-in diEm red or \vhite in colour. 9. Gaine TABLE 3 and FIG III lists recorded up to DEC 43. and illustrates type of
DESCRIPTION
components are
-ARJ,!':[ BOO
ES -
J.O.
brass
COMPONENTS.
The various and ccxnprise constructed of
(a) Initiator, a cylindrical shaped copper cap containing a detonant and flash poY/der. The cap usually fits into a plug which is positioned within the main fuze body immediately beneath striker point (b) Delay Train Plu~ (when used) which contains flash powder and the pyrotechnic delay composition It is usually cylindrical in sha~ and is normally positioned beneath the initiator (see NOTE 4(b) below) (c) Detonator, of tubular shape and varying length. It has a male thread for screwing into fuze body and is positioned beneath (a) or (b) according to whether induced delay is incorporated or not. It is screwed hand tight, but is securely stake~. Consti tuents are normally (i) (ii) Gunpo\'!der to build up flash Either Lead Azide (immediately beneath the gunpowder) and Oyclonite, OR Mercury Fulminate and Tetryl.
(d)
Picric Acid booster pellets, oonsisting of a long soTfaiCylindrrcarpellet of pressed powdered Picrio Acid, and a short ring pellet of the same explosive into which the detonator fits. The booster may be incorporated either in the f'uze or the bursting charge (i) In some fuzes the booster pellets are contained in a brass tube having a female thread whtch screws on to the f'uze body. This is normally hand tight
1."
-4
(11) Booster pellets which are NOT enclosed in a brass tube, slide into a pocket formed in the bursting charge. When the fuze is screwed into the bomb, the detonator fits into the short upper pellet as before. Conversely, on removal of fUze, the picric pellets do NOT withdraw but must be eased out separately.
NOTE 4 .(a) Fuze booster
(b) ring Fuze is
C.3(A)
has
a large
an
d1am brass
cu1>-shaped
B.l(B) is incor1>orated
exce1>tion. in fuze
body
A delay train and receives
flash
(c)
from initiator
horizontally
booster in the solid cylindrical fo~
Fuze B.5(A) has a cyclonite of a ring ~llet and a short
1>ellet
which are both contained
in the bomb.
COMPLETE ASSEMBLIES.
See TABLE 4 for

(a) a1>1>ro1>riate
lists -
SER NOS which
(i (ii (iii (b)
all 1>resent known Booster Assemblies com1>onent 1>arts fUzes in which incor1>orated BIYl'Is in which the 1>articular Booster
relevant
DRAWINGS.
(E)-
Assembly and its
Fuze are illustrated
by SCALE
REMOVAL AND DISMANrLING OF GAINES AND BOOSTER ASSEMBLIES
12.
CAUTION.
~fhen dealing with fUzed bombs that have point
opening likelihood caps must the Initiator. the edges of of striker :points being always be-b6i'ne~iiifna.-
failed to explode the embedded in Initiator is moved relative to
Ari-expIosfonfs-arways-a-possibility or gentle withdrawal may grind

of the explosive against and so cause initiation.
when a striker
Even slow
rotation
or crush flaked
the pierced
particles
13.
PROCEDURE.
(a) When the banb is to be destroyed in situ, the
fUze should be blown up with (b) When it

plete except (e.g.
the bomb a bomb, the

intact fuze
is neoessa~
to defuze
be for
com-
fUze assembly should as may be laid down Serial C fuzes)
destroyed a particular
(0)
When it
is
neoessary
to
strip
a fUze
for
any
cercap,
special
oonstantly tain that procedure
reason,
the warning
in para 12 must be
Unless absolutely clear of initiator -
borne in mind. striker point is will be as follows
NO attempt
Gaines, point
(i) as
should
interfere
be made to remove Standard

with unless any part of a fuze
or
to
so as to cause relative
and initiator,
a neutralizing described
movement betvleen striker

been injected
in
agent has first para 14 or-
(ii)
dismantling of parts done by remote control.
dangerous
to
move is
11.
-5 14. INJECTION OF NEUTRALIZING AGENT. (a) KEROSENE has a deadening

compositions, (b) It can be provided injected Luting or
effect
can,
on in1 tiator
can be and if ensured access
saturation by an oil suitable with
can be facilitated by careful removal of a screw, or other fuze component safe to move, this should
be done. plastic kerosene. SER 6) material
should
the (ref fuze
be used to
being filled
stop leaks
para 4,
and ensure
voids
Similarly
in
a leak-proof
method o~ injection
may be improvised
BDTI E/22/27,
(c) After treating T\VOHOURSshould

ceeds. practicable This up
as in (b), a periOd of AT LEAST elapse before dismantling probe if extended possible wherever
period should to 24 hours
(d) WARNING: -Although

garded as foolproof. as to penetration of same sensitive the circumstances.
saturated
initiator
composia re-
tions have been successfully hacltsaw, neutralization must
sectioned with by NO means be
Apart from of the kerosene, compositions is Hence observe
the uncertainty the behaviour not reliable in strict caution
and p:uard a~ainst 15.

SYSTEM&.
careies~!1es~.
mSPECTION OF COMPONENTS DISMANTLEDFUZING OF Before destroying

with they cotton be route detailed should wool
these
should
always be exissued. with a material If referand
amined and compared any appear to differ ence tag, packed in
information be labelled or other soft AND a copy of despatch
despatched
tion. separately
through
will
Engineer
channels
to E in 0 for
examina-
A report (adding
enclosed, and means
forwarded of specimen)
Al\'/ays state size and type of bomb and fuze covered, also place and date of dropping. ~ : -Strippin~ Improvised
threaded screwed picric
from which re-
ot: Standard 2-~in tools

(initiator tight. pellet plugs in very booster
Gaines: are required to remove

is staked) which are Slip-fit plugs and no~ally slide out easily.
Lilt
-6 TABLE 1 -TIME LAG AND PURPOSE OF BO1,m
BERNO
to detonatinS'
(Key
TIME LAG OF
PURPOSE A(,'TION Aohieves "sur-
OF
BOLm
system)
1
DETONATING SYSTEM
[Minimum time lag
OBJECT
I
possible
of fUll
detonatin;{!
by use
faoe burst"
little or no
with
Blast and i'ragrrentation
.1nit1ator cap Referred to as

'Improved
(only Instan-taneous") small
~netration
; danlage
forms and shal-
loworater)
2
aot1onal time lag inherent with f"lash type in1tia tor cap used (Referred to as
Permits penetration
limited
and :trag.
et'f'ects
(a) Less blast

than
"Ordinary In-
stantaneous")
3
SER 1 (b) Demolition o:t light constl9Uctions.
a and
(a, b,
d)
vidual
!see
sea (For
TABLE
layS -Less
fractional values
3)
than penetration 1nSER 2

!
Permits
more than
(a) Crate ring damage
(b) Demolish structures more than 1 storey (o) Underground installations (d) Shipping
-Ranges from timelag

of SER 2 to short delays ofup to 1.5 seas
and 3 -
As in
SERS 2
and 3 -.
As :for SERs 2
(according to time setting)
\ according to time setting)
3hort delays : about 9 seas)
Action delayed, e.g. to allow low-flying air-I craft to get
Aa f'or
SERa 1,
2 and 3 (b) and!
(d)
clear
NOTE 5 : -Long fitted
Dela.v Fuzes and some Aeri~ With SERs 1 or 2 Detonating
Bur~t fuzes Systems.
are In-
duced delays are obviously NOTneeded.
Selective IInduced
-7 TABLE 2 -PLUGS GAINES CONTAINED IN STANDARD -(NAVY) -~-
(REFER TO FIGS III
and IV)
SER
NO
VIDE
,TABLE 1
EXPLOSIVE CONSTITUENTS
FUNCTION
(a)
INITIATOR
CAPS
(b)
-DELAY
TRAINS
(0)
-DmONATORS
NOTE~: -Up
3.111
to date,
all
above have had right-hand
threads
-8 TABLE 3 -TYPES OF STANDARD GAINES -(NAVY)

(REFER TO FIG IV) i SER NO I
T A:RLR 1 EXPLOSIVE JAPANESE COLOmt
vide 1
Vide
COMPONENrS
TABLE 2 Cap Ser 1
(Translations)
DESIGNATIONS
TIP
OF
Initiator
I "Type 92 Land Use Bomb Fuze Improvement 2. Fuze cap explosive M26"
None
Initiator
Cap se~
" Ty pe 96
II
None
3(a)
Detonator Ser 2 Piorio Booster Initiator Cap Ser Delay

I Detonator P1orio
"Temporary
nWM Type
Brown
Train
Ser Booster
ser3?a~
3
99 Ordinary Special Bomb Fuze C. Fuze cap explosive M26"
Initiator
Cap Ser
3
3(b)
Delay
train
Ser
3 (b)
explosive
"'rY:pe 97 Land Use Bomb Fuze B. Fuze cap
Red
M60"
Detonator
3(0)
I
Picric Booster Initiator Cap Ser 3

Delay Train se
3
Ser 3
"Type A
I
97 Land
Use Fuze
Green
3{d)
Detonator Ser Picric booster Initiator cap Ser Delay Train ~e7d)
3
c)
Fuze Cap explosive
Wi"
"Temporary name Type 99 Bomb Fuze A. Fuz e cap explosive li121"
Blue
Detonator Ser ~ Picric Booster 4 Initiator cap Ser

4 Delay Train Ser 4 Detonator Ser 4
!'TypeNo 15
None
Picric
Booster
NOTE 7 :-
Up to
r. h. thread.
date
all
seines
screw
into
fUzes
wlth
I
I
-9
-\ ARMY )
~ABLE 4 -~~~ng;f;T~gQSTJ;;_~~EMBLIES &m

COMPONaTTS
F:~~ IN -Bm'I
REFNO
COMPONEl'1T
PARTS
-INQaRPORATED(F~I' DraWin~S) EMPLOYEDSER 1- (VIDE TABLE 1)
SER 2 -(VIDE
TABLE
1)
SER 4 -(VmE
TABLE
1)
SER
5 -(VIDE
TABLE
1)
B.l(B)
B/7/105
Initiator cap Delay Train Ring (incorporated in fuze body) GunpC1Nderrelay (screwed into detonator) Detonator Booster Tube right-hand threads have been used.
~OTE 8 : -Up
to date
all
.z~s:
JAPANESE
STANDARD GAl NES

USE -TYPE
NAVY AIRFORCE
BOMB
FUZES
REFER EINC.BDTI
B/10/93
EJ~~
SERIAL
CONTAINmI
HAS
---~~~~:~=~==
3 SLITS liPPOSITE
DIAllETRlCALLY
I ,
-, -
il,.
16 T.P.I
RXC!3S
fi!AlJ.OW M"NtJI.AR
MARKINaS
TYPICAL JAPRlF.sE ~ U~AIJ. y GIVn;G:PLACE OF MANU~ACTURE
WRmICE n.AT8
TYPE NU!l\BE:R LOT r.1JMBE:R DATE OF MANU~ACTURE

NAVY ~L (ANCHOR SIGN)
~ ,
..
'"
T
ELEVATION
J'ITS
i BLU .
SD
TIP PLAIN, OR PAINTmJ BROWN. RE GREDj OR
TAB-I 3
TYPICAL
..
SER~
SERTGAI"N~
FITS
ElG~
SKItT-mN1
am> OF WlnTK
COLOam>CO'l"rCJI /FABRIC BOB~ ON TIPS
TYPICAL BOOSTER PELLETS
JAPANESE
STANDARD GAINES
USE -TYPE
NAVY AIRFORCE
BOMB
FUZES
REFER E IN C BDTI
B/10/93
FIG. 111,
SHEET
1.
0
~.
INITIATOR
~IV. ~c
ASSEMBLED GAINE PLUGS REMOVED
PLAN
PELLI'r
QETONATOR
SER. '2
-ORDINARY INSTANTANEOUS
~.,
SCALK D
Dalla
JAPANESE
STANDARD GAINES
USE -NAVY TYPE AfRFORCE BOMB FUZES
REFER E IN C BDTI
B/10/'93
SERS. 3", 3 B -SLIGHT DELAY
E_~l11. SHEET
~2
40
~.
INITIATOR
@O
~
:~:. ';:.' :,.
(SOllETnIES
IN ONE pnCE
AS IN
SER 30)
~.
DELAY TRAIN
..~ ~ ,I
'j'.j-
;- --~m:JI~~
0 .0 m.EV.
DETONATOR
PELLET
.';:; :(ciI" 'PICRIC ASSEMBLED
aAN
GAINE
PLUGS
REMOVED
SERs. 3(, 3D- SLIGHT DELAY
/'
&.XV. -IN
ItlATOR (aljiErIlIF.s IN 2 .AS IN 3D 38.)
PLAN -
--lIilljl-: \~~~) @ HOLE

~.
DELAY TRAIN
PLAN
'" ~J"
ASSEMBLED
---'Dr
E[.EV .RoAN
~~'
DETONATOR
PELL~
PLUGS
REMOVED
~
'PICRIC
JAPANESE
STANDARD GAINES
USE -NAVY AIRFORCE
TYPE
BOMB FUZES
REFER
E IN C
BOT:
El.(ilU
SHEET
LOCI:ING aIBG
"
&no
;~
:~
INITIATOR DmoAT RIRG
& SELECTOR
-~~~IL~]:II} J~~::r:I]~~~~LY!I
!!,!!.
DELAY TRAIN
Eb!!
"'" PIcmc
PnL&T
c::
~.
PLAIi DETONATOR-
ASSEMBLED
~
1
PLUGS REMOVED t
s~
1 ,
nI niCHES
.21t1
MAGAZINES, FUZE, INCENDIARY BOMB-JAPANESE
INTRODUCTION.
(a) The term "!lL\GAZINE", when us~d in res~ct of' JAPANESE bombs, means the explosive component of a NAVY Fuze used for initiation of certain inoend1a~ bombs
(b) T!:):e ~otion

explosive ignition
of a tAallazine is to initiate
oharge, e.g.
a LOW
hence its use in the fuzing system of s~oh bombs as 60 K~ Type 98 (Solid Oil) and 60 Kg Type 97 (eleotrod) incendiary bombs is all to be the exa
initiated
BLACK POWDER;
(c) ~ ~;Iasa~ine is NEVER useg where H.E. (d) (e) It It is a self-containe~

constituents of
unit,
the
housing
plosive
fuzing
system
oan be screwed into
fUze vlhioh will
take
the
Na~ type Standard Gaine (see BDTI B/l0/93), upper portion of whioh it is a replioa.
NOTE 1 : -Specimens
in A.3(A)
reoovered
fuzes only.
to date have been found
2.
(a)
DESIGNATIONOF TYPES.
As for Gaines and Booster Systems, Magazines and
oamponent parts common SER NO.
are temporarily
designated
by a
(b) The particular SER NO is derived from TABLE 1 of BDTI B/l0/93, and thus denotes time lag in the initiating system, which in turn is a clue to purpose of the bomb in vlhioh used. NOTE 2 :Vfuen referring to abovementioned TABLE read fire damage as the ultimate objeot of the bomb and disregard all reference to cratering
(See FIGS I and II)
3.
DESCRIPTION.
Component parts (a)

a dull (i)
comprise high
whioh
:is -
CONTAINERof tinned
greenish externally of
yellow,
strength
brass
lac~ered
hav-
a standard
shape
and size,
ing a standard male r. h. thread into fuzes named in para 1 (e).

(ii) internallY of construction to accommodate the partioular plugs used. in all respects
Gaines they
for
sore,ving
shown in drawings combination of
(b)
INITIATOR CAP PLUGS of high

to
in NOS Standard of \'{hich (BDTI bear.
strength
the
B/l0/93, It is
brass
and
plugs
2), by the
identical
used SER
corresponding
TABLE actuated
piercing of a striker point.
2S'l
1.
-2 (c) DELAY ~~N ~#UG~ (when used) of: high strength brass and identical in all respects to the corresponding plugs used in Standard Gaines, SER NOS of
which they bear (see r,rOTE3).

flash (d) or from (b) high strength BOOSTER PLUGS of (c) above.
Is initiated
brass
by
containing
GUNPOWDER ONLY which is

Function
ignited
is to
by flash
boost flash container fit.
from
to with
(b)
ena
sure
initiation
of the black
powder charge
in the
bomb. The r.h. thread,
plug may screw into or it may be a slip
r,rOTE3 : -Actual
delay
has not been timed,

certain to
but is
part
practically of a second. 4.
be a fractional
TYPES OF 1lAGAZINES RECOVERED TO DATE.
See TABLE I and FIGS ~ and II.

5. DISPOSAL. See BDTI B/10/93,
which should Magazine is be followed with to be nemolished,
para
15,
giving
procedure
in vrhere a a pit
the EXCEPTION that it will be placed
and destroyed
ade~ate safety
by fire,
care being
are
taken to see that
precautions
observed.
I -TYPES OF lvIAGAZINES REFER TO FIGS I and II
JAPANESE
MAGAIINES, FUIE, INCENDIARY BOMB

USE -TYPE
NAVY AIRFORCE
BOMB
FUZES
REFER E IN C BDTI
B/IO/9'4
FIG.l
SEC. ELXV
PLAR
$E RIAL
I. INITIATOR
ASSEMBLED
MAGAZINE
'm'ICAL DlSCRIPTION ON CONTAINER TYPE: No. & DATE: KARCH 40 PLACb: OF AlANUFACiURI! -KURI.
!&ARK . 2.
.( -""'lfi~J-;~~: , , 1
PmI!'URAnONS GUNPOWDER
//
SEC.m.EV.
~/
...
"
sc,u,X IN INCHES
FLASH BOOSTER
PLUGS
REMOVED
SER.
-SLIGHT DELAY
El~ll
.z.r.!
E IN 0., AM F.
BOMB DI SPOSAL
TEOImIOAL INSTRUCTION.
JAPANESE AMMUNITION
20
nm
1.
a "safe"
PRELIM~. -=-condition,
Ammunition
or may possibly
of this
type may be encountered

have been fired
but
in
failed to explode, in which case it is then in, a very DANGEROUS state and methods laid down for handling must be strictly adhered to by RAE personnel when called upon to
dispose are 2. of it. '!'he weapons 1n wh1ch this anmun1tion cannon,AA guns and AA/A.Tk guns. is used
aircra.t't
TYPES OF AMMUNITION.
Owing to s1mi:e:ar1 ty in fuzing and construction a typical description applicable to all present known 20 nun ammunition will first be given, followed by tabulated details of the various types as illustrated by diagrams. 3. TYPICAL DESCRIPTION. (See diagrams)
brass of the means at' exare pressed which are case is
(a) C~rtri~e Qase!. These are solid rimless type, a recess providing the traction. The brass percussion caps into the cap chambers of the primers fitted to the cartridge bases. The
crimped
onto
the
there to
shell.
are Types 3 different 97, 98 and sized cases 99 weapons. in use
Note that corresponding
(b) ~ropellant. This is graphited powder in tubular or flake form. (c) ~r_o.iectile~. These comprise body fitted with a copper driving end, the diam. and wall thickness
end being increased and ceive the standard type are lacque~ed different of filling.
(d) for Fuzin~. screwing Fuzes into are of projectile.
nitro
cellulose
a cylindrical steel band near rear at the forward
internally threaded to refuze fitted. Projectiles colours according to nature
brass
having
male
thread
At the nose of the fuze a brass diaphragm is secured by spinning over the l1p of the fuze body. Beneath this 1s an aluminium stl'iker pin supported on a centrifUgal bolt and housed at the lower end in a striker gu1de. The centrifugal bolt is looked into the fUze body by a detent and spring; beneath the striker guide is the detonator. Both striker guide and gaine body with a left hand thread. (e) Gaines. short type, lead azide (f) screw into the fuze
Gaines comprise either a long and contain PETN or Cyclonite core On set spring which
or a with a
Action of fuze. tent compresses the the centrifugal bolt
back on firing the debeneath it and releases is then free to fly out
-2 radially under centrifugal force clear of the shell
wl;en acceleration ceases. The fuze is now armed and on impact the striker is free to drive into the detonator. For fuze variations see diagrams, Sers
4.
2, 3, 4.
recovered
PRECAUTIONS \VHENHANDLING. Unfired Rounds, such as may be

are relatively from a crashed aircraft,
(a) UNFIRED ROUNDS. safe (b) to handle
mustbe taken (i)

(ii)
FIRED ROUNDS.
To hold horizontal
To tion avoid
In handling
fired
rounds,
CARE
them by the middle or with the nose

jolting or sudden
and keep them slightly dovmward

change of direc-
(iii)
(iv) in
NOT TO DROPTHEM
When carrying, a small box, place not more than 2 shells etc., lined with a soft
material
material. 5.
and separated
by a wad of the same
PRECAUTIONS \'/HEN BREAKING DO\VN.
to break
When it is necessary for some special reason down this type of' ammunition, extreme care and
as the fuze extremelysensitive.
strict Safety Precautions must be exercised components are very delicate and the fillings
WARNING: -Yellow phosphorous incendiary filling vrill burn furiously whe~ EXPOSED TO AIR. The container must NOT be broken down where fire
damage will result.
6.
DISPOSAL.
Normal method of dispqsal
(a) UNli'rRED ROUNDS. (i) (ii) Drown in deep water, or -
should be -
In a safe area, place in close contact in an excavation about 3-ft x l-ft x l-ft deep, but
NOT more than four

tion and destroy
rounds
in any one excavaa filled splinters as
with
a demolition-charge.
the rounds with against flying special
If necessary, cover sandbag as protection (b) in FIRED para ROUNDS. Observing 4 (~) above, either-
precautions
(i)
be (ii)
Drown in deep water,

released until as the
but the round must NOT

hand 6 (a) holding (ii) it is under
water, orProceed
in para
above.
JAPANESE AMMUNITION - 2.0 m.m.

REFER E IN C B.D.T.I. B/II/72
H. E. .WITH
TR.ACER.
H. E. WITH
TR-ACER-
H.E. WITH TR.ACER.
-SfR1
IUZE Smt.3-
liED :::: :-.BAND

LONG GAINE---= GREENBAED -
YELLOW BAND;-::~ CYCLONlTE --~

DULL BLACK BODY TRACER COMPOBITICJI ~
2 LONG ~DIPS ~ PRIIiING COIdPOSITICJISTEEL SrBZW PLUG
(L.H.mREAD)
TYPE CASE ~ -
,I -L
H. E. WITH TRACER
H. E. WITH TR.ACER
.s.E..B.
H. E. -INCENDIARY
H.E.-INCENDIARY ga
PUZZS!2l.~ ~
H. E,-INCENDIARY
NOSE PI!CZ ~
PElW
SEE.
M
R!DBAND--Lm/G GADiX ---
FABRICWASllm~
YELLOW BAlI)--cra.m/I'r!:
1m)BAND-~
-~~
BRASS DISC -+='.~'t
--'
-I ;i
BLACK ---"-~ BODY

!';I,;~
INCDlDIARY
FABRICLONG 3 PAD CRIMPS-"
""
BLACK BODYIN CDIDIART III:rroRl:
KInVU
(Nm/-PBOSPHOIlJ5) -
Tn'E 97 CASE-
PROBABLE
mE
V'1 CASE
-:-if
JAPAN ESE
REfER
E IN C
BoDoTo
2() m. m
6/11/72
INC ENDIAR.Y
INCENDIARY
roZE SD.l (LOIIG)-
INCENDIARY
rum SER.l(LONG)-SHORr GADJ:E
alOE GAINE--GRmNISI!-1Z11.0W BODY""..J 1Z11.0WPHOSPHOmJS III WHITE BAND ~
YELLOW BODY ~
YELLOW~OSPHORDS DI Al,UJaNIml CAHIS'rmI
PYROTECIINI C JIIrruRE
PYROTmBNIC IIIXWRI-==-+ Jfj

TIrr DRIV1NG -BAIID
1m
LEAD SHOT 3 mORT C3D1PS-'-'--
3 SHORr CRDlPS-r
TIn ~~ CASE :i*-
TYPE ~~ CASE
-J-.JtI'J-'..6.-8.
A.P WITH
TRACER
~
JI
A. P -INCENDIARY
SOlT COPPER NOSE
~
I
EITE BODY
BLACX BODY ~
GRm! WHITE BARD BAND

mA<ZR
INCDiDIARr IIIX'lVB-
2 LOliG CRIIIPB-OOIlP08ITI~ CAIlDBOAla> DISC
SILK DISC(L.B.THREAD)
STm. SCRDPLUG~
mm ~ & ~ CASD
2
PRACTICE
WAX -~~:==-Jl DISC

SCREW PLUG TYPE 99 c.sx ~
I\--
ROUNDS
PRACTICE ROUNQ
(EXPLOSIVE)
L<IIGGAIHE FfJZ!
SER
SER.3
RmBAHD CARDBOARD (BOL! 15
DISIS~)
m.LOW BARD ~ BARD ---: -
m.ACK POWDSa -
BLA(J( -BODY
2 LONG C2IKPS
TRACER STm. (X)KPOSn'IDB saw PLUG
SJ:LJ'
D~TROYIBG
TYPB CAS e
Z/y
L,
1
in Inch..
80al.
20m.m.
REF"ER E IN C
B.D.T.!.. 6/11/72
TYPES OF CARTRIDGE CASES
TYPE -97
TYPE -98
TYPE- 99
scale
'-nInohes
--
TYPES
OF FUz.ES
I
NOSEm.OSING DISCSTBIKm! EITENSI~NOSE --ROTOR
~
NOTE:~ION
DO1"rEDLINES fiiOW
J'OR fiiORTER l'UZE
OJ' SAKE TYPE.
NOSE CLOSINB DISC-STRImi J'UZE BODY -
cmTRIJ'UGAL PIN(SLO=J
STRIKm SPRINQ'LOADm roZE BODY
--
DrrmT
PIN &. SPRIN~
DETDI .::.:::TS~~
STRIKER GUIDE/ GAINE (L.H.'lmIEAD)--
GAIN! (R.H.mREAD)-
~
NOS! CLOSniG DISC--
3 STRIKER GUIDE -
-~
WOODDISTRIKER EXTnISIai STRIKER -
NOSE CAP-
---~
~ 4
Si1iIKERSTRIDR DETDiT ~
AND SPRING
&,
STRIK!:R DMm'r
IUZE BODY
SCRBWPWG
SCREW PLU~:i::::::::;'"
JUZE BODY L
INITIA1'OR CAPCENTRIIUGAL
GAmE (L.R.'l1IREAD) --
n.ASH SEAL(C.u4 ACTION) ;,,:..~
---
GAIJiE
1
Scale in Incbes
CHAP. C.
SECS. 12-18
c
GERMAN BOMBS, AMMUNITION,
Sec. 12: 13: 14: 15: 16: 17: 18: H.E. Bombs Anti-personnel Bombs Incendiary Bombs Miscellaneous Aerial Missiles Fuzes Disposal Techniques Miscellaneous Data.
ETC.
261
CHAP. D.
SECS. 19-20
MISCE:LLANEOUS TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS

D;i Sec. 19: 20: Destruction of Bombs, Ammunition, Etc. General
263
E IN C" AM F.
BOMBDI SPOSAL TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION.
ISSUED
20 DEO43
A HE BOMB BY DETONATION
DESTRUCTION OF
1.
to
\VHENBOMBIS EXPOSE~.
detonate A s~le a charge way of destroying of explosive in a ruzed 1m bomb close contact withis
(a) the barrel 01' the banb, which would be usual END-fuzed bombs (e.g. most Japanese types), or (b) the fuze of SIDE-ruzed bombs if easily accessible, otherwise
for
(e.g. German types) as (a) above.
2.
WHEN BOMBHAS BEENDEFUZ~~.

(a) Detonation of most JAPANESE HE: banbs can be achieved by inserting through the fuze opening a CE primer (or e~iva1ent) in direct contact with the main filling and firing with a detonator
(b) In GERMAN type bombs when the fuze has been wi thdrawn but the picric pellets remain in the pockets (in a dry state), detonation of the bomb can be achieved by inserting a CE primer (or equivalent) in contact v/ith the picric pellets and detonating it. When a filled fuze gaine is available, the bomb can be detonated by inserting the gaine in its picric ring in the fuze pocket and firing with a detonator.
3.
Kg and
~VHEN BOMB IS NOT VISIBLE AND/OR FUZE UNIDENTIFIEJ2.

over If an which attempt is made to blow up a bomb of 50
(a) (b) and the
is the
not
visible, has to not
or been identified, there is a possibility
fUze
bomb fails
detonate,
that it is a CLOCKiVORK type fUze and the clock has restarted. This being so, always assume that such is the case and again apply the usual Safety Period (unless it
is
a CATEGORY A bomb). will be seen that, whenever possible, to uncover the bomb before adopting alternative methods for destroying Entry Method. it is either the
It far preferable of the following banb. (a) HoleQf' (i)
Instances sometimes occur, especially in clay s011s, where the hole of' entry is found to be clear right down to the bomb, the tail fins having remained attached to the bomb and probably crumpled up. In some of these instances it will be poss1ble to place a charge of' explos1ve touch1ng the ta1l cone or near enough to the bomb to cause detonat10n (but see' NOTE 1 and para 4 below) and exploding bomb w1th a charge as indicated in TABLE 1.
not sui table for those bombs cones empty of explosive. of'the type of bomb is there-
NOTE
: -This method is which have ,tail Clear evidence fore necessary.
.2""
DEMOLITION OF BOMBS IN DUMPS
1.
OBJEQ.'r..
To safely destroy dumps of bombs with maximum
speed and efficiency.
2.
PRELIMIN~.
When blmling
can ra~ely be in such
up bombs, the demolition

position as the
charge
booster
a favourable
wi th rega~d to proximity to main bomb filling. An exception is when the demolition charge can be placed in the fUze pocltet of the bomb, but normally fuzes will NOT be
removed for this purpose.
NOTE 1 : -The demolition of an individual wi th in BIYl'I D/19/63 NOTE 2 : -To

-ously,
banb is
dealt
demolish
a small
numbe~ of bombB Binnlltanecharges are placed be-
tween the ba11bs.
suitable
oontaot
3.
II];)J:THOD DEMOLISHINGBOllffiS IN STAC~. OF A STACK is defined

in height.
To demolish be taken in precautions a STACK order to are of bombs, special obtain reliable
(HE Bombs)
as a ~ow of banbs one o~

precauresults.
mo~e tiers
tions Such must special
(a) BOJ.'lBS MUST BE IN CONTACT.

stack, whether inone-or-more
All
tiers,
the bombs in a
}lIUST touch
their !!;ei~hbours. Vvhen bombs are gathered and st~oked, aim at "line" oon,taot rathe~ than "point" contact. Same ar~angement may be necessary i'or
bombs having parallel-sided at eaohfTring projecting should point rivet alternate must be
of
heads. head
Bombs not to tail.
(b) CHARGES MUSTBE ADE9llA~.

See TABLE 1 for various oases. quantities
The charge
of requisite
explosive
to be used
power.
required in
(c) LIMITATION OF NUMBER OF BO~JBS IN A STACK. number of bombs in-a-s-tack--shoUld.b~l~i~ed -, ...I , " " ,...
The by con-
-3 TABLE!
CHARGES REQUIRED FOR DETONATING TImOUGH
BO1i1B CASING
BOMB TYPES
VlHETHER FUZED OR NOT
CHARGE
REQUIRED
AND PLACEMENT One 1 oz CE primer (or e~uivalent) in oontaot with barrel of' banb
JAPANESE Small
Cluster Bombs
Fuzed
JAPANESE
GP
Fuzed or unf'uzed Two 1 lb slabs TNT (or

equivalent) wi th barrel in contact of' bomb
Types
JAPANESE
and
SAP
Fuzed or unf'uzed
AP TY1Jes
Four 1 lb slabs TNT (or equivalent) in oontaot with barrel of bomb

One 1 oz CE primer (or equivalent) in contact
GERl.iAN Small
Anti-Pers types
Fuzed or Wlf'uzed
wi th boIIiJ body
GERMAN S.C. (thin wall)

ty:pes
Fuzed
1 lb slab TNT (or e~ivalent) in contact with head of electric .fuze Two 1 lb slabs TlJT (or equivalent) in contact with barrel 01' banb
Tv/O 1 lb slabs TN:: (or equivalent) in contact with head of' electric
Do
(a) Fuze fitted

but (b) inacoessible Unf'uzed
GERMAN SD
Fuzed
types
(thick
wall)
f'uze Do
(a) Fuze fitted
but (b) inaccessible Unf'uzed
Four 1 lb slabs TNT (or e~uivalent) in contact wi th barrel of' bomb
.I.,,)'
E IN C., AM F. BOIIIB DISPOSAL TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION.

-.
DEMOLITION OF BOMBS IN
D~tPS
1.
speed
OBJECT.
and To safely efficiency. destroy dumps of bombs with maximum
2.
PRELIMINAIrf. --
When blm,ing up bOmbs, the demolition charge can rarely be in such a favourable position as the booster wi th regard to proximity to main bomb filling. An exception is when the demolition charge can be placed in the fuze poolcet of the bomb, but normally fuzes will NOT be removed for this purpose.
NOTE 1 : -The demolition of an individual wi th in BmI D/19/63 NOTE 2 : -To

-ously, tween
banb is
dea1t
demolish
a small
contact
number of bombs simul tanecharges are placed be-
suitable the bOlnbS.
3.
more
tions Such
lI1)J:THOD DEMOLISHING;;QlIn3S STAC~. OF IN A STACK is defined

tiers
must special
(1m Bombs)
as a row of banbs one or preoauresults.
in height.
To demolish
be taken in precautions
a STACK of bOlnbs, special

order are to obtain reliable
(a) B01;IBSMUST BE IN CONTACT. All the bombs in a stac~, whetherin-one-'or-more tiers, MUST touch their neighbours. V(hen bombs are gathered and stacked, aim at "line" oon,taot rather than "paint" contact. Some arrangement may be necessary f'or
bombs having parallel-sided at each firing cases. projecting should point rivet alternate must heads. head Bombs not to tail.
(b) C:H;A,RGES MUST BE ADEQUATE. See TABLE 1 for

various
The charge
requisite
to be used
power.
be of
quantities
of explosive
required
in
(0) LIMITATION OF NUMBER OF BOMBS IN A STACK. The number of bombs 1n-a-~t~~k--sho~ld.'b~' rfiiii~ed by consideration of the estimated blast and fragmentation effect in relation to available cover for personnel in the vicinity. The number of bombs recommended to be detonated together in one stack is given in TABLE 1 below.
(d) SAFETY DISTANCE. MINI}.~ distanoeof

be observed.
(e)
For stacks 1,000 yards
as per TABLE 1, a from a stack should

Several by pI'ima-
DE~iOLISHI~ SEVERAL STACKS TOGETHER. staq!Cs may De D1Own up togetheI' if' joined
cord
or
equivalent
inStantaneous
detonating
fuze.
.:If.7
-2 In such a case; or if' t~esize of' an fn4ivid~al increased.
stack is gre~teopthan thatreconunendedin TABLE 1,

the safety dJ.stance must be suitab:l;y (f') FIRING POINTS. The numbe1' of' firing points em-. ployed depends on the number a:nd type of' bombs. V{hen thJ.ck-v/alled, bombs larg'e'r than 50 Kg a1'e to
be detonated, smaller thin-walled bombs, if' available; should be placed over a row of' the thick... flaIled bombs at the firing points, and the Cha~ge placed bet\'leen th~ thick and thin walled bombS.
TABL:!!:1 gives the number of' firing stacl{ f'or cOllmlon t~'Pes of bombs.
points
pe~
(go) LOCATION OF CHARGES. (i) To obtain the best results the charges must be place4 as described below. The must N~
(i1 be concentrated If the stacks near the bottom a1'e higher than an two or IIddlen tie~s; the h
end.
(h)
charges should be placed below the top tier, and where tV/O charges must be used they a1'e normally placed at one qu~rter and three quarters the length of' the stack measured from one
STACKS MORE TtlAN 50 YARDS APART. If the stacks are looated at distances greater than 50 yds apart boosterein the form of C.E. primers or gelignite should be attached to the detonating fuze at intervals no greater than 100-ft.
NOTE 3 : -When necessary to demolish larger stacks than those given in TABLE 1, the weight of' charge8 used will be as given, but the number of' f'ir~~ .points will be inoreased. NOTE 4 : -The number of' f'iring be points for as ONE PER THREE bombs greater , than 500 Kg should reckoned
~.
NOTE , 5 : -Bombs of demolished weight singly. greater than 1,000 Kg should be
TABr.E1
E IN C., AM F.
BOMB DISPOSAL
mSTRUCTION OF BOroRS AJn.'!N 40 m.m.
(Subjected to BombBlast)
1.
FORElVO@.
(a) RAE may be called upon to dispose of a quantity Bofors Ammn40 m.m. which has been subjected to
bomb should (b) Only blast. be in Instructions for the safe handling of
of
such damaged ammunition

STRICTLY the most adhered
is
therefore
to.
given
and
and
exceptional
circumstances
where it rendered
be that taken it
is obvious that the ammunition unserviceable and/or dangerous

and should then be NOT destroyed. until an 1.0.0. has
has been will action

certified
2.
SENSITIVITY The
OF possible
COMPONENTS. effects
~~
of
damage
to
this
type
of
ammunition
lows :(a)
resulting
This to
from bomb blast

might as a be rendered result
are assessed
a of portion little of
as folmore the
Primer. sensitive
shock
detonating
shaken free.
camposi tion
This does
fram the
not
cap having
a
been
source of
constitute
danger
,.
if
a damaged round
Stabilized
is
and
handled
relatively
carefully.
safe to
'-
(b)
Propellant. handle.
(c) the
IS2i~er Primer,
Shell. loose
No
12. CORlposition
Uk
I. in
As the
in
the cap
case might
of
cause careful
an
increase handling is
in
the necessary.
sensitivity
to
shock,
and
(d)
Shell if
FillinS.
constituting
The several
the shell subject sDecial explosion
high and lo\v explofilling are relatively
sives
safe
signs must (e)~.
handled
carefully,
been with
but
ammunition
showing
heat,
of having be handled A nearby
to considerable care. may be sufficient
to
release the armdng mechanism and set free the hanmer and needle. This constitutes the greatest
danger. shutter,
move.
Shock from thus leaving
explosion may the detonator
also pellet
release free
the to
3.
METHODThe OF normal DISPOSALmethod RECOl~EENDED. of disposal

~~
should
be
dump-
ing
in
deep
water. :-
The
following
precautions
must
be
STRICTLY
followed
PreQaut~~.
(a) Hold a damaged round at or near the point balance whilst raising, carrying or lowering. ALWAYS KEEP HORIZONTAL. (b) Avoid jolting, sudden change above all, do NOT drop it. or direction, or
and
127/
-2 (c) Fo~ trans~orting, s~read a layer of sand not less than 6'1 thick on floor ot' truck, separate the rounds and embed in sand to ~revent movement. The number ot' rounds which should be carried in any one tri~ is de~endent on circumstances, such as number to be dealt with, time available, etc., but minimum loadin~ should be aimed at. The back of the driver s cabin should be ~rotected by t'illed sandbags.
(d)
In lowering into water, do not release until the hand is under water.
round
(e) Employ only the minimum number of ~ersonnel.

DISADVANTAGES IN OTHER ME.-rHODS OF DISPOSAL. (a) Destrayin.tt sin~. RecOlIlIllended only it' small ~antities are involved. Destruction singly ot' large quantities means wastage ot'demolition stores, excessive handling and time involved.
(b) ~troYing -~ b~k. Because ta~ering shell case and smallness contact between shells is dit'ficult and ex~losion of all components Excessive handling is involved. the long of sqell, to.obtain, is uncertain. of close
(c) BurYin~.
Not permissible.
E IN C., AM F.
BOMB DISPOSAL TECImICAL INSTRUCTION.
ISSUED
20 DEO 43
ELElvrENTARY
S,AliIETY PRECAUTIONS
FOR
BOI.ffi DISPOSAL
Men are safe (a) In a trench
against
bombs up to 500 Kg :-
80 :f't from the bomb wall, or 2'6" sandbag WalJ., 80

distances must
(b) Behind a 14" brick ft from the bomb

NOTE: -For bombs be doubled. over
500 Kg those
3. Tr."sport ."d pl."t sere dist."ce or behinds
not in usa must be parked st s suitabls intervening structure. from the
4. Excevations which may fall in must be tio;bered the start. TJJnbering o."not be done in safety after sideB Btart to oave-in.
5. CemoufletB. which are und,rground chamberefilled with poieonous gaB, are most liksly to occur with hombs up to 100 Kg, but 0." occur with larger bombs. Remamber thet :(a) A rope, fixed st the top and with the bottom, muBt bs kspt h."ging dation to B'rve aB e life-line a loop tied at in the excav-
(b)
The floor of the excevetion shoUld be frequently probed to Bes if there is e cevity below. Gas hiBBing out of a probe hole or the ,udden peteringout of the track are Bigns of a cemouflet. The NCO in charge of the digging party may use the probe for thiB purpose but must NOT use it in
placeB ,'here it iB likely tha leeB he hoe attanded a Course boo;b ""1 be met in BDisposal. un-
(c) if flet, (d) If
there ie the slightest suspicion of a cemoumen excaveting must WEAR 11fe-11nse a oemouflet ie deteoted,
orders
the exoavation
fran the
will
be quitted RAE officer
until further or NCO
responsible
(e) THE SERVICE IOJSPIRATOR GIVES NO PROTEarION AGAINST THE GASES IN A CAiIOUFLET.
6. pick or Men digging other tool. down to e banb must not hit it with s
'7. othsr
Before work is ster'ed e ech day (thie raters to than CATEGORY bombe) the NCO in char,e of the digA
.llJ
-2 ging p~ty must find out !Pam the pesponsible RAEorrioep

or NaO if, until the when fUze/s the bomb is are exposed. reached, work should continue 8. After c~leting ging party will retire ponsible ~ Officer the work ordered, to a safe distance or NCO arrives and the until takes whole the charge. digres-
9. officer
If, or
during the NOO, there
absence of are obvious
the responsible RAE signs that a Cate~ory

once despatch altered time a mesthe bomb
.:A: bomb is being neared and will be reached ahe-a:aOfliis expected time of return, the NCO or senior sapper in
charge of the digging party will at sage to that Officer or NOO stating is expected to be uncovered.
10. \Vhen exposing fuzes, the earth scraped away from around them, taking
the bomb, or undercut the..ground
must be carefully care not to move

it so causing it
beneath
to move of its
O\yn accord."
11. BOMBSWILL NEVER BE MOVEDUNTIL THE RESPONSIBLERAE OFFICER OR NOO GIVES THE ORDER.12.
V/hen 1t 1s intended of of to destroy a bomb 1n situ, only
sufficient
as 13. to enable
of the body of the bomb will

placement fUze a demolition a bomb is
be uncovered
charge. as being
so
of
When the
identified
OLOCroVORK type
and the bomb is
accidentally
moved, the
orders beis availlistening
digging party must retire to safety and await fore proceeding UNLESS an Electric Stethoscope able on the spot and NO ticking is heard when
with
a fUze
1t.
which
Similar
has not
action
been
should
identified.
be taken
in the case of
14. 'Nhen ordered to "expose the fuze", remember that some types of Japanese bombs are fUz~d at nose and tail,
and that
mediately party will orders of
both ends of such types

on exposing the at once retire the responsible base plate
must be uncovered.
I~
fuze or fuzes, the digging to safety and await fUrther RAE Officer or NCO~ or attached fins will be in-
No fUze,
terfered
Officer
?!i th except
,or Nao.
on the
order
of t he responsible
RAE
E IN C.,
A M F.
BOMB DISPOSAL
TECHNICALINSTRUCTION.
ISSUED
20 DEC 43
SAFm'Y ffiFOR
PRECAt1rIONS SUMMARIZED BOMBS OF ANY NATION~~~ for

be
1. Only the minimum number of men required work should be allowed near the bomb.
2. served. Safety Distances as laid down must always
the
ob-
3.
rendering before
All
the
special
safe bomb or is
equipment
disposal uncovered. of
likely
a bomb
to be required
must be on the
for
site
the
4. class
All order
special ready
equipment for instant
must use.
be
maintained
in
first
5. there
Excavations must is any possibility
be timbered that the
from the start '"hen sides may cave in. must laid be constantly do~m in BDTI
6. The possibility of kept in mind and precautions D/20/29, Part B.
a Camouflet taken as
ll
a b ,
iO. fuz, ar A bomb fuzaa must Oav,
'aU8e unne,eaaery vibration Oit tOa banb witO toola, tioWara, j=p into to, ex'avation.
never b'.n be moved ldenti"ied. or disturb'd until
at"
to.
11. N, metOod involving to, appli,etlon ," Oeat "or removing bomb "illinga muat be used on a bomb retaining ,08mi,al long d,lay type fuza, or on a bomb 'ontaining 8temmed -onal "illing. 12. When bomba be 'ontinuoue until
are being 't',,"'d-out, tOe pro,eas muet tOe filling ie ,omp"et,"y expelled. i, tou,Oed 'ont"'inated (preferably witO to, bara O,nds part must be w.",,) a' soon a, to tranaone man
13. "'Oen OigO exploeive or eettlea on tOe 'kin, to, waeOsd witO aoap and water pos,ible.
14. '" for any sps,ial r'ason it i, na'a"ary part a fuzsd bomb, "ired """'nition. st,., only aOould ""anpany tOe drlver in tOe lorry.
15.
Safety
Preoautlons
wlll
be stri'tly
ob'erved
bombs Alwaya
during
and d,spla,e
final dispOSal. troying banbs, tOe bomb, et,.,
eapeolally wOan burnlng-out amnnmition and explosiv.s. in an ex,avation.
VoS
-2
1,6.
It
can
must be constantly
be considered safe
borne in mind that no bomb,

until
Q
01'.
etc.,
it
is
finally
disposed
(B)
SPECIAL FOg JAPANESE BOMBS
17. When the bomb is being approached during excavation, and thereafter until it is dealt with, no pressure must be applied in the inmediate proximity of the bomb as might be transmitted to and cause a sensitive fuze to function.
18. bomb after Power it tools should not has been located be used ?li thin by probing.19. 2 ft of the
When attempting to expose a fuze in the end of a bomb which is slanting, remove only sufficient earth for the purpose, taking care not to undermine the bomb and so cause it to slide.
20. Before a bomb is moved or disturbed, the fuze or fuzes should first be rendered safe for handling by the method laid down for the particular fuze or fuzes found fitted. 21. Bombs should be defuzed before being brought to the surface unless there is a strong reason for acting otherwise.
22. When a fuze is extracted from a bomb the complete fuze assembly (including gaine, detonator or booster) will be destroyed remote from the filled bomb or expelled filling. The parts must not be separated unless there is special reason for doing so.
23.
it is clear gaine,
If
it
is necessary
to strip
a fuze
assembly
and
not absolutely certain of the initiator cap, detonator or booster (a) the fuze has sive neutralizer, first or
parts
that the striker do NOT attempt to unless been treated with

to
needle is unscrew the an explois done
(b) dismantling of by remote control.
dangerous
move
24. Never employ the burning-out method (especially where damage will result from an explosion) unless absolutely certain that the bomb filling is of a type which will not be instantly detonated thereby.
E IN 0., AM F.
BOMB DISPOSAL
PRECAUTIONS WHEN HANm.ING EXPLOSIVES
REFERENCE. 1. (a) PRECAUTIONS If high
Refer
BIYl'I
D/20/57. SKIN filling DISEASES. fram
AGAINST explosive
~-~
-~---
bombs
and
mines
is
handled contact system if so,
for with (especially it may
any the
length akin, through produce Skin
of it
time may cuts be
or
allowed introduced and scratches)
to
came into and, or cause contrac-
in the
severe diseases of most
indisposition are Japanese very easily bombs if
dermatitis. ted tions from are fillings
precau-
neglected.
(b)
If hands wards the must handling. whenever and
DRY and with handling be
explosives forearms soap and extends repeated Rubber possible at
are must water over frequent gloves and the
handled be a washed (preferably period,
whilst
cold, w~). washing during should be
the afterIf as above the worn
inDnedlately
intervals as gloves issued
thoroughly
washed
dried
afterwards.
(c) or
Infection bombs whilst when handled "HOT". fragments and
may (especially
be
easily some gloves
contracted Japanese should exploded not to inhale
when types) always bombs t'wnes.
fragments are be are handled worn
Rubber of care freshly taken
being
(d)
When gloves gloves tection. tion mucous lungs, nature. cleaning worn Care other dried the where if to
banbs anti-gas (housewife
are
being should pattern) and
steamed-out, be worn. do Anisol have not an and
rubber Ordinary give erfect nose, painful
boots rubber adequate in upon and and on the the
and
proaddi-
Hexanite being membrane and In of the be are of poisonous, of
especially,
the an
mouth extremely
harmfUl during MUST space. and be
steaming-out apparatus work taken is to later, being see
operations the done that are As an added in the thoroughly precaution, up carried wind respirator a
and
closed respirator
must anti-gas
equipment
cleaned locate of out. the site
and
arterwards. boiJ.er, the wherever operation is
possible, being
(e)
and
Contact
hands
between
MUST is be
hand
washed
and
if
.t'ace
food
should
is taken
be
avoided
before
steaming-out
completed.
(f)
Splashes clothing should be
of
wet
explosive and as soon any as
should part possible.
be
wiped
off
inDnediately washed
contaminated
(g) ate
For (1
vlashing teaspoonful to in soap. each
any
part to 1
of pint
the
body, or warm
sodium water) should
bicarbonis be pre-
ferable carried
Sodium sterilizing
bicarbonate lorry.
(h)
When above
steaming-out must be taken.
mines,
rigid
~ecautions
as
(i) any the
Medical skin skin
attention irritation is noticed.
must or a
be deep
obtained yellow
immediately staining of
%77
-2 -
2.
SAFElY DISTANCES. c-.
Filled bombs (and fillings extracted from them) may detonate if they reach a detonating heat, either applied externally or from their own heat. Some types of explosives do so more readily than others. Full safety distances and precautions must always be observed when bomb fillings are being burnt in the open and when bombs are being burnt out. These rules should be impressed on all ranks and steps taken to ensure they are observed.
3.
BURNING EXPLOSIVES.
The greater the ~antity of explosives burnt at anyone time, the greater is the likelihood of detonation. For this reason, no more will be burnt at any one time than the quantities laid down in BDTI D/20/57 for explosives specially m~ntioned as able to be burned.
4.
BURNING WASHED-OUT EXPLOSIVES.
H.E. filling which has been expelled from a bomb by steaming-out or washing-out process must not be allowed to soak into the ground. Corrugated iron or other iron sheeting must be placed in the bottom of the pit or trench and the resultant mass (subjeot to para 3 ) burnt in situ the $amed&. A gaine or magazine must never be destroyed by the use of an explosive charge in the neighbourhood the whole or any portion of the expelled mass. of
E IN C., AM F.
BO},tB DISPOSAL TECmaCAL INSTRUCTION. PREOAtJl'IONS USE OF STEAMING-oUT EQUIPM!i:m' IN
1.
2.
REFERENCES.BDTlsE/21/109. D/20/62.
A -i'iIiEN STEAtlING-O1Yl'PLANT MUSTNEVER BE USED
ClOOi!IC.\L LONG DELAY FUZE. or Bombs having Long Delay Fuzes of the &\CETONE ot~er c~crCAL type should NEVER be steamed-out
that heat vastly increases the rate of the
CELLULOID
for the chemical
reason action.
3.
the
GERMAN 17 Type
S~evens t Unless Stopper
FUZES.
of this BDTI type have E/23/87) been bombs irnmunised fitted with by
fUzes (refer
same should
melting the
NOT be steamed-out
detent pellet
as there
starting
is
danger
the
of heat
and thus
clock.
4.
STEMMED A},1rl!ONAL FILLINGS. Bombs containing stemmed AL1MONAL fillings

possibility ammonia (by
must acof
NOT be steamed-out on tion of a heat sensitive
account of the compound of
of formathe action
of moist
tion in
ammonia nitrate
the soil).
and aluminium,
BDTI
or by bacterial
for renloval
such fillings).
5. lowing
and ~NT (see
D/20/117
(B) -SPECIAL
To prevent procedure building must be
PR3Ci'-,.UTIQNS
high :temperatures, the fol-
up of adopted
(a) STE.A}.{PRESSURE (at Boiler must NOT exceed 50 lbs per

(b) Th~ Qo~ completely must be uncovered UNLAGGED,
end of sq-in
and
Steaming-out
!rose)
wherever
possible,
6.
Lm'iGT!r OF HOSEEMPLOYED. -This must NOT be less than 18D-ft.
7.
the filling
OONTlNUI'l'Y .
'l'ne steaming-out is completely process expelled. must be continuous until
8.
PICRIC FILLINGS.
For special LCJprecautions see BDTI D/20/62. BOMBSFILLED YvITH SEPARATELY WR.,\PPED BLOCKS using standard hose e~ipnlent as desis NOT satisfactory with bocdbs of
of the wrapping material such fillings come under emtrIo
9. cribed
Normal procedure in BDTI E/21/109
this type ~loyed.
headings: (a)
due to clogging action Methods of removal of
B~s~~D!a!e described
in
~~~ BDTI
b~~~, D/20/117,
~rocedure and-
in
which
case
is
(b) Non...]3ase-Dlate tvne bOlMS(v/hioh cannot be dismantled). --'.!,'h~semay-bedea1tVrith described in para 10 in be10vr. an emergency as
~19
-:3 I IPROVISED~m STE ,ID:rG-OUT..\T'i'AC ,!Elf].
(a) CAUTION: -This roothOd is NOT sui table for use in an excavation Md must only be used on b0l11bs which, fer same reason su~riciently important to justify the use of this method, must be dealt "lith by the steaming-out technique. (b) The improvised:.attachment should c<X!lprise the
following
(i) Short Albany with
(see sketch
length TY1>e Y pieoe ot' couplings ot' the with-
beloYl) :steam hose (A) fitted end hose, with (D), one main steam connecting the other
connecting
(ii)
A short a Vapour
length Nozzle
of steam pipe (D) and a Nozzle
(0) fitted Valve
with (E).
Bind
on Wooden Grip
I
I tII
C-ii'" bore
? ",',:, '\' -.
I----~~;~--~~=~~~~~~:~r -0"
D -l2"x or '", ,', , , " ,~ i" \, ,
BOT TO S~E (0) Procedure

ing
Length 12"x i"

:protective must vrear full
goggles
Substitute
Straight
is
as 1'ollo,{s
(1) The operator

including
cloth-
and g~oves.
(ii) (iii)
Ire nIUst worlc on the upviirid side
of the bomb.
The steam pipe jet is inserted through tlw trepanned hole, and/or fuze pocket, and the filling broken do\'nl by the action of the ste!lrl. and soda solution, 'will be ejected b;lr the pressure. From time to til.le virapping material fran the explosive must be removed by hand using a
wooden rod, during which operation the jet of
steam viill
(iv)
NOT be in action
precautions except that for
on the bomb.
apply as for northis operation
The same safety mal steaming-out,
cannot
its
be performed
use
by remote control. NOTE 1 below).
Hence
restricted
EMERGENCIES only~'vide
sub-para NOTE 1.
10 (a) above,"l:lnd
~.
REf1r1i.ICTED USE OF ATTACmIiEN'T DESCRIBED IN PARA 10 The only oircumstance (other

which
t ban that
this
of
para
10
(a)
above),
under
attachment
may be used, is if standard eqpt is NOT available, breaks dO\'m or parts are defective, and the work is of so urgent a nature that steaming-out rIlUst be atternQ)ted rri thout delay.
10.
E IN c.,
AM F.
BOMB DISPOSAL
PRECAUTIONS WImN TREPANNING AND STEAMING-oUT
PICRIC FILLINGS -(Provisional)
1. 2.
REFERENCES: BDTIs E/21/109, D/20/31, D/20/117. WARNING.

(a) A proportion of JAPANESE (and FRENCH) bombs are filled with PICRIC ACID explosive in cast (as Lyddite) Or powder form, or with an explosive containing various proportions of PICRIC ACID. (b) Dangerous are :characteristios of this type of filling
(1) During steaming-out, sensitive salts may be formed, vrhich could cause whole or part1al detonation (ii) If Picric Acid in a dry condi tion is ground between metal11c surfaces, explosion will result.
3.
ric can
ESSENTIAL PRECAUTION.
be It has trepanned been found that and stewned-out bombs with filled vrith reasonable pic-
safety PROVIDEDthe following followed :(a) The lubrication of' the efficient and maintained
Instructions
cutter must
are
carefullY
be fully
(b) All surfaces coming in contact with the banb throughout these operations must be kept wet
(0) Before the trepanning or steaming-out units are removed from the bomb, the whole bomb and apparatus must first be flooded with one or more buckets of water (preferably hot water)
(d) While the cutting

water uni t
is proceeding,
to run over
a stream of
the trepanning
should be allowed and bomb body
(e) All picric displaced from the bomb and lodged either on the bomb body or the apparatus must be washed off first by the copious use of water and subsequently by the use of a soft cloth and warm water
(f) All metal surfaces, particularly those of nonferrous material, which are brought into contact with the picric or have picric deposited on themf must be thoroughly washed down and carefully
cleaned after use
(g) Precautions should be taken to exclude dirt, grit sand, etc. from all working parts or rubbing surfaces (h) Steaming-out should. be continuous until the filling has been completely removed from the bomb (i) The site, after removal of the filling from the bomb, should be kept damp until all operations are complete. Any accumulation of p1cI'1C should be destroyed by burning, but this must be done in
small much ~uantities as the chances greater than with TNT. of detonation are
2"
-2 -
4.
(a)
~M~V~QFFILLI!iQ.
To remove the filling, washing soda solution should be introduced into the steam supply. The solution is made up by dissolving 30 lbs washing soda crystals in every 10 gallons of water. About 10 gallons of solution will be needed for a 50 Kg b~b, and 50 gallons of solution for a 250 Kg bomb, ~see NOTE 1 below).
(b)
The
solution
hot by should
is
mixed
in
the
50 gallon
tank
of
the Trepanning
be kept solution
and Steaming-out
injecting be forced steam. into
Plant,
the
and should
soda pipe at
Washing steam
the rate of ten strokes of the hand pwnp per minute !'rom the time the main steam valve is
turned on until the bomb has been emptied. !'rom the The bomb in
picric
will the (c) It will
acid
vlill
not be melted
by the steam but
be broken down and ejected form of a Sludge is be estimated emptied in
that a 50 Kg thin-walled bomb about 1 hour, and a 250 Kg
thin-walled
bomb may take
3-4 hours
(d) Particular oare of these operations
should be taken on completion to see that the hoses are

traces and with
well blown through with pure steam and all of the washing soda removed from the hoses all appliances, as washing soda in contact picric acid forms sensitive picrates.
5.
SPECIAL CAUTION.
Any grinding
faces in a dry condition and almost certainly so
of picric
will if
between metal
to
sur-
tions picric
have to be suspended for any special reason after has been exposed, all surfaces, tool's and implebe cleaned down as stated above before work is
probably lead grit is present.
detonation If opera-
ments must resumed.
6.
ON BOARD SHIPS.
These operations are not normally suitable fo~ application afloat, un~ess the bomb has lodged in such a position that subse<1uent rel1\oval of all ejected picric can be ensured. On no account should picric acid be allowed to find its way into bilges, double bottom spaces. pipes or stop cocks.
NOTE 1 : -The large necessary

as the ejection
<1uantity of washing soda crystals is when steaming-out by remote control

small nozzle.
sludge must pass through the openings of the steaming-out
If
the
jet
method of steaming-out
a weaker God a solution
by hand is
will pro-
resorted to, bably suffice.
EXPLOSIVES USED m
BOMBS
1.
FOREWORD.
It i8
various explosives those responsible (a) Clearly

having posal sensitivity
used in bombs should be appreoiated for bomb disposal in order to understand

regard of the to various
important
~hat
the
Properties
of
the
by
treatment
risk due
laid
to
down for
the relative
dis-
explosives
(b)
Compute
the
probable
danger
from
detonants,
and
(c)
Identify
explosives
whioh may be encountered

notes d~scribe, the ~plosives in so far commonly
The following brief as bomb disposal is concerned, used in aircraft bombs.
LOW EXPLOSIVES -
2.
~
BLACK PO\YD~g.
Appearance: : Ignition f'uz!'s. Shiny or dull black grain and timing in
charges,
f'lash
relaying
mOTECImICS.
Tnese are of' 2 classes :(a) Tnose comnonly called Pyrotechnic delays which are simply black or smokeless powder trains compressed and possibly treated with powdered aluminium or magnesium to vary and control the burning speed
(b) Those and in used Smoke in Flares Signals. f'or illumination purposes,
HIGH EXPLOSI~S
4.
divided
INTRODUCTION.
into High explosives 3 classes :ror use in bombs may be
(a) Initiators, (b) Inte~ediary
Detonants or Primary Explosives or Booster Explosives
(c) Bursting Explosives. The explosive train in a bomb is a series or

steps by which energy is built up to explode the comparatively insensitive burster charge. The usual sequence is as rollovrs :(i) A DETONATOR containing a small quantity or sensi~ive detonant which is initiated either directly by pricking, or indirectly by the flash produced on pricking an ignirerous cap or detonator situated above it
Z'3
3.
-2 11OTEl :- Delays
introduced between the 19n1ferous c~ or

detonator and the detonant.
or BOOSTER EXPLOSIVE
These high initIated by are usually whose bulk the detonator. easily initiated is kept small for
in the explosive
train
are usually
(11)
An
INTERMEDIARY
whichls explos1ves explosives
safety reasons. They are much less sensitive to impact than the detonants but are
more sensitive than (111) below.
(1i1)
A BURSTER CHARGE. Bursting explosives are used as the main filling of bombs and
are relatively insensitive to impact, but are
initiated
intermediary.
by the impulse
transmitted
by the
(11.)
IN~TIATORS.
DETONANTS OR PRn~
E.,{PLOSIVE5.
5.
Chlorate tion of
DETONATING COMPOSITIONS and
CAP COllIPOSITIONS.
Mixtures of Mercury Fulminate, Potassium and Antimony Sulphide with or without the addiGunpowder, Sulphur or Powdered Glass.
Appearance:
Dark or light
grey crystalline
poINder.
Use: As these canpositions ---subjected to shock, either delay trains always pressed into cap. The flash is underlying gunpowder
produce a flash when they are used for igniting or detonants. They are some sort of percussion sometimes reinforced by an increment.
Sensitivity:
Very sensitive flame.
to friction,
shock or
6.
1IUJ:RCURY FULMINATE.
Appearance:
Use : ~!ainly ---becoming
Sensitivit~ :
White grey or brown crystalline

as an initiator in detonators less commonly used.
Extremely sensitive and friction. Will if exposed to flame. Stable Ignites
povlder
but is
to flame, impact always detonate and pressure.
Properties:
except for heat at 160 deg C.
Toxicity:
Extremely poisonous.
7.
~
LEADAZ1DE. AuP6arance : White to buff : An initiator crystalline powder. in detonators.
-3 Sensitivity: Sensitive to flame always of certain pact a striker. of and impact detonation ' but from not im-
Propertie~
: Very stable.
Explodes
at 320-390 deg C.
LEAD STYPmiATm. Appearance: ~ Pale yell~~ to red-brovm orystalline
powder.
: Commonly used, in oambination with Lead Azide, in gaine detonators under GeIman bomb fuzes. : Extremely Chemioally sensitive stable. to flame and impact.
Sensitiv!~~ Properties:
Ignites
at 255 deg C.
(B)
rnTER1tEDIARIES or
BOOSTER EXPLOSIVES.
9.
~
TETRYL (CE -Composition

Appearanc~
Exploding).
or pellets)
: Canary yellow cryst~line powder amorphous granules (pressed into
: Used in pressed form mainly as a booster because of its high detonating velocity and strength. (Sometimes used in Japanese detonator plugs.) Ignites and burns in small quantities but is readily detonated by Lead Azide and Mercury Fulminate
Insoluble boiling in water. water. Melting Does not point melt 129 under Deg C.
Sensitivity:
Properties:
Toxici~~ Remarks:
: Slight.
May cause
skin irritation. the best solvent. also suitable.
Acetone is probably Benzene and alcohol
POWDERED PICRIC ACID.
See para 14.
RDX (Cyclonite.
Appearance:
Use: -small As an
Hexa~en or T4).
finely crystalline appearance..
in 1/3
White chalky
substance
gaines banb).
with
and
intermediary bombs (e.g.
many Japanese Kg H.E. Cluster
Usually in the pressed form. SametUnes used in combination with TNT as a burster. Sensitivity:
Properties:
Acid or TNT.
Insoluble boiling in water.
More sensitive
to
1mpaot than
Piorio
melt 203 under deg C.
water. Does not Melting point
.tel"
8.
PET
N (Pentaerythritol
TetranitrateJ. crystalline powder.

in con-
A~earance
~
: Vvhite to greyish
: As an intermediary (e.g. by the Japanese sane shell gaines, and by the Germans in junction with a desensitising wax).
Sensitivity: Propertie~ Toxicity:
More sensitive : Insoluble des C.
to impact
than Tetryl. point 140
in vrater.
IHelt1ng
Not appreciable.
(C)
BURSTING
EXPLOSIVEfJ_8
TNT (Trinitrotoluene]. Appearance:

~
Usual colour
in the bomb is
in cast char~
light
straw
: May be used either (Cast -as a burster
or pressed f'orm. in same US,
Bri tish,
Sensitivity:
Gennan and Italian
bcmbs.)
to burns shock and quietly
Comparatively insensitive friction. If' ignited, in Bnlall quantities.

: Not soluble in water. 76-80.5 deg C. Melts liquid in boiling water. to
~roperties
Mel tinS point an oily
Toxicity:
May cause skin irritation in certain individuals. Inhaled fumes or dust produce a form of' jaundice.
(a) In the open it will burn without detonating ProVIDED that the quantity is NOT more than.would be extracted f'rom a 250 ~ bomb (i.e. 240-275 lbs of' explosive) and thinly spread. When f'illed can be END-fuzed entirely sometime bombs (fuzed) with TNT, the s almost wholly are filling burnt
Remarks:
(b)
out before detonated.
the
initiator
or booster (but
is
(c) Bomb may be trepanned (17) type fuze, if fitted, be inmunised).
a German should f'irst
(d) Bomb may be steamed-out

is NOT chemical softener should steam supply.
PROVIDEDfuze
soap into as a the
type. Soft be introduced
PICRIC ACID (Kn~m as LYDDITE vmen in cast

A"p"Pearance : A lemon Imparts yellovl crystalline a yellow stain to
form).
substance. everything
with which it
ccmes in contact.
13.
-5 ~ : In a bomb, may be used as a booster burster, or both. As a booster it or a is usually
in pressed powder form wra~~d in waxed pa~r. As a burster it may be in {i) preformed blocks of pressed powder, or (ii) cast in blocks, or (iii) cast in the bomb case. In (i) and (ii)
the blocks are usually wrapped in waxed pa~r and embedded in paraffin wax. Sensjtivi Properties: ty : More sensitive pact. -than TNT to direct Melting inhaled.
with all Es-
im-
Slightly soluble in water. point 120-121 deg C. and hamful if
Toxici t:v' : A weak poison

Remarks:
(a) :Forms dangerous netallic salts metals except aluminium and tin.
pecially dangerous with lead and iron. Most metallic picrates are pr1ma~ explosives; note sensitivity of Lead Picrate.
(b) In the open it may be burnt in QUANTITIES NOT EXCEEDING 25 lbs. SMALL Spread
in a ~
layer.
(0) Transport W$T when removing extracted explosi ve for destruction elsewhere.
(d) Bombs Lyddite) filled and with bombs Picric containing Acid (or a picric acid
core, should NEVER be burnt-out tion is p~actically certain.
as detona-
(e) Bomb may be trepanned PROVIDEDmethod laid down in BDTI D/20!62 is STRICTLY follOlved. (A German (17) type fuze, if' fitted, should first Qe inrnunised) (f) Bomb may be steamed-out by method laid down in EDTI D/20/62 and PROVIDED that a chemical type fuze is NOT fitted. Sodium oarbODate should b~ introduced into the steam supply.
HEXANITRODIPHENYLA}.cr~ ~d -T~1:!!*~~.ANISOL. (Abbrev:HEXANITE and ANISOL) Appearance: Distinguishable by its yellow colour imparted Stains the skin orange charge in the and 60% Anisol. intense by the yellow. orange Hexanite.
: As a bursting 40% Hexanite
proportion approx May be either bombs in operations between which have the waxed in
(a) Cast in the bomb case (Japanese the sections are cast in separate a felt and cardboard disc inserted fillings on assembly), or (b) In the paper.
form of pressed blocks wrapped in Sometimes ~he blocks are embedded
paraffin wax.
281
15.
6NOTE 2 :A booster, form, is consisting sometimes of a cylinder introduced as a of
this explosive in comppessed powder

tail core in some Japanese 250 Kg H.E. bombs. The cylinder is waxed-paper covered weighs 1 lb 15 ozs and measures 116t" length by li" diameter.
Sensitivity: Properties:
Ioxici_tx :
Slightly
more sensitive
to impact
than
TNT.
Vlill flow at 70 deg C and melts mush at about 80 deg C.
Contact with the skin causes severe titis to same individuals. Inhaled are harmfUl to the mucous membrane mouth and nose and to the lungs.
to a
dermafumes of the
Remarks:
(a) May be burnt in the TNT (see para 13).
open same as for

same as
(b) END-fuzed bomb may be burnt-out for TNT (see para 13).
(c) Bomb may be trepanned (a German (17) type fuze, if fitted, should first be imrmmised). (d) Bomb may be steamed-out
chemical softener type fuze is is necessary
PROVIDED a
No supply.
NOT fitted. in steam
!RINITROANlSOL. Appearance:
(Abbrev:
-ANISOL). substance in
A colourless
pure form. colour is
crystalline
As a burster in bombs, pale yelloVl and has a ory-
stalline ~
appearance.
: As a bursting charge usually in pressed block form (Japanese wrap blocks in waxed paper
with oloth, an outer layer and embed the of cotton-flannelette blooks in paraffin wax).
NOTE 3 : Anisol is also used as a constituent in Hexanite and Anisol. SeBsitivity:

Properties:
About same as Picric

Melts water. to an oily Melting liquid point
ACid.
under 68 deg hot C.
Toxicity: Remarks:
Is poisonous and g1ves'"rise to severe dermatitis in same individuals. (a) May be burnt in the open same as for Picric Acid (see para 14). (b) Burster charges should NOT be burntout. Will probably behave much the same as Picl'ic Acid. (0) Bomb may be trepanned (but a German (17) type fUze, if fitted, should first be inmunised).
16.
-7 (d) Banb may be steamed-out PROVIDED a chemical type fUze is NOT fi tted. No softener
is necessary in steam supply.
RDx.lTNT .
A~~earance : A whitish appearance. crystalline substance of hard
~:
RDX/TNT (approx. 50/50 mixture) may a burster in cast or block form (e.g. 30 Kg H.E. bomb in which tIle blocks paper wrapped).
be
used as Japanese are Wax-
Sensitivity: ~roJ;Jerties Toxicity: Remarks:
About equal : No details. As for
to
Picric
Acid
to impact.
TNT (see para 13). same as for

should fairly
(a) May be burnt in the o~n Picric Acid (see para 14).
(b) Bombs containing NOT be burnt-out certain. as
this filling detonation
is
(c) Bomb may be trepanned. Ge~an (17) type it must munised.

(d) Bomb may be is NOT chemical steamed-out type.
If first
fUze is be imfuze
PROVIDED
(e) No dangerous
reaction
with metals.
18.
A]!.OOOL.
These are a group of explosives containing AMMONIUM NITRATE and TNT in various proportions.
AJ>Pearance : Colour varies

~a ~
according
to proportion:-
b c ~
50/50 -slightly 60/40 -slightly 80/20 -about
lighter than TNT darker than TNT the colour of bro\7n sugar. (same US, British and
: As a burstin~ charge GeI'Inan b anb s )
Sensitivity:
Less sensitive to shock than Picric Acid. Need e f'ftcient inteI'Inediary plosive to ensure full detonation. Softens or melts (depending on oonstitut:!.on) about melting point of TNT.
ex-
Properties:
(Boiling water will melt Ammonium Nitrate readily) Toxicit~ Remarks: : Same as for TNT (see para
TNT and dissolve 13) co~ounds
(a) The mixture forms dangerous with tin and copper (b) The mixture
becanes heat-sensitive
after prolonged contact with moi~ture. Bombs which ha~e been in the ground for so~ time should NEVER be heated.
1.99
17.
( c) May be burnt
in the
o~n
same as for
Picric Acid (see para 14)

(d) Will behave much the same as TNT (see para 13) when burning-out ~m-fUzed bombs
( e) Bomb may be trepanned ~OVIDED the method as laid down for PICRIC ACID (see BIYl'I D/20/62) is STRICTLY followed. If fUze is a German (17) type, it must first be inrnunised. (f) Bombs must NEVERbe steamed-out. They may only be washed-out as laid dO?m in BIYl'I D/20/117, para 4.
E IN C., AM F.
BOMBDISPOSAL TECHN"ICALINSTRUcrrION. Dl'HODS roR REMOvmG BOMBFn..LINGS
REFERENCES:BM'I s .
E/SS/37 E/S1/109 D/SO/31 D/SO/49 -Sterilization -Trepanning -Precautions -Precautions of Jap Bombs, Use of Thermit Eqpt. and Steaming-out Plant Des III in the use of Steaming-out Eqpt. when Bandl1ng Explosives
D/SO/57 D/SO/6S 1.
(a)
-Explosive -Precautions FOREViORD.
Fillings in Bombs when Steaming-out
Picric
Fillings
~erm1ssible cases in frOOl a bOOlb are when (i)
W~lch
fillings
may
be
removed
for some reason a bomb, either with or without fUze/a, cannot be moved but must be sterilized where it lies (11) for some sufficient reason it is NOT desirable to destroy the bomb by blowing it up (iii) salvage of bomb cases and/or fuzes, and samples of' filling are required for research or other necessary reasons
(iv)
training
purposes.
s for e in acas set
(b) Vlhen it is necessar to remove bomb fillin reasons stated above, method adopted should cordance with a number of governing factors
out in TABLE 1. I~THODS OF REliIOVALAND FA~ORS AFFECTING REMQVAL

2. TABLE 1 lists the approved methods and conditions under which each method applies. AnY method involvin~ the application of heat must NEVER be usedonao-OOlo retaining a chemIcal long delay type fUze, or on a bOOlb containing a stemmed ammonal filling.
to in The following Col 2 :methods are described in BDTIs referred
SER. SER. SER. SER. 3.
1 2 3 6
-Trepanning -Steaming-out -Steaming-out -Burning-out
and Steaming-out through a base filling with i~rovised eqpt. with therm1t.
hole
~~~-~ _;_SIMPLE1!ETHODS FOR BOIIIBSHAVING DETACHABL~ SECTION_S.
As a general rule, DEFUZED bombs having easy detachable sections (i.e. removable base-plates, or nose pieces) should be dealt with simply by unscrewing the detachable portion and then applying steam (or boiling water) externally around the metal of' the separated portions with the object of softening the outer skin of' a cast f'illing or, in the case of' block fillings, the paraf'fin wax packing, and so permitting the mass to drop out or be eased out. If'the mass fails to COOle out easily then methods (a), (b) or (0) below should be employed. Samettmes a base-plate or a nose section is difficult to budge. In this case a steam jet played on the bomb casing all around near the thread ivill soften the luting or cement on the thread.
.%.,/1
-2 Test from or section time to time with a wrench to see if the plate is eased in order to ensure that no more heat
is employedthan is necessary.
guiding
possible. (a) Cast fillin~s. Expel
In applying heat, the

down as low as
or meltby steaming-out
principle
is
to keep temperatures
inSFOu~1;helexplosive by suspending the ~ortion of the bomb in a drum of boiling lno fire under)
(b) B 00 fillin s in or dismantled by melting-out sections. the under)
type blocks. bombs,
separated water
Expel
by means of a je
hand attachment,
of steam us ng an portion
fire water
in
rovised
explosive
by suspending
a d~
(c) Block force to
the separated
(no
base-opiate complete
of the bomb in
using
of
boiling
fillin~s push out
the
ward, then playa jet of steam all round the bomb body to soften the paraffin wax packing. Through the nose fuze
only with the flat end
Temporarily wooden plug,
plug the nose fuze opening with tilt the bcrnb with nose slightly
a up-
opening
exert
rod
firm
of
pressure
slightly
of a wooden
less
diameter
than the fuze
opening
(a broom handle
and eject the If the blocks do the nose open-
is suitable) against the end blook blocks through the base opening. not budge or move with ease, re-plug infI and repeat the steam operation.
ON NO ACCOUNT must the banb be subjected

blows, ended 4. the blocks tapped wooden ram used. out or other than use
to
a flat-
S~5~-JMPROVISED WASHING-OUT (For having STEMr.rED IJ,IJ,IONAL fillings.
on bombs
STEMMED Al,1MONAL fillings

out (see BDTI D/20/31). Provisional
must NEVERbe steamed

methods of removal
are
:(a) \Vhere water

by washing-out water (b) Vfuere water the with
in sufficient
the supply filling is Boiling
quantity
with a jet
is
of
available,
COLD the
l1m~ted, water
by dissolving must
filling in WARM water. It must be possible to comfortably immerse the hand in the water as it
enters filling bcrnb. NOT be used.
(c) Where no vlater After
is
available,
spade
by removing
or scoop.
the
a wooden
the stemmed filling
has been removed by
one of the above methods, any cast TNT which has been in contact with the stemmed filling should be disposed of by removing the bomb to a suitable
safe
area and blowing
i t up.
TABLE .
tier I
No.
METHODS OF REMOVAL
TYPE OF
SUITABLE CONDITIONS FORM OF TYPE OF FIIJ..ING FILLING BOMB CASE
a hole in !bomb case and steaming-lout filling by remote control See E!21/109
All lalown types EXCEPr

I STEW/lED AMMONAL
the banb whic h are

not easily detachable (See NOTE
Cast
in
Casings
1)
As for
As for SER. 1
SER. 1
GERMAN type 'wi th easil.v

removable filling plug
ISteaming-out,
using improvised Hand Attachment See D/20/31
IAS for
Ser.
Separately wrapped blocks
Any type
methods for detachable bomb cases (para 3 rei'ere)
AS forSER. Any form 1
Base-plate type, or casings fairly easily dis mantled (See NOTE 2) lB for
!; only
ImprOViSed See para
\'{ashing-out and NOTE
below
6 IBurning-out with mit See E/22/37,
I
STEmmD IM.'I1I>NAL
rorm
Any form
Any
SER.
All known TherNOTE 3 JAP types EXCEPl' PICRIC ACID
type
belo'N
NOTE 1.
where
It
may be necessary
are method NOT easily SER.
to use this
removable,
method on bombs
and the if ~isk of
base-plates But
jarring
NOTE 2.
the bomb is NOT permissible.

1 may be necessary conditions
as in NOTE 1 obtain. NOTE 3.

pletebomb
For use on defUzed bombs. for recovery

at least
This
method does NOT allow

as partial detonation
of oommayooour.
oases,
For the same reason its use is restr1oted to tasks WHERE RISK OF FULL OR PARTIAL DETONATIONCAN BE ACCEPTED(See
para 1 (a) (1).
NOTE4.
For use on defuzed bomb$ only.
.1'13
I~ ! ,Simple I !Trepanning
E inc.,
AM F.
OOMB DISPOSAL
TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION
DISPOSAL OF GAS BO1ffiS AND MISSILES
1.
ABBREVIATIONS US~~.
UXB -Unexploded UXGAS -Unexploded high explosive bomb gas bomb or missile
.OW
GIO AlGAS
-Chemical
Warfare
Of'f'icer (Civil)
-Gas Identification -Anti-Gas.
2.
INrRODUCTIOll.
3e
TACTICAL USE OF GA..

(a) S~pr~se -Gas should cause NO casualties to bomb disposal personnel' unless they are taken completely by surprise. Heavy low spray or other contamination vrith blister gas may complicate disposal of UXBs but should not interfere seriously therewith. (b) Har~ssin!l effect on morale. Vlhen work is to be done in cont~inated areas, inconvenience and d1scanfort is bound to be caused by having to work in respirators and perhaps protective clothing. A high standard of training in the use of AlGas equipment will reduce inconvenience to a minimum.
Careful administration of the work and imaginative attention to detail can do much towards reduction of discomfort and ensure welfare of those working. The morale of bomb disposal personnel can be maintained by the RAE offic~r in charge understanding the effects and limitations of the use of gas.
(c) Delay~!lgas would

Gas not has would cause been
effe1. be used
in
It is logical conjunction
to w1th
expect that HE bombs.

but if the should Unit
delay repair and rescue work, delay to disposal operations well trained in A!Gas routine.
4.
RESPONSIBILITIES. i...
(a) Gas missiles form of (i (i1 (iii dropped by aircraft may be in the
A canister without a fuze, A bomb fuzed to fUnct1~ in the air, A bomb fuzed to function on impact, charged with either blister or choking
or and gas.
a~r
-2
A canister
will
no~ally
burst
open on impact
very soft it will condition, o~ RAE. proits The
with the sur~ace except perhaps in ground, and even in the latter case bably be ~ound leaking. In either treatment is not the responsibility
same applies
to gas bombs from vrhich gas is

upon to
issuwith be
ing except that RAE may be called a fuze i~ necessary. (b) I~ whilst digging down to excavation and the i~ it De~ence by (i)
deal to
a bomb believed should incident be lightly reported if area, in
an unexploded finds that it
HE banb the responsible RAE Officer is a gas bomb which has fUnctioned,
toor a may
the bottan o~ the covered with earth (i) (ii) for be. HQ Formation, Local Civil Civil area further action
is a military Authorities, or (ii),
as the
case
Buried gas bombs may sometimes be diagnosed as having fUnctioned by signs o~ contamination at the mouth o~ or in the hole o~ entry, or by emission
o~ gas (c) ~rom the hOle the itsel~ as digging progresses. for dealing TABLE 1 defines responsibilities
with gas canisters and bombs under the several ditions in which they may be found. TABLE 1
con-
5.
content
IDENTIFICATION OF GAS CONTENTIN INTACT MISSILE. On occasions

in an intact
\~hen identification
is required, the
of the gas
responsible
missile
RAE officer should first remove or make safe any fUze which may be fitted and then pass the missile to the Technical Officer C\V or GIO (Civil), for fUrther action. 6. NOR!l1AL DISPOSAL OF UNBURIED INTACT GAS r,nSILES.
(a) Renderin~ safe. remove-the-I'\lzeor visable) in the For fuzed gas render it safe prescribed manner bombs, either (as deemed adfor the particu-
lar
fUze found
fitted.
-3 (b) Transportatio~. missile to a suitable

f'loor damp of the earth. vehiole If it
If
is
neoessary to transport site for destruction,

should be suspected oovered that
the the place
with 8" of its seams~
are
strained
and may leak,

attach a suitable handling. (Gas
if
practioable,
in an empty receptacle
otherwise facilitate
suoh as a 40 gl.
drum,
to a
rope or wire sling bombs too large for
40 gl. drum are not like ly to be used.) If leakage occurs during transit dump all contaminated
material bomb. into the excavation whioh receives the
The above applies to bombs charged with liquid vesicant. Leakage fran bombs oharged with ohOking gas (i.e. phosgene, oauses no contamination diphosgene but respirators or prussic must acid) be
worn during
(c) Destruction. excavation
handling.
Normal has been method filled of in. disposal is to
bury the missile burst the oasing

the
in an excavation with an explosive
8 ft deep and oharge AFTER
7.
NO
(a) Renderinr;. proceed safe
.
as in
F BURIED INTACT GAS MISSILES

transportation. If handling,
for
transpor{a'f:ion
sary,
and destructIon
para 6 (a),
elsewhere
(b) and
are neces(c) above
(b) Destruotion in situ. Only in open oountry may intact missiles be destroyed in situ with an explosive charge APTER the excavation has been filled in PROVIDEDthe lie and (ii) para 9, tained. (i) of the items bomb is (d), (e), at (f) least and 8 ft (g) deep, are ob-
8.
EMERGENCY DISPOSAL OF INTAaJ! GAS MISSILES.

Under emergenoy oonditions, the following steps
may be taken
measures (a) onlz.
to dispose
of intaot
gas missiles
as temporarY
BuryinJ1.. (i) (ii) Fuze (if .t'1tted) to to be removed. nearest uninhabited board inscribed
Remove missile
the
area and bury

(iii) Mark the later spot
it
3 ft
with
below ground.
a notioe
"UXGAS" and record

permanent
the
incident
(In
with
oivil
a view to
areas, a
disposal.
reoord
Defenoe (b) Dumpin~ Where
should
in the
also be kept by the local

sea. to (preferred the sea, to intaot (a)
Civil
above)
Authorities.)
convenient in
missiles
should
then
first
be defuzed
deep water.
(if
a fuze
is
fitted)
and river,
dumped
lake, harbour or other inland wate~.

will be STRICTLY followed in respect
They should
NOT be dumped in any oreek,

of
This Fule
the whole
of the mainland
of AUSTRALIA.
.1.17
-4 9. SUITABLE SITESFORDESTRUCTIONGAS OF ArrSSILES.
All the foll~ring points determine the suitabili ty of permanent sites for the destruction of gas bombs in civil areas. Most of them also apply for forvlard Base Areas:(a) Location too distant
(b) of up
to be outside inhabited areas (but not because of transportation problems).

a road (if track which weight). possible, will bear by the side vehicles
Accessible from a made road or to 4 tons laden
(0) Not liable difficulties

(d) At water least supply. 1/4
to flooding at certain
mile from
(beoause of excavation periods of the year).

a well used for domestic
(e) Not within reservoirs. (f)
1/4 mile
of
the
edge
of
storage
Sufficiently far no damage to mains bombs underground. ample safe distance.
from water mains to ensure that can be caused by exploding Normally, 50 yds should be
(g) 'Nhere a water supply is drawn ~rom underground sources, the site should not be immediately above the supply channels nor within 200 yds of known
or suspected
(h) Clay or the burial
fissures.
are more suitable than sandy soils. for
gravel subsoils of gas missiles
AlIIEND~NTS
E IN C., AM F.
BOMBDI SPOSAL TECHNICAL INSTRUarION.
ISSUED
20 DEC 43 INCENDIARY !!.A'l'ERIALS
'l'REATMEl'iT
OF
IWI'l'ED
1.
for
~NTRODUOTIO~.
obtaining ~n~mai~_Incendiary incendiary agent actfon-rs-ganerallY used in bombs, eitheretc.,
~A ~ a metallic
B C
substance (e.g. electron) an inflammable oil, or white (or yellow) phosphorus
Though (A), (B) and (c) may vary as regards composition of mixture and form in which used, the incendiary reaction is always that of the ~ajn incendiary a~e~ and it is easily identifiable. Because var1ous
that first strange be form the identified, or shape of
of
used
is should some
to
essential
combat
the types
reaction
d1fi'erent methods of incendia~y

of especially missile. tbe main when
which materials,
incendiary encountered
must it
be
agent in
The following notes give a guide whereby the reaction of the main incendiary agent may be recognised, and describe basic principles proper for treating that particular agent and therefore employed to extinguish the ignited bomb, missile, material, etc., and localize its effectiveness. NOTE 1 : -These (a) special personnel (b) notes precautions attachment of do not for resultant take into account etc., with an anti-
bombs,
extinguishing iA)
conflagrations. SUBSTANCE~
.~.
..
-lvlETALLIC
ELECTRON METALC~INGS.
3.
(a)
~!l'ALLIC
SUBSTANCES INGREDIENTS IN MIXTURES. ~S

As a mixture (for binding of the an in:f'lannnable mass) and into rubberit is
How used. like material }>ressed either-
(i)
a modified thermit consisting o~ se}>arate particles of aluminium an~ magnesium (e. g. incendiary material described in BDTI B/4/11, NOTE 3)
or
(-i1) particles of' eleotron metal (e.~. material desoribed in BDTI B/4/99).
inCendiary
.2"
-2~
(b) Identif1Qat1Qll.
the but proportion will range
and kind of metallic ingredients between a slow and quiet burning
The mixtupe b~pns according to

as
for
(i)
above to a fierce
yellow light as for
to
spluttering
(ii) above.
Vfith a off but denn~
whitish
In all
sity the varies binding
cases a BLACK SMOKEis

according material. proportion
given
and
nature
4.
TREATMENT.
(a) Vlhenever possible, combustible material, (b)
(c)
gather up or rake otherwise/and
clear
of
Smother \vith
kept wet),
jet 2) of
sand, dirt
or
water with
or numerous wet mats

stirrup pump or hose
(and
Play on (see NOTE
(d)
Localize
its
effectiveness pavts
by removing
inflam-
mable material
frcxn the vicinity

to
and play
prevent merely
hose on
surrounding structural f'rcxn spreading. NOTE g :-
flames causes it
Water spra.ved on electron to burn more fiercely.
5.
PERSONAL PROTECTION.
thoroughly before approaching an fiercely throwing off burning a mat, hold it level with the is not necessary to approach nearer
Wet clothes electron body which is fragments. \Vhen using eyes as a shield. It than 3 ft.
~(B) -INFLAJ.rnABLE
OILS
6.
(a)
OIL MIXTURES.
How used. InflaImlable oil'mixtures are most likely to be contained within the casing of an ordinary bomb in jelly-like or semi-solid form bulk. Ignition occurs within the bomb
in
(b) Identification. The mixture is emitted as a burning oily liquid with a BRIGHT RED FLAME and gi ving off dense clouds of' BLACK SMOKE. It may
flow round out by of a burst explosion of bomb the case or bomb. be splashed all
7,
TREATMENT .
(a) A burning mass may quickly become a maj or conflagration, in which case fire fighting appliances will be required. If reached iduals should extinlJUisher dirt or mats. 9dges. (b) Splashes similarly flagration. in the early stages, hovrever, indivtreat the material with a band foam (if' available) or smother \vi th sand, For pools of oil, first tackle the oil link should be dealt with up and form a maj or
of burning before they
con-
(c) Localize its effectiveness by removing mable materials from the vicinity, and on the surrounding structural parts to
flames from spreading.
inflamplay a hose prevent
-3
8. PRECA!!r I ON.
Be carefUl
mixture cause as rlater spreading will of the
NOT to play
riot extinguish burning material.
water
it
on any burning
but will merely
oil
.LQ)
VmITE
(OR YELLOW) PHOSPHORU~
:i.
(a)
~]'1B CHARGED WHITE PHOSPHORU..

How used. case may-~e A special charged white seam1ess phosphorus and sealed bomb in solidified
form.
(b) !-~~~ti~.iQa~.ioE.
charge, th~ to pnosphorus
On bursting
is scattered
of bomb by a burster
from small
pieces
posure material
to povlder.
the upon
It
spontaneously
ignites
on exwill
cause a dense CLOUDOF '{mITE S1i!OKE.
air and will ignite \\r!lichit lodges.
combustible The spread
~L
PELLETS \~IITH PIfOSPHORUS FIL~. The material may be used as a filler

missiles housed 32 Kg Incendiary withbomb)
(a) HOVI used.
innumerous small hollolv steel in, a bomb case (e.g. Japanese
(b) ~d~~,t!f!cation.
On bursting
of bomb by a sub-
stantial burster charge the missiles are scattered and penetrate as shrapnel. The phosphorus spontaneously ignites on exposure to the air, emits a
jet
of flame
from the missile,
gives
off VmITE SMOKE
and ignites
combustible
material
contacted.
Rt,J:BBER PELLETS IMPREGNATED PHOSPIfORU.

(a) How used.
nated disulphide wIth a and
Numerous
solution housed of in
small
white an
rubber
ordinary
pellets
and bomb
impregcarbon (e.g. case
phosphorus
Japanese 50 Kg, Types 97 and 0, Incendiary

(b) ~d~ijt!ficatiQB. stantial burster On charge bursting of the pellets bomb are
bombs)
by a subscattered
and ignite immediately upon drying out. with a flame 4"-,6" high at low temperature,
Each burns gives
off' a GREY mrOKE, and a smell PISCS (OR LEAVE~t.
of burning
rubber.
(a) HO?1use~. Numerous discs (or leaves) ranging in size bet\'leen 4" x 3" to 9" x 6", and generally composed of a layer of soft rubber, coated one side VIi th \'lhi te phosphorus. These are normally carried in the aircraft packed in water within a container (b) Identification. The phosphorus rubber. spontaneously
ignites
a smell
on-drylng-out,
Of burning
giving
off a GREY ~iIOKE, and
TREATMENT.
(a) Gather otherwise/and up, or rake clear of combustible material,
(b) Smother 'i'rith sand, (c). Extinguish

a wet
dirt
or vIet mat, of' ?later,
or or beat out with
\vith
a spray
fire-beater-
301
13. 12. 11. 10.
4(d) Localise its effectiveness by removing inflammable material surrounding spreading, NOTE 3 :fran structural the vicinity parts to and play hose on prevent fire from
Effectiveness of isolated ignited phosphorus is somewhat less than electron as its combustion is campa~atively slow and ~uiet, enabling better opportunity to control the
fire
in the early
stages.
14.
PRECAUT IONS. (a) As phosphorus (i) btwns when dry -
after extinguishing, gather up and keep submerged in water until burnt in a safe place
water will flow phosphoru~ into cracks in floor boards, etc., and contaminated material may ignite same time after phosphorus has
been fore removed. necessary Continual inspection is there-
(ii)
(b) vVhen using a hose, phorus pellets, etc., the force of water
be carefUl not to into inaccessible
drive ~hosplaces by up
(c) Some contaminated surfaces can be cleaned with dirt or mopping. Inflammable material
should be washed with a solution of copper sulphate (t lb of copper sulphate, i.e. bluestone, to 1 gl of water) or scrub with paste of calcium carbonate, i.e. whiting.
(d) Use metal implements for preference. Keep inflammable implements wet V/hilst sweeping or gathering phosphorus. Thoroughly -wash them immediately after use ~nd temporarily leave in the open.
PERSONAL PROTECTION. As phosphorus will cause severe burns -
(a) Do NOT allovi it to contact the ski~ or clothing. If skin becomes contaminated, keep the effected surface wet until roodical attention is obtained. (b) Viear viet gloves, if available, and wet. Be carefUl not to contaminate faces per medium of the boots. (c) Keep contaminated removed and treated phate. keep boots other surit can be copper sul-
clothing wet until with a solution of
(d) V/ear the service
respirator
as protection
to work in long periods.
for
heavy
the eyes and lungs if necessary clouds of phosphorus smoke for
15.
E IN 0., AM F.
BObIB DISPOSAL
ISSUED 20 DEO43
TYPES OF CAMOUFLETS AND SAli'mty PRECAUTIONS
lAJ
TYPES OF CMJOUFLE!g
1.
I~RODUCTIO1'!.
a a
A camouflet (underground chamber) may be formed v{hen a bomb penetrates the ground and explodes at depth too great to displace the grouno- above and so form crater. When a camouf'let occurs, it is nomally formed by a small bomb up to 100 Kg. Larger bombs generally
form craters
'!Jenetration (e.g. coral). is
but 250 Kg bombs often

very deep in ground of
form camouflets
a porous nature
v{hen
Camouflets 2. .n-PE ~. The (See most
are Fig
grouped 1)
in
3 types
(A,
B and
C)
related
this case
to the deepest
the shear
shallow
type
of
type
oamouflet
of'
oamouflet
(TYPE C) but
The
is
closely
in but
platforms
are
vertical.
ground
is formed colour in dia-
contained
between the shear platforms
may be disrupted
not completely ejected, so that a heap of debris The debris will normally be sub-soil, lighter in than the surrounding soil, in a heap up to 10 ft meter for a 100 Kg bomb. . "The heap may disclosing subsequently the vertical
chamber,
thus
collapse into shear platforms
the
which
up till
then
are obscured.
3.
TYPE ~.
(See Fig 2)
If the shaft of
the entry
bomb has may still
offset far be visible.
before exploding, but may be par-
tially collapsed and blackened. The camouflet mound will be of same texture as the surrounding ground (e.g. covered with grass). The mound caused by a 100 Kg bomb may be up to 10 ft in diameter and 2 ft high. Similar mounds may
be caused by some types of incendiary bombs vrhich have a comparatively high HE charge (e.g. German Sprengbrand C.50) 4. 'J.'YPEC. (See It'ig 3)
In the case of the deepest type of camouflet there may be no indication whatever on the surface that a camouflet has been formed. The shaft of entry of the bomb may still be visible but will be blocked with s011 at its lower end, probably to the point where the tail of the bomb broke off should this happen.
5.
DANGER CAVE-IN. OF
Dangerous gases
and these become trapped in the has been diagnosed, the g1'ound should be kept roped 01' lightly have been expelled and the
as the result of explosion chamber. Once a camouflet surface immediately above fenced off until the gases
(carbon
monoxide)
are
formed
JO,
-2
ground cave-in directly 6.
filled in and made good, in order to prevent a under weight of personnel or vehicles passing over it. , PROBING .AHEAD OF EXCAVATION.
(a) A suspected TYPE A camouflet may firmed by probing from the surface. often be conWhen doing
so, always a cave-in.
wear
a life-line
as there
is
danger
of
(b)
During excavation, early \1arning of a camouflet can be obtained by probing ahead of digging. The path of the bomb should be constantly probed. In addition, the base of the excavation should also be probed to avoid digging into, and collapse of, a camol'.flet roof. An earth auger might be found useful in some types of ground.
(B)
7.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
EVIDENCE OF A CAMOUFLET (DURING EXCAVATION).

When the bypresence of a camouflet is detected
during
!j
b a c d
excavation
blackening splinters
ofof bomb casing, soil, presence of CO gases, welling of water is noof probe, or
Detectors ITP indicating a noise of bubbling or ticed following withdrawal
then the Safety Precautions detailed below should be observed immediately, as there.is a definite danger to personnel. A little further excavation, carefully undertaken, may sometimes be necessary to establish the fact that a camouflet has actually been produced.
8.
SAFETYPRECAUTIONS DJi.VrAILED.
(a) IN EVERY EXCAVATION, and especially in the case of smaller bombs, a life-line secured at the surface and with a loop tied in its lower end, should hang down to facilitate escape or, if necessary, rescue work~ (b) ~lhen evidence indicates the presence of a camouflet all personnel should at once leave the excavation. Any man feeling the effect of CO gas must be iwnediately taken to the surface and there treated, NOT in the excavation (c) Before work is recmMrenced the air in the excavation should be tested with the Detector ITP to make sure that there is no danger to personnel. It may be sorne hours or days before it is safe to enter the excavation unless wearing APPARATUS BREATHING.
NOTE 1.
Remember protection
that the against
service respirator carbon-monoxide.
gives
NO
(d) If it is necessary to re-enter an excavation, all men in the excavation must wear life-lines and sufficient men must be at the surface to pull those working to safety if they are overccxne. Life-lines should be tied tightly round the chest immediately under the arm-pits with a bowline
-3
(e) An unconscious
(i)
side lashing,
man should
tied
with
be roped
a bowline,
belt or
either
round
his
with
a loop,
with
a
chest;
of
his
his or
arms sho~d
body
then be pinioned
short length
to the
of
(ii)
with a bowline on a bight, one loop arms and one behind the knees. (This
under the method is
not suitable
small 9. hole.)
if
a man is
to be pulled
through
fJY)IIPI'OMS OF CO POISONI~~.
First si~s vision of poisoning followed by are giddiness, vomitpal-
ing
and
indistinct
breathlessness,
pitation
and collapse.
Loss
of
muscular
power
often
prevents
a man from wi thdrawing
fr<Xn danger.
The face
may be leaden, pale, moist with perspiration or pink with vivid carmine lips. Loss of consciousness may be very rapid and death follows unless a man is removed quickly.
10.
FIRSTAID. --
10S
TYPICAL
REFER E IN C B.D. T I
D /20 /29
BErORE
AND ArTER
COLLAPSE
SHALLOW CAMOUFLET
lieU
~Jl
AT
INTERMEDIATE
DEPTH
TYPE C
&lll
DEEP
CAtviOUF"LET
ILGJY
PROBING
NOT
DURING
TO SCALE
EXCAVATION
E IN C.,
A M F.
BOMB DISPOSAL
lEAKING
CAMOUFLETS
SAFE
1.
TO DESTROY V/ITH EXPLOSIVES.
for
shallow
the
The
oamouflets,
following
vihere the use of explosives

is permissible (see until
method
is
suitable,
espeoially Fig it
to
1).
destroy
camouflet
chamber
(a) Bore breaks valent)
a hole (e.g. ~iith earth auger) into the crO\'ffi of the camouf'let
(b) Sus~nd
in
a prepared
the bore
ror
charge
hole
every
of Gelignite
2 in.
1 ft
(or equithe
about
above
of
cro\~
1 lb. hole
of the cavity.
of explosive (see Fig 1)
The char~
\',eight
depth
should
bore
be
(c)
and fill
Tamp the
the camouflet
Fig 2)
distance be taken
charge
and fire.
chamber forming
This
should
a surface
for
collapse
crater
(d) The purpose
(see
safety may
for light as 30 yds.
buildings
this
2.
TO EXPEL CO GASES BEOORE EXCAVJ\.TIN~. ~lhere the use of explosives

to excavate. In order to avoid the men being gassed during the process it is to clear the camouflet ohamber or carbonThis can be effected as ro11ows :until it Then
it is necessary possibility of advisable first monoxide gas. (a) Bore breaks
is NOT permissible
a hole (e.g. with earth auger) into the orovm or the camouflet. with
bl~'i
out the gas 'Ni th compressed air,
and test
Detectors
for
absence of carbon-monoxide gas I.T.P. (Indicator Test Paper).
(b) 1\1terna~i~el~y
(see b'ig 3),
bore trio holes
into
the camouflet chamber. This should chamber and release most of the gas. can be accelerated by inserting two
ventilate the The process tubes into the
bore from
be
holes, one facing to\'/.ards and the other a\'/.ay the prevailing viind. The camouflet Bhould
for is absence started. of carbon-monoxide gas before
tested
excavation
3.
PRECJ\U'l' IONS.
(a) &\11 men working operations should over the oanlouflet vrear life lines. on the above
(b) Safety precautions when excavating for camouflets are detailed in BDTI D/20/29, and methods of artificial respiration in BIYl'I D/20/125
(c)
Camouflets
off and
and suspected
frequently
oamouflets
inspected until
should be
made safe.
roped
307
MAKING
CAMOUFLETS SAFE.
(Diagrammatic Sketches)
BEFOm;EXPLODmgCHARGE.
fiG 2.
PROBABLE CRA'l'ER FORMED --AFTER 'EXPLODING CHARGE Bends ~
--
Air Inlet
fiG 3.
Pipes
Auger Holes
Cavity
VENTILATION
OF CAVITY
!.
BOMB DISPOSAL
TECImICAL INSTRUCTION.
E IN C., AMP.
ISSUED 20 DEO43
A1?l'IFICIAL RESPIRA'l'ION
FORE\VQ~. , The 1'ollo\'ring notes refer to methods 01' artificial piration 01' personnel gassed by carbon monoxide (BDTI re1'ers) and in cases Of electrocution and dro,min,'l.
resD/20/29
~_RONE PRESSURE
(SCHAEFER)
lIIETHO~
direct1'ace the nose
1. Lay the patient on his belly, one al"rrl extended lyoverhead, the other aloin bent at elbow and with the turned out\7al'd and resting on hand or forearm so that and mouth are 1'ree 1'or breathing (see figure 1).
2. placed you to
Kneel straddling the patient's thighs, \vith your knees at such a distance from the hip bones as will allow asswne the posi tion sho\m in 1'igure 1.
Place the palras 01' the hands on the small 01' the back vii th fingers resting on the ribs, the little 1'inger in natural position, and the tips 01' the fingers just out of
sight 1,and with 2). the thumbs parallel and nearly touching (see figs.
3. Wi th arms held straight, svTinZ forv/ard slo\vly so that the \7eight 01' the body is graduall~r bl"ought to beal' ul1on the pa'tient. The shoulder should be dil'ectly over the heel 01' the hand at the end 01' the forvlard swing (see rigul'e 2). Do not bend your elbo\vs. This operation should take about t\VO
seconds. 4. Now inmediately SVTing back\vard pressure completely (see figure 3).
5. After deliberately movement of
so as to
remove
the
two seconds, svling forwara again. twelve to fifteen tinleS a minute compression and release, a canplete
the
Thus repea~ double respiration
in
four
or
five
seconds.
respiration is restored (if until a doctor WitQout interruption necessar~r for one declares the patient
6. Continue artificial until natural breathing two hours or lon~r) or dead.
or
7.
stal'ted loosen waist. whatever
J'l.S soon
as this
artificial
respiration
has
been
and while it is being continued, an assistant should any tight clothing about the patinet's neck, chest and KEEP TIIE PATIENT WARM. Do not give any liquids by mouth until the patient is fUlly conscious.
8. To avoid strain on the heart when the patient revives, he should be kept lying down and not allowed to stand or sit up. If the doctor has not arrived by the time the patient has revived, he should be given some stinIUlant, such as one teaspoon~l of aranatic spirits of anDnonia in a small glass
of water, be or kept a hot warm. drink of coffee or tea, etc. The pati~nt shOUld
9. Resuscitation should be carried on at the nearest possible point to where 'the patient received his injuries. lIe should not be removed !'rom this point until. he is breathing no~]lally of his own volition and then moved only in a ly1~ position. Should it be necessary, due to extreme weather r;; conditions etc. to move the patient before he is breathing no~nallY that he l resusoi s being tation moved. should be cul'ried on during the time
.lD,.
-a 10. A brief retllrn of natural respiration is not a certain indicat~on for stopping the resuscitation. Not inf're~uently the patient, af'ter a temporary recovery of respiration, stops breathing again. The patient lmlst be watched and if natural breathing stops, artificial respiration should be resumed at once. 11. In carrying out resuscitation it may be necessary to change the operator. This change must be made vrithout losing the rhytmn of' respiration. By this procedure no confusion !'esults at the time of change of operator and a regula!' rhythm is kept up.
NOTES.
(a) the AlternativelY patient the operator may kneel ~t the side of'
(b) Care must Or children

(c) If patient inclined at
be taken especially with very not to exert too much pres~re

is placgd about 30
Qld people
to
on a door 01' table which is the horizontal with head
lower than This will fluid from (d) Make sure
the f'eet it is advantageous. i~rove circulation and help air passages. air-way is not blocked
in
draining
by tongue
(e) If patient has recently had abdominal operation (or is a vroman in the later stages of pregnancy) or has other injury which would render prone pressure method dangerous, the supine (or back) method of'Silvester should be used In this method the patient is laid on the back with arms bent and elbows resting partly on the lower part of the chest. The operator, who kneels beyond the patient's head, grasps the patient's elbows and extends the arms beyond the patient's head through a vertical arc, (straight up and over) The patient's a!'ms are then ~eturned to the fo!'mer position by following the reverse direction, and expiration aided by moderate pressure of' the arms against the chest. (f') Patient should be lcept wa!'m
of
In severe poisoning body te~erature. tion should be given patient.
there may be great reduction In such cases artificial respirawith a blanket covering the
(g) Artificial slightest inade~uate (h)
!'espiration suspicion that
should be used if the!'e the patient's breathing
is is
the
Artificial respiration must be continued for hours (even up to 10 hours and the!'efore relief's for operators are necessary) or until patient is pronounced dead by a doctor
-3
ADMINIST~I!QN
12. value
QF OXYGEN COMBIW...,D WITH

utmost It
ARTIFICIAL RESPI~ION
in
The administration cases of carbon
of oxygen is of the monoxide gas poisoning.
drives
more
out the
~uickly
carbon monoxide from the blood

air.
five
times
than
13. The APPARATUS REVIVING is provided pose, so that \7herever this eqpt (together supply) is available, it should be used in
for this uurwith oxygen combination
with 14. after
the prone pressure

above.
method of artificial
respiration
described
Oxygen should still be administered for same time natural breathing has fairly begun and artificial
has been discontinued. ThiH bas the ertect
respiration
of lessening
poisoning will more
the
s.everity
of the after-ertects
of gas
patient
-headache, giddiness, etc., and the rapidly recover the use of his legs.
15.
tails
(a) tus
J.tETHOD USE. OF
of Apparatus
all are
(Refer
to BIYl'I E/21/85
connections of the
for
de-
Reviving)
joints and airtight in prone Schaefer Appara-
See that Revivina
(b) Place patient above describing
position method)
(see
directions
(c)
Making
sure
that
the
Fine
Adjustment
Valve
is
closed,
provided (d) Apply
open Main Cylinder

the Mask to Adjustment the
Valve
with
face,
the Key Wheel

securing fill (g) in
patient's Valve quickly
position
by means of the Rubber IIaness provided.

to as in Breath-
(.e) Open Fine see (f) that this
ing Bag, thus
admitting
valve is
oxygen to the patient

controlled Respiration as described
(but
below) above,
Commence Artificial
and continue
begun
same until
natural
bre~thing
has fairly
so through-
(g) See that Fine Adjustment that the Breathing Bag is
Valve is kept well
controlled distended
out the period (h) Continue

mins after and artificial NOTE (i):
during
which
oxygen is
administered about 10 to 15
to administer
oxygen for
natural breathing respiration Adjustment
has been fairly restored has been discontinued. Valve serves both as a
The Fine
control and as a r:1eter for estiltating the volume of breathing, so that tl1.6 supply of oxygen can be adjusted to any volume.
~II
E IN C.,
A }.! F.
BOMB DISPOSAL
TECImICAL INSTRUCTION.
PROTECTIVE
WORKS
INTRODUCTIO~.
yet been Japanese MTP 45 (1941) (re-printed 13 Apr 42) has not modified and re-published by AMP to include Aerial Jilunitions. Pending this being done, these
notes
by
are issued
Arms.
for
RAE instruction 3 of,above
and may be follmved reads :-
all
Seo 2, para
pamphlet
"3. Units of all arms are trained in bomb reconnaissanoe. This inoludes deteotion of the existence of an unexploded bomb, and ,the safety precautions to be
taken Units pending of all the arrival of arms also assist a bomb disposal bomb disposal party. parties
by providing
unskilled
labour
\vhen neoessary. only
Digging dovrn to bombs must be undertaken wi th RE assistance or under RE supervision."
~ENERAL.
(a) Unexploded bOmbs may rall rortifications or in places where their and cer-
explosion
buildings,
would cause great
damage to
installations
important be t~ten im-
tain
precautionary
Dleasures can often
mediately the bomb ralls with a view to minimizing the damage should explosion take place berore it has been rendered safe by the banb dis!,osal party. These measures consist or :(i) Preventive roundations,
~
(ii
(iii
trenching to buried pipes,
minimize etc.
damage
to
Packing Sandbag
basements walling
with
sandbags
(iv
Digging
dovn to the bomb to rorm a vent

carried out by the \7ork or
mark the In dig-
'It is most important that any work UnitR other than RAE shall not hinder the ultimate disposal or the bomb.
(b) It path is of neoessary the bomb carefUlly to as the digging
note and prooeeds.
ging
down to a bomb, great
care- must be taken
not
to move it, strike it, subject it t9 vibration or put pressure upon it. The uncovering of the bomb should be left to the bomb disposal party. (If it is intended to destroy the bomb "in sit!!, only
sufficient enable of the bomb body should placement of the demolition be uncovered charge.) to
(c) Although unexploded bombs may include both "duds" and time bODlbs, it must be assumed that every buried bomb of 50 Kg or over may be fitted with a time fuze
(d) Any of the rollowing proteotive works will only BEFORE
be found necessary
then when the work
for for
CATEGORY bombs aQd only A

can be com leted
involved
~h~ es1!~ted
(e) Some timating of the the
time
di~fl.in~
advoca~ed the bomb.
down to the bQ~.

below TI116 involve sl1ould esbe
methods depth of
done in.
as Ir
soon the
as possible hole has
before caved in,
the hole it should
has caved be pos-
1/J
1.
-2 sible by probing with flexible

rods, to 10 ft. personnel
rods, such as drain
assess whether the depth is over or under Probing should only be performed by RAE trained at a bomb disposal course.
2.
\vhich
PROTECTIVE TRENCHES.
pipes, The following TABLE I shows the distances cables, foundations, etc. are liable to
damage from
explosion
of a buried TABLE I
bomb.
Size
of'
Cast-iron
mains or concrete
Bomb
\vare or brio krs

sewe 40 1't,
Eart
pipes
50/60 Kg 100 Kg 250 Kg 261't
Elec trio cabl ea,1 stee pipe a 20

1't
Foundations
50 ft
500 Kg
1000 Kg
30 f't 401't 45 ft
651't
45 ft 65 ft
and over
If a buried
120 ft
80 1't
24 1't 30 1't 35 1't

50 1't
60 ft
100 ft 150 ft 250 f't
bomb is
within
the
above
dis-
tances
of vulnerable
objects,
damage can be minimized
by
digging a trench about 2 ft wide, 2 ft deeper than, as near as possible to, the object to be protected. a cast-iron pipe (Fig 1) buried 4 ft below surface
and Thus, 30 ft
from a 250 Kg bomb buried

trench width 6 ft deep. required for
15 ft,
would be protected
by a
Such trenches need only be of minimum excavation (about 2 ft) and should not
exceed 6 ft
which will proceeds.
depth.
not remain to
Trenches
in the repose size
should
not be dug in ground

as digging made by the
unrevetted of the crater
Owing
explosion
trench bomb,
of the bomb, no ~rotection
could
be given
by a
within 10 ft of a 50/60 Kg bomb, 20 ft of a 250 Kg bomb, and 30 ft
12 ft of a 100 Kg of a 500 Kg bomb.
3.
SANDBAG ABUTMENTS.
(a) The ~acking,of
building, de~th or the
basements,
cellars,
etc.
with
sandbags to avoid damage to foundations and walls may be useful in cases where the bomb is so near
the the of the foundations are so dee~, that ~rotective trench required would
be ~rohibitive. The method consists of ~acking sandbags into the internal s~ace against the outer wall so as to su~port it against the explosion (Fig 2). It is not ~ossible to lay down depth (d) to which sandbags behind the wall should extend, but generally speaking the tighter they are packed, and the deeper the pile, the more effective will be the support. In practice, a depth of 10 ft will probably be effective, but the sandbags should not extend as far as an internal weight -carrying wall, or bear against an internal column for fear
of damage by transmitted (b) Another

tions is can with method. given in advantage
force. damage to founda-
method of minimizing
para 5 whicilo, in certain cases, be combined with the above
hen-
3 -
4.
SANDBAG WALLS. (a) The building of sandbag wall s to minimize damage fran splinters, blast, etc., is applicable in the case of' a bomb which is buried or on the surface close to a building. It may also be used to isolate the effects of' a bomb inside the building. The basic principle is that the wall must be buil t just outside the crater which vlould be formed if' the buried bomb exploded. For practical purposes suitable radii from the hole of entry are ShO\VIl in TABLE II
TABLE
II
(b)
The build
circumstances a sandbag
wall
in which are as
it is follow
desirable :-
to
(i)
III.
Bombs falling in open ground usually penetrate at least. 'bo th~ depth given in TABLE III. In such cases there are no serious splinter effects, and there should be no danger due to falling debris outside the area given in TABLE The effect very serious, sandbag wall (TABLE II) of blast, hov{eve~, may still be and can be deflected upwards by a built outside the crater area TABLE
II:::
(ii)
At distances greater than those giv&n for foundations in TABLE I, little or no s.tructural damage to buildings is to be expected from a buried bomb.
In the case of an unburied bomb, damage will be limited to windows and roof if a sandbag
wall is provided.
vr
-4 (0) The follmv1ng points should be noted in the oon~
struction (i)
of' sandbag walls:invariablf be 2' 6" thick

high. This 4'2"). Open involves
vValls should
at the
f'aces a
top and not more than 100" should be sloped at 1/6. bas~ wider than 2'6" (say,
(ii)
(i1i) (iv)
Walls
than the Bonded For
must not be built

distances walling given gives
nearer
in
to the banb
TABLE II.
max1mum strength. constructed of a series
curved
walling
of straight
unbroken 5.
lengths,
at interseotion9.
ensure
that
the bond. is
~s~*g~ifJD~~~_AND OF A BURIED BOMB. When a shaft
DIRECT THE ;FORCE OF EXPLOSION iB excavated less earth to gain access to a
bomb, and the bomb is exploded

shaft, there is appreoiably
at the bottom
shook
of' the
and earth
movement than
it' the same banb had exploded
bef'ore
the
exoavation was made. result. On the other ably be greater where
Further, a small~r orater hand, damage by blast will a shaft has been exoavated.
would prob-
In oases where it is vitally important to diminish earth shook and movement, (e.g. railway lines, bridges, dams, important gas and water mains and foundations) and where the ef'feot of blast would not be serious
it
to
is
the
advantageous
bomb at once
to excavate
(Fig 3).
an 8 ft
in shaft is blast with
by 4 ft
shaft
down
obtained supported
A further reduction by covering over the on light planking.
effect can be 2 ft of earth to direct
the force
of' explosion
In
some caaes
away from the structure
it
advantageous
it
is
desired to protect. trench about 12 rt bomb then explOdes
This can be done by excavating a by 4 f't as shown in Fig 4. If the berore it can be dealt with by a bomb
disposal
structure.
party,
the minimum damage will
be done to the
this
In deoiding to use the methods described in paragraph, the damage likely to be done by clast,
windows and roofs, must be balanced against to be done to foundations, basements, eta.
chiefly to that likely
PROTECTIVE
TYPICAL
REFER
E IN C
WORKS
B.D.1:1 D/20/83
EXAMPLES
Il~
SO'-O'
TRDCH ABOUT a'-o" WIDE
G~~~~~-:PKlBAm.Z CRA~
It BOMB EXPLODES'
.--"'"
BI.-/ I. M'_n-I
C.l. PxpX .'-0.
DEEP
PROTECTIVE
TRENCt1
,...
p~~
17 BOIIB Im.orzs
~~
~lli
.,..2
VENT TO
REDUCE EARTH SHOCK
ElG-1
GROUND LEVEL
y.~
~~,y...~
--T--
, BUn.DDlG
PROBABL! CRATER D BOMBEXPLOIi!S
OOTLDiI -~
OJ' TBDlCJI
B)K5
SECTION
I-' 121.00.!
TBBllai
~--~
B~
-WAU.
or BUn.DIJK}
~
TRENCH TO
111
LESSEN DAMAGE BY EXPLOSION
CHAP. E.
SECS. 21-23
EQ UIPMENT
Sec. 21: 22: 23:
AND PLANT
General Use Anti-Japanese Anti-German
319
11:IN C., A:M ~'. BO),IBDISPOSAL TECHNICALIl1STRUCTION.
PROBES, BOr.m, 6 l'WI'.
1.
piece, bomb
SCALE ISSYE. OF
The probe, is issued on a disposal duties. bomb, scale of 6 ft., and 6 ft. 2 sets per Unit screw RAE extension having
2.
OBJEal'S.
When used CAREFULLY, it constitutes aid to locating a bomb and by so doing it (a)
a valuable
of the probe
will
Speeds
indicate
up excavation.
when digging
(Continual
has to be proceeded
use
with
more cautiously.) (b) Reduces the danger of thereby causing possible striking explosion the bomb with a tool, of the bomb. possible
(c)
the bOlnb to the surface
Ascertains
from
the
surface
(knovrledge
the
of which affects
nearness
of
advice given as to estimates for time,

(d) of Serves to detect an excavation).
necessity labour,
a camouflet
of protective v/orks, also stores and plant re~ired)

(when testing the floor
3.
ment,
DESCRIPl'ION.
The is made of probe piping (Aust pattern), approx 3/4" which diam. is a rigid One end is implefitted
vii th a tapered and rounded brass point v/hilst the otlwr a screv/ed union to receive a hand grip or alternatively screVI extension piece also fitted to take the hand grip.
point is expressly of a sparlt should a camouf'let. made of brass so as to the probe strike a flint eliminate in the
has the The
the risk vicinity of
NOTE 1. The probe at present issued is N~ non-magnetic and nnlst never be used where a German type "G" or similar mine is suspected.
4.
,"lImrl TO USE.
-
(a) GE~\N bombs. The probe should alvlays be used as the bomb is approached in order to avoid strilcing it vlith a piclt, etc. ,vhich might cause fuzes of the 50 and "'i" types to function, or the clock of 17 type fuzes to restart (but see para 6 belo\,,). (b) JJ~ANESE bombs. At present there is Japanese using fUzes of the anti-handling there is a possibility of explosion if(i)
norecor(l of type but
Certain fuze heads or their projecting spindles are struck. (Tho risk is sorne~'hat lessened if the nose fuze ,is distorted or the tail fins have cul'led over t!"e tail fuze, both of which conditions often occur) The resistance soluble plug or is nullified by offered by a partially ring in chemical long the shock. softened delay fuzes
(ii)
(iii)
J.lJ
A clockrlork
type fuze is struck.
Jt
seeu~
00
pecIcIuoI~
JO
.~ueseoIcI S"}: ';j.eunoumo uotsotcIxe esnuo Aew ~d9cIs
s s~ ~ AtUO
peen eq Ptnoqs eoIn~~u A~UttJ
eqodcI pecIcI"}:~ uepOOM dO Sge~q u JO punoJ2 Ut ~u"}:qOdcI ueqM (q)
esnodoqcIsoqcI eq O~ pe~oedsns s~ ~Utt -ttJ qtUoq eq~ JO ~uen':J."}:~suoo ~ eoIeqM segeo u"}: ~tm~ -oIOcItUt AtJ9tno~~oI~cI s"}: deqwuqo e~~ AO~':J.sep o~ Ap~eoI tt~un pe~~ntcI ;~ ~u~cIee~ pue eqooIcI e~~ Jo T9MUJp~~~M UO Ate':J.~tpeUJIIrJ: etoq eqooIcI u ~u"j:~~ntcI Jo eo"j:~"13~cI tS~eu98 e~~ 'eqooIcI e~~ q~tM ~eUnoumo u ~Ut~~OO! UO e~eqtUBqo eq~ O~Ut d"}:U Jo uo~SSttUp~ uo ~utPo!cIxe ses~~ 00 pecIcI~d~ Jo A~"}:!"}:qtssocI ~ S"}: edeq~ '~ueseoIcI s"}: snodoqcIsoqcI pewnsuooun PUB ~Utt!"}:J sno~oqcIsoqcI ~u,.-u~~~uoo qwoq ~ Aq peUI.IoJ st ~e!Jnoumo ~ U9qM (~)
eSt[SV{) 00 ,[0 NOISO'Id~

-ep Jo setcItUtdcI t11Jesn ~ e'J{BtU !!';A\ eeAoq~ ~d~cI eq~ MOttOJ o~ P,Od !ee~s "Sit
,[0 R'.!I{)J)rrfcr
ee
Ut peU"}:!~no s~ uB"j:s s~ os epew Jt eqoJd dO e~o uepd~~ V (q)
PQsou2~1P St ~q SnOeJdeJ-UOU Jo eA~~ ~sntU ~t ~nq Jt POd e!qIXQt;; pe'.j.t1tU"j:'.j.se eq UBO oI~e!O SI SJ.~ue Jo
PQ~oecIsns dO esetmd~2 ~ Jt A!T9IOecIse tS';oIe~~tU ~u~ocI pepurIOoI U o~ pe~ecI~~ pUG tm (SpOoI uI~~P ~uI~cIs e~ee) eLq~!I~A~ ~ ~!j."J:M QLO~ e~~ W\op ~UIqOoIcI Aq qUDq e~~ JO UO';~ISocI e~~ '!10S ;;0 e!oq e~~ eoI9~M ses~o M9J e~~ uI {~) .St[HOHd U:1rSIAOHd1'II HO t[J;fi.LIiliS81lS 0;"
s~q !tVA
eeSJnoo tSsocISIU oqt.\ avH 'CON dO oIeoIJ:JO ue ueq~ J9q~o eqoJcI e~~ 'eJoJeJeq~ 'qtUoq ~ flNIdNOO'I
qUDII ~ pepue'.j.~~ Aq peen eq .LON UI UOtUWDO ~dNOO'I
q~~ pesr. O~ .ButqooIcI
eq eqoJcI eq~ ueqM ~ueseJcI
e~uem5pn~ ~oIecIxe pUB esues ~9q~ t~t~uesse st ~~ 'qwcq ~ JeAe ~S1J ~ 8t e.Ieq~ sV
et[HOHd ,[0 SRt[Sn ill
NOI~OIH.LSt[E
e9
eAtBUIP~oOo~ eo9~d UO~su9~xe o!j. 9qOoId 9q!j. tUO~ peoIdeJsued~ ~UIGq dt~~ ptmq eq~ 'uo pGA\edOS eq ueo 90e~d uo"}:sue~xe us 'punooIB g~!j. o'.j.u"J: q~~d ':J.q~,;~.t~S u ep~tU GA~q o!j. ~~.Bno~~ eJe sqwoq Gde~L\ ses~o esoq~ ut ~u~qodd creep dO.[ e'.j.etU St UOI'.j.ON!j.SqO tm ALG~~ -~P~i pe'.j.tS~ GqooId e~'.j. JO '.j.S~1~':J. G~':J. pUU pe~Ldd~ eq tmO GdnSSeoId peuOoI~UOO 'd~oI~ pUS~ eq'.j. JO sueelu All .~S1'[O aOHilit[il{ eg
t~1=!J.u9sse -~Ap~ eq~
'.j.U9tU9IdtU'j: etl!J. JO '~ueseJa ed~ S~stJ
e(MOTeq 9 ~J9d 9sn 9t1':J. se~tU 8u'J.'QOJd eAoq~ eq~ q~noq~
eGS '.j.~q) JO s98~~
-8 -
E IN C., AM F.
BOLm.DISPOSAL
TECliNICAL I1'TSTRUCTION.
EXCAVATING AND TIMBERING
PART 1. (a)
-LOCATION
AND
EXCAVATION
LOCATION OF SI!A]Tl'. The excavation should be dug vertically over the
spot \':here it is estimated that the bomb is lying. The line and the angle of entry of the bomb coupled with a knowledge of the average penetration and offset of cerned, probable average the size Of b0l11b dia~oBed, in the soil conshould provide a fair indication of its position. As a guide, figures on the penetration of bombs from high level bocnbing
are :(i) (ii)
GE~IAN bombs dropped

18-ft
in UK -9-ft
for
for
a 50 KG,
22-ft
14-ft for a 250 KG, for a 1000 KG bomb'

The average one-half the offset depth
a 500 KG and
JAPANESE bombs dropped in NEVI GUINEA and DAffiVIN areas' -9-ft for 60 KG, 18-ft for 250 Kg.
lies to between which the one-third and bomb penetrates.
(b) of
Units RAE should penetration and
additionally offsets met
keep with
oareful records in pr~ctice in
their
OVI11 areas. to
These may var~r ap!Jreciably

on account of reculiarities Such records should in then
fl'OCl1
local be
average figures ground conditions.
available
area.
any other
Unit
trucin~
over vrork in that
2.
as far
IZE OF EXCAVATION.
Shafts as possible, of ~tandard dimension should be adopted and it has been found that shafts about
6-ft
buried larger
x 6-ft
in plan
are generally
satisfactory
x 6-ft (FIGS
for B)
bombs
for the
up to 20-ft, and about 8-ft bombs at deeper penetrntions
in plan II A
3.
and II
EXCAVATING.
(a) Di~ging
trImming),
Eqpt :Tools
Mattocks
Piclcs,
(for
use
Shovels
in
clay),
RE, Spades (for

Miners'
PicY~
Pneumatic
provided.
(supplied
';rith
air
compressor)
are
(b) Snoil Removal :- The Sil;lplest 'Ilay of removing SpOll 1'r0l11t.!le bottom of the excavation is by thrO\'Iing it up on to successive platforrl1s or stagings. These stagings consist of planl~ supported by the
fr~les
spoil
Stages depth
Vli th a lip
from falling
on the
outer
be For
planlc to prevent
excavation.
a greater depths spoil used for greater
dovm into
the
should be 'removed by other methods (i) A small bucket, vii t h tripod and jenny vlhee1 or a \7indlass is suitable for use \'11 poling th (ii)
boards
should not normally than about 12-ft.
A light
or
in
s\'ling1ng
cramped
jib
locations
and latrine
in buildings.
buclcet
(see
FIG I) is particularlY
suitable for all outdoor locations when runners are used, since the
(111)
jib enables swung clear ~ound.

In large
the buclcet to be lifted over and of runners projecting above the

or deep exc~vations, e.g. 1000 Kg
bomb in clay, a pmver operated crane and large sldp used from the start vlill save valuable
time.
3.23
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(0)
-8 -
-3 Members
Short Long Long. \'lalings Vlal1ng~ \Va1ings
Lgth.
6' a" 8'0" 6'0"
9"
RecOllU11ended 9" x 4" x 4"

9" x 4" j 6" wet with X ground 6" runin
Scantling'
--
Min,
Sec.
Cross
Thiclt3" 3" 3"
Jolin.
neaR!
~*
24
CoI'neI' Boards Poling Boards RUMeI'S ','ledges Puncheons

Staging Planks
and based Spi'eadeT'A on the
3'9" 4'6" 10'0" l' a"

use of 5'4"
ninr;
sand
14 4" x 2" to 4" x i"

the above scantlings 4" x 3" :-
2"li"
12 12
lI"
3" 3"
3'0'T
4" x 4"
12
9
01' 3'9" 6'0"
9" X 2"
The mininum sizes should only be used J.n good gI'ound and additional struts or spreaders may be required ror the lighter walings. In the case or poling boards, ir the lighter sections are used, it may be necessary to provide two rrames in each length, i.e., reduce the spacing from 4 reet 6 inches to 3 reet 0 inches centres.
These considerations nnlst be governed by fjround conditions. vVith either system of timbering the framing members, i.e., long or short wa1ings and spreaders, are held in position by "folding" "'v'edges (i.e., twin ','/edges) inserted at one end only and at alternate corners (FIGS II A and II B) When driven , hane both wedges of a pair should have at 1eas,t two-thirds of the length of their adjoining faces in contact, but it should not be possible to drive them so far that the thin end of' one wedge projects beyond the thick end of' the second wedge. ALL \VEOOES SHOULD BE TIGHTENEP DAILY BEFORE vVORK BEGINS (more frequently in bad ground). In the case of all runners, and wherever necessary tn the ca.se of poling boards, wedges should be driven in between the board ana. the "/a1ing so that boards are forced. hard against the sides of' the shaft. This is of' the utmost importance because movement of the ground behind timber encou~ages progressive collapse very quickly.
If' the .sides have not been timbered properly ho110vv'S may develop behind ~he timber, and any such ho11~'v's should be stu~f'ed tightly v/ith excavated or other material or trouble is sure to result. To leave a hollow behind timber in wet ground is to invite f'ailure.
In most clays it is possible to excavate using poling boards, but if' the ground is wet, or if' the soil is grE!-vel", sand or "re.t sandy c11;!.Y, runners are best. If runners are deenwd necessary, it indicates that the shaf't should be close boarded v/hereas the use of' poling boards presupposes f'air1y '[':90\1 ground, in vlhich case, cJ,ose boarding ~,'il1 quite often not be necessary. For instance', open boarding "rill usually BUf'f'.ice in ~ertain clay soils. 1;/hen open boarding is employed the boards in successive stages should'be staGgered. If' there are patches of ,vet on any.wall of' the shaft it is advisable to close board that side. If possible, timbering should be completed bef'ore work ceases f'or the day, and if'a pit ever has to be left for more than 24 hours, the requisite timbering should alvrays be put in bef'orehand. If' the original bomb hole f'ills with water, the face of the pit nearest to tlie hole should also be tinlbered and vJ.atched Of\re:i'\111y.
,zr
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-V -
-5 it to support the side of the excavation pending in-
sertion
of the corner board.
The second runnel'

of the cross be repeated depth is boards to be ends of the as
should then be driven over the end poling board. This process should excavation proceeds until suf'f'1o1ent reached f'or the next set of corner placed in position over the exposed
Cl'OSSpoling boal'ds. The next frame can then be erected in position, but until this can be done the runners will need temporary support. This can be
achieved foot of most the readily eornel' by the board. erection of temporary
walings held in position by Acl'OW Struts. Altel'nati vely, a temporary frame may be put in at the (e) Vihen the tops of the first
been driven be possible do\vn to ground to continue to last
set of runners have

it will usually them vr1th a second
For very deep exbe necessary to
level, drive
may
set of runners;
the bottom ends of iihese I'follovrset of method runners inside the of insetting should
ers" should not be chamfered. cavations in bad ground it
start dl'1v1ng a fI'esh bottOOlframe but this
not norrl1ally be necessary.
8. erratic
lIEADiliGS (FIGS V A and V B). it As the travel of a bomb through the ground is is freQ.uently not found to lie vrithin the vershort heading thus becomes necessary teDdency for the inexperienced to a man to work in properly, in vrhich take longer to l'each the bomb than
tical excavation. A and there is a strong mw~e it too small for case it will probably for the very short offsets
if a proper siz~ heading had been constructed.

of 1 foot or so, in same care as vertical excavations. -
Except
good
firm
ground, headings should alvrays be timbered v!ith at least (a) one method of' timbering a heading is described the R.E. Poolcet Book (1936) and illustrated at
Chapter VI Fig 1 Plate 4 thereof'. This illustra-
in
tion is reproduced at FIG V A. ~his method sho\'.n is a good one particularly in bad ground vlhere
there is followed reason by the
the may
to believ~ that the track heading will be straight.

horizontal have to or vertical be modified. planes
to be Freand so
quently,
either this in method
hovlever, bomb tl'acks do not keep stl'aight

var1ations are :-
Possible
(i) In good ground (e.g. dry clay) timbering vrith 9 inch x 3 inch frames only at about f'oot intervals (FIG V 13} In wet ground (e.g.
(11)
but close timbered,

other sandy soils
with fI'ames butting

a short
wet clay)
as
(i)
above
against
of,
each (111) In
and where
heading
say, 4 to 5 f'eet only is .expected -a modification of' FIG V A 1l1ethodbut driving one set of,
say, 5 foot chisel-ended zontally and supporting intervals of, say, 2 to headel' boal'ds hol'ithese vrith fl'ames at 3 teet
(b) The main principles
to bear in mind in"dr1ving
headings are :(1) Keep the heading large enoui;:h. Not less than 5 ft high and 4 1't wide {overall excavation)
{1i) Never scantlings use less than 9 inches for main frames or x 3 inches less than 2 inch
thickness f'or header boards (if used). (11i) The level at ",rhich the heading should be
driven out from the runnere ehould be such that the 1nit~al bomb tl'ack is slightly above the centre of the opening of the heading.
,~.,
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Joo~
'PU~8 ~u~uun~ 8B qons 'punoJB p1;lq ~ITBe~ UI (A) (~ A UI'[) SUi~~nJ~s JB -JodWe~ ewos u~ ~ncI ueq~ .seum~J ~ueu~~ecI q~ 1h\ tIn pe~oqs ~!~ecIo~cI sJ Joo~ eq; ~OJ9~ 's~t1Dq ewoe ~oJ ~O '~q8~u eq~ ~oJ eS~90 ~snw ~JOM JI q';jJ3ueI ~~e~8 ~mI oIOJ pe;~ocIcInsun eo~J eq~ eA~e! ~9/I.eu ~uJP~eq ~ uJ Su1~~1P UGqM (At)
elo~ ~~\ t!~M spJ~Mdn ~ u1 ~e~~M ~t~q~1Is JJO 8edts 2u1uJ~~P qO1qM U1 e8~~uuAp~ BU1P~e~ y " ua 9~ ~~ON '
suo
SUiP~eq
wo~J
~q;
etijus ep.reMdn
~UI)~ ~
cIee~s ~ ~~ St>J~A\UMOP sedte ~!~q8i!S SedO!8 ~o LeAS! 81

~o~~~xe O~ JeiSB9 si ~I "8 uoi~oeJ1P PJQMUh\OP
~~~~ ~~q~
~J,ON !~~e
1;1 UI),IJ
-UgB se!8u~
Y QAgq ~q~~~
(~tu1~~~g~ ~~ sUJn;
~OU q~noq~) ~Ie~~~ ~o~~~
~IqBqOJa ~wo~ eq~
IITM PUB -~ ~ON
-9 -
-7 (d) Where all distance the of the timber nearest be side left of'the in place, shaft
'rom a house is less

shaf't
than half'
should
the depth of' the in and thereby

If'the
otherw1se
a partial
the
shaft
may fall
of' the
cause
collapse
building.
ground
doubled.
(e) fhere have to
is
at all
bad,
are in
the distance
should
be
shafts be left
excavated 1n place because
roads, timber may of the probable
proximity
services.
of water mains,
sewers and other
public
).29
enq
.AOIVSSeOeU ~"odBU""'I "OJ peT'I~ms1P AT1BBe eq ~O EI! 8'1'1 J1 S'I1 tUO"l iluS,"dn 8'1'1 SU1AOme" va" ()1) .S.r!'f""D!-:[JI. ee"q'l e'l'l 9U1UesOOT .(E
TI!\4 f Tm4
-('tIOS -{"!IOS
J:iJI. !!!iA x~
~I..)
"
.."
.."
IOLIMI iL:!JIPnI! XNIIiLYI I!O.r avo"! "mIX"!!
'18o;r ~ V I:
U1
8"["OS t
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19rJ
9~/IG/3 "I :L"a"8 :) NI 3 ~3j3~ SNOIJ.'v'/\'v':)X3 V\jO~~ 110dS ~O 1'v'/\OV\j3~ -3Sn
(3dAl 13315 ~V1n8nl)
air
9NI9NIMS
EXCAVATIONS
TYPICAL
LAYOUTS
REFER.EJN.CB.D:t:I. E/21/36
ALL riALING8&'-0" 5'-4" SPRFADB!
x 4"
LONG WALDiGS8'-0" SlORT WALINGS 6'-0"
x 4" x 4" -I
,-
1_\
\10LDDlG
5'-5"
WEDG~=~
FOLDDlG WEDGIB, I ~
~'-5"
I~ ~ ~
0
~
J'
.
0 I
i " ~ H
"'
OJ
1-
6'-50\\
-~
D'-.~J6'-D~ ~READER \\DI-.-
6'-0" LONG WALINGS
6'-00 SlORT WALIN~
~-~_~ue~Mt~6'-D~D
c e D ee
~:-
AU. DIKENSIONS INCLUDE.oN iu.LOWAlIC! 1- rOR WEDa~or
USING
ALL lVALINGS 6' -0" 5' -4" SPRFADER
'2" RUNNERS
x 4" P..GINCI WEDGES
G
-0" x 4"
:;'-~"
'-0" X 4" 1'...oIN~' WEDG~
~ ~ ~
~ .-I
.I ' ~
~ ,.I
b I
'\J
I
"1
II)
( 6' -0. SHORTWALING'
11'-7" roLDING
3"OORNm
6'-0.
I..
6'.7"
I~I
-1
SHORT WAUli1
lOLDINGf!OOFB' -I
tqt'!~19
Scale 1n Feet
I!2n:5J/ ALL D~SlONS INCLUDE AN ALLOw.INCEor 1" rOR WUJGE5
II
..1-. ..o-.t
.. x ., .:1 x., . ., ., .z x., x .6 x .6 x .6
SNI):iJl)IIIId
mtXmM
..o-.e ~o-
...O-,g
..0-.9
01101 ..g-,~
..~-,~
~CIS OOn1Y. ONO'[

OONI'IlIa OL80HS
SCI!I'fO& ONI'IOd
M3IA:>I't:IJ.3~OSI
""-',
VIII 91j
9~/12/3 1:1.0.8 :) NI 3 ~3..i3~
sa~V'oe
CJNI,Od
~Nlsn
'01
";IjJOYJljd;
.;~NI1YM ~NOl ';~NI1YM .LIjOH; -YJOYO ~NIMO1'O.J JHJ. NI OJ~Yld ;IjJ8~1.L aJ"J"Jl aNY OJXI.J J~YY.J .L;IjI.J
3C;)'v'J.S a~IH.L
SmlYOEI Il:iN!!OO
x
'"
"
9/12/3
'I J. "0 oS
J NI 3
~3.:13~
~NI~3e~ll.
SNOIl.V~3dO
l..:1VHS
.:10
NI
3':)N3nO3S
9NI'ti38V'Jll (]~Y(]NY1S
' "~ ",,'
HEADING OUT FROM A VERTICAL
SHAFT
REFER. E.INC. BD:T.I. E/21/36
FIG VA
SPACI FOR DRIVING FORWARD LAOOING
4"x 2" WALIBG B~
DETAIL
AT @
101236 ..'
, , .I Baal. in r..t
JJf"
,
"AOLI!!\f'I:> HOL CDJ.LIJIO
A'NO
'IJ.V"ftVY~VIO
--3J.ON
'
NIX' "H OHIHmftIOL XA
r t
3r\
i ') '\f H <1
ImSO1:) !!!Ii AH"Sir40D
II I ' SYHd
X.L"I(I:iMi~
t~~~~_:~;;~:~QIS
(lr~
~(; 3SVHd
~
t~~-~--~-~~~
."
/" ..".
""
9~/12/3 .1:L.o.a :>
~3j3~
':)NIOV3H NO Il.VAV jX3 ..iO
'v'
NI S3':)'v'l.S
~
~
TYPE
-TUBULAR
SCAffOLDING
REFE:R EIN C
B.D.T
E/21/36
HEAD CLIP"
EA<E SE
OF S0A7FOLDING WI1J. WN5IST 01:4 No. 4 No. 4 .0, 16 No. 4 No. B No. 4 No. 4 No. 2 110. CLIPS, HEAD WUR!RS, ~Oo WUPLERS, J)lD ro nm COU~S, snYm. PLATES, BASE BRACES, 10 Ft LEliGmS I!ORIZONTALS, 12-Ft LDiGmS UPRIGHm, 6-Ft LIIIG1HS Sl'Amms
'17
DETECTORS -mDICATOR
TEST PAPERS
(operating
Instns)
REFERENCES: The following this Instn :- BIYl'Is D/20/29
are to be read and D/20/79. I.T.P. Gas.
in
conjunction
vlitn
1.
OJ3JECTS PERFO~. AND

(a)
fo
The fUnction of Detectors resence of Carbon ~ionoxide
ovling objec
s :-
is to indicate Tnls acni~ves
tne the
Constitutes an aid to safety of perscmnel engaged on vlorlcs where tne presence of carbon monoxide is suspected. Its v~ue in this regard should be constantly borne in mind, full advantage being taken of it. (11) Assists in the diagnosis of camouflets as distinct from UXBs but see NOTE 1 below. (b) The performance of Detectors I.T.P:is reliable, provi'ded they are prepared, operated, and maintained as described in tnis Instruction. ~ be 1. The lim1 tations of this type of Indicator should clearly understood :(i) As co~ gas contains carbon monoxide, it should not be used in the ne1ghbourhood of gas mains. (ii) Some soils contain carbon monoxide, and other gases, which may s1mtlarly affect the palladium chloride of the test papers. (1i1) If the bClnb hole remains open to a good depth, carbon monoxide gas may remain present for about a week; but if it has partially caved in, all traces of carbon monoxide may disappear very ~uickly. Nevertheless, vmen used on new bomb holes, at a distance from leaky or broken gas mains, it will often afford useless confirmation as to whether a bomb has exploded or not.
(i)
2.
(a]
V;,HEN us],. TO
'\'llie-ii-Aor B tYUe camouflets are susuected, in an endeavour to obtainc onf'irmatoryev:[aenceoef'ore subse~ent necessary action is taken. Refer BDTI D/20/29.
(b)
Immedi tel
befol~e re-columencement
of vlorl
shaf, in which the probe has suddenly gone into a cavIty, and all personnel have been vlithdravm from the region of ~lhat has now become a suspected camouflet. Refer BIYl'I D/20/29.
(0) After action has been t cen to make a camouflet safe as descr bed in BIYl'I D 20 79, and BEFORE repairs to same are allowed to be commenced. This is to ensure that all carbon.monoxide has been expelled frall the cavity.
3.
DESCRIPTION.
(a) The e~uipment is packed in 2 small tin boxes, which are painted dark green with 2 red bands across tlwir lids. They are sealed \'lith adhesive tape. (b) The smaller Box is labelled IfBOX NO 1" and contains the follo..7ing : -Test Paper BooY~et (cellophane vrrapped), Test Paper Holder, Spool of Cord, Reagent Spotting Bottle, Printed Inst%~ctions. (c) The larger BOX is labelled IfBOX N021f and contains 2 spare Test Paper Booklets (cellophane wrapped), Stock Reagent Bottle with rubber cap, a glass Filter Funnel, and printed instructions.
~J1
"g~U8SQOGU UQ~~\~e'.}. t1'; PU9 'TB1A '.}.U~SU9H '.}.UQSU9~ U~ '.}.o~dSU1g!TB01PO1~9d (0) "et'.}.'.}.oa '.}.ueBue"II ~Oo'.}.Se~'.}.uo gt~09~~00 d~o J.eqq~ e~'.}. '.}.~.; SSMtV (q) -eo~td ..Ip ~ U1 e~o,+s puu 'esn ~e'+J:~ Gdil';J. eA~se~p~ ~,+1M peTBGS-GJ. eJ.~ sexoq ~'.}.oq '+~~'+ eGB (~)
.~O!NN:[mI'ffl aNY :[avO
"ep1S ~uq,+ uo sesseoeJ. etO~ 0'+ enp '.}.ao~.; sq,+ woJ.'; peMG~A Ue~A\ J.nooo '.}.~s~ J.e~'.}.ilt e~J. s~oeJ:J:e MOp'B~Se~~~Aqo 0'+ ~~os J.eptOH ~~ ';0 )lava e~,+ ~no.xq~ pe~oedsu1 eJ.~ s,+odS e~,+ ';0 s~no!oo e~~ .v ~ON "Uos -iJ.edWDo ';0 pJ.~pU9~S ~seq e~~ eJ.nsue o~ s~ e!o~ puooes eq~ ~~noJ.q~ J.ed~d SU1~~ods ';0 '.}.oe~qo e~~ . ~J.ON
.~ ,+oo;s e~'.;. ~SUtt/A peJ.eMOt eq ~StVlI .xea:-ga:Gtf~ "U~'; 9~~ 'Qsn eJ.o.;eq uoos 00'+ pe~~ods s1 JQd~d e~~';I !U,+SS1 !!~L\ ~se~ "NOIJ.fiVO
"JJmSmId SI ~aIXONOJl'l NOWlrO 'aNOO:irS:irn.L NVHJ.R:!Dm'!a SI .LOdSJ.S'/II,[ :!IHJ.n (i1A) (v e~oN ges) -J.9PtoH';0 ~o~q ~~no.rq~ s,+ods 3 Q~~ J:O J.11OtOO e~~ 9J.9duIoO (~) ( 9~ON ge8) .eto~ PUOO9S 9~~ ~Sno.rq~ ~ue~~eJ. ~~~A\ J.eded e~~ ~ods U1~~Y(A)
o~ 1AO!tn 'eq ~ M~.rp~ ~ ~h\ usq es~o e~~ II- 'SNIW g Sil .J.e~ilJ.o J.o,; J.O u1t1\UeJ. g~ ~AilO
UO1~il/toiloxe e!o~ qIOOqe~~ 0~U1 J.ep!Oll e~'.j. J9JAO'I (/to1) TB1A ~ue'2~e'/I UJO~J~ue~~_~~]:J.\ K!Uoe"t:ott "WO'u1 ~~dild sq'.j. ~ods '.j.SQ~eoIoJ:eq: A!G'.j.~11?GUt!1I (~1"1") s~nu n.~JOS u9'.j.tl'2~'.j. pUt3 se!o~ 3 G~'.j. tt~~9U9q '.j.G~OOa J.edild ~se.L WOJ'; J;BG! il '.j.JesuI (1~) ~~nu JAeJOSu~sOOt 'J~P!OH JGd~d ~S9.L e~ili (~)
Su~sn 'S/AO!!o,; -: t ON xoa ';0 s'.}.ue'.j.uoo eq~ gTUo s~ pGGOOJd 'ewBS ~U1g.;~J.B!O oIG'.j.';il g!G'.j.~u
-J.Q~T8 In 'J.ilG!O S1 ~~';I -v ~J.~d U1 peq~J.osep Sil ~WBS J.~'.j.!~'; '~~SOd9P SU~il~UOOTB~A ~ueS~e'/I e~~ ';I -:irS!l ,[0 ao~ -9 -9AOq~ p9q~J.OSQPs~ pe,[!1';QJ. pU13PQU1'8J.p'J.9~~n. ~~1n. t!9/A PQ~S~/AQq ue~~ P!no~s d~O PUil !~1A eq.L .Q!'.j.~oa ~ueS -~g'/I ~oo~S eq~ o~ peuJ.n+eJ. Gq Ptno~s TBiA ~ueS~eH e~~ ';0 s~ue~uoo e~~ 'sJ.nooo S1~~ Ue~A\ -SWJ.o,; ~~sodep ~ '[1~un peen eq gmu 'peJ.l3deJ.d GOUO'~ueSil~H 9~J. .8 ~J,ON -1: xoa U1 90il'[d9.t pU13 g"[tUJ~'; '[~~A ~ue3~GH G~~';O d'BO e~~ dn n.9J.OS_l/to) -3 xoa U1 Gootde,z pU13AL'.}.oeJ.J.ooa~o J.eq -qnJ.e~~ ~~J 'e!~~Oa ~uQ8~9H ~oo~S e~~ J.9ddo~S (/to~) -3 xoa U1 eo~!d:e~ puil gJ.P 'Je~~n. ~~~/A t9UUnJ 9~~ 9su1J. '~Gd:~d J9~t~.; G~~ pJ'BOS~a (t1~) -!!tI.J
.;t9~ st !g~A ~.sno~~et~~oq
-~edgd ~e~tt.; pepto,; g ~JesU1 pU13tg~A ~ueSge'/I eq~ u~ 3 xoa tUoJ.J;teuut\[ ~e~ t~,[ eq~ PUg~s {1}
-: sn.tt'; Sg peeoo~d '~ue"Jj~eJ. J.e~t1'; -SULIOJ ~1sodep ~ J~ 'esn eJ.o.;eq gtQ~g~POOtUII
~UeSgeH g~~ !~'.j.un J.9dgd .x9~ U'; ~~ ~ueS'BeH ~oo~S UJOJ.'; ~UeSgeH ~nod (1~)
o~ (q) (1~~)
"~sn U1 ~ou ue~M g!Jiltn -o~~~ild 'tt~Jp eoUl3~e'.j.u~iltU s~ 'gtt'BO~po~J.ed (ti) ~ -saov WO,IJ pe/to~eoe~ s1 ~uswd1nDe e~~ gte~'B~pemwI (~) -: pe~e~t~J 9q '.}.StVlI ~ueS~e~ ~ou3H -~se~ eq~ .su~~~!tnu sn~~ 'uO1~~J.notOO s~oe.;.;e s~~.L -Jedild '.j.se~ uo ~~sod -gp il ';0 uo~~g~td10QJ.d U1 s~tnse~ 'pe1';~~'BtO ~ou.;~ ~O~WA '~;~PtqJ~ O~ ~o9~qnS SI pggn 1UQBij9J QijJ (n) -:timmH ,[0 NOI.tV!r\!~~d
-v
-8 -
E IN C., AM F.
ISSUED
20 DEC 43
APPARATUSREVIVING -OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
1.
FOREWORD.
(a) Refer to BDTI D/20/125
(b) At this date ~eoial oxygen oylinders are being supplied to AUST BOMBDISPOSAL PLS RAE only, for
wham one by AODs additional in areas spare concerned. cylinder per PL is held
2.
oxide
OBJECT.
To poisoning administer (see BDTI oxygen D/20/29 to victims "Types of of' carbon Camou:f'lets monand
Safety
Precautions"
and D/20/79
"Making Camouflets
Safe")
3.
blood
PERroRMANC~.
f'ive times
Oxygen drives
more
~ickly
out the carbon monoxide

than air. This
apparatus
f'ran the
is
easily
applied
and operated
and administers
oxygen
eff'iciently.
4.
over
DESCRIPTION.
The main parts
the victim's mouth
consist
of' a ~~K
with
for
placing
and nostrils,
a ~ick-adjust-
ing
rubber
HARNESSfor
securing
same in position.
interposed
A rubber BREATHING BAG (2 gals oapacity) is as a reservoir between oxygen cylinder and mask
A FINE ADJUSTMENT VALVE f'or fitment
to the
oxygen cylinder serves both as a control and as a meter for estimating the volume of breathing, so that the supply to the victim oan be adjusted to any volume. It is
connected
to the breathing
bag by a short
length
to the
of' rubber
mask by
tubing.
a length weight hours of The breathing bag is connected corrugated rubber tubing,
The OXYGEN CYLINDER is about 30 lbs and is good for continuous use.
of 40 cu ft capacity a period of about 2!
See para 7 for detailed
parts list.
5.
w:ImNT!lS~.
(a) As ~uicl~y as possible after patient has been removed from the vicinity of the polluted area, and simultaneous with the administration of artif1c1al respiration
(b) For a short period after normal breathirig has been restored, in order to lessen the severity of the after effects of the poisoning.
3ltl
ue'BG.xo
'.xe"pu~t.G.o
(ttx) (tx)
(x) (-xt)
09 R 09 R
J..t .r. eAtSA
xe~dS
oIO':j.dsVV ':j.u~':j.sn~vv eU~d
9t t
t8
'&A NA
11A
(':J.J 8) Bu~qn~ .xeqqnH

uo~ua tu':j.en
(titA) (i1A) (iA)

(A)
(Ai)
(
\eAtUA
.G.':j.~Dsdso tuB
etuqxes':j.~J)
( t~v~ q':j.~MBug ~eqqnH

908 Via ~6 Ji
.xo':j.dsPV
( .xo~duVV "[QUi ( BUiqn~ .xeq,qnH pe~'BBn.LIOO

eAtSA etuqrg J{SSN sseu.r8H ~eqq,11H
"[: 0 9:v.g:a 8 HI..

.ON ':j..I'Bd
(iii) (ii) (i)

-:res
iiie1I
.SNIn ~IH~ o':j. I..J.UaM~ mo~ esn
.J.S1'I SJ.Wd
(J)
.~
pepu9':j.siP 9~':j. ':j.~~':j. os ~~A tt1J SS~ O':j. Rt:\{O1no
tt9/1\ ':j.d9:\{ si fN8: {)NnIJ;'f:!m8: ~SnfaV a&L[ t.I':j.UOO (9)

fjf8: -DHnI.tY:!m8:
~~A
~~nfaV
~L[
u9dO
(p) (0)
':j.sn~p'a pUS eo~
s ,1II1."':j.O1=.A. XS'IfW 90~td UO
eAt~A .I9PUit~o
.Ie~Uit~O NXDAXO O':j. ewms ':j.1J P~
uedo (q)
'~9S0tO
si
5UI.~J!. J.NDJ.snfaV
t[.N:L[ 9~':j. ':j.~~':j. e.ms
9Jf8N (~)
.9
-isii ;[0 -aOlI~
-e -
INTRODUCTION.
(a) IMPORTANT REFS: wi~BDTIs-D72W62 (b) This and TI to be D/20/31 read in conj\Ulction
UNITS RAE GENERALLY. Only carry this eqpt. Other Units ledge o~ its operation as, in they may -
BOlvrn DISPOSAL PLS RAE req,uire a mowcase of emergency,
(i)
borrow and operate assistance, or assist tion of

select plant.
the
carnplete
plant
without
(ii)
a limited borrowed
and prepare
crew plant,
a
and control or suitable site
the
opera-
(1ii)
for
this
(c) CO}I!PARISON -BRITISH boilers and accessories Hovrever, per1'ormances ences in minor details
AND AUST BOILERS. Sane are of AUSTmanu1'acture. are identical. For di1'1'ersee APPENDIX F.
O~JEC1l'
AND
PERFORJ:1ANCE
!'ran a picric 01' safety
1. Tb,eobjec~ 01' this apparatus is to remove bomb various 1'orms 01' explosive 1'illing, including acid whether cast or pov~ered, under conditions for the operators.
2.
(a)
Per1'ormance.
A hole 4f-in. diem. can be trepanned in a bomb of 2" wall thickness 1n 30 mins, and of' t" wall thickness in 10 mins'.' The filling can then be steamedout through the hole thus made by remote control in 1 hour for 50 kg bombs, 1t hours for 250 kg, 2t hrs for 500 kg and 4 hours 1'or 1000 kg bombs, having
cast TNT fillings. bombs are not yet
Co~esponding available.
figures
for
JAP
(b) Alternatively, if the base of the bomb can be removed, the 1'illing can be steamed-out through the opening \vithout the necessity of trepanning a hole
in
(c)
the
banb casing.
A trained whan should the plant. leader and be trained, . 1'our others, are re-
Cew ~eQuireg. at least one of q,uired to operate
E IN C., AM F.
BOJJBDISPOSAL TECInfiCAL INSTRUCTION.
TREPAI'mING AND STEAlAING-oUT PLANT -DESIGN (OPERATING INSTNS -PROVISIONAL) III
INTRODUCYrION.
(a) IMPg~~ wi ~BD'l'I ~~~~: This TI to be read s D{ ",O{ 62 and D/20/31 in conjunction
(b) UNITS RAE GENERl\J:.LY. Only carry this e~t. Other Units ledge of its operation as, in
they may -
BO!vrn DISPOSAL PLS RAE require a 1O1owcase of emergency,
(i) borro\v and operate the complete plant assistance, or(ii)

(iii)
without
operathis
assist a limited tion of borrowed

select plant. and
crew plant,
and control or site
the
for
prepare
a suitable
(c) COJ/iPARISON -BRITISH bol1ers and accessories Hov:ever, perfo~ances ences in minor details
AND AUST BOILERS. Some are of AUST-~ufacture. are identical. For differsee APPENDIX F.
OBJECYrAND PERFOR]JWijC~
1. The object of this apparatus is to remove from a bomb various forms of explosive fill inS, including picric acid whether cast or powdered, under conditions of safety for the operators.
2.
Perfo~ance.
(a) A hole 4i-in. diam. can be trepanned in a bomb of 2" wall thickness in 30 mins, and of ~" wall thickness in 10 mins'~ The filling can then be steamedout through the hole thus made by remote control in 1 hour for 50 kg bombs, 1~ hours for 250 kg, 2~ hrs for 500 kg and 4 hours for 1000 kg bombs, having
cast TNT fillings. Corresponding figures bombs are not yet available.
for JAP
(b) Alternatively, if the base of the bomb can be removed, the filling can be steamed-out through the opening without the neoessity of trepanning a hole
in the bomb casing.
(c) C~ew ~eauireg. A trained leader and four others, at least one of v/han should be trained, are required to operate the plant. .
3.
VI hen to use.
(Refer BDTI D/20/31)

for steaming-out is the banb cemeopen area, but the process may for dealing in s1 tu with those
b~s
Normal place teryor other suitable sometimes be necessary
which cannot be moved or ilmIunized.
NOTE1 : -Bombs fitted vIi th Clilll;!ICALLONGDELAY FUZESmust NEVER steamed out (see BDTI D/20/62) be NOTE2: -Bombs conta1ning STEl:wmD M,ThIONAL filli~ NEVER steamed-out (see BDTI D/20/31) be must
~IfJ
-2 DESCRIPl'IO!,!
The complete 4.
(FIG 1) comprising :-
Apparatus
consists
of :-
'THE STEAMDRIVEN TREPANNINGUNIT & ACCESSORIES, (a) A BASE PLATE which can be attached to the bomb 'by adjustable chains, tightened by turnbuckles and (b) A detachable TREPANNINGHEAD provided with a
built in pump for supplying lubricant from a separate container, and with disengaging the Cutter Spindle from drive. to the cutter a clutch for the geared
(c)
A STEAMMOTOR, which is governed, and which drives the cutter spindle at from 50 to 60 RPM
when the boiler per square :In. pressure is from 85 to 100 lbs
(d) Two types

for thin piece),
of detachable
CUTTERS, viz.,
with walled a distance bombs.
SHALLOW
walled bombs and DEEP for
(used thick
NOTE 3 : -The cutter advances .0015-in. per hence from figures given, the time through a bomb of lmown thiclmess timated, due allowance being made clearance and the curvature o:f' the NOTE 4 : -See
sories by Pls.
revolution, taken to cut can be esfor cutter banb. accespacked
APPENDIX B for
tools, spare
Packing
parts,
List
etc.
showing
normally
with this unit APPENDIX C for 5.
in the 2 boxes provided. additional spares normally
See held
STEAMBOILER & ACCESSORIES(FIGS II
and III)
6t
has a capaci yof 500 lbs 0 s earn per hour at 100 lbs per square in. pressure. It is oil fired, uses $bout to 7 gals of fuel per hour, rand at full load evaporates 50 gals of water per hour. The following acceSsories are provided:
(a) An auxiliarY (b) An Injector,

duotion of Feed (primus type) feed
Liqujd
water
Fuel Burner
for
starting the introwith Hand

attached
also a Hand Pump, for fitted

Pump (see
for (d)
(c)
A Boiler
Feed Tank (100 gal)

(b) above)
Boiler
(d) A Solution
(e) Carryin~ to items
Tank (50 gal)

insert~on above.
fitted
in
with
sockets
a Hand Pump
poles (c) and
(f)
A Steam Hose (60 yds) loading and unloading APPENDIX D for

parts HQ.. carried
on drum, and other Hoses.

to faoilitate
See APPENDIX A for details. (g) A Wheeled Carriage (or "Rickshaw")
from a lorry. list

with
NOTE 5 t -See
spare Unit
of aooessories
the Boiler.
and
See AP-
PENDIX E for 6.
remote
(a)
list
of spares
normally
held
at by
for
THE STEAMING-oUTAT!ACHMEn! which is

control,
A Saddle, attaohing
operated
Belt
and consists
it
of
:an adjustable and
incorporating to the banb,
(b)
A Hand Hose
Feeder,
which
sorews
into
the
Saddle
-3 NOIE 6 : -See
ing.
APPENDIX B Sec. 2 (11)
for
details consisting
lorry floor, travelling
and packof :to
7.
(a)
A SET OF LORRYFITTING. (FIG IV)

Three plates hold the boiler for in fixing position to the when
(b) TvIO steel

(0) Bar with
and
channel
2 brackets
and unloading
for
for
ramps
to lorry,
lovlering
fixing
to
take
the unloading
(d) Bloclt on ramps
ramps
Taokle raising and boiler
(e) Wood fillets

when travelling.
to seoure
50 gal and 100 gal tanks be loaded on
8. the
NECES~ARYSTORES~2tc. which should lorry and aooompany the plant t a) Oil, type M220 for
(Dieseline) Unit b Paraffin 0 Fuel Oil
the Steam Motor and Trepanning
d
e f
Spare Hose Coupling

Spare Cotton
iVashers
gauge glass and rings waste, sandbags, eta.
Solvent
(Vlashing
(A)
Soda Crystals)
METHOD OF USE -OPERATING THE BOILER
9.
~RELIMIN~IE..
(a) ~
site, quate
: -The
about oover
boiler
should
be placed
bomb, and crew exists
on a level
where adeor can
50 yds from the for boiler and
readily be provinAd sandbag wall. (b) Water: of-cfean

will (c)
by -the erection
of a suitable
-Arrangements should be made for a supply Y/ater. Approximately 60 gals per hour
UD :Connect
olear
be required. up the
and free
Connecting
all
boiler,
from grit,
and tanks
etc.,
andhosesas--sliown
that before hoses are doing so.
in FIG V, taking
care to ensure
(d)
Filling:(i) Fill the (Dieseline
Prooeed
as follows
tank
:with fUel oil and the 100 gal and
boiler fUel if procurable)
50 gal tanks
(ii) Close
less and
witb. clean
valves
water
(see NOTE 6)
(see FIGS II a,nd
all
and cocks
III) EXCEPT (a) the Top and Bottom Water Level Gauge Cocks (wb.ich sb.ould never be olosed un-
(iii)
Cooks.
Fill
the gauge leaks or the (b) the Upper and Lower
glass Water
is broken) Level Test
the Boiler,
using
the
hand feed
pump on
the 100 gal tank until the Lower Water Level should then be closed.
water issues Test Cock.
freel~ from This Cock
(e) Li~hting UD : -Light up the Auxiliary Burner in the same way as for a primus stove, place it in tt.e
fire box and direct the flame on to tubes by means of the sight hole.
Leave the esoape or it should Upper Water Level Test ai~ until steam issues be closed.
the
boiler
Cock from
open to allow the cock when
",r
4(If
wood used.
the
fire )
Auxiliary
in ~he
Burner
firebox,
is
but
out
of
action,
must
the
NOT be
boiler can be heated up in an emergencyby using a

coal
R~NG.
(a) When pressure the main burner on Boiler Gauge reads 12 to should be brought into use. 15 lbs (b) Open Blast Cock, open Fuel Valve about one-~arter turn to allow oil just to dribble out of burner, then open Burner Steam Valve fully. Regulate the valves so that the flame consists of a yellow ring with a blue cedtre; there should then be a faint brown haze at the chimney. If the flame is too yellow and gives off black mnoke, reduce fuel supply. Too blue a flwne means too little fuel or too muoh stewm, wi th danger of pbpping back and blowing out. Remove auxiliary burner when flwme is satisfactory.
(0) If Valve open. Main Burner and increase To re-light, blows oil out, olose Burner Stewm supply, leaving Blast Cock use a rod about 3-ft long
with a torch of oil-soaked as soon as burner re-lights, Valve as in (b) above.
rag or asbestos yarn; open Burner Steam
(d.) The Injeotor should be used to maintain water supply to the boiler; the Hand Feed Pump may be used in an emergency. To operate the Injector, wait until pressure reaches about 50-lbs, then :Firstly: Secondly: Thirdly: Fourt~y: Open Open Open Close until from level Injector Cock fully Injector Suction Cock fully Injector Steam Cock fully Injector Suction Cock gradually only a trickle of water issues overflow pipe. should be maintained at about
(e)
The water
half way gauge glass, but check water level ft'eQuentll by opening and closing Water Level Gauge Drain Cock, so ensuring that water level in the gauge is a true one.
(f)
If Injector fails, or stewm issues from overflow pipe, open Injector Suction Cook wide and so cool down the Injector. It' this fails, cover the Injector with a rag soaked in cold water, and replenish cold rags until Injector is cooled sufficiently to restart. Vlhen cooled adjust as before.
(g) If the Main B~rner is out for any length of time during operations, e.g., due to fuel shortage, the hose from the .Hand Pump feeder -&hould be disconnected at the Pump and left open to air. If this is not done, water may be drawn in as stewn in the boiler and condensed 1n1til the boiler is completely full of water. (h) When the pressure on the Boiler Gauge shows 95 lbs per sq-1n, check the Safety Valve to ensure that it is in working order. (j) Boiler pressure should be maintained as nearly as possible at 100-lbs per sq-in on both Gauges throughout the operation. One man will be required to act as Bo11erman during the whole time the boiler is working
10.
-5 -
11.
SOL~.
In oases where a Solvent is required (as in a Piorio filled bomb), steam should now be turned on to the 50 gal Solution Tank at the Solution Heating Steam Valve on the Boiler. Add the neoessary solvent to the tank and stir thoroughly ( 30 lbs washing soda crystals per 10 gals of water for Pior10 Acid).
12.
WN STE~.
~his should now be run out until it is near enough to the bomb to be attached to the Steam Power Unit or direct to the Steaming-out Hose, whichever may be re~ quired for subse~e.nt operations as described below. The near end of the Main Steam Hose should then be attached to the main ooup1ing on the boiler. NOTE Z : -Even when no solvent is re~ired the 50 gal tank should be connected up. It can then be used to supply hot water for cleaning the apparatus, washing hands, etc. On no account should any traces of oil, grease or explosive be allowed to get into the 100 gal food-water tank.
NOTE : -The above operations (a-j) provide a supply of steam for steaming-out the filling. Subsequent operations will depend on whether the bomb is to be steamed-out by :(a) inserting the steaming-out filling hole of the bomb. hose through the
(b) trepanning a hole in the bomb and feeding the steaming-out hose into the bomb through the tre~nned hole.
(B)_;:_~~P~NG
PREPARATORY
A HOLE I~ A BO1!B
TO STEAMING-oLYl1
13. If it is i~ossible or undesirable to remove the baseplate of a JAP bomb, or the filling plug of a GERMAN bomb, a hole can be trepanned in the case of the bomb as follows :(a) Setting UP. Thoroughly clean the surface of the bomb andpTace the detachable base of the trepanningunit on it, preferably near the highest point of the bomb and in a position where the nozzle when fed into the bomb will not foul a fuze pocket. Pass the two chains round the bomb, attach them to the ohainh90ks at a convenient point, and tighten up the coupling boxes (turnbuokles) with the spanner provided until the base is securely held in position. Undu~ force must NOT be USED or the casting may be distorted and the trepanning head will not fit on its spigot.
(b) T~e~anne liead. (FIG I). Mount the trepanning head {oomple.te with Steam Power unit) on the base and secure with the three Quick Release Cramps. Great care must be taken not to jar the cutter, as it is made of hard steel and is easily dama~d by
inrPaQ~ (0) Adjustment
engagea, rotate the handwheelslowly in an ant1until the cutter gently Then withdraw the cutter handwheel for 2 complete
of Cutter.
With
the
feed clutch
dis-
clockwise direction the bomb surface. ly by rotating the
engages slightturns
,1"
-6 ~e~lec:tif' the cutter. '(d) thi~ precaution He-engage the will result clutch. in ' dama~e tg
~utte~ Lubricati~. Erect the cutting 011 cootainer in a convenient position so that it is level wi th or higher than the bomb. Attach the long petrof'lex oil tube to the container and to the lef't hand connector on the Trepanning Head, and connect the short petrof'lex oil tube between the right hand connector on the Trepanning Head and the connector on the base below. Turn on the eontainer oil tap and ensure that there is a small flow of' cutting oil even when the machine is not running. If' there is n,o f'low, clear the tube by blowing through it or if' necessary dismantling the couplings. When steam is turned on check that the supply of' oil is increased by the operation of' the automatic pump when the p~er unit starts to rotate.
NOTE: -ted
-The
soluble cutting oil is supplied in f'orm .94--4:e t'c be mixed wi th clean the rate of' one part of' cutting oil to parts of water.
Make f'illing able, sure that the filter is in position wi tG.. 9i+. If cutting oil is soapy water may be used.
Lubrication. head. Check oil coI'X'ect grade
concentrawater at twenty
before avail-
not
(e)
Trepanner trepanner
The
level in the is M220 and
the oil filler nipple of oil

(f') steam lubricator
level should be visible through the oil hole. Use 011 gun, with M220 on the oil below the hand wheel. Put a small quantity M220 in the cavity between feed screw and cap
Inlet firmly
~d
Outlet. to the
Screw body of
the the
"air steam
line" pO\ver
uni t. port of
(g)
Scre\v the the steam
exhaust pipe po'Ner unit.
into
the
exhaust
Power Unit Lubrication. Fill the "air line" lubricator unit vii th oii M220, through the filler cap. Screw,back the filler cap tightly. Use the oil gun, v~ M220, on the two oil nipples of ~he steam power unit.
(h)
Examine
the
cutter.
cutter No cutter
This
will attempt as this
must
strain should can
be sharp;
the be only
a
and by
bjL'imt cause sharpen expert
or chipped vibration. a blunt personnel.
machine made to be done
(j)oFit the cutter and secure witli the 3 "allon" capS(~reWS, tightenIng up with the special key provided When the short cutter is used (for S.C. or thin walled bombs), the distance piece is inserted between the cutter and the main shaft, the long oapscrews being used in this case. (k) Adjus'f2nent of Cutt~. The mainshaf't should nOW' be-fully withdrawn by rotating the handwheel in a clockwise direction, with the clutch disengaged. It il3 most important that the cutters should not foul the bomb when the trepanning head is fitted to the base.
Startin;r. UP. When a pressure .of' 85-100 lbs per square inch Is available at the boller, blow steam through the main steam hose untll all condensed water has been ejected. Then connect the hose to the "air line" Lubricator and open wide both the control cook and the drain cock on the steam power
(1)
unit.
-7
Turn and on alloy! rull the
the boiler unit to main steam accelerate valve to
steam at trepanning
ru1l speed (experience vall soon dete~ine the "note" 'lrhen rull speed i's reached). The run-up period vlil1 be sufficient to clear the driving end bearing of any water which has accumulated there. The drain cock should then be closed.
NOTE~ :If the valve machine on the fails stesm By obtained this and to power start, unit close for a the few control seconds
(leaving
it quickly. fect is to start.
steam
turned
at
the
boiler)
"v/ater cause
then
open
means a this will
hannner" efthe machine
(m) Q~ssation of Out. Because of the governor fitted to the steam power unit there is no noticeable change of note when the cutter has completed its operation. It should not be necessary to go back to the bomb until the cutting is completed unless the machine stalls. In this case the whine of the machine will cease and stesm should at once be turned ort at the boiler, the cutter cQmp1etely withdravm from the cutting face by disengaging the clutch and rotating the hand\vheel clockwise. At the same time the coupling boxes should be inspected to ensure that the base has not \vorked loose. The cutter toot~ will be broken if these instructions are disregarded when the machine stalls. If for any reason the machine is stopped tiefore the cutting operation is completed the cutter should be w!thdravin sl!ght1~ before the machine is re-started The maximum times normally taken for the trepanning of bombs are :-
(German) (German)
S.C. S.D.
bombs; bombs;
cases cases
up to i" thick -10 from t"-lt1" thick-50
mins It
(11) C~:!eti~ of' cBt. V/hen the times sho\"111 above have elapsed, shut off stesm at the boiler and inspect the machine. If the cut has been completed, open drain coclc on the steam power unit and blow through before shutting off steam, disengage the feed clutch and v/ithdravl the cutter to its rullest extent by means of the hand wheel. Turn off the cutting oil tap, twre off the flexible tubes, uncouple the engine hose, and remove the trepanning Head from the Baseplate, and the Baseplate itself from the banb. (The Trepanning Unit should subsequently be cleaned caref'ul1y, oiled, and repacked in the boxes provided.)
14.
(a)
CLEANING STE~j PO\VEB UNI~.

Unless the Steam Power within 48 hrs, it should Unit is to be be dismantled used after again use
and should be thoroughly dried out and lubricated with Oil M220 before being re-assembled and packed a\vay .
(b) for The following dismantling special the Stesm
for removing
equipment \'1111 Power Unit:

driving
be
required
(i
(ii
Vlheel
puller,
geal'
vlheel
Key
for
removing
governor
(iii (iv
(c) The lo\vs parts
t" gas plug (supplied Steel rod, 2-13/16"
with the machine) x~" diameter (to be made

be 6 . for dismantled nameclature as foland
up locally).
Steam PoTier Unit G and should FIG (see APPENDIX numbers)
1li'
-8 (i) Remove cock and the airline lubricator, exhaust piping and shake and (64191), steam control as much flange which driving (63374) is a end
water
(ii) (iii) (iv) Remove Inspect
as possible
the the oil for the driving steam and
out if
of
the
machine
pinion gland
push
Clean, except
fit
and replace
driving
necessary
true pinion
re-assemble
(v) Hold true Unit rotor case bolts

(vi)
vertically (54448)
on rod the in
and remove
the governor
the
.four
so
Place the 2-13/1611 that one end rests
steam inlet valve.
Screw true -1!:" gas plug into the steam bearing on true otruer end of the rod,
draw the casing oft' the governor valve, spring out the ball spring bearing. and rod as
inlet, and so
Catch they
(vii) (viii)
Remove the Remove the clockwise (ix) Lever ball

(x)
governor bOdY and balls ball housing by turning bearing out gently
anti-
Lit't out the rotor case lining and rotor and remove the blades (xi) Clean and oil all parts and re-assemble carefully in true reverse order. Ensure that the rotor is re-assembled with true recessed end down, and that the slot in plate 483726 corresponds with the inlet passage in the cylinder casing. Tighten the rotor case bolts evenly.
(xii) (xiii) (xiv) Be.fore that the RePlace replacing shaft turns the driving true driving freely gear, pinion ensure in all positions. and pack the Unit horizontally tit gas turn a
away When possible store the Unit exhaust downwardS, and with the sorewed in. From time to time times by hand.
plug .few
NOTElq:-
On no account should a screwdriver be used to break the j oint between inlet casing and rotor case as true latter is made of aluminium and is easily damaged.
(C) 15.
-STEM!ING
OUT BY REMOTE CONTROL Tffi?OUGH A TREPANNED HOLE :Place the saddle attachment trepanned hole, taking care
fed and and in
Proceed
as follows
(El) Saddle Attachment. in position over the
to ensure that t he steaming-out hose \vhen will not foul the edges of the bomb casing, secure by passing true belt round the bomb tightening up on ~ tensioning bolts.
(b)
Hand Hose Feeder. spr:nd1etO-t~e~-and tus into true socket
Fix the s pring pressure Hose Feeder, screw the apparaof the saddle and tighten up
wi th (0)
the
tommy bar Hose.
provided. Attach true steaming-out
Steaming-out
hose to the main-steam hose an,d, with true pretJsure adjusting spring slack, ~sh true nozzle through the hand hose feeder tube until the foISer is just clear of the bomb 1'111ing.
(d) Feed Adjustment. thereisJustenough sure that the the steaming-out tightened too Tighten the Wlng nut until pressure (and no more) to pressure rolle~s grip the armour hose. If the wing nut is much it ,..ill be dif'f'icul t to work
enof
the
feede!'
by !'emote
'control.
-9 (e)OP6ratintt
(e.g.
as used with a Fuze Extractor

and lead the cord
uoI'(:!,.
Attach
a 70 yard
back
Design
to
length
the
2) to the
boiler
or
cord
brass position.
thimble
(r)
Steamin~-out. Vlhen all personnel have been withdrawn under cover, turn on the steam at the
a light in
boiler;
the nozzle
do\'ll1 to the explosive.

the it first will half only
pull
on the
cord hour
will
A pull
then
every
that a apply
bring
few minutes
will
ensure to
the nozzle
but thereafter
works its
v/ay vlell
into
the explosive,
be necessary
light p,ull to the cord about once every .20 minutes. Too frequent or too heavy pulls on the cord v/ill
only out tend to completely bore a melting hole it. through the filling with-
(g) ~tyinf1. bomb are
the- 130mb. When the contents melted and have run out or the
of the bomb is
full of liquid only, steam can be turned off and the complete steaming-out attachment removed. If the bomb 'is partly full of li!2.uid, it should be
rolled If this
the which
over to allow all does not remove
the li~uid all traces

almost out as
to drain out. of the filling,
steam should
li~uid can in then
be left
the be
on for
some time
entirely before.
longer
water,
until
bomb is emptied
NOTE 11 :-
When the main steam valve is turned off always ensure that the relief opens, tapping down the
central vertical rod if necessary. If this
precaution is neglected the partial vacuum created as steam condenses in the main steam
hose into will the cause melted steaming-out explosive hose. to be sucked
lD) -STEAMING~UTTHROUGH THE FILLING HOLE OFA GERMAN BOlvIB

16. fioulty V/hen there the is filling usually plug can be removed without difno need to trepan a hole through
the bomb as th~ filling
oan be steamed-out
most easily
through the filling hole. In this Hose is attached direct to the main ing taken to ensure that the latter in para 12 above), so that there is
case the Steaming-out steam hose, care behas been run out (as enough slack at the
then proceed as
bomb for
point follows
the nozzle
the
ultimately
The
to reach the most distant

operations
inside :-
bomb.
(a)
When hose (i)
is
fed
by hand. be wedged L~ position
The nozzle
should
(usually with sandbags) so that steam ?lill blow on to the filling exposed at the filling plug. All personnel should be withdrawn to a safe distance and then steanl turned on for 5 minutes
Steam
after peated.
should
half It an
then
hour, should
be
turned
the not
of'f
and the
nozzle
be apre-
inserted as far as it v/ill go into the filling. Steam should then be turned on again, and,
procedure should be necessary to
proach
been
the bomb again

(See
until
all off,
ad~ted
the fillipg the

as in para
has
melted removed
NOTE 11).
(ii)
Steam can now be turned

hose
steaming-out
15 (g) above.
and procedure
.,rl
-10 (1 W~~"nho~~ !s ~o :t2e!ed When it is desirable

out ~eration entirely
drilled
by remote control. to complete the steamingcontrol

to
by remote
and
the
take
fillthe
ing plug
in the base of the bomb should be replaced

taPl'ed
by a special plug Hand Hose Feeder.
The Hand Hose Feeder 18 screwed in pos;i tion

p1"ocedure is the same as in para 15 (b) to (g).
and
NOTE 1~3 : -Once

.tinued
Steaming-out
until (E) all -CLOSING down Boiler
has comnenced it
the fi~ling has DOWNTHE BOILER -
MUSTbe conremoved.
been
17.
To close
(El) Turn off

the operation
Main Steam Valve

of Relief Valve)
(aner
having
checked
(b) Turn off ( (I) Disconnect

pressure to
Fuel Supply Valve Water Feed Pipe

drop) (F) -FINAL
and Burner (before
Steam Valve the
allowing
OPERATIONS
18. Clean all Eqpt; coil hoses and pack away in the 50 gal Solution Tank. Repack the items of the Trepanning MachinEt and Steaming-out Attachment after cleaning all parts carefully, and oiling as described. Return items to the Lorry, stowing away as shown in FIG 4.
SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS
19.
(a) Attention
is
drawn to the Special
Precautions
which must be observed when Steaming-out Picric filled bombs (see BDTI D/20/62). Any and every portion of the Trepanning Unit and Steaming-out Attachments must be thoroughly washed down with clean water before removal from the bomb. (b) Before blowing up a filled which has been steamed out, fuze pocket the Officer in a bomb in charge
of the
explosive
operation
has, in
must make certain

fact, been removed
that
or
all
the
the
explo-
sion may otherwise

anticipated.
be mo~e violent p~obing

any of
than bad been the banb

explosive should
(0) Thorough and c areful

will that generally the Officer
inside
solid
show whether in charge
filling remains but if to salvage after being
a banb case is to be sent steamed out, it is essential

the operation
satisfy himself not only by probing but also by visual inspection I!!gOUGH THE FILLING HOLE that the bomb has been completely emptied, and also that no fuze or picric acid remains in the fuze pocket.
11
APPENDIX A
DETAIL OF HOS~ .~R_4~~~!~G

PLANT DESIGN III.
& STEAMING-O~
De~or11>t1on 1
I ~~~-~~~~ ~~~e~ ~8~:.x *,~r b~r~ Comprising one J.ength of r-emforced rubber hose, 180' long by 1" bor-e with Albany coupling cap and chain for 1" hose secured by 3 No Jubilee Clips on one end. To the other- end or the hose is secured by 3 No Jubilee clips the 1" branch of' a Y piece. One br-anch or the Y is employed as above, the remaining two being of~" bore and f'itted with Albany couplings caps and chains. Rubberand canvas washer-s, descr-ipti~ as below, are fitted to the thr-ee Albany couplings.
Albany
coupling
1"No.1. tIt
Albany coupling No.2. Y pieces. No.1.

Jubilee No.6. clips 1"
1 Hose 180'
No.1.
x 1" bore
Washers 1" couplingNo.1. No.2. do ~"
Engine Hose 12' X.}" bore. Oomprisingone length of reinforced rubber hose, 12' long
by ~" bore, with ~" Albany coupling cap and chain at each end. The couplings are fittec with rubber and canvas washers, and secured to the hose by Jubilee clips
3
Albany No.4.
coupling
t"
Jubilee No.4.
Hose 12' No.4.
Clips
x t"
t"
bore
Washers i" No.4.
coupling
steaminlZ out Hose.

With nozzle and flexible metallic hose. Two complete hoses are supplied, similar in all respects, each comprising one 15' length of.}" bore reinforced rubber bose, width:J;;" Albany coupling, cap and chain and washer at one end, secured by a Jubilee clip. To the other end is secured a rotating nozzle and a 8' length of metallic hose. See L.l. Drg. "F" Feed Pipe Mechanism.
Hose 15' x i" bore No.1.Viashers
Albany coupling ~" No.1.Jubilee clips i" No.2.
t" ooupling No.1.Nozzle No. 1. Metallic hose
No.1.
Screwed coupling 1
"Merryweather" No.1.
-doJubilee i'emale clips No.1. !"
male
Hose 8' x i" No.1.
No.2. Lead washer No.1.
bore
IS'"S
No.
-12 1
['10
Description
Schedule
of' parts,
hose
set
~~Ch__c~~ete
Water' Hose.
~~ore, from hand feed pump to boiler. Comprising one lengt,h of reinforced rubber hose 10' in length by in bore, wi th female "Merryweather" sore\Ired coupling at each end, each secured by a single Jubilee c:lip. Lead washers to each coupling. Part No. 459.
Screwed couplings "Merryweather" female No. 2. Jubilee Clips i"
No.2. Lead washers

Hose 10'
Boile,r Parts List.
No.2 bore
No.2.
x i No.1 J
QJ,ill~_~eed~i~~ 10' :x: i" bore.
Comprising
OnE
lengt,h of reinforced rubber hose with male "J.terryweather" Scre~red coupling one end, female ditto, the other end, each secured by a single Jubilee c:lip. Lead washer in female coupling. Female end fixel to heLIld pump, male end to special 'i tting on boiler.
Screwed c oupl1ngs "Merryweather"
female No.1.
-doClips
male Jubilee
Lead Washers No.2. Hose 10' x i" bore
No.2.
No.1.
No.1. i"
Part
7
No 458. Boiler
Parts
List
I~;ionheatin~
-pi-pe -12'x{-"
of reinlong by
COIn:P]~ising one length It'oroEld rubber hose, 12'
Albany coupling
No.1. Jub1leec11:r i" No.1. Hose
111 x ~
i"
12
Ii" bore, with t" Albany couplI~g secured by Jubilee clip ga l 1

1~lnd
No. 1.
~L.
,gnllo Rubber
The other and canvas
end was-
Qer j~ coupling.Coupling
'LO sIleoial
8
f1xes
I
washer i" No.1.
Rubber
and canvas
1'1tt1ng
on bo1ler.
Number of washers employed to con-
nect all R &: C 1" R &: C i" Lead
hosee. No.2. No.8. No.6.
Lead washers for IIMerryweather' sore~ved 0 ouplings EJct dia 13/1611
Hole dia
5/811
Ttliolaless
3/3211
No6;
-13APPENDIX B Detailso~
and steamina-out
is carried
~~oki!;!a
fgr_TrS:(2anninll
Attachment
three
Machine
1.
This ~ars~ Small
apparatus 2'4" 2'5"
in x 2' x 2'
wooden boxes
:-
~ox -A Box -B
X 2'6" X 1'3"
SmaIi Box ---q

2. low, which
(packed
inside
box A) 16~" X 9t"

is the
X 7t".
be-
A complete list of all parts supplied the letter after each item indicating the item is carried.
shown box in
( i)
TREPANNINGMACHINE
(a) (b) (c)
(d)
~
hooks (2) coupling boxes
Detachable base qhains (2),o~ain
A
A
(turnbuckles)
Petroflex
Tre"paIUlinll Head tance p1ec~ached
4
1 long,
wit,h shallow (with
tubing,
1 short
cutter and dissteam power unit
B
A
{e~
f
attached) 2 gal tin of cutting Cutting oil container
oil with No.2. No.2. No.2.
tap
and filter
Tool
lcit
hex i" "3/16" "5/16"
Keys, " "
B B B
Screwdriver, London Spanners D.E. 3/16" " "5/16" " "7/16" " 3.E. 1/3" " Box. 7/16" Tonnny " bar "extension
Pattern 4" blade x J " No~ 1 x "No.1 X 2" No.1 No.2 No.1 No.1 No.1
No
Oil
(h) Shallow
gun
cutters (3) 1 fitted
No.1
to machine 2 spare 3spare B B B B B B
1i
j k 1
Deep cutters (3) 7/16" xi" capscrews 7/16" X 2t" capscrews Split pins (12)
(6) 3 on machine (6) (spare)
m n
1 0 j
Steam "power unit Set rotor blades

(spare)
Set (4) rotor case
(attached to trepanning head) A for steam power unit head

bolts and nuts (spare) B
Grease
gun
q
r
Spare steam sealing
ring
unit
B
B (1)
Special tools for steam power Pinion \vithdrawal tool (1)
Box spanner \vi th tcmny bar

Key for governor ball housing
(1)
( ii)
a ,b \C ~d ,e
STEA}.1ING-oUT ACmIENT A'I"r

Saddle and belly band Hand hose feeder (i) Spring assembly (1) Rubber tyred rollers (4) Spri~g (1) (s are) A C C C C
f g
Vling Nut (1) Vlashers (2)

pins
(spare)
spare) spare)
C C
rollers (4) (spare) C.
~h
Taper
for
locating
Jrr
-14-
APPENDIX a Class A S ares for Pass Tre To be carried with t Part NO~. 6.
21.
24 Plug for Trepanning Petroflex oil
Mach1~e
Descr.1:ption
flller cutter, tube long
!!g.
1
6
32 3ei
Elbow i'l B. S.P. thread

female
4J/3
58
59' 61.
Petroflex tube Spring clip Oil Nipple i" Instantair coupling Clutch spring 011 sea:! 011 seal Cutter lubricant Filter ala ares
i" Instantair Trepanning
1 1
1 1 2
6" 71 7 ;:, '" 76
64
..'
coupling male cutter, short
tube Steam Pmver Unit
85/2
1 1 1 6 1 1 1 1
oarried
ring,
for
with the Unit
504413
5444S:
64191.
Rotor blades Rotor casing bolts
Sealing
nevI type
1
4 4
and nuts
APPENDIX D AccesSories and Parts Desoription. Tanks, G.I. 100 gals, with hand pump and
1 1 1 1 1 sockets for oarrying poles Tanks, G.I. 50 gals, fitted as above Hose, R. and C., hand feed pump to boiler Hose, Injector suction, with strainer Hose, Solution feed pipe
with
500 lbs.
Boiler [2.
Hosie, Solution Boiler fittings
heating pipe comprising :-
1 1
Safety valve Burner steam valves and pipes Puel tank, valves and pipes Oil burner Main etop valve and "Special Fitting" Blast cock and piIJe Boiler uptake Water gauge glass with protector and three cooks Upper and lower level test cocks Injector with steam and water valves, check valve and piping Hand feed pump check valve Blowdown cock Gauges pressure (2) Sockets for carrying poles Trunnions for carriage Mud plug and filler plug Lighting up set (auxiliary burner)
Carriage Carrying for boiler poles
1
1 2
-15
ares for carried
500 lbs Boiler with Unit
APPENDIX E
Part Ng.
302 303 354 394 409 418 420
423 471 328 337
Description
Bottom shell joint Top shell joint Strainer Test cock Gauge glass Gauge glass rings Connection for oil pipe Lead Washers Jubilee clips
Steam pipe Connection for steam pipe Oil Burner Fuel tanlt strainer
!,2.
2 2
1 1
1 1
12
1
6 1 1 6 4
452 455 472 480 part 480 part 458 459 460 -Washers,
-Vias
-Engine -steaming-out
12
Fuel pipe lower Lighting up set jets Cup washers Hose 10' solution Hose 10' water Hose 6' water Albany coupling
hers, Albany coupling
with hose hose,
lower
large
small
sheath
1 1 1
4
20
1 1 1 1 1
2
397
357-372
-Soap 461 462 463
Asbestos string
piece Albany
solution heating Albany coupling Albany coupling Coupling nut Hand pump complete
for main couplings
pipe
1
4
477
-fly" -~"
Leather washers
Albany
1
steam nose for hose
-111
couplings
for
hose
APPENDIXE (Aust LAIRD'S 500 LB STEAMBOILER equiwient to ENGLISH "Mer"!;we ather " Steam Boiler)
boiler regards differs 'ran the follO\ving the details :-
The AUSTRALIAN manut'actured ENGLISH "},tERRY'v'fEATlIER" as
1. 2. 3.
Has \velded tubes, Firing

tings fittings.
in lieu slightly iron

in place
of expanded tubes. in desi~. and steel

of copper
door differs
are used
Standard
gal v wrought
piping
steam
and fitpiping and
4.
Has a welded ket.
foundation
ring
at
bottom
of water
jac-
5. 6. 7.
Is fitted Has seating
with
2 x i"
safety
valves. welded to boiler. made by G.T.L.
pads to take fittings, type boiler,
Is marked "Merryweather and Co. Melbourne".
1$"7
-16AFPENDIXG
Parts List of ~
(See FIG )
MR3S~POWER maT
Part No.
64177
DescriPtion
No.
Q.tt 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
6
i"
641'i'8
4072:2 49357 504412 493210 49175 60495 60492 60494 37671.1 483720 48372.6 54443 49335 504411 64179 M.S. 10. 6337'4 3'75'5
Plug Cock complete with lever tIt Airline Lubrioator t" X *" Nipple Air Inlet Chamber
Spring Adjusting Screw Governor valve spring Governor valve bush Governor valve Governor body thrust bush Governor body
i" dia governor Governor plate Baok end plate Rotor oase liner Front end plate Front end
i" gas Ho.t":f'man grease Brg ~"
ball
1 1 1 1 1
x 1 If
nipple OlD
bore Flange
x *If
screw and nut
5444,8
493513 504413 49331.9 63372 5522:2 3754,3 37473 37343 493521 37372
641g11
ilf Whit hex set Rotor case bolt Rotor oaBe
1 1 1
4
50447L N677 49337 493520 37806 37796 64188
Rotor blade Rotor key Rotor shaft Rotor " spring washer " Whit bright nut "Whit stud Exhaust oover 7/16" Whit stud Gits oil seal i" gas looknut Hoff'man Brg. 1-13/16"
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
3
1
OlD
Non-
x i" wide oorroeive
x i"
bore
Bearing wing 1" gas exhaust pipe 1" gas socket 1" gas bend Set screw for i" gas lock
1 1 1
1
1
nut
REPANNINGAND STE
.NG
n
JT PLANT
E/2~O9 B.D.TI.
T .REPANNING
UNI
-REfER E IN C
w
DESIGNIII
~;:--r8
~
ICJ IJ-1
"
~ "
g
~ '"
~~
,"~
':
I
H
Po
i
c', "
~ ~
! S -~"~,, ~, ~".c~
-3J
'
~
I
./
V i
~~
"
i
~ ~ Po
'
~
~ ~
~
~ 01~
) 8 ~ ~ ~ 8 A
! ~
~i
~~
~ ~
I
~
~I
B"
0 ~ "-
!
'/
~ ~ ~
,
~
1
--
i~~
BE ~
:B 0)
~~
~,,\
,
1
!
/ I I
/ /
"I
j@
~
t
/
~ ~
~
~ -
I
'"
~ ~ ~g
i
~ g
~ ~
~j
8 ~
" ~
;
I
~
[) 0 0)
'" ,
/
~
i
i
..,!t
~ m
~ ...
.. ..
-< ~
!I
W l-
I~
V
~
-J -J
..
J:
-<
J1"9
~
FI(J
DIAGRAM
:SHOWING
LOCATION
OF
FITTINGS
ON
STEAM
BOILER
IlG-11
CHIIINn,
"-'- "'\
'ONRrroIlN VAtVl
/PRmsuB GADG~
:.=>v--
SOLUTIONBlATING
SnAIlV VI At
-SOLUTION COOPLING
11"
-'""'
~JWN STDK VALn
:---BLAST COCK GiJJGE COCK (TOP)
~
INnCTOR SlJCTIOB
LEYn
mJXCTOR -'
&7ZZZ?4! norD LSVm. ~T COCK (UPPXR)
INJECTOR COCK-: INJICTOR CliXCK VALVX
~
~
~~ '"
m--
'WATD! LEVn TlST COCK
{LOWDj
Ln:EL GAlJG~ LIVEr. GAlJG~ COCK
(BOTTI*)
---LlYn GAlJG~ DRAIlI
COCK
-CATCH
INJICTOR OVDPLOW
PIn-,-..
8IOIIT ROLE
-BLOW
'i!IJD
0"
COCK
~UG
i\ND nLLlR
~-_J
-~ 1 !
DIAGRAMMATIC
PLAN
Of
BOILER
TO
SHOW
COCKS
8. fiTTINGS
P~SURE
GAUGK
WATD LriZI.
T~T
coco
"
"
BLAST COCK BLAST Pli'S-~2:
L
~
L~
(~ . )
GAlJG~ COCKS
[1~.u
INJETOR SUCTION COCK
r -~
COCK
INJETOR
caKCK V AI. V:I
IWN~
"'..,
AND COCK
WRIIER STEAM
VALV:I
~~
Rm.ID
~
If'-
vALn /'
vAlIn
SOLUT10N~TIN STIAIi VALn G
~
l'LUG Q., (!.
"
I
# ,I
'SAn'rY
VALn
"
'BUliliD
reELPIP~
)IDp ;\HD J'ILLm
81 of
:,~
NON I!:rroD VALn
BLOW on
~ COCK~
"~" @ ,~
~
-rim. TANK
'"
JUm. VALn
---~
~", ~
20
DIAGRAM
SHOWING
LAYOUT
Of
BOILER,
TANKS
8. HOSES
~
MAIN STZAII HOSE,
SAF!.'l'Y VALVE SOLUTION rEED HOSE
lli-Y
",INJECTOR SUCTION COCK
SOLUTION HEATniG
HOSE, "'HJ\IiDPUMP
NJ(=
~
i ~!'UEL VALVE
/INJE~R
SUCTION HOSE
WA!rJ2i
,BAND ~
Q
~O OAL SOLUTIC8
TANK
ruE[.
SUPPLY
c;I; ~ F=~
Ii
-WI) COI% -=G::~::Q-WD PLUG I
BLOW-all
Ii II II II U
II II II
'I
100 GAL '/fAT!
II
TANK
I!
'---
_I
STRAJNER
SPECIAL
PURPOSE
M.R.3.
STEAM
POWER
UNIT
8ft
8CIIP
DIUCTION OF ROTATION CLOCKWISE look1nS on Shaft
End
~~
22
4i~2l0 4i175
110 &'188
'1~407 r
01
.~
---~ ~4i~57 ~---: 504412

~ -~~
PmBm> 3E1UAL
WIm 3ft 3CIID AS BROWN nI ABOVE 3KETC1!. N1JJI!JCRS OJ' TOOLS AaJ'. AS J'OLLOW5:-
~
~
e04i5
eO4i2 e04i4 'B3720
..360M
35357 to 35360 Incl. 353i3 to 353i8 Incl.
to 36103 Inol.
Ml7i,
+
A
-(~-
,
Ir~
~
-4g337
---
'- N677
5~S
504411 64179
i~---493S~
--- It.S.10
37372
~~~~7~95
63374
37M3
-37M3
~
I~l
"
---63372 /54448 493513

504413
~9352l
~g331g ~5222
SECTION
A A
SPECIAL BOMB DISPOSAL TOOLS AND ESSENTIAL COMMONHAND TOOLS, ETC. -(ANTI-JAPANESE)
1. REFERENCES:- Chap B, Secs 6 to 10 (incl.) JAPANESE fuzes.

2. TABULATION: -TABLE 1 summarizes tools rendering safe and preparation for removal of
fuzes.
I ,qRJ) I
used for the JAPANESE
NOTE 1 :- Items I ~~~I I T (A) 1 E
are grouped
TAPLE 1
in probable J
order E C
of use.
'I
lOB
IDENTIFICATION
AND ACCESSinaccessible fUzes
SPECIAL TOOL NO 7
To identify
(Fuze mirror)
2 SPECIAL TOOL NO 6 TO straighten access to tail out tail fuzes ~1ns ~or I
(Slotted
Bar) (B)
TO HElmER FUZES
SAFE -
(0)
TO
REMOVE GRUBSCREWS
,I.J
-2 .(.D) TO LOOEN FUZES AND LOCKING RINGS-
3.
4.
l)ESORIPTION.
See FIGS }!ETHOD OF USE. I to VII for details of Special Tools. (SER NOS as per TOOL NO 7 :TABLE 1 above). This tool is de-
SER 1 -SPECIAL
signed to facilitate stamped inscriptions FORE it is moved.

the bomb is reached fuze. Care should
recognition of a fUze by appearance or on the fuzels whilst in a bomb and BEThe tuze/s should be exposed as soon as
and the fuze be taken not for most mirror projected to dislodge the up to the bomb by
undercutting.
mirror are
Length
adjustable
o~ telescopic is switched
shaft
and angle
use in the and replace
o~
cirrun-
convenient
cumstan(~es.
The light
on by turning
knob at
rear end of shaft. (Test dov~ batteries and defective end of to the
light re~larly bulbs.)
SER 2SPECIAL TOOL NO 6:Apply the slotted bar to the obstructing tail finis and gently
lever c:Lear until safe or removal.

ensure that
the tail fuze is accessible for rendering This tool must be used with GREATCARE
of a tail fuze is contacted by the
NO part
tool
it:3elf
or the
tail
fins
during
the process.
SER 3 -SPECIAL TOOL NO 1 :(Usable only on A.3(A) type fuzes.) Open out the arms of the tool by pivotting the thumbscrew out of the slot and place the tool over the brass cap on the fUze. The top face of the tool must bear against the brass cap of the fuze be~ore the tool is clamped to the body. If this is not possible the
shoulde:t' of the body of the fuze

be clarrrped together. spindle, the wing nut (Prior should
and the brass tool
cap should
the
to clamping the tool over be set so tb.at only a ~ew
clockwilse
turns
are required
to clamp the
in position.)
NOTE 2 : -Be careful to impart NO ROTARY MOTIONto the spindle during the above operation.
SER 4 -SPECIAL TOOL NO 2 :spindle of Set the fuze. wing The nut
and open out the

and place the tool
tool
over
as described""1'Or
the
SPECIAL TOOL NO 1,
the
under'silie
of the
tool
must bear
against
the
top of the fuze
body be:f'ore clamping. of the spindle. Bear
This prevents in mind caution
inward movement only of NOTE 2 above.
NOTE 3 : -WARNING: This tool ONLY to be used where top --of spindle projects i" or more above top of fuze body in which case the striker needle is
not likely Otherwise to use have pierced adhesive tape the detonator, and/or wire \see
SER5 below).
3
NOT~.i :Use the small serrated recess on spindles of' diameter as in fUze B.3(A), and the large recess f'or spindles as in A.2(A) , B.l(A), C.l(A) and similar f'uzes.
For reasons
laid low)
SE gi
SIVE TAPE AND below NO spe

essential manner of' principles useimpact-
LE '!IIRE :ill can be

(see (b) be-
down; but certain must be adhered to (a) Factors (i) affecting
~x!:~nt
of' dama~e
due to
A~ing
vanes,
bosses
and/or
arming
spindles
f'uze,
aland
most invariably suf'f'er to a lesser extent in
damage in a nose a tail fUze
(ii)
Diversity There are

arming in mid vanes air
of' t:voesdif'f'erent
rotate
actions
of'f',
in various
types
the
of'
fUze
arming mechanisms employed,
e.g.
in some cases
from
separating
(b)
General (i)
principles-
The object to bear in mind is that movable parts of the $rm1ng mechanism must be securely bound in position so as to prevent IMVARD, OUTWARD or
ROTAJrI movement
(ii) To ~et ject NOTE 5 :fUze in conditions the most as in efficient to (a), cOmnon sense must
be used and some ingenuity exercised in the manip~ation of' this medium, so as to achieve the obmanner. para "Rendering Safe f'or As a guide under ref'er
Handling"
of the BD'l'I describing

consideration.
the particular :by an exploed that Conse-
SER 6 -OIL
(a) Initiato sive neutr saturation
CAN (and Kerosene)
of
the
former
can
be
assured.
quently this method is used vfhere striker points are suspected of' being embedded in initiator caps, in an endeavour to prevent functioning of the latter should
relative movement subsequently occur
(b) I.leans of' entry (i)

protected accessible (ii) In Accessibility
compositions
of' under initiator simple, tin foil case the is
JAPANESE initiator
by a covering in the to this
are normally
or copper,
which of' course
is punctured
and the
via as there
composition
the is fUze
consideration
body is
a problem depending clearances
upon the type
of fUze.
a
the be reSee
some cases
passage via
keyways, eta, initiator. moved giving
around spindles
and through
from the top 01' the fUze to In others a screwed stud can direct access to the ~nterior.
relevant
sideration. (c) Injection-
BD'l'I tor
the particular
fUze under con-
(1) All oil can is a convenient medium,and is desirable fram the point of view that the method used must NOT EXERT STRONG PRESSUREON THE LIQUID.
.r'r
-4 (11) Wbenus1ng the oil can it may be found

necessary injection 7 (also (d) to improvise a leak-proof and retention as prescribed see NOTE 6 below) precautions to be and effectiveness method for of SER
CAUTION -For taken to neutralize
observed, time of this tech-
Itlique refer
SER7
(a) After this is
to BmI
-OIL
B/10/93,
para 14.
mixture) :-
GUN (an~
access see
Soli9.!f;ling
gaining necessary,
to the relevant
fuze interior (if BDTI describing
the
particular
fuze),
prepare
nozzle care
the
solidifying
mix-
'ture
(b)
and load
gun
of gun into or against NOT to jar the fuze NOR
Carefully access hole,
insert taking
'to make contact (c) Inject mixture
with into
the internal fuze until
mechanism cavi tie s are conby or (see
]!lOTE 6).
,elapsed,
sidered to be filled to requirements specified 'the relevant fuze BMI. Replace screw studs otherwise seal access hole to prevent leakage
(d) Retire to a ~afe distance :less than the s'etting time

at the expiration
until a period NOT of the mixture has

of which the fuze should
'be incapable ~-2 : -According

of
of functioning to lie
hole in fuze,
in the
nomal
manner location
may
of the bomb and/or

some ingenuity
access
be required to inject the mixture and retain same in the fuze until solidification has taken place. Luting, putty clay or similar plastic substance may be used to improvise leak-proof method of injection and retention of the mixture.
~..1
(a)
:their setting fully described should be used in
Suitable solidifYing mixtures, 'times and method of' mixing are :BIYl'I E/22/118. These mixtures whenever possible
(b)
If' necessary to improvise a mixture, Portland Cement could be used (Q.uick-setting type if' available), but it takes longer to set. SERs 8.9. ot'ten f'ound !Q with :- Grubscrews securing i'uzes no slot to receive the blade in
bombs
of' a sc:rewdriver.
are
In such cases -
(a) If' grubscrew projects beyond, is f'lush with, or is slightly recessed belC111 sur-lace of' bomb case, make a cut across the end of' same with the Hacksaw slightly cutting into the bomb case if' necessary. 'rhis only takes a minute or so. (b) If' grubscrew 'banb case use (i) is vrell "Ezi-Outs" recessed below and drill surf'ace of'
Select a small drill about ~ diam of' grubscrew and drill a shallow hole endwise in latter
-5 (ii) Replace drill in size, insert latter brace anti-olookwise. thread ot' "ezi-out"
oomnence to unscrew.
bit in
r
by "ezi-out" drilled hole (As soon as

ips grub screw,
ot'suitable and rotatetapered

it will
NOTES:
-It
is not grubscrew.
necessary
to
completely
unsorew
NOTE 9 : -Width ot' screwdriver greater than i-in. SER 11

f'uze select and/or tool
blade
must
NOT be
-SPECIAL as t'ollows
TOOLS NOS 3 and 4 : -When

is and proviaea-Wfffi tool No 4 t'or tool larger holes,
f'uze locking ring No 3 t'or smaller
:f'uzes
and proceed
around the body ot' t'uze (or in tool hole. Upon turnlocking ring) should com-
FOB! tion C -shaped locking ring) and ing anti-clockwise, mence to unsorew.
portion insert lug f'uze (or
NOTE lQ
:-
It' f'uze (or lQOking rin~) SER 12 (Stillson Wrench).
is
too
tight,
use
NOTE 1~ : -CAUTION: Only just suf:f'icient NOTE !~ :Fuzes are and minus
unscrew a t'raction to loosen t'uze. t'ound hand-tight
ot' a turn only,

proand
sometimes grubscrews.
vided, t'nZes
SER v1z 18-~ having no

S
12STILLSON WRENCHES: -Two sizes are and 10-in t'or use 00 very tight f'uzes tool boles. See NOTES 10, 11 and 12.
case.
ot' spanner anti-olookwise.
to NOTES, 11 and.1
5 :Apply large end A) type f'uzes and turn also apply in this
The small end of the tool fits the spanner flats of the NaV7 Standard Gaine. Although lat~er is normally only hahd-tight, this tool is usefUl when improvising a remote control method of separating gaine .t'ran striker mechanism in cases where embedment of striker point in detonator cap is suspected (see BDTI B/10/93, paras 9- 10, 11).
1:!Qm
3-:7
SPECIAL BOMB
USE -RENDERING rUZES SAFE
DISPOSAL
REtER EINC B.D.1:I. E/22/27
ANTI -JAPANESE
mESE IN7ERNAL
BE SERRkTElJ OR
D1a HOLE FOR
nlREAD]IiTO
", Ri\DIUS
I" RJ\DIUS
.
3'jli::Jl3-' ft OR .V.'.5HmS l'IECES n m ro SUIT
IlATmIAL:IIILD STEEL CASt-HARDlNm
.",
FIG' II -TOOL
J, i Q ScaJ.e in
N I).
l~ Inches
BOMB DISPOSAL
ANTI- JAPANESE
USE -ACCESS, IDENTIFICATION, AND FUZE LOOSEN1NG.
-1-
REfER
EINC
B.D.TL
E/22/27
et'
a aE.'.
FIGsIII TOVII
10 8WGlIB PLAT!"
~mI;.L:-
MILD STEEL
CASE H.;RDDIU)
~T TIP
FIG III -TOOL
N 3
~ ..
aJ.. RADIIJS TO SUIT, .;:t.

.-j
,..A
...
=-U:--.!"
"3.~ 'UCTIOB
'X Xi
I/ATERIAL: -
IlILDSTXEL
CASX BAJlDmIm> AT 'rIP
FIG IV -TOOL
N 4
.u".,ALL ..~ BADII LOn '" DISCBEIc. 0' WORXSiOFO
~
H
~
~
~
~
~
a'~.~
KI. TIRIAL :MILD STEEL CA8J:\
SCREW LIGHT SWITCH
HARDmmJ INSIDE JAWS
I.LCi-.Y TOOL N 5 J'9
FIG VII
TOOL 'N 7
E IIi C., A 1;1 F.

noz,m DISPO;3i\L TECHNICAL Im3TRtrarIOlf.
STERILIZATION OF JAPANESE BOMBS
Use of TheI'1:1it EClUil'nJent REFEREliCES

I3D1'Is D/20/57, D/20/49, D/20/117, D/20/27
2.
(a)
OBJECT AlillPERB\Jg!iIANCE.
Q.pject: To sterilize" 19n1tlng the explosive normally burns away the relnainder occurs. a bODlb, as it filling, portion before a reduced lies, by 01' which detonation
of
(b)
PerfoI'lnance -~ (i)
(ii)
Method 1'illings
is useless (see para

a hole l~-in. lying
on certain 3(a) belov/)

awrox thick, i-in. in
types
diam vmatever
of
in
bomb
Will burn cases up to the bomb is
bomb position
(iii)
Nol~ally 50% of explosive filling v/ill burn a\vay, the remainder detonating (but see (iv) belpw) (iv) li\1ll and instant detonation, or occasional complete burning out without detonation, are possible variations in the behaviour of i~ited fillings.
3.
WHEN TO ~S~. (a) WARNING.

{ll-~ls teohn1~e identified as cast (Lyddite) must being or ~ fiIIea-w1th powdered be form, used on bombs PICRIC ACID or a mixture in
01' PICRIC ACID and any bombs having a central
other core
explosive, of cornpl'essed
or
on
PICRIC
(1i)
ACID powder
It will ONLY be attempted on such bombs or mine fillings which may burn away in a confined space, and v/h1oh should NOT produce instant detonation. (See BIYl'I D/20/27 for permissible cases) (b) Until instructed otherwise, this process n~y be used on bombs or mines de1'initeJ.y reco0lized by colour markings, eto., as having main fillings canposed of -
(1)
(1i)
TNT,
AMATOLS and mixture

and of
TNT/AMATOLS
AN1S0L, c~ressed provided PICRIC there ACID
Mixture or HEXANI~ is NOT a central core pa/{der -
(i11)
(iv)
but subject to the follCH/ing provisos That the bomb is of a type v/hich cannot be rendered sa1'e or defUzed before removal
That the detonation rislc 01' an instant, can be accepted fUll, or partial
(v) (vi)
(c)
That This
it is a CATEGORY A2 bomb method will NOT be used on GErodAN bombs.
To aid in awlying proviso (iv) above, recent tests have proved that the resultant explosion in many cases resembled more the bursting or a boiler than the detonation of a high explosive. Vlhere a fUze or plug had been removed allo\ving greater escape 1'or gases generated, complete burning out o1'ten resulted.
J7/
1.
-2 li!)Wever. always re.'la~ (1) (11) Risk Risk of of pa~t1al detonation fUll and instant as ALMOST CERTAIN. detonation as POS-
SIBLE.
4..
~SORIPTION OF EQP'l'.
(a) A special crucible, with sheet steel case, ret]:'acto~y lining and a i-in. diem ootlet hole; two t~~es are provided, one with base outlet, the other wJL side th outlet. (b) A disc ot outlet hole (c) A steel 20 gauge sheet ot the crucible. clamp steel or holder. tor covering the
crucible
(d) "Military" Thermit, a mixture ot alwn1nium and black i~on oxide, which burns when ignited by a special igniter charge. (See NOTES 1 and .2 below)
(e) A special dual methods safety fuze. Igniter charge, which is ot tiring, i.e. electrically (See NOTE 3 belovr) provided and ,vith by
(f)
Sandbags, bricks or other which to rest Holder. : -"Welding"
suitable
material
on
~u.
Thenni t must
NOT be used.
llQ.'!'1L@. :-
The "Military" Thermit required is supplied in 5 lb oans, hermetioally sealed tor tropical conditions. Igniter Bags supplied are each provided an electrio flash and a 6-ft length of safety fuze securely positioned in the
packed for in use. Bags hermetically are individually sealed tins.
~lJ
:.ready
with bag
5.
Eqpt.
..!JALEOF-ISSUE.
Each unit RAE carries .~ "set" conlprises :a b c d
rour
sets
of
The~l1t
1 crucible and clamp 4-20 gauge sheet steel diSCS 2-5 lb charges of Thermit 2 Igni te~ bags
6.
litETHODOF USE.
(a) rQintsof used if the to use under tack should Attack. The prOcess would rarely be fuze had been withdrawn. If necessary these circumstances, the point of atbe in the centre ot the banb. In
fUzed bombs, the point of attack sh~ld be chosen as far away as possible front the fuze or fuzes. (See NOTE 4 below). Suitable points are described as follows :JAPBOMBS (with nose and/or tail fuzes) (i) If Nose EUze only, a point on the about 3-in forward of where the tail joins the barrel (ii) If Tail Fuze only, a point on the about 3-in back fran the nose ,veld
(iii) of If the both nose barrel. and tail fuzed, in the
barrel piece barrel

centre
-3
rrOTE
:-
Detonation of fuzed when the sensitive systems are h,eated
bombs can easily constituents of beyond a certain
occur exploder tempera-
ture,
burnt n no result.
(b)
hence the
depends ccount
amount of filling
deal on the metal
\vhich is
distance be allowe to
a great Unlst
betv/een the fuze
and the point

molten
of attack. etona ion Inay

Distances
_10:1'/ Qver a f'uz~ as instant

Safety Preo~ut.ions and PreoautTOns nnlst
~e~t~~~ point of g~ attackand Firin~:
: The always
usual Safety be enforced.

Set up orucible
(c)
above
(i)
With
frOm type. the
outlet
horizontal,
4 to
5-ins
and
above
using
point
the
of
base-outlet
attack
on bombs ly1nZ
(ii)
(i11)
hol'izontally
1 to 2-ins the side from
or up to 70 deg
point
the
With horizontal,
outlet
or attack
bottom (This of is
on bombs at an angle
using
sheet over Insert the the crucible
greater
than 70 des to the

pour crucible.
steel disc in the outlet hole.
essential as it delays the exit till the v/hole mass has properly
(iv} Charge the crucible {see NOTE 5 beIO\'l) :with Open thermit themUt
of mol ten foetal heated up.)

as follows container by
removing Vii thdra./

enwty
tear-off cambric
strip (see NOTE 6 belov/). bag containing the therlili t and

into the oonta1ner. Tip con-
same back
tainer.
enQv/ise several
times
to ensure
perfect
mixing of ingredients, ible letting the the~n1t gers (see NOTE 7 below).
then pour into run through
the oruothe fin-
Use 5-lb
thick,
but (v)
of
thermi t for
where
10-lb Bag
bomb cases up to 'l-in

greater thicla1ess,
outlet crucible. top surface of
and 10-lb
of
always use Insert Igniter
in a side under the
(vi)
the therm1t. To prevent
slag
unnecessarily
heating
the
bomb case,
slag into clear which
build
up with
earth
to throw
to
the
safety
of the case the slagoan
or scoop out a hollow drop clear of the case.
(vii)
Connect distance,
up electric leads, retire and fire (see NOTE 8).
NOTE 5 : -If themUt is ignited in a damp crucible, the crucible m~ burst owing to rapid formation of steam. Crucibles must be kept dry and sto~ed 1n a dry place. They can be dried out in an
oven.
NOTE 6 : -Do
until each
NOT open thermi t cans or igniter

required other. for use. Store them
bag tins
remote from
NOTE 7, :- Ingredients to segregate port and storage, tend resulting in

ing and excessive slagging.
during incomplete
transburn-
NOTE 8 :-
The safety
(i)
fuze
is
prov1dedflash misfires, Precautions will bomb is approached. 1n be which ob-
in case electric event full Safety served before the
(i1)
NOT ava11able.
in
case
means of
firing
electrically
are
"1'.1
-4 -
A!~.
(a) When experience of this method has been gained it
w:Lll be possible to judge from the colOUr of the smoke when combustion of the explosive commences. Tl:le stages are:First: Initial puff of ignit~r
Second:
Third:
White
smoke and sparks
from burning
theI'n1it Smoke of burning explosive, which varies v/ith the explosive but is distinguishable from Second stage being darker. vol~s of smoke are given off at first,
(b)
Large
but may die

again.
down f'or
short
periods
and then begin
PRECAUTIONS.
(a) It is difficult to judge from a distance vlhen
combustion is finished, and so, unless the banb detonates, it should NOT be ap'Proached for one hour ~~t~~ ~he ~heIm!~ ~s been'PP!!ed, and only then iJ:' it is clear that combustion has ceased.
(b)
The heat of combustion will make the bomb red hot oo1d those defUzed bombs which do NOT detonate are normally f'ound with casings partially split. The pl'ooess should NOT therefore be applied in places where a conflagration might result.
8. '7.
E INC., A 11'1 F. BOMB DISPOSAL TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION.
ISSUED
20 DEC 43
SOLIDIFYING JAIXTURES (Interim Instruct.1on) 1
.~.
FOREI'JORD
This technique 1s in the developmental stage. Details covering a ~vider application will be given later; but surticient data is n~v available to serve as a guide for use in certain specific cases.
2.
OBJEal'.
3.
ACTIO~.
After form, (para injection into the the mixture rapidly 2) in the following
striker point is
thin paste the object
fUze in liquid or hardens, achieving manner NOT in contact with
(a) Cases Initiator.
where
(1) By interposition of filling space between and/or -.

(11) or in By 1mmobilising other working certain fuzes.
a solid strilcer
chock completely and initiator,

mechanism strikers
springsf cloc~vork parts which actuate
(b) :C~~~~..~~e~~ ~~~~l:e:__:Dg!!!t _is_im1?edd~!!!!! initiator. the striker.
By filling up space in fUze body immediately above arming spindle, thus preventing outward movement of
NOTE 1 :- There is also a general clogging action due to blocking of clearances, air passages, etc., and the tendency for moving parts to
be bound together.
4.
method
PER]'O~C~
of use This depends upon the type of mixture and the
(a) Mixtures whiQh depend upon cooling or air drying for solidification are dan~erous to use, because of(i) Doubt as to former type
Uncertainty type Suoh stitutes mixtures in oases should of ~ extreme be used urgency. as sub-
penetration
before
cooling
of
the
(li)
as
to
setting
time
of
the
latter
(b)
Mixtures for use in performance
described in paras 5 and the cases laid down, but is dependent on-
6 are suitable satisfaotory
17r
-2 (i) Preparation simple

(ii)
in strict
accordance
with
direc-
tions given (these howeverare of a V9pY

na turc)
technique, of certain which must ensure the spaces in the fuze. Injection rapid filling
5.
SPECIAL GLUE SOL1JrICN.

(a) Specially designed for use where the must be forced through fine clearances order of C.O8-in. (b) Howpa,ck;ed. (less water) sufficient to deal with packed as a self-contained unit in an sealed can. The main boa.y of the the glue, which is separated from a mixture of the
Exa.-n'Ple: Fuze C.3(A)
Ingredients one fuze are hermetically can contains
bottle containing formalin by an inner container also graduated as a water measure and connected
the sides strip. (c) Preparation (i) (ii) (iii) Note degrees of the for can by a soft use. (Takes soldered less than tear-off 1 min)
to
local shade FAHR (i.e. tear-off with
temperature 80, 90,100, strip
to nearest etc.) and water
ten
Remove lid,
measure ~ glue
from can.
Fill measure common dri~ing water
to
raduation
mark corres
for
ondin
to local
to the
Bruade temperature. stirring briskly (iv) Next add contents glue, again stirring
Add the wa er a few seconds.
of formalin bottle to the briskly for a few seconds
The mixture is now reaa.y for use, AND WILL sm AT THE EXPIRATION OF TEN MINUTES.
(d) 111,:lection in thef'uz~. When used on fuze C.3(A) tMTecalemite type grease gun, and the screwed ~lze head ada~tor are required
(e) Consistenoy. (i)

(ii)~. tough like
Pre-set. a heavy gear

At
A homogeneous liquid oil

tacky gel, rubber.
cOOl:parable to
becoming
first a un~oanized
rapidly
6.
~STER
OF PARIS MIXT~.
a vital A good springs,
(a) For use where there is direct access to cavi ty via an existing or a drilled hole. medium for the immobilising of compressed e.g. FUZE a.2(A)
(b) Hov{ -packed. (i) Suffioient pov/der to deal with one fuze is packed in an hermetioally sealed oan, whioh must on no account be opened until just before use
-3 (ii) The lid, seoured by a soft soldered tear-off strip, serves also as a water measure. for use. (Takes about 2 mine) mark
(0) Preparation (i) (ii)
Remove lid and fill wi th oommon drinking
same to graduation water tin
Add v/ater to the powder in the a thin smooth paste.
and mix to
The mixtUre is now ready for use, AND V/ILL Sm' HARD SUDDENLY THE EXPIRATION OF TEN AT
MINUTES.
(d) V/ARNING.
suitabJ:e as the (e) Inje~tio~ apparatus for C.3(A)
Plaster
grease
of Paris
gun injection
mixtures
into
are NOT
such fuzes
into for
fuze. injeotion
The oil through
gun is a suitable an opening.
7.
CLEANING JiPPARATUS I~IEDIATELY APrER USE. ALL apparatus used Imlst be cleaned out free mixture immediately after the operation has been completed. water
effective water being
of solidifying of injeotion
NO'l'E 1 : -Running
found warm
through
if
the
apparatus
will
be
done at preferable
an early stage, where the Glue
Solution
is employed.
NOTE 2 : -Once having set, Glue Solution CAmfOT be d1ssol ved, AND IT IS NOT SOE'rENED BY TIm APPLlCATIONOFimAT. out. --It wIll then-have to-b~-pick~d
117
E iN 0., AM F.
BOJimDISPOSAL TECImICAL INSTRUCTION. FUZE EXTRACTOR DESIGN III (AUST) (AND PNEUMATICSHEARS) IN'l'ERD.i INSTRUCTION
1.
(a)
]PREWO~.
As repeated references are apparatus, advance 1nfo~ation brief description is set out made herein to this in the fo~ of a belovr.
(b) Detailed operating BIYl'I at a later date.
instructions
will
replace
this
2.
ODJEOT.
To unscrew by remote control
or left
all
hand
knovm types
thread, in-
of JAPANESE fuzes, oluding fuzes with
whether locking
-
right devioes.
3.
PERFURMANCE.
The apparatue can be quickly and applies a torque oapable and seourely of overoaming
post tioned,
both a looking pin or a looking ball as used in present long delay type fUzes. The application of power is gradual and uniform with freedom fram impaot.
4.
DESCRIPl'ION.
-~-
The maohine incorporates a pneumatic engine operated by an air o~ressor supplying 80 lbs/sq.in. pressure. The design inoludes a compound piston which aotuates a pair of lever arms connected to a ratchet wheel through suitable pawls.
A to suit the sleeve reoeives shaped various fUzes. types of grip rings different
The sleeve is moved axially towards its engagement position by air pressure, thus extending the remote oontrol prinoiple to the fitting of the extractor grip
rings.
left hand direction In view of the possibility of the enemy using threads, provision is made for reversing the of rotation of the grip rings by remote control. After fUze has been unscrewed, a spiral by compressed air, slo\vly withdraws the the bomb fUze pocket. spring oomplete
oushioned fUze from
The
(a) A Spanner fUzes (b)
follo/ing
type,
grip
which
rings
engages
have
the
been
flats
designed
on certain
A Wedge type, existing tommy
in bar
which holes
headed in the
pins fUze
inserted are used
into as
"edges (0)
between Die
the type,
fuze
dies. parallel either of
faces is
and fitted
gripping with
rings. a right
A Thread
which
and left hand set for gripping plain faces of fUzes in tion.
Th.1.s tYI'e is intended or plain conical surright or left hand.direc-
J79'
-2 When mounted ~eady fo~ use, the engine is supported by a crank connected to the attachment
gear. The and accurate
suit bombs ranging from 6-in.

The attaohment t-o the gear bomb. anchors
object radial
of the crank adjustment
to l8-in.
the
ie to of the
enable ~ick grip ring to
diam.
apparatus
securely
A whistle progress of the engine.
for the operations
purpose is
of fitted
audibly indicating to the exhaust
of
Complete
weight
of
the
apparatus
is
50 to
60 Ibs
5.
A~IL~IAf(YEQUIPMENT -PNEUMATIC S~S.

These shears wi~l be supplied with the Fuze
Extractor Design move obstructing

of tail fuzes.
III tail
(Aust), their f'1U1ction being to refins preparatory to the withdrawal

steel sheet 80 Ib/sq.in.
up to 3/l6-in.
The shears will cut through mild thick with an air pressure of
Two cutting blades are welded to operating ~us linked to an hYdraulically driven piston ,~hich is connected to an operating plunger and cylinder. actuated operation that close slipping Operation by a finger is controlled or thumb. dual handles hand cutting plate to be cut by a trigge~ \vhich is
In addition
is controlled, right or lef't away from the
to the rear handle from v/hich the

are provided so can be effected.
Cutting blades are suitably

is
curved so that
obviated.
E IN C., AM F.
BOMB DISPOSAL
STETHOSCOPE, ELE<7l'RICAL,
DESIGN IVB
(Operating Instns)
1.
OBJE~.
(a) The objeot of' the Eleotrioal stethoscope certain whether the cloak or a German (17) lar clookwork bomb fUze is working or not.
(b) The DESIGN (i) portable IV To working listen B, be is taken near f'or a type Stethoscope f'or the use bomb can f'uze. to as shart be i~sued, :that quickly ~en
is to asor simiviz.
intended down
f'ollows so
the bomb ticking
themselves
(i1)
For listening the extra cable
by remote provided.
control.by
~a~s
or
2.
PERFORMANCE.
It is ~ite as sensitive as the El~ctrical Stethoscope Design ~I and, as it is fitted vdth a hand operated volume control, it is capable of better adjustment Vfith it a ticking (17) fuze has been heard 'through a 10-ft. metallic probe having a good metallic contact on the banb.
$.
DESCRI~ION. The Electrical

(a)
(See
diagrams) Stethoscope
set enclosed To the box the follo\ving
of :-
Design
in is
IV B consists
box, a fab-
A valve amplifying total weight 13-lb. ric pooket containing (i)
a metal attached :-
A pair of headphones on a 10-ft. lead connecto ternlinals in the instrument. (ii) A crystal type microphone, TYDe C, incorpor~ting a magnet for attachment to thebamb and connected to the terminals in the inst~ent by a 6-ft. lead. This lead is cut, one end being provided with a plug, and the other \vith a soclcet. The object of this is to enable an extension lead of cable (described in (c) below) ted
to (b)
be connected microphOlld
up to
microphone carried.
and instrument. SinQe
A second
'ryTJe B is
this microphone can be insulat8Q fran the magnet by two non-metallic distance pieces, it can be appl~ed to a bomb while it is being stewl1ed out without fear of dwnage by heat. ON 110 ACCOUNT must the mic~ophone TYPe C be used in conneQtion with steaming-out of' bombs. (c) Microphone drum. This extension cable is a concentric 50-yds. cable. long on a steel
NOTE.
:-A
cirouit diagI'amancl inside the removable
pertslist are pasted cover of the box.
1.if
~~
4.
inside the box. rrOmPARE1!~R USE.

on the set
: -A spare 2. 5V. tell-tale
l~
bulb is carried
(a:) Switch then glow).
(the
red
tell-tale
lamp
should
(b:) Test the set one end of" the ]~hone (magnet) ',olume control
by placing a \'1atch in contact IIlith metal stethoscope box and the microwith the other end. Adjust the to give the best signal.
~.A
: -Do not 'bring the microphone watch or damage may result
too near the to the watch.
5.
Vi'REN USE. TO
The electrical Stethoscope so :t'ull use should be made of" fuzes are suspected, it is a valuable aid ot' it. It' clocknnlst be used :-
to sa.t'e1iY, work ty]>es
(a) 'If~n.~he bomb. is c~~tacte_d by ~ !;!)~t~llio p!:obe. Place the magnet on the probe and listen4 Great care nnlst be taken to ensure that the probe makes clontinuous metallic contact with the bomb. It' the olock is ticking it should nol~ally be heard. It' no ticking is heard, this nnlst NOT be taken as de.1~inite proof" that the clock is NOT ticking.
(b) IrImlediatel
(c) Thereai'ter tlave been
;'.pply the m.
at_~~eQUent exposed. intervals until
osed.
n.
the
f'uze/s
(d) Immediatel been exposed

(e) til ~h~~etter the t"Uze
a 7 or and reco~ised.
~t has intervals been
similar
clockworlc
fuze
h s
and destroyed
by
remote or made
cont_~~Ql, permanently
un-
innocuous,
particularly:-
(i) (ii)
been applied.
Immediately Immediately
after after
any disturbance of" the banb the STEVENS STOPPER has
(f") Durin
and steamin
-out.
alonly one of" bat-
{Using
~.i : -In an emergency the set will f"unction, though not wi th strong signals, with L.T. batte17 ~rovided the second. pair te~J terminals is shorted across.
NOTE 5 :- H.T.
battery
Yellow Blue
leads
are coloured
:-
-positive -negative
: -"Vhen replacing L.T. batteries care nnlst be tal~n to ensure that they are properly seated in the container, bellind the lip, so as to prevent the batteries slipping down and shorting the terminals on the case.
6.
clean.
contact
Eo
"ith The the micr~hone bomb and
ro.!AJ."rCEUS. AND
nnlst be the points placed of" in contact good metallic should be
-3 The shorter the metallic path which separates the microphone from the fUze the greater will be the sensitivity of the instrument. Thus ticking heard through the headphones is normally louder flhen the microphone is applied at the fUze itself. Similarly the ticking may be only very faintly heard, if at all, through a metal probe 6-f't. long which is in metallio contact with the bomb (but refer to para 2). Should the fUze poo~et and fUze of a GER1VUN bomb be sheared off below the fUze head in such a way that the clockwork fUze is not in metallic contact with the case of the bomb, it has been found that the ticking can nevertheless be heard with the microphone on any part of the bomb itself.
In soope has the order best to ensure that possible performance, the electrical it is stethoessential
that batteries should be properly maintained, and that terminals and connections should be tight. Even so, performance of individual instruments may vary sl~ghtly and it is essential that every officer should frequently test out his own stethoscope under varying conditions.
Under certain a metal probe, the very weak. Hence practice, to these conditions, such signal strength it is necessary faint signals.
all the
throogh may be ear, by
as listening of the ticking to accustom the
oessive
Pram the foregoing stages for listening

(i) the Through banb a is metal gained
it as
probe
is work
as
clear that the sucprocee~ are :soon as contact with
(ii) (i1i)
Immediately any part of the bamb is exposed Again, when a f'Uze is exposed and identified If the olock is ticking, it MAY be heard through a probe, but if no tioking is then heard it is I1cot positive proof that the cloak is not ticking. S1m1larly, it is conceivable that under certain oondit1ons a ticking cloak might
not the be heard nose of vrhen the miorophone a very large bOOtb. was applied to
7.
~THO.DS US~. QF
CASE 1 : -Before and after fUze is exposed hereitThis is the perlod during in described is particularly oan be conveniently carried self at fre~ent intervals. whioh the portable set usefUl since listening out in the exoavation
CASE 2 : -When
to is see if normally
it
is
re~ired
to
listen
at
intervals
This
the clock done by
has stopped or remote control.
re-started.
CAS~~:out -As be used,
Vihen a bomb is being trepanned and steamedfor Case 2 above, but microphone T~B must and the extension pieces must be J:rttea to the Type wrlJ:be C be used irreparably when
miorophone. On no aco~t IInlst tnicrophone -s-te~fug-=ootthe bomb, or it dama~d by the heat. NOTE 7 : -See para microphone 8 (c) for Type B.
assembling
instructions
8.
(a)
OAR~ AND MAINTENjJJ'iQ~.

The chief care should and to replace run-dO\'/n be to batteries keep connections and worn tight CRlt
fi'J
valves are :-
which
are
Ordnance
supply.
Their
descriptions
-4 Battery,
0011, dry
dry,
X, Mk.
H.T.
11
60 V. No.1.
Ehg. Cat.
" II
No. W.B.
"~V.B.
1565
0200
Valves. \VT/A.R.P.12
(b) Rleotrical stethosoope
'."""
oan be put out of
Z.A. 7023
aotion
or rendered less sensitive if they are subjeoted to jolting. They should be carefully handled at all times and cushioned !'ram the lorry during transport. Sponge l'tlbber strips fixed to the batteries under the box proved successful for this ~rpose.
(0) Instructions
B.
ing.
for
the
assembly convenient
of
n11crophone of
Type
Figs
4 and 5 depict
note be prior
method
assembl-
Particularly rods must first iitl the magnet

box (under e:2Ctension no rods
that the bases of the extension plaoed in their respeotive slots to screwing on to the crystal
endeavour slots after to force screwing the on
oircumstances into magnet
t,:> crystal
box).
9.
diagnosing
XESTINgsTmHosCOPR :roRFAULTS.
The faults following :tests should be applied for
(:1) First test If this test the following

(ii) an. voltmeter, (ii:1) TEST batteI7 TEST neoting Listen tions mally socket THE if FOR the with in the attached. into TEST
f'or general performance with proves unsatisfactory proceed tests in the order given.
for 2.5 the BATTERY reading voltage. V are L.T. as is with sh~Nn on
a watch. with
L.T. BATTERY If' less than replace H.T. this
set switched a pocket
battery. above, lower and than replaoe 45 V. by disconthe
(i'I')
SUSPECTED
FAULTY
MICROPHONE
microphone and switohing on the set. the headphones and tap the connecset to which the microphone is norwhich !f,ap the one of microphone the holes cable in the plugs.
If clicks then- heard it proves that the rest of' the set apart f'rom the microphone is functioning. ('I') TEST THE HEADPHONES by touohing
connectionssimultaneeusly to any 2 V. battery.
the
two
head-
phone nected
with leads conMake the contacts
on the
block 1:r the
screw
terminals
case. are ili
on the
Clicks order.
valve
should
mounting
be heard
inside the headphones
(v:l)
TEST THE VALVES, with removilig the valve caps the valve terminal thus heard in the headphones,
th;e set switched on, by ONE AT A TIME and tapping exposed. If' a click is the valve under test is
in
order. The necessity f'or cheoking should not be overlooked. extension
NOTE.S. oables
STETHOSCOPE ELECTRICAL
DESIGN IVB
REf"ER
B. D.l:
E/23/104 SHEET NO]
MEmO!) or UBI TN SHA.",
~
JS"
STETHOSCOPE ELECTRtCAL
DESIGN IV B
REFER
Bo DoT:
E/23/104
SHEETN 2
CABLE DRUM
l-1
CRYSTALIaCROPHONE '"
HLT INSUUTDIG
DISTANCE PIECF3
II.-GNET
.M:THOD ~5EMBL
OF ING
STERILISING
MICROPHONE
TYPE
'8'
JJ!;L.!i
CHAP. F.
SEC. 24
CIVIL
CONCERNING DEFENCE ORGANISA TION
387
BOlm CATmORIES AND PRIORITIES
<;)
Immediate
dis~osal
of bomb essential
for
the
11',
1.
-2 p!la8e of 1nvas1on18 1nm1nentor 1n progress in which case

no 3afety P~riod will be observed in the area affected and all bo.llbs, etc. will be dealt with as they fall. The Category given roorely indicates the priority of tasks (see also para 5). 5. SUPERIMPOSED BOMB CAl'EGORIES. (a) CATEGORY M. This nevI category is brought into force in an area affected by invasion, either imminent or in progress. It is a priority superimposed by the 1iilitary upon the categories mentioned in para 2 above and refers to those unexploded bombs whose inlmediate disposal is essential for operational reasons. Category ~I bombs will be dealt with in preference to all others except P (see (b) below)
(b) CATEGORY P. mines are allotted Under to ordinary Categories conditions A, B and parachute C but
--.,.
The
~bove
order
of
disposal
remains
until
under conditions as in 5 (a) above they are allotted to Category P if affecting qperations of the Armed Forces. German type 'G' and s~ilar mines would be treated as parachute ntines. Category P bombs take an equal precedence with Category M bombs. 6. BO}IWS ON MILITARY PROPERTY.
bombs on military or Wardens' Serwhich should be atof view.
Under ordinary conditions, property are reported through the Police vice \vith an indication of the priority tached to them from the Military point
7.
ALLOCATION OF PRIORITIES
trnDER ABNORMAL CONDITIONS.
All the foregoing, except para 5, contemplates procedure and communications remaining uninterrtlpted under ordinary conditions, but under abnormal conditions as stated in para 5 above, a Commander may have Cause to decentralise his bomb disposal resources to a particular area. When
this is done, reports from civil Defence ploded bombs and mines in the area for transmitted through the most convenient eat to the Military HQ concerned, which priority. sources of unexdisposal would be civil channels dirv/i11 decide the
8.
the Civil
BOMB CATEGORIES IN PURELY MILITARY

The foregoing refers Defence Organization to exists
AREAS.
where
procedure in areas and co-operates.
In areas wholly under military control and where no Civil Defence Organization exists, all the above Categories and their application are followed in principle by the armed forces. The degree of UJ:'gency, i.e. a Category, is determined by a Commander.

AMF Engineer-In-Chief Bomb Disposal Technical Instructions 1944

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SECRET

AUSTRALIAN MILITARY roRCES

CEs and CsRE.. Bombdisposal

~ Pls and HQ AA and Frt Coys. to :-

LHQ SUE (Fd) 1 RAE Trg Centre.

Copies for 'information

Aust JAil Mission,

E IN C BOMB DISPOSAL TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS 1. Technical cause of

4. All Instructions are will be destroyed

Maj or General Engineer in Chief'

BOMBS A'ND COMPONENTS

10 -Gaines, Booster 11 -Anrnuni tions CHAP. C

Systems and Magazines

BOMBS AND COMPONENTS

: -MISCELLANEOUS TECHNICAL INSTRUCTIONS

: -CONCERNING CIVIL DEFENCEORGANISATION Sec. 24 -Function in Bomb Disposal, Co-operation etc.

(See also Reverse side.

oa-oita11etteI' to CHAPrER -(2) SECTION

ALWAYS USE THE COMPLETE REFERENCE

(as Example above).

IN NUMERICAL SEO.UENOEOF BIYl'Is

ls/1/1 B/5/2 B/3/3

20 Deo 431 Japanese Smoke Signal

B/2/5 B/2/6 B/2/'7

20 Deo 431 Japanese 20 Deo 43 I Japanese 20 Dec 43

Japanese GP, HE Bomb (Early 250 Kg

Bomb Type 98 -60

Bomb Type 0 -50

Japanese Bomb Container

2No.1 Issued Subject

B/6/20 B/7/21 B/6/22

120 Deo 43 I Japanese

,20 Deo 43 /Japanese

Bomb FUze -A.l(A)

I, 11 Mar 44 I Japanese j 20 Deo 43

-B.3(B) and Esetc.

sential Bomb Disposal Common Hand Tools Tools,

20 Deo 43 I Summary 120

1preoautions in out Equipment

\20 Deo 43 ~BambCemeteries

Use of' Thermit Eqpt.

ISpeoial ;20 Ref.

/43 /44 /45

when Handling Explosives

Elementary Safety Bomb Disposal Safety Precautions near UXBs

20 Deo 43,1 Japanese

Preoautions when Trepanning and Stemning-out Piorio Fillings

Japane se SAP, HE Bomb Type 99 -

20 Dea 43 \Japanese 20 Dea 43 I Japanese

Bomb FUze -a.2(A)

Modification AP, HE Bomb -800

I, Japanese ' I Japanese Flare

20 Deo 43 I Making 20 Deo 43

Safe Marker ("card-

JaI>anese Navi~ation board tY1'e")

cf Danger Areas and

IF/24/81 I B/'7/'7'7 Ref.

Subject Summary of Japanese Bomb Fuzes

20 Dec 431 Protective 20 Dec 431 20 Deo 43 Japanese

Apparatus Reviving structions

stevens' Stopp,er Design II ing Instns

B/9/91 B/5/92 B/l0/93

20 Dee 43' Gaines, Boost~r Systems -Japan~s~

Magazines, Fuze, Incendiary Bomb Japanese