lights the way...

The Hajj Special Magazine from Qatar Islamic Cultural Center

BASEERA MAGAZINE, ISSUE 5, DHUL-HIJJAH 1432

Virtues of

HOW THE KABAH WAS BUILT

Choosing a friend

HONESTY
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IN ISLAM

What is Fanar?
Fanar is a colloquial Qatari term borrowed from Turkish and commonly used in the Egyptian language to mean the fluorescent floodlight mounted on a high tower, to make up the pilot beacons used in homing the open sea navigators back to safe shores.
Fanar was chosen as our name because it reflects our high-profile mission which is to act as a guiding light to mankind and to help the expatriate community of Qatar to deepen their understanding of the local culture in every aspect. Fanar is a governmental organisation that presents Islamic and Qatari culture to the world through a variety of activities such as exhibitions, tours of the Centre, visits to the mosque and Arabic language courses.

lights the way...

Editor-in-chief

Abdulla Al-Mulla

EDITORIAL

Managing Editor Senior Editor Articles Editor

Ahmed Al Mehshady Mohammed Omar Dominic M. Foley

CRE ATI V E

Creative Director Designer Photographer

Hammad Iqbal Fayez Farooq Yasir Arafat

PRODUCTION

Production Manager Production Coordinator

Nasser Al Malky Abu Bakr

PUBLISHER FANAR - Qatar Islamic Cultural Center C ON TAC T We value your comments and suggestions. baseeramagazine@gmail.com

BASEERA MAGAZINE ISSUE 5, DHUL-HIJJAH 1432

CONTENTS

32 18 28

26

22

in this issue...
COVER STORY 4 Virtues of Dhul-Hijjah 6 Recommended worship during the first 10 days of Dhul-Hijjah 11 Ruling of Udhiya 15 Ruling and manners of celebrating Eid ARTICLES 18 How the Kaba was built 22 One third of the Quran 26 Honesty in Islam 28 Chosing a friend 30 32 35 Minor sins Quran & Bees Easy Fiqh

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BY DOMINIC M. FOLEY

Virtues of

By the dawn. And [by] ten nights

[QURAN 89:1-2]

Ibn Kathir said the ten nights refers to the first 10 days of Dhul-Hijjah.

That they may witness [i.e., attend] benefits for themselves and mention the name of Allah on known [i.e., specific] days over what He has provided for them of [sacrificial] animals
[QURAN 22:28]

Ibn Abbas said the known days referred to in this ayah are the days of Hajj which lie in Dhul-Hijjah. Ibn Abbas said that the Prophet said: There are not any days, in which righteous deeds are done in them, more beloved to Allah than these

days, i.e., the ten days (of Dhul-Hijjah)... (Bukhari) Saeed ibn Jubayr worked very hard in these days. Ibn Hajar opined in Fathul-Bari that the reason for the virtues of these days is that the mothers of worship lie in them: praying, fasting, charity and Hajj. Some of the scholars of Islam said the Day of Sacrifice (the 10th of DhulHijjah) is the best day of the year, thereby emphasising its value.

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RECOMMENDED WORSHIP DURING THE FIRST 10 DAYS OF DHUL-HIJJAH

FAST THE FIRST NINE DAYS... The Prophet said: There are no days in which good deeds are more beloved to Allah than these ten days. They said: O Messenger of Allah, not even jihad for the sake of Allah? The Messenger of Allah said: Not even jihad for the sake of Allah, unless a man goes out with his self and his wealth and comes back with neither.
[BUKHARI AND AT-TIRMIDHI]

FAST THE DAY OF ` ARAFAH 9 TH DAY OF DHUL-HIJJAH... Allahs Messenger said: It is an expiation for the sins of the preceding year and the current year. [MUSLIM] Hafsah said: Four things the Messenger of Allah never neglected: Observing fast on the day of Ashura, Arafat, three days every month, and offering Fajr Sunnah prayers early in the morning. [MUSLIM]

There are no days in which good deeds are more beloved to Allah than these ten days...

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MAKE TAKBEER FROM THE 1ST TO THE 13TH OF THE MONTH... Allah says: That they may witness (i.e., attend) benefits for themselves and mention the name of Allah on known (i.e., specific) days... [QURAN 22:28] Allah also says: And remember Allah during (specific) numbered days
[QURAN 2:203]

The Prophet said: The days of Tashreeq are the days of eating, drinking

and remembering Allah. [MUSLIM] Ibn Umar and Abu Hurairah used

to go out to the market-place on the first ten days of Dhul-Hijjah, reciting Takbeer, and the people used to recite Takbeer because of their Takbeer. [BUKHARI] Umar ibn al-Khattaab and his son Abd-Allaah used to recite Takbeer during the days of Mina in the mosque and in the camps, and they would raise their voices until Mina echoed with their Takbeer.

The Prophet and a group of the Sahabah used to recite Takbeer following each of the five prayers...

RECITE TAKBEER AFTER EACH OF THE 5 DAILY PRAYERS FROM FAJR ON THE DAY OF ` ARAFAH UNTIL ` ASR ON THE 13TH... The Prophet and a group of the Sahabah used to recite Takbeer following each of the five prayers from Fajr on the day of `Arafah until `Asr on the thirteenth day of Dhul-Hijjah. In al-Musnad it is narrated from and Tahmeed (al-hamdu Lillaah). Men should recite out loud and women should recite quietly. The takbeer is as follows: Allaahu akbar, Allaahu akbar, laa ilaaha illAllaah, Allaahu akbar, Allaahu akbar, wa Lillaah il-hamd (Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest, there is no god but Allah; Allah is the Greatest and to Allah be praise). [The Allaahu akbar may be recited two or three times].

Ibn Umar that the Prophet said: There are no days on which good deeds are greater or more beloved to Allah than on these ten days, so recite much Tahleel (Laa ilaaha ill-Allaah), Takbeer (Allaahu akbar)

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And once you have made your intention to sacrifice, refrain from cutting hair and nails...

OFFER A SACRIFICE... Abd-Allaah ibn Umar said: The Prophet stayed in Madinah for ten years, offering sacrifice (every year on Eid).
[A H M A D; AT-TIR MIDHI; A N D CL A SSED A S H ASA N BY A L-A LBA A NI IN MISHK A AT A LMASAABEEH, 1475]

MAKE TAWBAH (REPENTANCE)... Abu Hurairah said that the Prophet said: Verily Allah has a sense of Ghayrah (honour, prestige and anger over its violation), and Allahs sense of Ghayrah is provoked when a person does that which Allah has made prohibited.
[BUKHARI AND MUSLIM]

Umm Salamah said the Prophet said: When you see the new moon of DhulHijjah according to another version, When the ten days (of Dhul-Hijjah) begin and any one of you wants to offer a sacrifice, let him refrain (from cutting) his hair and nails. [AHMAD AND MUSLIM] According to another version: Let him not remove anything from his hair and nails until he has offered the sacrifice. And according to yet another version, He should not touch his hair or skin.

RULING OF

UDHIYAH
The Udhiyah or sacrifice is Sunnah Muakkadah (a confirmed, never missed, Sunnah) and therefore highly recommended to perform if able to do so. Some scholars hold the view it is obligatory. The one (not performing the Hajj) who intends to offer the sacrifice (either directly or through an agent): Must not remove anything from his hair or skin on his body or cut his nails from the moment

he makes the intention until the sacrifice is completed. The Prophet said: When you see the new moon of Dhu l-Hijjah, and one of you wants to offer a sacrifice, let him refrain from (removing anything) from his hair or nails. [MUSLIM] In another version: Let him not remove anything of his hair or skin.

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6 CONDITIONS FOR THE UDHIYAH It should be from one of the anaam class of animals camels, cattle, sheep and goats. The animal should belong to the person who is offering the sacrifice, or he should have permission for that either on the grounds of the Shariah or from the owner. The animal must be adult; for camels this is 5 years old, cattle 2 years old, sheep 1 year old and jadhah 6 months old. It is not correct to sacrifice an animal that has not reached maturity or a sheep less than 6 months old. It should be free from any faults: - Obvious eye defect - Obvious sickness - Obvious lameness - Emaciation that leaves no marrow in the bones No one else should have any rights to the sacrificial animal; the sacrifice of an animal that is held in pledge is not valid.

It is recommended ones first food of the day of Eid ul-Adha be from the sacrifice.

It should be slaughtered at the time specified in the Shariah, which is anytime after the Eid prayer on Eid ul-Adha until the sun sets on the 13th of Dhul-Hijjah although if it preferable to hasten in its performance. Slaughtering before or after these times will mean the sacrif ice is

invalid unless there is an excuse for its delay, e.g., the animal ran away with no negligence on his part, and he did not find it until after the time was over, or if he delegated someone to do it on his behalf and his deputy forgot until the time was over.

Reviving Sunnahs that have been forgotten brings a great deal of reward, as is indicated by the words of the Prophet : Whoever revives one of my Sunnahs that has died out after I am gone, will have a reward like that of everyone who does it, without that detracting from their reward in the slightest.
(AT-TIRMIDHI (HASAN BECAUSE OF CORROBORATING REPORTS)

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Slaughtering is better than giving the monetary equivalent in charity because the Prophet slaughtered.

USEFUL NOTES One mans sacrifice will suffice his entire family, no matter how many wives and children he may have, but he may offer more than one if he wishes. Slaughtering is better than giving the monetary equivalent in charity because the Prophet slaughtered. The one who intends to offer sacrifice but removes hair or skin or nails from the body (without excuse or forgetfulness) is not to pay a ransom but must repent and seek Allahs forgiveness. The best sacrifice is a camel, then a cow (if one offers the whole animal), then a sheep, then a goat, then one-seventh of a camel, then one-seventh of a cow (if one shares in a sacrificial animal). The rulings are the same for men and women intending to offer sacrifice. The one intending to offer sacrifice is not in a state of ihram.

RULING AND MANNERS OF CELEBRATING EID UL-ADHA

RECOMMENDATIONS Perform ghusl before going to the Eid prayer. Do not eat anything until after the Eid prayer and then first eat from the sacrifice. Offer sacrifice after the Eid prayer or at any time after it until the last of the Days of Tashreeq. Go to the Eid prayer one way and return another way. Greet and feed the people. Share the food of the sacrifice (Udhiyah) with others. Offer the Eid prayer in an open place such as a field. Celebrate and enjoy this day and the Days of Tashreeq. Glorify Allah with takbeer. All go to the place of the Eid prayer, old and young, men and women, obliged to pray or not, in order to witness the goodness, gathering and supplications.

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It is also recommended to greet and feed the people on the day of Eid.

PROHIBITIONS Fasting on the Day of Eid and the Days of Tashreeq. Celebrating and enjoying these days in ways that disobey and displease Allah and His Messenger . It is acceptable to offer congratulations to other Muslims provided they are not with prohibited words or in the manner or words of the disbelievers. If the day of Eid coincides with Friday, then whoever prays Eid with the Imam does not have to attend Jumuah (it is not obligatory on him); in his case it becomes Sunnah. If he does not pray Jumuah, he has to pray Dhuhr. This is in the case of people other than the Imam. As for the Imam, he has to be present for Jumuah and lead those Muslims who attend the prayer. The Jumuah prayer should not be forsaken completely on this day.

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By the order of Allah, Abraham built upon the same foundations of the Kabah previously used by Adam. He did so with the help of his son Ishmael who was the first to live in Makkah along with his mother Hagar. It was revealed in the Quran that Allah showed the site of the foundations to Abraham in order for him to build it.

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And [mention, O Muhammad], when We designated for Abraham the site of the House, [saying], Do not associate anything with Me and purify My House for those who perform tawaf and those who stand [in prayer] and those who bow and prostrate. (Quran 22:26)

braham used stones without using the equivalent of cement to hold each stone in place. When he reached the Black Stone level he requested his son Ishmael to provide him with a stone to mark the starting point of tawaf (circumambulation). It was Angel Gabriel who came with the Black Stone, which today marks the starting point of each tawaf. Abraham made two openings without any closing doors. On the north side of the Kabah he built a sloping lattice work which is known as al-Hijr.

Historians estimate the age of Abrahams building to be around 4000 years. In the years since then the building has been reconstructed many times, often due to natural disasters. One of the first known reconstructions was by the Arab tribe known as Jurhum, which lived in Makkah. After them, the efforts of the Amaliqa tribe, and of Qusay Ibn Kilab, an ancestor of the Prophet Muhammad . Significantly, when Prophet Muhammad was a young man, before he received prophethood, the Kabah was destroyed

by flash floods. It was the tribe of Quraysh that set about rebuilding it and they made the intention to use only lawful money in the construction. This proved to be in short supply, leading to the building being shortened on the side adjacent to Hijr Ishmael. The wooden items for construction were purchased by the Quraysh tribe from the owners of a ship broken into parts at the port of Al-Shuaiba. They hired a ship captain to assist them in building it in the style of building common to the people of ash-Sham, in Syria.

When replacing the Black Stone on the Kabah, the different tribes of the Quraysh all wanted to put the stone back into place themselves and a dispute arose. They resolved that the next person to walk into the area would solve this dispute. It pleased the people of the Quraysh when Muhammad , who was known as Al-Amin (the trustworthy), walked through. He resolved to put the Black Stone on a large cloth and summon each of the four tribal leaders to hold one corner of the cloth; the Quraysh rejoiced at this suggestion.

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Quran
Summarising the concept of God in Islam
BY DR. ABU AMEENAH BILAL PHILIPS

one third of the

IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, THE BENEFICENT, THE MERCIFUL

Say: He is Allah, the Unique. Allah, the Self-Sufficient. He does not give birth, nor was He born. And there is none equal to Him. (Quran 112)

Say a decisive statement which you believe in and be aware of He is Allah(God), (the) One which means, the oneness is confined in Him, He is the one who alone possesses perfection, Who has the most beautiful names and perfect supreme attributes and holy deeds. He is unexampled and matchless. Allah-us-Samad (Allah the Self-Sufficient Master) whom all creatures need; all the habitants of the upper and lower world are in utmost need of Him. They ask Him for their needs and seek Him for their concerns because He

is perfect in all his attributes; He is the all-Knowing Whose knowledge is perfect; He is the Most-Forbearing whose forbearance is perfect; and he is the Most-Merciful Whose mercy is perfect and embraces all thing. And of His perfections that He begets not, nor was He begotten due to the perfection of his opulence [freedom of all needs] And there is none co-equal or comparable unto Him. Neither in His names and attributes nor in His deeds. Glory be to God.

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Say: He is Allah, the Unique.

This verse represents Allahs own affirmation of His unique monotheism, His inimitable Unity. Thus, the first verse is a command to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and whoever reads or recites this verse, to affirm Allahs Unique Unity. He is one like whom there is no other. There are many unities in this world, but they all are not unique as each unity has others similar to them. For example, there is one Mount Everest, but there are other tall mountains similar to it. In the case of Allah, there is no other unity similar to Him. All other unities can be divided into parts, while Allah is unique in His unity and is as such indivisible.

Allah, the Self-Sufficient.

Allahs uniqueness is realized in His self-sufficiency. On the other hand, all created beings have needs and are dependent on others to fulfil their needs. Allah is not in need of any of His creation in any way, as nothing they can do can better or benefit His already perfect state. This attribute of selfsufficiency invites the believers to reflect on the purpose and the goals of their worship. Most people worship as if they are doing God a favour. The purpose of human creation is to worship Allah because all human beings have a need to worship Him. He has no need for or from them. Human beings need to worship and glorify God because obedience to divine law is the key to their success in both this life and the next.

He does not give birth, nor was He born.

He (Allah) does not give birth, because there is nothing similar to Him. A child is made from portions (sperm and ovum) of the bodies of its parents which is why it is similar to its parents in form and characteristics. If God gave birth, there would be another god like Him, which His uniqueness has already negated. The Almighty also rejected the concept of having a child from the perspective that bearing offspring usually requires a female partner similar in form to the male. Allah also rejected offspring from the general perspective that it is not befitting, since to have a child would reduce Him to the status of His creatures. This answers the question of those who claim that since it is agreed that God can do anything, He should be able to have a son if He wished. It is not befitting because it would make God like His creatures. Furthermore, people have children out of a need for help to survive in this material world or out of the need for continued existence through ones progeny. By describing Himself as Self-Sufficient, Allah also negated this possibility. Nor was He born, subtly rejects the notion that Jesus was God, because he was born. For God to be born, He must first have not existed, which contradicts the basic unique divine attribute of eternal existence.

And there is nothing equal to Him.

Allah closes the chapter with a restatement of the opening verse. If God is unique, nothing can be equal to Him. If nothing is equal to Him, then He alone is unique. If He alone is Self-Sufficient and all creation is in need of Him, nothing in creation can be equal to Him. If He does not bear offspring, nor did anyone or anything give birth to Him, nothing or no one can be equal to Him as every created being came into existence after a period of non-existence. Every created being has something similar to it, called its pair, or something resembling it, called its equal. If the Creator were from one or other of these species He would have an equal and a similitude. Thus, this chapter contains the genealogy and description of God, the Most Merciful. It was revealed by Allah to refute beliefs attributed to Him by misguided people concerning His similitude, bodily form, origin and offspring. For example, those who paint pictures or make statues of Allah are claiming similitude, those who worship others besides Him claim similitude, and those who attribute some parts of His creation to others besides Him claim similitude. However, nothing is similar to Him in His Attributes, His Dominion or His Divinity. Therefore, only He alone deserves to be worshipped by His creatures.

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Honesty
in

islam

BY FAHD AL-OBAOIDI

In Islam, Muslims are ordered to be honest both to themselves and to others. This order is mentioned in the Holy Quran and the sayings of Prophet Muhammad repeatedly.

What does honesty mean ?

Honesty is the opposite of lying, the opposite of bluffing, the opposite of hypocrisy, the opposite of favouritism, and the opposite of deceit. Honesty implies telling the truth in all cases and under all circumstances. Honesty implies fulfilling the promise, whether written or oral. Honesty implies giving the right advice to the one who asks for it. Honesty implies doing ones work as sincerely and as perfectly as possible. Honesty means giving every person his due rights without his asking for them. Honesty means doing the right thing in the right way at the right time. Honesty implies the right selection of personnel and the right promotion of personnel, i.e., selection by merit and promotion by merit, not by temper or favouritism or personal relations. Honesty is a blanket term that covers a wide range of traits; telling the truth, sincerity in work, carrying out duties, fulfilling ones word, being objective in judgement, and making objective decisions. Honesty implies carrying out duties as fully as possible, whether the person is supervised or not.

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BY SHAHID RAZAQ

Choosing a

The environments we put ourselves in have a direct impact on our faith. If we are in places wherein Allah is being obeyed then we find that our emaan goes up as we are affected by what we hear, see and do. Likewise if we are in places wherein Allah is being disobeyed we find that our emaan decreases.

The noble Prophet Muhammad guided us to the importance of choosing a righteous friend as friends generally make up much of our social interaction and influences in life. The Prophet said: a person is on the religion of his friend so be careful as to who you take as a friend. The Prophet said: in part of a Hadeeth: The example of a righteous companion is like the seller of musk, if he does not sell you perfume you would still benefit from the aroma he has. Your righteous companion will be like a good conscience to you, always looking out for your benefit, guiding you to that which pleases Allah with gentle admonition. Your righteous companion will be one who wants to accompany you not for worldly reasons, asking

from your wealth or wanting what you have from status or potential prospects but rather you in order that you increase in faith and work together for Islam. Your righteous companion will make dua for your well being and safety in this world and the next. Is there a better companion that you could want than the believer or would you risk accompanying those whose outlook is the temporal enjoyment of this world who would not hesitate to lead you to the disobedience of Allah as worldly pleasure intoxicates them? Make dua to Allah that He guides you to righteous company and causes you to be accompanied by those He loves and not those that displease Him.

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BY MOHAMMED OMAR

MINOR

The Prophet said:

I certainly know people of my Ummah who will come on the Day of Resurrection with good deeds like the mountains of Tihaamah, but Allah will make them like scattered dust.

A woman came to the Prophet and said: A woman prays a lot in addition to the obligatory prayers, fasts a lot in addition to the obligatory fasts and gives too much charity in addition to the zakah but she harms her neighbour; what is her condition? The Prophet said: She is in Hell-Fire. The woman then asked, And what then about the woman who prays only the obligatory prayers, fasts the obligatory month and gives the obligatory zakah but doesnt harm her neighbour? He , She is in Paradise. O reader, dear Muslim, do not be confused. This Hadeeth will erase the doubt from your mind. The Prophet said: The one who is bankrupt among my Ummah is the one who will come on the Day of Resurrection with prayer, fasting and zakah to his credit, but he will come having slandered one person and shed the blood of another and wrongfully consumed the wealth of a third, so (his victims) will be given some of his hasanaat (good deeds), and if his hasanaat run out before the score is settled, some of their sins will be taken and thrown onto him, and he will be thrown into Hell.

Consider that the one who engages in all the obligatory acts of worship, in their proper time and manner and couples it with frequent observance of voluntary acts is in the Hell-Fire is like the water container, fed at one end by the rivers and oceans of the world but spotted within it are little holes Never will it retain the water. The holes represent ones looking at women, insulting people, harassing people, mocking people etc. (the minor sins). The Prophet said: I certainly know people of my Ummah who will come on the Day of Resurrection with good deeds like the mountains of Tihaamah, but Allah will make them like scattered dust. If you have saved money would you like to waste it? O Muslim. The reward for the Muslims is greater than all the treasures of this world. Paradise can only be obtained through ones efforts in this life and then the mercy of Allah, azza wa jall. Dont make such great efforts, going hungry and tired in fasting and prayer, go to waste through disregard for the small sins.

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BY SYED MAHBOOB

Bees

Quran

It is generally known that honey is a fundamental food source for the human body, whereas only a few people are aware of the extraordinary features of its producer, the honeybee.

With the introduction of the computer age, man has prided himself over his ability to produce machines which imitate the brains ability of carrying out complex mathematical functions and so forth. Now consider

the mind of the honeybee just one of the millions of marvellous creations of Allah. The honeybees are able to construct quite a complex simulation of reality in their tiny brains (less

The honeybees are able to construct quite a complex simulation of reality in their tiny brains (less than ten milligrams). It is superior by about seven orders of magnitude to the most efficient of todays manufactured computers.

than ten milligrams). The bee does all of this while consuming a lot less power than a computer. It is superior by about seven orders of magnitude to the most efficient of todays manufactured computers. What this means is that over ten million bee brains can operate on the power needed for one single 100 watt light

bulb. The most efficient of todays computers uses hundreds of millions of times more energy to perform an equivalent number of operations. Honey bees prepare special food items such as royal jelly and beebread for their young. They protect their home by recognising and repelling intruders. They regularly remove

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Honey is a remedy for every illness and the Quran is a remedy for all illness of the mind, therefore I recommend to you both remedies, the Quran and honey.
[BUKHARI]

garbage and other refuse from their hive. They control the climate in the hive by fanning the fresh air and sprinkling water during summer and by clustering together for warmth in the winter. When their hives become overcrowded, they are smart enough to know that some have to leave and establish new colonies. The lowly bees do all this without any outside assistance or direction. They function independently. Yet, super computers require teams of programmers, engineers and technicians. Bees truly are a marvel of Allahs creation.

And your Lord inspired to the bee, Take for yourself among the mountains, houses, and among the trees and [in] that which they construct. Then eat from all the fruits and follow the ways of your Lord laid down [for you]. There emerges from their bellies a drink, varying in colors, in which there is healing for people. Indeed in that is a sign for a people who give thought. [QURAN 68-69] In addition, the Prophet said: Honey is a remedy for every illness and the Quran is a remedy for all illness of the mind, therefore, I recommend to you both remedies, the Quran and honey. [BUKHARI]

easy
BY MOHAMMED OMAR

Wudu
THE WUDU CONSISTS OF OBLIGATORY AND RECOMMENDED ACTS:

O you who have believed, when you rise to [perform] prayer, wash your faces and your forearms to the elbows and wipe over your heads and wash your feet to the ankles.
[Quran 5:6]

THE OBLIGATORY: 1 Intention (which is in the heart and necessary for all acts of worship) for prayer and to remove impurity. 2 Rinse the mouth and sniff water into the nose before expelling it, once. 3 Wash the face completely once (the face is from the hairline to the chin and from ear to ear). 4 Wash the arms up to and including the elbows once. 5 Wipe over the head including the ears once. 6 Wash the feet up to and including the ankles once. 7 Perform these acts in order: face, arms, head and feet. 8 Perform these acts in continuity, i.e., leaving no time to lapse between the washing of one part and the next.

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THE RECOMMENDED: 1 Intention. 2 Say, Bismillah. 3 Wash your hands three times. 4 Rinse the mouth and sniff water into the nose before expelling it, repeat three times. 5 Wash the face completely three times (the face is from the hairline to the chin and from ear to ear). 6 Wash the arms up to and including the elbows three times. 7 Wash the feet up to and including the ankles three times. 8 Begin with the right before the left. The conditions for wudu are to be a Muslim of sound mind, who has reached the age of discernment. It is to be performed with water that is tahir (pure) and any and all najasah (impurity) should be removed from the body. Finally, anything that prevents the water from making direct contact with the body must be removed (this includes, for example, nail polish) unless it is a bandage, plaster cast or the like thereof.

THE ADHKAR UPON COMPLETION OF WUDU IS TO SAY: Ash-hadu an laa ilaaha illallaahu wahdahu laa shareeka lahu wa ash-hadu anna Muhammadan abduhu wa Rasooluhu. (I bear witness that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah alone, Who has no partner; and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and His Messenger). [Muslim] Allahummajalnee minat-tawwaabeena wajalnee minal-mutatahhireen. (O Allah, make me among those who turn to You in repentance, and make me among those who are purified). [at-Tirmidhi] Subhaanaka Allaahumma wa bihamdika, ashhadu an laa ilaaha illaa Anta, astaghfiruka wa atoobu ilayk. (Glory is to You, O Allah, and praise; I bear witness that there is none worthy of worship but You. I seek Your forgiveness and turn to You in repentance.) [An-Nasai]. Nothing has been narrated from the Prophet with regards to saying specific dua whilst washing each part of the body.

NULLIFIERS OF WUDU: Anything exiting from front or back passages. Emission of urine or stools from anywhere other than the urethra or anus. Loss of consciousness or mind; this includes, sleeping, drunkenness and insanity. Touching the private parts with no barrier between them and the hand. Eating camel meat. Anything that requires ghusl invalidates wudu.

THINGS THAT DONT NULLIFY WUDU: Vomiting. Touching najasah (impurity) but the najasah must be removed. Laughing but it breaks the prayer. Touching or wiping the saliva of the dog but the saliva requires cleaning seven times, once with earth. It is also impermissible to keep a dog in the house. Drinking camel milk. Breastfeeding.

USEFUL NOTES: There is no difference between the male and the female in the manner of performing wudu You have to say, Bismillah but if you forget it at the start you may say it during and if you remember upon completion then there is no harm

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