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ASSIGNMENT
SUBMITED BY GRESENT A O
MBA
TOPIC; EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANT RESERCH DESIGN USED IN EXPERIMENTAL HYPOTHESIS TESTING RESERCH STUDY
INDEX
4 5 6 7 9 to 16 18
BIBILOGRAPHY
SUMMARY
Casual reserch or experimental research itsshowed inmainely three things 1,impact of retail price on sales 2,effect of advertising on the sales of a product 3,effect of improved packing on sales
Experimental design refers to the frame work or structure of an experiment and such as three is several experimental design. We can classify experimental design in two broad categories formal experiment and informal experiment design
LISTO OF ABBREVIATIONS
RD (RESERCH DESIGN) LD(LATIN SQURE DESIGN) FD(FACTORIAL DESIGN) CR(COMPLETELY RANDOM DESIGN) RB(RANDOMELY BLOCK DESIGN)
INTRODUCTION
Research in common man's language refers to "search for Knowledge"Research is an art of scientific investigation. It is also a systematic design, collection,analysis and reporting the findings & solutions for the marketing problem of a company.Research is required because of the following reasons: l To help making decisions l To develop new concepts l To find alternate strategies To identify and find solutions to the problem: To understand the problem in depth, Example: "Why is that demand for a product is falling"? "Why is there a business fluctuation once in three years"? By identifying the problem as above, it is easy to collect the relevant data to solve the problem. To help making decisions: Example: Should we maintain the advertising budget same as last year? Research will answer this question. To find alternative strategies: Should we follow pull strategy or push strategy to promote the product. To develop new concepts: Example: CRM, Horizontal Marketing, MLM etc.
(1) Impact of retail price on sales (2) Effect of advertising on the sales of a product (3) Effect of improved packing on sales. Experimental design refers to the frame work or structure of an experiment and such as there is several experimental design. We can classify experimental design in to two broad categories formal experiment and informal experiment design
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FORMAL DESIGNS
2,Before And After with control design 2,Randomised block Design 3, Latin Square Design,LS 4, Factorial design FD
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Instrumentation effect This can be due to two different instruments being used, one before and one after,change in the interviewers before and after, results in instrumentation effect.
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selected for grouping the subjects is one that is believed to be related to the measure to be obtained in respect of the dependent variable .the number of subjects in a given block would be equal to the number of treatments and one subject in each block would be randomly assigned to each treatment.
Factorial Design
Factorial design permits the researcher to test two or more variables at the same time. Factorial design helps to determine the effect of each of the variables and also measure the interacting effect of the several variables. Example: A departmental store wants to study the impact of price reduction for a product. Given that, there is also promotion (POP) being carried out in the stores (a) near the entrance (b) at usual place, at the same time. Now assume that there are two price levels namely regular price A1 and reduced price A2. Let there be three types of POP namely B1, B2, & B3. There are 32=6combinations possible. The combinations possible are B1A1, B1A2, B2A1, B2A2, B3A1, B3A2. Which of these combinations is best suited is what the researcher is interested. Suppose there are 60 departmental Stores of the chain divided into groups of 10 stores. Now, randomly assign the above combination to each of these 10 stores as follows: S1 TO S6 represents the sales resulting out of each variable. The data gathered will provide details on product sales on account of two independent variables. The two questions that will be answered are. Is the reduced price more effective than regular price? Is the display at the entrance more effective than the display at usual location? Also the research will tell us about the interaction effect of the two variables. Out come of the experiment on sales is as follows: 1. Price reduction with display at the entrance. 2. Price reduction with display at usual place. 3. No display and regular price applicable 4. Display at the entrance with regular price applicable
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Designs for Latin square with 3 and 4 level factors are given next. These designs show that the treatment combinations should for each run. When using any of these designs, be sure to randomize the treatment units and trial order, as much as the design allows .For example, one recommendation is that a Latin square design be randomly selected from those available ,then randomize the run order.
3-Level factor
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X3 Treatment factor 1 2 3 3 1 2 2 3 1
K=3 factors (2 blocking factor and 1 primary factor) L1=3 levels of factor X1(block) L2=3 levels of factor X2(block) L3=3 levels of factor X3(primary) N=L1*L2=9 runs This can alternatively be represented as A C B B A C C B A
4-Level factor
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X3 Treatment factor 1 2 4 3 4 3 1 2 2 4 3 1 3 1 2 4
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With K=3 factors (2 blocking factors and 1 primary factor) L1=4 level of factor X1(block) L2=4 level of factor X2(block) L3=4 level of factor X3(primary) N=L1*L2=16 runs This can alternatively be represented as A D B C B C D A C A C B D B A D
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CONCLUCION
Several research designs and the researcher must decide in advance of collection and analysis of data to which design would prove to be more appropriate for his research project. He must give due weight to various point such as the type of universe and its nature ,the objective of his study ,the resource list or the sampling frame ,desired slandered of accuracy and like the when taking a decision in respect of the design for his research project .