Drug Class Penicillins y Oxacillin, nafcillin y Ampicillin, amoxicillin y Pipericillin Cephalosporins y 1st generation (Cephalexin, cefazolin) y 2nd generation

(cefuroxime) rd y 3 generation (Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone, Cefixime) y 3rd generation (Ceftazidime) Monobactams (Aztreonam) Carbapenems y Meropenem y Imipenem Sulfonamides

Bacterial coverage Gram (+) ORSA Greater gram (-) coverage More gram (-) coverage including Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, H. influenza, & anaerobes Gram (+) and gram (-) Gram (+), moderate gram (-)

Lack of coverage

Other Notes

Pseudomonas

Gram (+), Gram (-) including Hemophilis Gram (+), Gram (-) including some pseudomonas

Pseudomonas

Gram (+), Gram (-) including better Pseudomonas coverage Gram (-) including Pseudomonas Gram (+), Gram (-) Gram (+), less Gram (-) coverage than meropenem Gram (+), Gram (-)

Gram (+)

Quinolones nd y 2 generation (Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin) rd y 3 generation (Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Gatifloxacin) Aminoglycosides (Kanamycin, Amakacin, Streptomycin, Tobramycin) Vancomycin Linezolid Quinupristin/Dalfopristin (Synercid) Daptomycin Macrolides (Erythromycin, Clarithromycin, Azithromycin) y Azithromycin

Mostly gram (-) aerobic Gram (-)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacteriodis fragilis, Enterococci Gram (+), anaerobic

Gram (-) activity against Gram (+) nd S. pneumoniae more susceptible than to 2 generation Gram (-), aerobic bacteria Includes Pseudomonas Gram (+); ORSA & penicillin-resistant strains Vancomycin resistant bacteria (VRE); penicillinresistant pneumococci & Staph aureus Highly active against Streptococci (including drug-resistant strains); Main use: VRE Gram (+) bacteria: MRSA, VRE, penicillinresistant Streptococcus Gram (+)

Concern for nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity

Very expensive Mostly used for upper/lower respiratory infections

Tetracyclines

Gram (+) Stronger gram (-) activity than Clarithromycin, erythromycin Gram (+), Gram (-), aerobic, anaerobic Generally more active against gram (+) bacteria

Effective against Rickettsiae