Primary Sources:

Turkish Bombard. N.d. Royal Armouries, London.

This photograph gave me a important view of the cannons they had in 1464. I used this picture on my website. This picture helped me understand that even the the 1400s cannon technology had not come that far. It also helped me see how far cannon technology came in the long run.

Battle Of Cercy. N.d. Shadowed Realm.

This picture shows the battle of Cercy. I used this to show one of the first use of cannons in battle. This helped me understand that early cannons didnt change much on the battlefield.

Halsall, Paul. Constantinople. N.d. Fordham University.

This map showed me a map of Constantinople. I used this map along with the rest of my information about Constantinople on my website. This map helped me understand why Constantinople lasted so long.

Milemete, Walter. Early Cannon. 1326. De Nobilitatibus Sapientii Et Prudentiis Regum Manuscript.
This picture gave me a view of what cannons where like in 1326. I used this in my website to talk about early cannons and why they where shaped like a vase.

Froissart, Jean. Battle Of Crecy. N.d University of Pennsylvania. This picture gave me a view of what battles were like without cannons. I used this in my website for showing what a battle without cannons looked like. Secondary Sources: DeVries, Kelly Guns and Men in Medieval Europe, 1200-1500. Burlington, Vermont, USA: Ashgate Publishing Company, 1956. The book is specific about how cannons were used in sieges and in battlefield and it talks about the use of cannons from 1200-1500. I used this information for my websites background and cannon information. This book also helped me understand cannons drawbacks. Brodie, Bernard, and Fawn Brodie. From Crossbow to H-Bomb. Ontario, Canada: Fitzhenry&Whiteside Limited, 1973.

This book gives specific information about the evolution of cannons and how they were used throught history. I used this information to talk about cannons in general. This book helped me understand why the types of metals used to make cannons matter.

Black, Jeremy. The Seventy Great Battles In History. New York City, USA: Thames&Hudson Inc, 2005.
This book tells about the importance of the siege of Constantinople. This helped me understand early cannon effectiveness in the siege.

Keen, Maurice. Medieval Warfare. New York City, USA: Oxford University Press, 1999.
This book gives a broad overview of fortifications and sieges in Europe during the middle ages. I used this to clarify siege facts. This book helped me realize that successful sieges were very hard to accomplish before cannons where made.

Nicholson, Helen. Medieval Warfare. New York City, USA: Palgrave Macmillan, 1998.
This book is very specific about cannons and their weight and the weight of the cannon balls they shot. I used this for cannons measurements. This helped me understand that every cannon has very specific measurements or else they would not work properly.

Porter, Pamela. Medieval Warfare. North America: University of Toronto Press Incorporated, 2000.
This book talks about cannons form the early1300s to the late 1400s. I used this for my website background information. This helped me understand some of the problems with cannons.

Wier, William. 50 Battles That Changed The World. USA: Career Press, 2001.
This book gives a broad overview of battles and sieges throught Europe in the middle ages. I used the information that it gave me in my websites information about cannons in general. This helped me understand that cannons couldnt bring down every wall.

Nofi, Albert, and James Dunnigan. Medieval Life & The Hundred Years War. eBook.
This ebook give a broad overview of the warfare in the middle ages in Europe. I used this for background information in my website and talking about Constantinople. This helped me understand why not everyone had cannons or castles.