1.

Background of the Project

The importance of technology in sustaining socio economic growth and area development is quite well known. An efficient technology transfer system leads to an efficient use of the resources human as well as the natural. Vivekananda Institute of Biotechnology (VIB), a branch unit of Sri Ramkrishna Ashram, Nimpith has been working in sundarbans with a mission to reach the grass root level people, especially farmers, with relevant science and technology interventions. Biotechnology is perceived to be in the hi-tech domain it is a vast subject and the youth form the rural areas have a kind of feeling that it is not something for them. VIB tries to play a strong role, here to demystify this notion and to prove that they can use it profitably in the rural areas. Sundarbans, the famous mangrove forest and the international heritage site richly endowed with natural resources, which is not put to an efficient usage for want of proper technology and skilled persons. Development is a major concern in this region of the country. About 4 million people inhabit this part of the country with majority living under below poverty line. The development of agricultural biotechnology offers the opportunity to increase crop production, low cost farming, improve food quality & safety and enhance pollution free environment. This report describes the Channel Management for agro- biotechnology and Krisi Sampad Karmi(KSK) potential business plan for the project area. The supply VIB products of biotechnology innovations and will be affected by present farmer thinking by expectations of producer and consumer demand for the products. The demand for bio products by farmers and food processors is derived from the expected profitability of using the technology as an input to production.

1.1.

Objectives

To validate a model of technology delivery system in this rural area. To deliver technology to the farmers of this region to improve their livelihood. To minimize the cost of cultivation and to increase the production by using bio fertilizer, bio & botanical pesticides, vermicompst. Awareness camp of organic based farming Commercial production of Vermicompost and thereby marketing or distribute it to the market or to the farmers through different channels as a source of income. To discover the scope of employment generation through KSK for rural unemployed youths. To prepare the potential business plan for KSK.

Fig .1. A picture of a communication system in Ramganga G.P

Major occupation of the people is agriculture. Other occupations are fishing, honey collection and wood cutting Literacy level as well as per capital income is much lower than that in other parts of West Bengal Communication system is very poor and most are the areas are in accessible.

1.2 Project Area

Ramganga & Digambopur gram panchyet a part of south 24 pargana districts in west bangle

2. Methodology:For the studies, a detailed review of literature together with collection and analysis of primary and secondary data. Sample design acknowledges sample collection, both primary and secondary data and deciding tools for data collection to identify and leverage points. Field work includes focused group discussion, awareness camp, skill training, unstructured questionnaire, personal & JLG group interview and general discussion.

2.1 Research Design:Two Gram Panchyet (Ramganga & Digambo pur) of sundarban area under the district of South 24 pargana, West Bengal was selected for the research work. The reason for the selection was that, to make potential business plan based on agro bio technology and establish a Krisi Sampad Karmi (KSK) through above methodology in Ramganga & Digambo pur Gram Panchaytat .Here 80% of population depend on agricultural for their subsistence.

2.2. Sample Design:2.2.1 Sample method and sample size:As the number of target population was very vast, I have decided to go random sampling. The sample population includes Agricultural farmer, Agricultural Labour, Middleman, Shop Keeper fishery and other farmer. The sample size is taken as 125 farmers, 9 middlemen, 11 Shop Keeper, 13 fisher man, 25 Betel vine cultivar, 30 tomatos farmer and 37 other agricultural Farmer.

2.2.2 Survey Design

In order to conduct comprehensive quantitative and qualitative of basic requirement is accurate and reliable data. Due to difficulties associated with of total population of each category of agricultural intermediaries, only representatives and readily available respondents were purposively selected and interviewed.

2.2.3 Collection of primary Data

Primary data are collected through unstructured questionnaire. Focused group discussion, personal interviews and genera groupl discussion were conducted about some facts, issues before and present situation of the Bio-Fertilizer, bio & botanical pesticide and vermicomposed .

2.2.4 Collection of secondary data

Secondary data was collected through internet, ADO office, Panchayat office, VIB News latter, VIB annual report.(Pather Potima VCS News Latter), others Published and unpublished resources.

3. Status analysis
Shows the profile of project area population

Source: panchayat office, 2011 population data.

Cultivation land in Ramganga Gram Panchayet in base of different type of crop

Village Name

Total Land(Acc.) 850.20 1056.05 437.58 598.94 455.84 395.23 331.50 543.12 221.88 280 424.12 5594.46

Dokhin Govindo pur Ramganga Dakhin Sivpur Jogindra Pur Indra pathar Gaya Dham Biswanath Pur Raj Rajeswer pur Devi Chack Sagar madhabpur Mahindra Pur Total

Aman Boro( Tomat Pulses( (Acc.) Acc.) o(Acc. Acc.) ) 850 400 5 5 1056 437 598 455 395 331 543 221 280 424 5590 115 125 124 150 60 125 140 105 50 100 1494 7 3 6 4 3 3 4 3 2 3 43 6 0 5 2 3 2 5 2 3 2 35

Betel vine(A cc.) 4 7 4 3 4 2 3 5 4 3 2 41

Other( Acc.) 3 4 2 2 4 2 2 3 2 2 3 29

Source : Panchyat office & Primary data collocation (Focus group discussion).

4. Technology delivery Model in the area of agro

biotechnology

4.1 VIB NETWORK: Activity of farmer. Existence center of Sunderban region like Patharpratima, Mathurapur-I, Sagar, JoynagarI, Joynagar II,kakdwip,Namkhana, Present statues of KSK are 100 no. and 2 VCS Product distribution is mostly undertaken through VIB sales counter and also through the help of VCS & KSKs

4.2 This model mainly has four main objectives:

To improve soil health through organic farming. To increase farm production

 To developed entrepreneur and To provide financial service to the farmer (financial inclusion)

5. Krishi Sampad Karmi (KSK)

Criteria for KSKs: Belongs to a cultivator family or having some agricultural land. Minimum Knowledge & experience of agriculture. Minimum 10th pass. Local boy should have passion to work in his own G.P. Age below 40yrs and above 20yrs. No Antecedent record. Good communication skills. Preferred to unemployed youth. Final selection after Orientation programs and field work for two month. KSKs should have certain qualities Need for achievement. Positive attitude. Long term involvement. Self confidence. Vision. Risk taking ability(investment) Good communication Skills Good demonstration skills Learning ability. Good understanding of his role and business potential.

5.1 KSK objective and Function

5.1.1 Objective:
To improve soil health through sustainable agriculture To increase farm production through organic/ecological farming. Provide scientific literacy and skills to the farmers to the farmers. To developed entrepreneurship and To provide financial service to the farmer (financial inclusion)

5.1.2 Function: Sales and promotion:-KSK Support by VIB to reach as many as small & marginal farmers at a minimum cost. The KSK has more contacts with farmer of his area and often more acceptable by the farmers. Financing: - Act as a link man between bank & farmers. Information: - KSK tries to contracts VIB regularly about the problem of the farmer to solve as early as possible. He also informs the farmer presented and future project. Monitoring:- Prime job of the KSK to monitor JLGs & master farmer to judge group members whether JLG guide line is followed or not on the regular basis. Awareness & Training: - KSK frequently Organize awareness camp as well as training program of per there requirement. Selection and recruitment: - KSK can play an important role for selection of master farmer with help of VIB. Meeting: - Conducting the monthly meeting of the master farmer in the target blocks for exchange of information & view as well as to remove any confusion.

Demonstration: - Awareness camps are essentially required to generate confidence among farmers regarding the scope of using Biofertilizer, Bio & botanical pesticide, vermicomposet, etc through demonstration.

5.2 Roles and Responsibility of KSKs: Identification of Potential progressive farmers with the help of awareness camp, individual contact and group meeting. KSKs should understand the demography of farmers like family background, land holding, type of crop produced, habit of organic & chemical farming, arrange bank loan, relationship with the ADA and agricultural officer. To make a network to reach other untapped areas with the help of friends, family members, Panchayats staff, government officers.
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 KSK should build up a good relationship among the farmer. Provide solution to farmers continually buying the product and give advice for plant protection. Responsibility of KSKs to provide demonstration and services to the farmer as per instruction from VIB . KSKs should notice the farmers impotent of organic farming . KSK should follow up the customer after selling VIB products and enhance the business.. Pre-sanction, inspection, post sanction and monitoring of loans and advances by about bank loan. Responsibility of the KSK to Monitor Joint Liability Group (JLG) , master farmer & farmer group frequently. Organize awareness camp/plant clinic(as per the demand of farmer) with the help of VIB To identify & selection of farmer to specify training program & motivate them for the same. To maintain daily sales report (DSR) & submit the same to the VIB authority. During plant clinic/awareness camp/Seminar KSKs should deliver the lecture, it will create a positive impact among the farmers at the presents of expert member form VIB.

5.3 Field Diary for KSKs:

Verification of potential business plan is essentially required to judge potentiality of farmers. Management people along with master farmers start their function with record keeping is each G.P. VIB already has business plan for KSKs but the capacity of KSKs to meet the proposed plan

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5.4 Progress of KSKs through this model:

KSKs play an important role Technology Delivery Model (TDS) of VIB, entire program success depends on KSKs. A compact training is to be required for them to improve their skills & efficiency about the organic farming as well as financial service. First of all KSKs and master farmer to take skill training program as per training schedule (orientation program of 7 days). Field Visit (if possible with the help of VIB management team). a) Visit of 10 farmers per day(DSR) b) Demonstrate them about VIB program c) Approach the farmers about organic products and services d) After visit 60 farmers arrange awareness camp with the help of respective expert member. KSK must keep in mind that farmers they have visited will have to participate in the awareness program. Feedback from farmers regarding their level of satisfaction on training program and should be submitted the VIB authority (Identification progressive farmers). Must maintain a data base of all progressive farmers. If any confusion arises KSK will again take initiative to motivate them If KSKs are able to manage 50 master farmers from each G.P that should be indicator the efficiency of KSK. KSKs can formulate JLG from the progressive farmer data base.

5.5 KSKs value addition:-job

Identify the progressive farmers with the help of survey form/awareness camp/opinion leader etc. Provide information about JLG, Soil testing and organic farming. Timely provide soil testing report. Timely provide banking facility. Ensure farmers training before each cropping pattern. Ensure availability of product. Ensure follow up feedback (Regular basis visit).

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Operation mechanism of covering 1000 Farmer

To identify 50 master farmers. Each master farmer have identifies 20 farmers & makes a farmers club as per the NABARD Norms. Total no. of farmer will be 50*20 = 1000

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5.6 Training schedule in master farmer

6. Awareness program
Farmer here even today practice cultivation by tradition means. Few years ago they had a lot of negative conception about the use of chemical fertilizers. But now a day they are using excessively chemical fertilizer which reducing productivity/fertility statues of the land. As a result farmer fails to earn profitable amount. Within last 2 months I have been able to conducted 19 awareness program through this project I have tried to make them conscious of the improved modern technology in agricultural., how to make good profit with less investments, the advantage of organic farming and necessity of soil testing.

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Some picture of awareness program in Ranganga GP

Some picture of Farmer training in Ramganga GP

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7. Master Farmer identification and formation of JLG group

As per the instruction of NABARD project the initiative to assemble 1000 farmer under a single roof. It is beyond the ability of KSK to control 1000 farmer and to make each and every one of them aware of the modernized method of farming. KSK fails to manage the 1000 farmers in present situation master farmer technology of NABARD will be the way to overcome the situation. The farmers able to take modern technology through master farmer. I have identified 25 master farmers in the projective area. There will be 20 farmers under I master farmer. They will be take the necessary knowledge about the organic farming from there master farmer who will trend by the expert member of respective subjective previously at VIB . This master farmer group will form a farmer club in the future. Joint Liability group(JLG) is a group of individuals(usually five) who guarantee each other in the group in order to avail a loan. The loan is sanctioned to individuals of the group, without taking any tangible collateral, however should there be any default all the member of the group are collectively responsible and jointly liable for the repayment of the loan. Each individual can use the loan for their own purposes- purposes can range from consumption to repayment of other outstanding debts of assets. I have identified 21 JLG group.

Some picture of JLG group Formation

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8. Joint Liability Groups

8.1 Objectives
The scheme aim at the following objective a) To augment flow of credit to tenant farmer's cultivating land either as oral lessees or sharecroppers an small farmers who do not have proper title of their land holding through formation and financing of JLGs. b) To extent collateral free loans to target clients through JLG mechanism. c) To build mutual trust and confidence between banks and tenant farmers.

8.2 General feature of JLG

A Joint Liability Group (JLG) is an informal group comprising preferably of 4 to 10 individuals coming together for the purpose of availing bank loan either singly or through the group mechanism against mutual guarantee. The JLG members would offer a joint undertaking to the bank that enables them to avail loans. The JLG members are expected to engage in similar type of economic activities like crop production. The management of JLG is to be kept simple with little or no financial administration within the group

8.3 Criteria for selection of JLG members

JLGs can be formed primarily consisting of tenant farmers and small farmers cultivating land without possessing proper title of their land. Members should be of similar socio economic status and background carrying out farming activities and who agree to function as a joint liability group. The group must be organized by the likeminded farmers and not imposed by the bank or others. The members should be residing in the same village /area and should know and trust each other well enough to take up joint liability for group / individuals loan. The members should be engaged in agriculture activities for a continuous period of not less than 1 year within the area of operation of the bank branch. The group members should not be a defaulter to any other financial institutions.

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 JLG should not be formed with members of the same family and more than one person from the same family should not be included in the JLG. There is a need for a very active member of the group to ensure leadership role and ensure the activities of the JLG. The selection of a good /able / active leader for the JLG is an essential need, which will ultimately benefit all the JLG members. However care should be taken to ensure that became loans are not cornered by the group leader.

8.4 Size of the JLG

The group should be formed preferably with 4 to 10 members to ensure the group members to offer mutual guarantee.

8.5 Formation of JLGs

KSK discuss with the JLG members the bank's regulation, lending procedures, services etc. The principles of self-help and group strength need to be emphasized. Group cohesion has to be ensured. Adequate emphasis should be placed on the roles, expectations and functions of the group / members & the benefits of group dynamics.

8.6 Saving by JLG

The JLG is intended primarily to be a credit group. Therefore savings by the JLG members is voluntary. All the JLG would normally consist of 4 to 10 individuals. The group members may be encouraged to open an individual "non frill" account. However, if the JLG chooses to undertake saving as well as credit operations through the group mechanism, such groups should open a savings account in the name of JLG with at least two members being authorized to operate the account on behalf of the group.

8.7 Critical factors in the JLG approach

The success of JLG concept depends on several factors. However, following factors are critical: The concept depends heavily on mutual trust within that groups and on peer pressure to the repayment of loans. The quality of group leadership is critically important for sustainability of the group. The JLG exists only for the single purpose of expediting certain categories of loans. Generally they are not multifunctional groups.

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8.8 Purpose of Credit

The finance to JLG is expected to be a flexible credit produced addressing the credit requirement of its members including crop production, consumption, marketing and other productive purpose.

8.9 Type of Loan

The branches may consider cash credit, short term loan or term loan depending upon the purpose of loan.

8.10 Loan Limit

Considering that the loan to be granted is against the mutual guarantee offered by the group, maximum amount of loan may be restricted to Rs. 50,000/- per individual

8.11 Rate of Interest

The rate of interest to be charged on the limit financed to JLG at per applicable in our Bank from time to time. At present rate of interest would be charged as under 6.96% (Agricultural loan)

8.12 Implementation process for CSP

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9. Business plan for KSK as agricultural

Assumption
Azotobacter: every month 4 packet for per bigha Soil testing: 10% of total cultivation land in the project area. Vermicomposet: No need to apply in Aman paddy. Remaining other yield 10 packet of vermicompost for every season per bigha. Bio pesticide:- only calculated cash crop. .Botanical pesticide: 10% of total cultivation land. Its using 1.5 kg (per bigha) at a time. Maximum spray 9 times in 4 month crop.

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9.1 Bio- Fertilizer

It is a great source of nitrogen to meet the needs of crops because also has the capabilities to cause a rejuvenation of soil microbiology to tap out the biological fixation of nitrogen. Azotobacter Are free living bacteria which utilize atmospheric nitrogen gas for synthesis and then mineralised in the soil after the death of Azotobacter thereby contributing towards the nitrogen availability of the crop plants. Azotobacter is a free-living nitrogen-fixing bacterium, which is used as a biofertilizer in the cultivation of most crops. All plant needs nitrogen for its growth and Azotobacter fixes atmospheric nitrogen nonsymbiotically. Therefore, all plants, trees, vegetables, get benefited. However, especially cereals, vegetables, fruits, trees, sugarcane, cotton, grapes, banana, etc. are known to get addition nitrogen requirements from Azotobacter. Azotobacter also increases germination of seeds. Seeds having less germinating percent if inoculated can increase germination by 20-30%.

What is Bio Fertilizer?

Bio Fertilizer is a Natural organic fertilizer known that helps to provide all the nutrients required by the plants and helps to increase the quality of the soil with a natural microorganism environment. Our fertilizers are 100% natural organic material from the nutrient-rich lands of Costa Rica, that could be easily applied with water over your plantations on any stage, or use it as a base for creating a potent and concentrated natural organic liquid fertilizers that could be used in many different growing mediums with excellent production results for organic farming, industrial and home applications such as gardening. Bio Fertilizers are the most advanced bio technology necessary to support developing organic agriculture, sustainable agriculture, green agriculture and non-pollution agriculture. This Bioorganic Fertilizer can increase the output, improve the quality and it is responsible for agriculture environment. Today, it has been widely used with excellent results in all kinds of plants and several countries. It is well known that the continue use and overuse of petrochemical based fertilizers and toxic pesticides have caused a detrimental effect to our soils, water supplies, foods, animals and even people. The Biological Grower is more sensible with sustainable approach and employs the resources of both science and nature to allow better results in his production. For centuries, peat moss has been recognized soil bacteria, fungi, earthworms, and other bio-organisms to enrich the

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soil to produce safe, nutritious and abundant crops. An excellent fertilizer sources. We have developed all natural organic fertilizers made with pure peat moss. Biofertilizer Contains a wide range of naturally cheated plant nutrients and trace elements, carbohydrates, amino acids and other growth promoting substances. Kelp acts as a soil conditioner by stimulating microbial activity in the soil which results in improved air-water relationships in soil, improved fertility and makes soil less prone to compaction and erosion. Organic Growers who use kelp in their regular fertility program report increases in yield, quality, shelf-life and resistance to environmental stresses such as drought, extreme heat, early frost, and pest and disease problems. This blend makes an excellent foliar fertilizer. Besides being a nutritionally complete fertilizer (containing even calcium), the nutrients are readily absorbed by the leaf. This is because the nitrogen in fish is in the form of amino acids which plants take in and use directly unlike inorganic fertilizers in which the nitrogen needs to be converted into a usable form first. Additionally, because the micro-nutrients in the fish and in the kelp are in a naturally cheated form they are quickly and readily absorbed into the leaf surface. Foliar applications on a regular basis can increase the health, vigor and yield of plants due to this easily absorbed additional nutrition. Organic fertilizers differ from chemicals fertilizers in that they feed your plants while adding organic material to the soil. Soils with lots of organic matter remain loose and airy, hold more moisture and nutrients, foster growth of soil organisms, and promote healthier plant root development. If only chemicals are added the soil gradually loses its organic matter and micro biotic activity. As organic matter is used up, the soil structure deteriorates, becoming compact, lifeless and less able to hold water and nutrients. This results in increased amounts of chemical fertilizers needed to feed plants. We also like organic fertilizers because they're made from renewable resources; chemicals are not. The Bio Fertilizer is a premium natural fertilizer composed just with certified organic ingredients special of nutrient-poor Western soils. This organic fertilizer is unequaled in its ability to nourish the beneficial micro-organisms in the soil greatly increasing the soils humus content and improving its ability to sustain and nurture healthy, more colorful plants. Use by the handful when planting individual plants, broadcast and mix it deeply into the soil when planting flower beds or spread it around established plants and scratch it into the soil. It is also excellent for use in vegetable gardens, container plantings and as a compost-pile activator The Peat moss is a plant that could lives well in an environment poor in oxygen but when dies, it's decomposition could takes thousands of years, That property, give them special properties to the cells, making them much bigger and it that helps to KEEPS the water and nutrients that could be applied later to the plants. Bio Fertilizer: The Best Economic Value: Proven, top-quality product. Stick with bio fertilizer the one that always has and always will give you top quality and the best value immediately for

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your investment and much more profits at long term. It is homogenous easy to handle and has shown the best growth results, all of this at a highly competitive price

Why should we use bio fertilizers?

With the introduction of green revolution technologies the modern agriculture is getting more and more dependent upon the steady supply of synthetic inputs (mainly fertilizers), which are products of fossil fuel (coal+ petroleum). Adverse effects are being noticed due to the excessive and imbalanced use of these synthetic inputs. This situation has lead to identifying harmless inputs like bio fertilizers. Use of such natural products like bio fertilizers in crop cultivation will help in safeguarding the soil health and also the quality of crop products.

What are the benefits from using bio fertilizers?

Increase crop yield by 20-30%. Replace chemical nitrogen and phosphorus by 25%. Stimulate plant growth. Activate the soil biologically. Restore natural soil fertility. Provide protection against drought and some soil borne diseases

What are the advantages of bio-fertilizers?

1. Cost effective. 2. Supplement to-------- fertilizers. 3. Eco-friendly (Friendly with nature). Reduces the costs towards fertilizers use, especially regarding nitrogen and phosphorus.

What types of bio fertilizers are available?

1. For Nitrogen
Rhizobium for legume crops. Azotobacter/Azospirillum for non legume crops. Acetobacter for sugarcane only. Blue Green Algae (BGA) and Azolla

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How bio fertilizers are applied to crops?

1. Seed treatment: 200 g of nitrogenous bio fertilizer and 200 g of Phosphotika are suspended in 300-400 ml of water and mixed thoroughly. Ten kg seeds are treated with this paste and dried in shade. The treated seeds have to be sown as soon as possible. 2. Seedling root dip: For rice crop, a bed is made in the field and filled with water. Recommended bio fertilizers are mixed in this water and the roots of seedlings are dipped for 8-10 hrs. 3. Soil treatment: 4 kg each of the recommended bio fertilizers are mixed in 200 kg of compost and kept overnight. This mixture is incorporated in the soil at the time of sowing or planting.

How could one get good response to bio fertilizer application?

Biofertilizer product must contain good effective strain in appropriate population and

should be free from contaminate microorganisms. Select right combination of bio fertilizers and use before expiry date. Use suggested method of application and apply at appropriate time as per the information provided on the label. For seed treatment adequate adhesive should be used for better results. For problematic soils use corrective methods like lime or gypsum pelleting of seeds or correction of soil pH by use of lime.

Ensure the supply of phosphorus and other nutrients.

What would be probable reasons for not getting response from the application of bio fertilizers?
1. On account of quality of product
Use of ineffective strain. Insufficient population of microorganisms. High level of contaminants.

2. On account of inadequate storage facilities May have been exposed to high temperature. May have been stored in hostile conditions. 3. On account of usage

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 Not used by recommended method in appropriate doses. Poor quality adhesive. Used with strong doses of plant protection chemicals.

4. On account of soil and environment

High soil temperature or low soil moisture. Acidity or alkalinity in soil. Poor availability of phosphorous and molybdenum.

Presence of high native population or presence of bacteriophages.

9.2 Azospirillum & Azotobacter

Azospirillum contains 109/gm spores of Azospirillum species. This microorganism fixes the atmospheric nitrogen and makes it available to plants in a symbiotic manner. Azospirillum is mainly useful for monocot vegetables. Azospirillum bio fertilizer also secretes some fungicides, enzymes but in minute amount. Use of Azospirillum bio fertilizer increases the crop production in large scale.

Application
Use for the non-leguminous crops before the mentioned expiry date. Mix the inoculants uniformly with the seeds gently with the minimum amount

of water taking care to avoid damage to seed coat. Dry the inoculated seeds under shade over clean paper or gunny bag and sow immediately. For transplanted crops: Mix the inoculants in bucket of water stir the mixture vigorously. Dip the roots of seedlings in this mixture before transplanting. Transplant as usual. It can be mixed with pit mixture before planting of vegetables / fruit crop. If the seed is to be treated with pesticides; first follow the pesticide treatments and finally treat seeds with Azospirillum inoculants.

Recommendations
Jowar, Bajra, Wheat, Maize, Paddy, Cotton, Sugarcane, Vegetables, Grass, Fruit trees and Ornamental plants. Only Rhizobium is recommended for leguminous plants like Groundnut, Soybean, Red-gram, Green-gram, Black-gram, Lentil, Cow pea, Bengal-gram and Fodder legumes.

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9.3 Rhizobium
Rhizobium fertilizer contains Rhizobium micro-organisms. These micro-organisms live in association with the roots of leguminous plants in the form of root nodules. These microorganisms fix the atmospheric Nitrogen in the roots & make it available to plants, which plants cant fix directly and makes the soil fertile & also increases the plant health.

Application
Use for the non-leguminous crops before the mentioned expiry date. Mix the inoculants uniformly with the seeds gently with the minimum amount

of water taking care to avoid damage to seed coat. Dry the inoculated seeds under shade over clean paper or gunny bag and sow immediately. For transplanted crops: Mix the inoculants in bucket of water stir the mixture vigorously. Dip the roots of seedlings in this mixture before transplanting. Transplant as usual. It can be mixed with pit mixture before planting of vegetables / fruit crop. If the seed is to be treated with pesticides; first follow the pesticide treatments and finally treat seeds with Azospirillum inoculant. It reduces dose of nitrogenous fertilizers like Urea and Increases the protein content of seeds. It provides nitrogen to the plant and increases the yield.

Recommendations
For all leguminous plants like soyabean, groundnut, mung, check pea, all types of beans, methi , alfalfa, lupin, barseem etc.

9.4 PSB/PSM Culture

Phosphate solubilizing micro organisms for all crops. There are many types of micro organisms presnt in soil out of which some microbes & fungi can solubilised the complex insoluble form of phosphorus into simple soluble forms that can be taken by plants. Generally these micro organisms are very few in soil. PSB/PSM culture contains millions of soil phosphate solubilising micro-organism per gram. These phosphate solubilising bacteria stay near the roots & make the phosphorus available to plants from soil as well as fertilizers & increase the production drastically.

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Application
Use for the crops before the mentioned expiry date. Mix the inoculants uniformly with the seeds gently with the minimum amount of water taking care to avoid damage to seed coat. Dry the inoculated seeds under shade over clean paper or gunny bag and sow immediately. For transplanted crops: Mix the inoculants in bucket of water stir the mixture vigorously. Dip the roots of seedlings in this mixture before transplanting. Transplant as usual. It can be mixed with pit mixture before planting of vegetables / fruit crop. If the seed is to be treated with pesticides; first follow the pesticide treatments and finally treat seeds with PSB culture. It coverts insoluble complex form of phosphate in to simple soluble form to increases the yield.

Recommendations
Jowar, Bajra, Wheat, Maize, Paddy, Cotton, Sugarcane, Vegetables, Grass, Fruit trees and Ornamental pla. .

9.5 Botanical pesticides

Many plants are known to have pesticidal properties and the extract of such plants or its refined forms can be used in the management of pests. Among various plants identified for the purpose, neem has been found to be most effective. Neem (Azadirachta indica) Neem has been found to be effective in the management of approximately 200 insects, pests and nematodes. Neem is very effective against grasshoppers, leaf hoppers, plant hoppers, aphids, jassids, and moth caterpillars. Neem extracts, are also very effective against beetle larvae, butterfly, moth and caterpillars such as Mexican bean beetle, Colorado potato beetle and diamondback moth. Neem is very effective against grasshoppers, leaf minor andleaf hoppers such as variegated grasshoppers, green rice leaf hopper and cotton jassids. Neem is fairly good in managing beetles, aphids and white flies, mealy bug scale insects, adult bugs, fruit maggots and spider mites

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10. Business plan for KSK as a B.C

Assumption
300 account opening in a year, per account earn Rs.15 Total loan amount Rs. 5000000 in a year. Total fixed deposit Rs. 100000 in a year. Total insurance Rs. 50000 in a year, commission 2% NP recovery Rs. 100000 in a year, commission 10% of 75% 100 JLG group Form in a year, per group Rs.150

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10.1 Business plan for KSK as KISOK Banking

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10.2 Income for 1 st year

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10.3 Projected income for 5 years

10.4 Loan Repayment schedule

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Assumption
1500 A/C will be opened per KIOSK Bank but only 1000 A/C holder will be taken transaction facility. 1st year average yearly transaction per A/C holder @2000 per month. 2nd year average yearly transaction per A/C holder @3000 per month. 3rd year average yearly transaction per A/C holder @4000 per month. 4th year average yearly transaction per A/C holder @5000 per month. 5th year average yearly transaction per A/C holder @5000 per month. Total repayment period is 5 years. Repayment is yearly basis. Interest rate 11%.

11. KIOSK Banking Channel

IT-enabled Financial Inclusion started in SBI Bank with PoS based biometrically enabled Smart Card technology. Thereafter the Bank has launched a new technology channel, Internet enabled PC Kiosk channel during August, 2008 operated through Business Correspondents (BC), on the Banks technology platform. The Kiosk Banking channel can be leveraged on the infrastructure developed for the Common Service Centre (CSC) scheme of the Government of India, as also with other players in this area.

11.1 SALIENT FEATURE

The salient features of the Internet enabled PC Kiosk channel is as under A. A BC based model leveraging the existing/oncoming kiosk infrastructure in villages. B. Operated at retail outlets of Kiosk Operators (KOs), who are our Customer Service Points (CSP) C. Allows customer to transact locally and eliminates need to visit a Bank Branch. D. Secure Transactions as it works on bio-metric validation of the customer. E. BC operates the kiosk and pays / receives cash to / from customers. F. Kiosks directly interact online with Core Banking. G. Transactions are voice prompted which explain / confirm transactions to customers in local language. H. Savings Bank accounts and related facilities are available at kiosk. I. HNI / affluent customers. J. This channel has three major functionaries: Administrator A Bank Official with highest capability level in the application, only one for the country. Business Correspondent The usual Business Correspondent who can be in both tiny card and kiosk outlets if wishing,

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 Kiosk Operator (KO) or Customer Service Point (CSP) Appointed by the BC; Delivers banking service to the Customer.

11.2 INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIREMENT FOR KIOSK OPERATOR

A simple PC with web camera / digital camera and speakers Internet connectivity Finger print scanner (to be arranged from Bank approved vendor, as indicated herein) Printer

11.3 ROLE OF CIRCLES

The Kiosk Banking channel is a low cost and effective online channel to extend outreach in the unbanked area. Circles are requested to Engage SCAs/CSCs operating in Circles to roll out Kiosk Banking. Examine the engagement of local level BCs/outlets having necessary infrastructure i.e. Internet enabled PC along with printer, etc. Create awareness at grass root level viz Link Branches / CMFs / BC CSPs. Provide due publicity among rural masses target group. Ensure arrangements for proper supply of stationery at CSPs. Circle Administrator to ensure installation of fingerprint scanner and licenses, printer/web camera, trainings and support to KO/BC.

11.4 KIOSK BANKING: GETTING STARTED

Once the National/Regional level BCs are selected, the KO identified by the BC is required to pay the activation fee after which the KOs terminal ID (machine ID) gets mapped into the Kiosk portal by the Administrator. This ensures that the Kiosk banking model can be accessed only by the authorized agents since the corresponding terminal ID needs to be mapped by the Administrator before being able to view the Kiosk Banking portal.

11.4.1 Enrollment
Once KO terminal has been activated, he can enroll and conduct regular banking transactions. For opening an account with the Bank, the customer submits a simplified account opening form to the KO. KO enters the customer details and captures his photo (using the web camera) in the system. Documents as per the liberalized KYC norms are also collected during this process. The CSP will capture the image of the customer with provided by the BC. On successful uploading of data, the system generates a reference number and acknowledgement receipt.

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11.4.2 Account Creation

KO submits physical account opening form for verification/checking to Link Branch. The Kiosk Banking application sends information on the customers to Link Branches. The Link Branch verifies this information against particulars of the physical account opening forms received by them. As per RBI guidelines, verification of KYC is the responsibility of the Bank. Link branches have to verify all the account opening forms along with KYC documents. On successful verification by the Link Branch, the account creation file is uploaded into CBS which creates CIF for the customer and opens savings bank account with zero balance making the link branch as the home branch. The application keeps track of customer creation status and updates the status on successful creation of CIF and savings bank account by CBS. The KO, using the reference number already generated for the customer, logs into the Kiosk application and prints Identity Card for the customer. As part of Risk Mitigation efforts, the Link Branch also has to physically verify at least five percent of the account opening forms on random basis every month by personally visiting the Customer Service Points / Kiosk Outlets.

11.4.3 Transaction Handling

For conducting any transaction, the customer needs to visit the kiosk. Customers can do online, real time banking transactions locally at his place without visiting the Banks branch. The kiosk operator logs into the system using his own ID which is also password protected and biometrically verified. The transactions take place only after successful validation of the customers fingerprint, the mapped accounts for the given customer will be shown in drop box in the Kiosk Banking interface. The Customer's main menu display the customer's particulars and welcome message along with available services like deposit, withdrawal, balance enquiry, and statement of accounts. The KO operates the kiosk and handles cash to / from customers. These kiosks directly interact online with the Banks Core Banking system. The transactions are supported by voice prompt which explain / confirm transactions to customers in local language (this process enhances the security and also boosts the confidence of the rural customers while doing their financial transactions). Right now, voice prompts in English, Hindi, Tamil and Gujarati are available (Bengali version is being finalized by Kolkata Circle). For a new linguistic area (the Circle as a whole is expected to have one except North East). Circle may contact RBG, CC for translation of voice in local language

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12. Finding
Topic they have knowledge about the bio- fertilizer there have interested to analysis their own soil for better fertilizer management After awareness they have interested to use bio fertilizer After awareness they have interested to use Bio pesticide After awareness they have interested to use botanical pesticide New technology(INM, SRI, IPM, IWM,e tc) adaptation by the farmer Interested on only organic based farming Know about the VIB Knows the KSK by the farmer in this area Total no of loan holder through SBI Interested on vermicomposet application Interested person agricultural loan Interested on individual loan taken Interested to change there cropping pattern Responded out of 125 farmers 14 92 107 119 61 93 20 39 112 34 120 21 81 94

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13. Conclusion
It was observer from varies result and activity that the Green Revolution, benefitted mostly the big farmers with some capital reserves. The small farmers, in spite of their access to finance from the formal and informal sources, were not able to get as much benefit as the big farmers drove since the size of their farms was too small. In context of Bengal not only the size of the landholding was an issue. The landholdings were also fragmented here. Mechanization had also some cost involved in it and above a certain size of consolidated holding it could prove to be effective. However, the issue of far greater concern is the damage caused, over the years, by Green Revolution to the agro-ecosystem as a result of excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. More and more reports are surfacing on the harmful effects of over-application of synthetic agricultural inputs. So the agricultural experts are recommending stopping or reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and moving over to bio fertilizer, organic manure and bio & botanical pesticide. We all are talking about the Evergreen Revolution. For this region the objective of the project work are, to model of validate technology to improve their livelihood, minimize the cost of cultivation through bio fertilizer & pesticide, vermicomposed etc, employment generation & find out the business plan. After having thoroughly contract with the farmer extensive visit of the village are following finding record that they have no idea about the organic farming and there couponed but after awareness camp of the target farmer interest adopt the pollution free modern technology. Its help their soil health as well as pour food and quality fodder animals. .

14. Recommendation
To arrange awareness camp in regular basis. To develop a system for proper management. All the KSK should submitted the report weekly basic. To monetary the business plan frequent by VIB authority. Farmer training schedule before cropping season. Update the data base of the farmer on regular basis Maintain the proper channel of supply the VIB products to hand of farmer.

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Reference
Annual report Sri Ramakrishna Ashram 2009-2010 Cooperative Extension Service,(2003), collage of tropical agricultural and human resources, Biotechnology-3 ,May, university of Hawaii at Manoa Agricultural Biotechnology(1998), An economic Research service report an economic perspective, report no 687, September, United states department of Agriculture, pp 16-23 Annual Report(2006-2007), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science & Technology, government of India, p no. 37-49. https://www.sbikiosk.com http://support.legendsystems.co.in http://www.gsfclimited.com/bio_fertilizers.asp?mnuid=3 http://www.jbiopest.com/users/LW8/ http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/using-botanical-pesticides-in-your-organicgarden.html http://www.nabard.org/development&promotional/farmersclubprogramme.asp

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