Signaling Procedures

Signalling Procedures
MSC
A-Interface
DOWNLINK
BSS BSC
AbisInterface
UPLINK)
Air Interface
Mobile Communication Division
RNE_Fund_17_05E04.ppt /Edition 04/Page 1
ACS/SR2
GSM Signalling Procedures

t Call setup
n Mobile originated call setup n Mobile terminated call setup
Ring-Ring...
t Location update t Handover

n Synchronous HO (Intra Cell / Co Site) n Asynchronous HO (Inter Cell)
t Call release
n Call release by MS n Call release by network
Location Location Area A Area B
ACS/SR2
Purpose of Logical Channels (1)

t BCH - Broadcast Channel
n FCCH Frequency correction channel n SCH Synchronisation channel for frame synchronisation n BCCH Broadcast control channel to transmit system information t CCCH - Common Control Channel to setup Signalling Channel n RACH (UL) Random access channel SDCCH channel request message of mobile n AGCH (DL) Access grant channel acknowledge access request and assign a SDCCH to MS n PCH (DL) Paging channel BTS transmits paging message within location area t DCCH - Dedicated Control Channel for Signalling n SDCCH Signalling (call setup, SMS, location update, authentication...)
Mobile Communication Division RNE_Fund_17_05E04.ppt /Edition 04/Page 3 ACS/SR2
Purpose of Logical Channels (2)

t TCH - Traffic Channel to transmit Speech or Data
n Full rate and half rate traffic channels
t Associated Channels
n FACCH associated with TCH for signalling l Signalling after TCH setup (end of call processing, handover ....) l Steals up to 24 TCH timeslots of a 26 multiframe (stealing flag) n SACCH associated with SDCCH or TCH to transmit l DL: sysinfo messages and commands for TA and PC l UL: Measurement report l 1 timeslot per 26 Multiframe
ACS/SR2
Signalling Procedures Mobile Originated Call Setup (1)
t Radio Link Establishment - Establish Links between

n BSS and MS (SDCCH) n BSS and MSC (SCCP link: Signalling Connection Control Part)
t Authentication and Ciphering

n Authenticate MS identity n Ciphering optional
Ring-Ring...
t TCH assignment
n Assign TCH n Release SDCCH
ACS/SR2
Mobile originated call setup (2) - Radio Link Establishment
MS BTS BSC allocation of SDCCH channel MSC
RACH
channel request (rn, est. cause)
channel req. (Meas. TA, rn)
Initiate physical layer resources
channel activation (TA/SDCCH/Pwr) channel act. ackn. Immediate assignment command
MS switches to SDCCH
Im. ass. cmd rn, fn,TA,SDCCH
AGCH
SDCCH
SABM (service request)
SDCCH
UA (service request)
Establishment indication
SCCP Connection Request SCCP Connection Confirm
ACS/SR2
Mobile originated call setup (3) - TCH Assignment
MS setup message (called party nr.) call proceeding physical context request physical context confirm: TA + Pwr assignment request channel type + cm TCH allocation algorithm (int. level) BTS BSC MSC
SDCCH SDCCH
Authentication and Cyphering
SACCH
TA+Pwr+Sysinfo
Release SDCCH Switch to TCH
channel activation TCH+TA+cipher+ DTX+Pwr channel activation acknowledge assignment cmd
SDCCH
assignment cmd
ACS/SR2
Mobile originated call setup (4) - TCH Assignment
MS BTS BSC establish indication Set switching path between Abis and A interface resources, Establish LAPDm connection for TCH MSC
FACCH
SABM UA
FACCH FACCH
Assignment Complete: to initiate release of SDCCH
FACCH
ALERTING
FACCH FACCH TCH

CALL ESTABLISHED CONVERSATION PHASE
Mobile Communication Division RNE_Fund_17_05E04.ppt /Edition 04/Page 8 ACS/SR2
CONNECT CONNECT ACKNOWLEDGE
Signalling Procedures Mobile terminated call (1)

BSS
B T S
(
4 1
BSC
B T S
MSC
5
GMSC
2
7 8
B T S
BSS
VLR
B T S
HLR
BSC 6
P S T N -I S D N
BSS
B T S
B T S
BSC
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Initial Address Message (IAM) Interrogation MSC address of subscriber Initial Address Message (IAM) Get subscriber data
6. 7. 8. 9.
Paging command Paging of subscriber Access to BSS Call establishment

ACS/SR2
Signalling Procedures Mobile terminated call (2)
t Follows the same basic procedures as MS originated call t Differences are:

MS MS listens to messages of its paging group
PCH
Paging request TMSI / IMSI
BTS
BSC Paging command TMSI/IMSI paging group + channel channel req. (Meas. TA, rn)
MSC Paging message TMSI/ IMSI + cell list allocation of SDCCH channel
RACH
channel request (rn, est. cause)
ring tone user answers
alert connect
RADIO LINK AND ESTABLISHMENT PROCEDURE AUTHENTICATION AND CYPHERING ASSIGNMENT PROCEDURE FOR TCH FACCH
connect acknowledge
RNE_Fund_17_05E04.ppt /Edition 04/Page 10 ACS/SR2
Location Update (1)

LAI
BSS
B T S
2 BSC
4 8
5 6
HLR
MSC
8 7
B T S
VLR 9
New location area and new MSC area

1
LAI
B T S
BSS BSS
B T S
BSC
MSC
VLR
B T S
B T S
BSC
Old location area

1. MS enters a new Location Area 2. MS recognizes new LAI (Location Area Index) 3. Access to BSS 4. Location update request 5. Location update info 6. Response 7. Subscriber data inscription 8. Response 9. Delete subscriber data
ACS/SR2
Location update (2)

t Always initiated by MS - performed in idle mode
n Periodic location update (timer transmitted on BCCH) n MS moving in new location area (LAI transmitted on BCCH)
t Air interface messages

n n n n n n n n RACH (UL): channel request AGCH (DL): imediate assignment CMD (SDCCH) SDCCH (UL): location update request (IMSI / TMSI) SDCCH (UL/DL): authentication / ciphering Subscriber data insertion to new VLR (update request of BSS) Data in previous VLR is deleted SDCCH (DL): location update accept/reject message (new TMSI) SDCCH (UL/DL): channel release procedure
RNE_Fund_17_05E04.ppt /Edition 04/Page 12 ACS/SR2
Synchronous and Asynchronous HO
ACS/SR2
Synchronous internal TCH HO

MS SACCH measurement report Target BTS Serving BTS BSC HO detection HO alarm Target cell evaluation MSC measurement result physical context request physical context confirm: TA/Pwr channel activation TA+cipher+DTX+power+channel channel activation acknowledge
Target BTS activates TCH
release FACCH with Handover cmd: HO ref+Pwr+cell desc. +TA+cipher+channel serv access burst (TA = 0) handover detection BTS
recalculation SABM establ. indication of TA

UA
handover complete
handover performed
ACS/SR2
Asynchronous external HO
t After MS releases connection of serving BTS
n Synchronisation with target BTS required using FCCH and SCH n Since TA value of target BTS is unknown: MS continuously sends access bursts until it receives the physical information message n Target BTS receives access burst and calculates TA n Target BTS sends physical information message on FACCH
ACS/SR2
Radio Link Control Power Control Handover
ACS/SR2
Radio Link Control Process

t Cell Selection / Reselection in Idle Mode t Power Control t Handover t Radio Link Supervision
ACS/SR2
Cell Selection / Reselection

t MS in idle mode t Cell Selection
n Condition for cell selection RXLEV > RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN n Selection of strongest cell
selection reselection
t Cell Reselection
Location n MS moving from cell A to cell B Area B n Within location area (LA) : reselection if BSC 2 RXLEV(B) > RXLEV(A) n Different LAs: reselection if RXLEV(B)>RXLEV(A)+CELL_RESELECT_HYSTERESIS
Mobile Communication Division RNE_Fund_17_05E04.ppt /Edition 04/Page 18
Location Area A BSC 1
ACS/SR2
PC & HO Algorithm - Connected Mode

Interfered area 1 2 3 Coverage Hole 4 5 Location Area A BSC 1
Location Area B BSC 2

t Intercell / Intracell t Emergency / Better Cell t Internal / External t Synchronous / Asynch.

ACS/SR2
HO Categories (1)
t Intercell / Intracell
n Intercell: Handover between two channels of adjacent cells n Intracell: Handover between two channels of same cell
Interfered area Intercell Better cell
t Emergency / Better Cell

n Emergency: triggered to rescue the call (bad level, quality, interference etc.) n Better cell: triggered to improve overall performance l PBGT HO: interference reduction l Directed retry: load reduction
Intracell Emergency
ACS/SR2
Handover Categories (2)

t Internal / External
n Internal: target and serving cell belong to same BSC BSC controlled HO n External: target and serving cell belong to BSC MSC controlled HO
B T S
BSC1
MSC
external
different
B T S
BSC2
t Synchronous / Asynchronous
internal
B T S
n Synchronous: same clock (cosited BTS) l Simplified protocol: no need to synchronise and recompute TA l Intracell HO or HO between sectors n Asynchronous: different clock (different sites) l Synchronisaion and recomputation of TA
ACS/SR2
General Behaviour
PC command Radio Link Measurements Active channel preprocessing
PC & HO threshold comparison
HO candidate cell evaluation
HO decision + execution
ACS/SR2
Radio Link Measurements

t Input for PC and HO
n RX_LEV, RX_QUAL in UL and DL direction n Timing advance and cell load
RXLEV_UL RXQUAL_UL Cell Load RXLEV_DL RXQUAL_DL
DOWNLINK
UPLINK
BTS
BSC
Abis measurement result (UL/DL)
Measurement Report (SACCH)
Timing Advance
ACS/SR2
Preprocessing
t Sliding Averaging and Weighting
n To avoid wrong decisions due to fading n BSS Parameter: averaging windows and weighting parameter Example: A_LEV_PC, W_LEV_PC
Measurement Samples X X X X X X X X X 480ms
Mobile Communication Division RNE_Fund_17_05E04.ppt /Edition 04/Page 24
Averaging Window = 4 SACCH frames
X X X X
time
ACS/SR2
Threshold comparison
t Triggering of HO
n Compare preprocessed values to predefined thresholds to trigger PC command (increase or decrease power) HO candidate cell evaluation n BSS Parameter: thresholds, e.g. L_RXLEV_UL_P L_RXQUAL_H Power HO_MARGIN(A, B) control
Preprocessed measurement samples Threshold comparision (PC & HO) command Handover but to which target Cell?
ACS/SR2
Candidate Cell Evaluation

t Target cell selection based on raw list = declared neighbour cells t Preselection of raw list by specific conditions (e.g. RXLEV_MIN) t Sorting of remaining candidates to determine top ranked candidate
Candidate raw list = cell 1 to cell 6 Preselected candidates = cell 2 to cell 4 Top ranked candidate = cell 3
6 serving cell 5 4
ACS/SR2
Radio Link Supervision (Alcatel specific) t In case no measurement reports are available
Input for PC and HO algorithm not available
t Step 1: Radio Link Recovery Procedure

n Increase MS and BTS power to maximum after defined period
t Step 2: Detection of Link Loss

n If no improvement define link as lost after defined period
t BSS Parameter
n EN_RL_RECOV n N_BSTXPWR_M n RADIO_LINK_TIMEOUT_BS
UPLINK Measurement Report (SACCH)
ACS/SR2

Signaling Procedures

Încărcat de

Informații document

Descriere originală:

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Signaling Procedures

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Signalling Procedures

Mobile Communication Division

RNE_Fund_17_05E04.ppt /Edition 04/Page 1

GSM Signalling Procedures

t Location update t Handover

Location Location Area A Area B

Mobile Communication Division

RNE_Fund_17_05E04.ppt /Edition 04/Page 2

Purpose of Logical Channels (1)

Purpose of Logical Channels (2)

Mobile Communication Division

RNE_Fund_17_05E04.ppt /Edition 04/Page 4

Signalling Procedures Mobile Originated Call Setup (1)

t Radio Link Establishment - Establish Links between

t Authentication and Ciphering

Mobile Communication Division

RNE_Fund_17_05E04.ppt /Edition 04/Page 5

channel req. (Meas. TA, rn)

Initiate physical layer resources

channel activation (TA/SDCCH/Pwr) channel act. ackn. Immediate assignment command

Im. ass. cmd rn, fn,TA,SDCCH

SCCP Connection Request SCCP Connection Confirm

Mobile Communication Division

RNE_Fund_17_05E04.ppt /Edition 04/Page 6

Authentication and Cyphering

Release SDCCH Switch to TCH

channel activation TCH+TA+cipher+ DTX+Pwr channel activation acknowledge assignment cmd

Mobile Communication Division

RNE_Fund_17_05E04.ppt /Edition 04/Page 7

Assignment Complete: to initiate release of SDCCH

FACCH FACCH TCH

CONNECT CONNECT ACKNOWLEDGE

Signalling Procedures Mobile terminated call (1)

Paging command Paging of subscriber Access to BSS Call establishment

Mobile Communication Division

Signalling Procedures Mobile terminated call (2)

t Follows the same basic procedures as MS originated call t Differences are:

ring tone user answers

Mobile Communication Division

Location Update (1)

New location area and new MSC area

Old location area

RNE_Fund_17_05E04.ppt /Edition 04/Page 11

Location update (2)

t Air interface messages

Mobile Communication Division

Synchronous and Asynchronous HO

Mobile Communication Division

RNE_Fund_17_05E04.ppt /Edition 04/Page 13

Synchronous internal TCH HO

Target BTS activates TCH

recalculation SABM establ. indication of TA

Mobile Communication Division

Mobile Communication Division

RNE_Fund_17_05E04.ppt /Edition 04/Page 15

Radio Link Control Power Control Handover

Mobile Communication Division

RNE_Fund_17_05E04.ppt /Edition 04/Page 16

Radio Link Control Process

Mobile Communication Division

RNE_Fund_17_05E04.ppt /Edition 04/Page 17

Cell Selection / Reselection

Location Area A BSC 1