Exercise Chapter 1-General Introduction to Spectroscopy 1. What is stated in Beer-Lamberts law? Explain the equation. 2.

In a particular UV-Vis experiment, 1.22 mW of incident 520 nm light is directed through a 1.00 cm sample cuvette and 0.34 mW of light exits the sample. What is the absorbance of the sample? 3. Express the following absorbance in terms of percent transmittance: (a) 0.0510 (b) 0.918 (c) 0.379 4. Convert the accompanying transmittance data to absorbance: (a) 3.58% (b) 0.085 (c) 53.8% 5. A solution containing 4.48 ppm KMnO4 has a transmittance of 0.309 in a 1.00 cm cell at 520 nm. Calculate the molar absorptivity of KMnO4 at this wavelength.

Exercise Chap. 2: Infrared Spectroscopy 1. Transform = 15 m into units of cm-1. 2. What is the energy possessed by a radiation of wavenumber 1000 cm -1? 3. Draw and name two types of stretching vibrations in IR spectroscopy. 4. Draw and name four types of bending vibrations in IR spectroscopy. 5. What are the bands that usually make IR spectrum looks complicated? 6. Name all important items that required for making KBr pellet. 7. How many normal modes are expected in an IR spectrum of the non-linear molecule CH3CO2H? 8. Indicate whether the following vibrations will be active or inactive in the infrared spectrum. Explain your answer. Molecule (i) CH3-CH3 (ii) SO2 (iii) CH3-CBr3 Motion C-C stretching Symmetric stretching C-C stretching

Exercise Chap. 3 UV-VIS 1. Which one of the following is not used as an UV-Vis source? A. quartz tungsten halogen (QTH) lamp B. Hg/Xe lamp C. Xe lamp D. Heated SiC rod at 1500 C E. W lamp/D2 lamp

2. A polluted water sample contains approximately 0.1 ppm of chromium, (Atomic weight = 52 g mol-1). The determination for Cr(VI) based upon absorption by its diphenylcarbazide complex (max = 540 nm, max = 41,700 L mol-1 cm-1) was selected for measuring the presence of the metal. What optimum pathlength of cell would be required for a recorded absorbance of the order of 0.4?

3. Paints and varnishes for use on exteriors of buildings must be protected from the effects of solar radiation which accelerate their degradation (photolysis and photochemical reactions). Given that: molecular weight of UV addictive, M = 500 g mol-1; max = 15,000 L mol-1 cm-1 for max = 350 nm, what must be the concentration (expressed in g L1) of a UV additive M such that 90% of the radiation is absorbed by a coating of thickness 0.3 mm?

4. Calculate the energy of a mole of photons corresponding to a wavelength of 300 nm.

5. A simultaneous determination for cobalt and nickel can be based upon absorption by their respective 8-hydroxyquinolinol complexes. Molar absorptivities corresponding to their absorption maxima are as follows: Molar Absorptivity, 365 nm 700 nm Co 3529 428.9 Ni 3228 10.2

Calculate the molar concentration of nickel and cobalt in each of the following Co-Ni mixed solution based upon the accompanying data: Absorbance, A (1.00 cm cells) 365 nm 700 nm Co-Ni mixed solution 0.598 0.039 Hint. Applying Beer Lamberts law to mixture Atotal = A1 + A2 + ... + An = _1bc1 + _2bc2 + ... + Enbcn 6. When measured with a 1.00 cm cell, a 8.50 x 10-5 M solution of species A exhibited absorbances of 0.129 and 0.764 at 475 and 700 nm, respectively. A 4.65 x 10-5 M solution of species B gave absorbances of 0.567 and 0.083 under the same circumstances. Calculate the concentrations of A and B in solutions that yielded the following absorbance data in a 1.25cm cell: (a) 0.502 at 475 nm and 0.912 at 700 nm; (b) 0.675 at 475 nm and 0.696 at 700 nm.