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Assessment Point: KK-8 The following data are excerpts from multiple reports. While the same location in the Kinnickinnic watershed is represented, the assessment point IDs differ. Throughout the following data, Assessment Point KK-8 is also represented by: o Reach 818 o RI-818 o Wilson Park Creek
94
59
59
181
59
100
894
N at
io n
ve al A
B ur nha m S t
C ii t y o f C ty of W E S T A L L II S WEST ALL S
o el
60 t h St
ve tA
Linc oln A v e
Linc oln A v e
24
C le v e la nd A v e
KINNICKINNIC RIVER
C le v e la nd A v e
T
Ok la hom a A v e
Fo r t es
om
ve
Ok la hom a A v e
60 t h St
C le m en t Av e
13 t h St
45
Fo
re
st
om
ve
794
38
62
32
Mo rg an A v e
Mo rg an A v e
U
894 45
CHEROKEE PARK CREEK
241
C ii t y o f C ty of S T .. F R A N C II S ST FRANC S
36
B oliv ar A ve
43
94
38
100
C ii t y o f C ty of G R E E N F II E L D GREENF ELD
43
894
La y ton A v e La y ton A v e
Y
62
Edg e rt on A ve
H owe ll Av e
35 t h St
20 t h St
27 t h St
13 t h St
6t h S t
24
Pe nn sy lv a nn ia A v e
C ii t y o f C ty of CUDAHY CUDAHY
Gr a nge Av e
32
Gr a nge Av e
119
Village of GREENDALE
62
LEGEND
Water Waterbodies Watersheds Subwatersheds Civil Divisions
KK WATERSHED
0 1,150 2,300 Feet 4,600
o Nati
A na l
ve
Burnham St Burnham St
H st re Fo
om
e Av
l Be
o it
60th St
e Av
KINNICKINNIC RIVER
Cleveland Ave
Cleveland Ave
H st re Fo
om
e Av
Okla homa Ave
60th St
Morgan Ave
Morgan Ave
Bolivar Ave
Clement Ave
13th St
Edgerton Ave
LEGEND
Water Waterbodies Watersheds Subwatersheds Routing Reach Tributary Area Combined Sewer Service Area Civil Divisions
Howell Ave
20th St
35th St
27th St
13th St
6th St
Aerial Map
0 1,100 2,200 Feet 4,400
94
59
59
181
59
100
894
o Na ti
nal
Av e
Burnham St
20th St
C ii tt y o ff C y o W E S T A L L II S WEST ALL S
lo Be
it
e Av
35th St
27th St
Lincoln Ave
Lincoln Ave
60th St
43rd St
24
Cleveland Ave
Cleveland Ave
T
Oklahoma Ave
s re Fo
om tH
eA
ve
KK-3
35th St 27th St
KK-9
Oklahoma Ave
13th St
45
KK-2
Fo
m Ho st re
eA
ve
794
38
KK-10
Clement Ave Chase Ave 6th St
20th St
60th St
43rd St
13th St
62 32
Morgan Ave
KINNICKINNIC RIVER
Morgan Ave
KK-1
U
894 45
241
Howard Ave
C ii tt y o ff C y o S T .. F R A N C II S ST FRANC S
KK-7 36
KK-8
Bolivar Ave
43
94
38
Layton Ave
20th St
35th St
27th St
13th St
6th St
43
24
Pennsylvannia Ave
Howell Ave
100
C ii tt y o ff C y o G R E E N F II E L D GREENF ELD
43
894
KK-6 Y
Layton Ave
Y
62
KK-5
Grange Ave
KK-4
Grange Ave
C ii tt y o ff C y o CUDAHY CUDAHY
32
119
Village of GREENDALE
62
ZZ
ZZ
32
LEGEND
Water
Assessment Points Routing Reach Tributary Area Watershed Waterbodies Civil Division
r Fo
Ho st e
e Av
KK-8
20th St 35th St 27th St
20th St
LEGEND
CSO SSO
Assessment Points
35th St
27th St
13th St
6th St
Clement Ave
43rd St
Cha se Ave
13th St
6th St
r Fo
Ho st e
e Av
KK-8
20th St 35th St 27th St
20th St
LEGEND
Assessment Points Water Waterbodies Watersheds Routing Reach Tributary Area
Land Use
35th St
Agriculture
Outdoor Recreation, Wetland, and Woodland, Open Lands Transportation, Communication, and Utilities Manufacturing and Industrial Surface Water Civil Divisions
27th St
13th St
6th St
Clement Ave
43rd St
Cha se Ave
13th St
6th St
Kinnickinnic River Standards/Targets Constituent Measure Geometric Mean Standard Fecal Coliform Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Total Suspended Solids (TSS) Total Phosphorus (TP) Not to Exceed Standard Minimum Concentration Standard USGS Median TSS Reference Concentration (estimated background concentration) Planning Guideline Richards Baker Flashiness Index (quantifies the frequency and rapidity of short-term changes in stream flow; the index ranges from 0 - 2, with 0 being constant flow) Standard/Target 200 counts/100 ml 400 counts/100 ml 5 mg/l 17.2 mg/l 0.1 mg/l
Flashiness
indicator only
Kinnickinnic River Watershed Restoration Plan Fact Sheet KK-8, Reach 818, Wilson Park Creek
Data resulting from model runs:
Figure Flashiness index Dissolved oxygen v. days per year Fecal coliform v. days per year
Overall Project Analysis Team Assessment Good to Moderate The Flashiness Index quantifies the frequency and rapidity of short-term changes in stream flow. The index ranges from 0 Very Good Variable (some good, some bad)
to 2, with 0 being constant flow. The flashiness is slightly high at this location. Typically, aquatic communities need 5 mg/l or more of dissolved oxygen to survive. Concentrations at this site consistently exceed this level. For recreational uses, lower fecal coliform counts (a measure of bacteria) are better (preferably under 400 counts / 100ml). The counts on majority of the days are either below 400 or above 5,000. A potential goal in this case may be to determine the conditions that create the above 5,000 days and discourage recreational use on days that meet these conditions. Another goal could be to find ways to decrease fecal coliform loads in order to increase the number of days that are below 400. Phosphorus is a nutrient that can lead to increased growth of algae. The concentrations on many days are at or below the 0.1 mg/l recommendation. The concentrations exceed 0.5 mg/l on some days. Suspended solids cause water to become cloudy. This can clog the gills of fish and invertebrates, make feeding difficult, and lead to sediment deposition (poor habitat). The concentrations on most of the days fall below 25 mg/l. Notice the decline in dissolved oxygen concentrations during the summer. This is normal due to the decreased solubility of oxygen in warmer water. While the ranges of values are fairly consistent throughout the year, note that the median concentrations decline during the summer swimming season. This may be related to the die-off of bacteria due to solar radiation. Also note that the summer accounts for many of the below 400 days mentioned above while the winter and early spring have many of the above 5,000 days. Phosphorus concentrations are more consistent and generally lower during the late spring, summer, and early fall. This may be related in part to uptake by plants during the growing season and the release of phosphorus from sediments and decomposing organic matter. In addition, a large phosphorus load reaches the stream during the winter, perhaps related to upstream de-icing activities at the airport. De-icing chemicals may contain phosphorus compounds that serve as corrosion inhibitors. Suspended solids concentrations decline during the winter months. This is probably linked to a number of factors including frozen conditions, decreased construction activities, and low-impact storms (snow doesnt pound the soil like rain).
Phosphorus v. days per year Suspended solids v. days per year Monthly dissolved oxygen Monthly fecal coliform Monthly phosphorus
Moderate to Poor
Good
Overall Project Analysis Team Assessment During low flows, the median concentration is lower relative to moist conditions. This is likely due to a combination of Good Poor
water agitation which allows greater diffusion of oxygen into the water (or lack thereof at low flows) and temperatures (low flow conditions are often associated with summer which has higher temperatures and lower oxygen solubility). Generally, a pollutant that is present at high concentrations during high flows and low concentrations during low flows (fecal coliform, in this case) is attributed primarily to non-point sources. The infrequent sewer overflows (once every 2-5 years) would only contribute during the high flows when substantial non-point loads are already present. Note that during any period with the highest flows, fecal coliform counts exceed the regulatory standard; during moist conditions, fecal coliform counts exceed the standard 75% of the time. During low flows, the standard is met over 75% of the time. During these low flows would be the safest time for recreational uses (boating, wading, swimming). Concentrations are greatest at high flows, with concentrations exceeding the 0.1 mg/l planning guideline nearly 75% of the time at the highest flows. This suggests that phosphorus inputs are primarily from non-point sources. Suspended solids concentrations increase with increased flows. This suggests a prevalence of non-point sources. The concentrations exceed the reference condition predominantly during the high flow condition. These conditions most often occur following large storms or major snow-melt events. The suspended solids may come from runoff that carries a sediment load, from stream bank erosion, or re-suspended stream sediments. Note that this site is located downstream of some concrete-lined reaches within the watershed. As a result, upstream activities such as stream bank erosion and resuspension of stream sediments likely make less of a contribution to suspended sediment loads at this site compared to sites that are situated downstream of natural reaches that experience these activities.
Moderate Good
Flashiness index
Reach 818 Location Wilson Park Creek (USGS Gauge) Richards Baker Flashiness Index 0.81
200
150
100
50
0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Assessment Point
KK-8 Wilson Park Creek, USGS Gauge
Statistic
Condition Existing
5,124 56 697 35 2,552 73 357 26 10.9 11.2 100 0.116 0.055 77 0.96 0.7 14.1 4.8 0.0044 0.0018
Mean (cells per 100 ml) Percent compliance with single sample standard (<400 cells per 100 ml) Geometric mean (cells per 100 ml) Days of compliance with geometric mean standard (<200 cells per 100 ml)
Mean (cells per 100 ml) Percent compliance with single sample standard (<400 cells per 100 ml) Geometric mean (cells per 100 ml) Days of compliance with geometric mean standard (<200 cells per 100 ml)
Dissolved Oxygen
Mean (mg/l) Median (mg/l) Percent compliance with dissolved oxygen standard (>5 mg/l)
Total Phosphorus
Mean (mg/l) Median (mg/l) Percent compliance with recommended phosphorus standard (0.1 mg/l)
Total Nitrogen
Copper
360
320
280
240
200
160
120
80
40
0 0-1 1-2 2-3 3-4 4-5 5-6 6-7 7-8 8-9 9-10 >10
Average DO (mg/L)
360
320
280
240
200
160
120
80
40
360
320
280
240
200
160
120
80
40
0 0-0.05 0.05-0.1 0.1-0.15 0.15-0.2 0.2-0.25 0.25-0.3 0.3-0.35 0.35-0.4 0.4-0.45 0.45-0.5 >0.5
AverageTP (mg/L)
360
320
280
240
200
160
120
80
40
10
1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Flow Duration Interval (%)
1.E+04
C onc e ntra tion (c fu/1 0 0 m L)
1.E+03
1.E+02
1.E+01
1.E+00
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Flow Duration Interval (%)
0.10
0.01
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Flow Duration Interval (%)
100
10
1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Flow Duration Interval (%)