GENERIC NAME Carbocisteine

BRAND NAME Loviscol Classification: CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS- ANTIARRYTHMICS

DOSAGE
Capsule: Adult: 250mg 2 caps, 500mg 1 cap TID Suspension: Adult 15ml; Pedia: 612yrs: 5ml, 2-5 yrs: 1.25-2.5 ml Syr: 6-12yrs: 10ml 2-5 yrs: 2.5ml Drops: 12-24mos: 1.25ml, 911mos: 1ml, 6-8mos: 0.75ml, 3-5mos: .50ml, <3mos: 0.25ml All doses 3-4x/ day DOSAGE Adult: 250-500mg every 8 hours Children: 2040mg/kg/day divided dosage given every 8 hrs

INDICATION
Acute/chronic disorders of the upper & lower respiratory tract associated with the secretion & formation of excessive and viscid mucus

ACTION
Reduces the viscosity of bronchial secretions & facilitate expectoration

CONTRAINDICATION Active peptic ulcer. Hypersensitivity to carbocisteine

PRECAUTION/ ADVERSE REACTION

PRECAUTION: Hx of peptic ulcer, hypothyroidism ADVERSE RXN Nausea, headache, vomiting, anorexia, gastric discomfort, diarrhea, GI bleeding

NURSING CONSIDERATION
>assess cough: type, frequency, character > advice medical consultation for persistent cough of more than 7 days >advice pt. to avoid smoking >suggest sugarless lozenges to decrease throat irritation and cough

Amoxicillin
BRAND NAME Amoxil

Classification: CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS-Calcium Antagonist

Infections of the resp. tract, skin & skin structures,para nasal sinuses, genitourinary tract, otitis media, sinusitis, meningitis,septi cemia

Prevents bacterial cell wall synthesis during replication.

Hypersensitivity to penicillins, cephalosporins. Not used to treat pneumonia, bacteremia pericarditis during acute stage.

PRECAUTION: Hypersensitivity: rxn range from mild to life threatening

ADVERSE RXN: Dizziness, fatigue, insomnia, skin rashes, itchy eyes, sore or dry mouth, abnormal taste sensation, diarrhea, rectal bleeding

>obtain pts hx of allergy >Assess pt for any s/s of infection >Assess for pts sensitivity to penicillin ot other cepalosporins >assess for allergic rxn during therapy >Assess for bowel pattern, if diarrhea- should be discontinue

Salbutamol
BRAND NAME Ventolin vilmax DOSAGE Adult: 8mg tablet BID Pedia: 3-12 yrs 4mg tab BID

Classification: CARDIAC DRUGSCentrally-acting Drugs

Reversible airway obstruction including bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis

Facilitates/ potentiates the inhibitory activity of GABA at the limbic system and reticular formation to reduce anxiety, promote calmness and sleep

Hypersensitivity

PRECAUTION: Hyperthyroidism,DM, cardiovascular disease ADVERSE RXN Fine tremor of skeletal muscle, feeling of tension, a compensory small increase in heart rate, headache, muscle cramps

> drug may be decrese sensitivity of spirometry used for diagnosis of asthma >syrup may be taken as young as age 2 >monitor for evidence of allergic rxn

Mefenamic acid
BRAND NAME Dolfenal

DOSAGE Adult: start with 75150mcg BID Severe HPN 300mg BID

Classification: ANTI-INFECTIVES

Relief of pain including muscular, rheumatic, traumatic, dental, post-op and postpartum pain, headache, migraine, fever, dysmenorrhea

Aspirin-like drug that has analgesic,antipy retic, & antiinflammatory activities

Pregnancy & lactation, hypersensitivity, active ulceration or chronic inflammation of either upper or lower GIT, blood disorders, poor platelet function, kidney or liver impairment, children < 14 yrs

PRECAUTION: If rash occurs, administration should be stopped, asthmatics, Hx of liver and kidney disease ADVERSE RXN GI discomfort, diarrhea or constipation, gas pain, nausea, vomiting, drowsiness

> assess pt.s pain before therapy >monitor for possible drug induced adverse reactions >advice pt. not to take drug for more than 7 days >advice pt. to report immediately persistence or failure to relieve pain

metropolol
BRAND NAME Neobloc

DOSAGE Adult : 50mg BID or 100 mg OD

Hypertension, chronic angina pectoris

Exerts mainly beta-1 adrenergic blocking activity but also blocks beta-2 receptors at high doses

AV blocks, cardiogenic shock, sinus bradycardia

Classification: CNS DRUGS- HYPNOTICS/ SEDATIVES

PRECAUTION: Slowing of heart rate, occasionally severe bradycardia may lead to vertigo ADVERSE RXN Occasionally fatigue, dizziness, headache, GI disturbance, skin rashes nausea

>tablet may be crashed or swallowed whole > instruct pt to take with meals >inform the pt that drug only controls but does not cure the disorder >tell the pt. not to discontinue drug abruptly can worsen angina

Nifedipine
BRAND NAME Adalat

DOSAGE Adults: Initial: 10-30mg PO TID Maximum: 120-180mg Hypertension: 30-60mg PO

Vasospastic angina, classic chronic stable angina pectoris Hypertension

Classification: Antianginals

Thought to inhibit calcium ion influx across cardiac and smooth muscle cells, decreasing contractility and oxygen demand. Also may dilate coronary arteries and arteriole

Contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to drug Use cautiously in patients with heart failure or hypotension and in elderly patients. Use extended-release tablets cautiously in patients with severe GI narrowing

Dizziness, lightheadedness, headache, weakness, peripheral edema, flushing, nausea, Syncope, nervousness, hypotension, palpitations, nasal congestion, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal discomfort, muscle cramps, dyspnea, pulmonary edema, cough, rash, puritus

Dont give immediaterelease form within 1 week of acute MI or in acute coronary syndrome Alert: despite the previously widespread SL use nifedipine capsule, avoid this route of administration. Excessive hypotension, MI, and death may result Monitor blood pressure regularly, especially in patients who take beta blockers or antihypertensive Watch for symptoms of heart failure

Rifampicin BRAND NAME Rifadin, Rimactane

Capsules150,300mg; powder600mg

Treatment of Pulmonary TB in conjunction with at least one other effective antituberculotic Neisseria meningitidis carriers, for asymptomatic carriers to eliminate meningococci from nasopharynx; not for treatment of meningitis.

Inhibits DNAdependent RNA polymerase activity in susceptible bacterial cells.

Contraindicated with allergy to any rifamycin, acute hepatic disease, lactation. Use cautiously with pregnancy (teratogenic effects have been reported in preclinical studies; safest antituberculous regimen for use in pregnancy is condidered to be rifampin, isoniazid, and ethambutol).

CNS: headache, drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness, inability to concentrate, mental confusion, generalized numbness, muscle weakness, visual disturbances. Dermatologic: Rash, pruritus, urticaria, flushing, reddish discoloration of body fluidstears, saliva, urine, sweat, sputum. GI: heartburn, distress, anorexia, vomiting gas, cramps, diaarhea, hepatitis, pancreatitis. GU: hemoglobinuria, hematuria, renal insufficiency, acute renal failure, menstrual disturbances. Hematologic: eosinophilia, thrombocytopenia, transient leucopenia, hemolytic anemia, decreased Hgb, hemolysis. Other: pain in extremities, osteomalacia, myopathy, fever, flulike symptoms.

Administer on an empty stomach, 1 hr before or 2 hr after meals. Administer in a single daily dose. Consult pharmacist for rifamoin suspension for patients unable to swallow capsules. Prepare patient for the reddish-orange coloring of body fluids (urine, sweat, sputum, tears, feces, saliva); soft contact lenses may be permanently stained; advise patients not to wear them during therapy. Warning: arrange for follow-up visits for liver and renal function tests, CBC, and ophthalmic examinations.

Isoniazid BRAND NAME Isotamine, Nydrazid

Injection : 100 mg/ml Oral Solution: 50mg/ 5ml Tablets : 100mg, 300mg

-Actively growing tubercle bacilli. -To prevent tubercle bacilli in those exposed to TB or those with positive skin test results whose chest Xrays and bacteriologic study results indicate nonprogressive TB.

May inhibit cell-wall biosynthesis by interfering with lipid and DNA synthesis; bactericidal.

Contraindicated in patients with acute hepatic disease or isonizid-related liver damage.

CNS: peripheral neuropathy, seizures, toxicencephalopathy, memoryimpairment, toxic psychosis. EENT: optic neuritis andatrophy. GI: nausea, vomiting,epigastric distress. Hematologic: agranulocytosis, hemolyticanemia, aplastic anemia, eosinophilia, thrombocytopenia, sideroblastic anemia. Hepatic: hepatitis, jaundice, bilirubinemia. Metabolic: hyperglycemia, metabolic acidosis, hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia. Skin: irritation at I.M.injection site. Other:rheumatic and lupuslike syndromes, hypersensitivity reactions, pyridoxine deficiency, gynecomastia.

Always give drugs with other antituberculotics to prevent development of resistant organisms. Give pyridoxine to prevent peripheral neuropathy, especially in malnourished patients.

Ancheta, Pauline Martha D. BSN 202