Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
80%
20%
Diorite intrusion: if X magmatic fluid advected, intrusion heat convects ~19X meteoric water
propylitic
F - feldspar stable (potassic) H - hydrolytic (attack by H+) (phyllic and advanced argillic) E - caused by external fluids (propylitic and sodic-calcic)
Sodic-calcic (propylitic)
Potassic or phyllic
MacArthur porphyry Cu
Time >
4 ~3 km
Temperature
Seedorff et al., 2005
High Low
potassic
80%
20%
Cathodoluminscence
Far Southeast porphyry, Philippines: Cu equiv. grade and quartz vein density
Andalusite Al2SiO5
(Na,Ca)1/3(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2!nH2O
150
pyrophyllite muscovite
El Salvador, Chile: Watanabe and Hedenquist, 2001, after Hemley et al., 1969
pyrophyllite
b Peb
le di
(andal)
dickite
Muscovite overprint
Deep biotite
retrograde pyroph
2M1 musc
Damiana exotic
Erosion at El Salvador
H E
1998 resource: 455 Mt at 1.2% Cu, 0.02% Mo; 1250-1550 m below surface, 1050 x 365 x 305 m
http://riotinto.msgfocus.com/q/1cRLO25OxfDl/wv
Chuquicamata, Chile
Sericite halos to pyqtz veins; ccp, bn, cv, cc, en, tn, spl
3 km
Zn Cu
serkaol pyroph kaol-dick serkaol
1 km
Seedorff et al., 2008
m Rusk et al. (2008)
Main Stage
QSP
3 km
potassic centers
bnss + cp,
dominant
cp + py
ore
assemblage
Early to intermediate (potassic to phyllic), high to low T, progressively higher sulfd state in porphyry; -metals introduced early or intermediate alunite host phyllic potassic
illite
Sillitoe, 1994
Sillitoe, 1990
epithermal
?
Au
1 km
Maricunga: Pancho
Muntean and Einaudi, 2000
Early Mineralization
Late Mineralization
Sector Collapse? Ore-B earing Q uartz -Alunite Le dg es
Early Barr en Quartz-Alunite Ledges Magmatic Vapor Met eoric Water Banded Quartz Veinlets ?
Magmatic Brin e
2
D V eins
F aulting
?
Supercritical Magmatic Flui d
Magma
Varying depths and intervals between base of lithocap and top of porphyry Only some (few) lithocaps are mineralized
Petelovo
M. Herve, 2010
Pampa Escondida
M. Herve, 2010
Pampa Escondida
37.5 Ma
37.7 Ma
36.1 Ma
Porphyry systems
500 m
Sillitoe, 2010
Economic Geology
Sillitoe, 2010
Economic Geology