Arithmetic: Arithmetic is said to be the oldest form of mathematics.

Almost everyone uses this for several tasks like simple counting to scientific researches. Business calculations are nothing but complex arithmetical logics. Commonly it is used on the base of some general operations like addition, multiplication, subtraction and division. Number system and theory is none other than complex theory of basic elementary arithmetic. The concept of arithmetic is first shown in the Central Africa between 20,000-18,000 BC, but it was disputed. Babylonians and Egyptians used all elementary operations of arithmetic nearly in 2000 BC as per records. Decimal number system was not there in the previous years. It has been invented after many days of development work of human race. The concept of integer was not there too. The Hindu-Arabic number concept and notation concept of place-value helped to develop the concept of decimal points and a digit which represents ZERO. So the system developed even more and gradually decimal number system became the main part of arithmetic. ZERO concept is firstly described by Brahmagupta in the 7th century in India. Basic arithmetics first operation is addition. It means combining two or more numbers to turn them into one single number. The order of the numbers is not a problem of getting the result as addition is associative and commutative. If we add 0 to a number, the number remains the same. The sign of addition is + (E.g. 7+5=12). Subtraction is additions opposite. It helps to find the difference between different numbers. The sign of subtraction is - (E.g. 7-5=2). Subtraction is neither associative nor commutative. So the order matters. So it is better to keep it in mind while working. Various methods are used for subtraction by different cases. Multiplication is arithmetics second basic elementary operation. It also combines multiple numbers said as the multiplier and the multiplicand, into one single number which is known as the product. In arithmetic, multiplication is used as a short cut method of adding the same number multiple times. So, multiplication is associative and commutative. 0 cannot be multiplied by any number as it doesnt have any integer value. The sign of multiplication is or *. Division is the opposite form of multiplication. Its the process to find dividend and divisors quotient. The rule of division is applied for both positive and negative numbers in the same way. Division process is neither associative nor commutative. It is easier to understand division as the multiplication of one number with another numbers reciprocal. The sign of division is noted as or / in arithmetic. Number-theory is the difficult usage of arithmetic. Arithmetic skills development as education in primary schools helps to understand the different usage of integers, decimals, fractions etc which is very often used in our day to day life.