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Mathematics Department Institut Perguruan Sultan Mizan Besut, Terengganu.

MODULE 1

Aims and Objectives of the Integrated Mathematics Curriculum for Primary and Secondary Schools (KBSR and KBSM)

Introduction Welcome to Topic 1. This topic tells you about the aims and objectives of the Malaysian Mathematics Curricula as specified in the current Integrated Mathematics Curricula for our Malaysian Primary and Secondary Schools (KBSR and KBSM) knowledge you must know in order to be a good mathematics teacher! It also seeks to increase your knowledge and awareness on the important changes in the KBSR and KBSM Mathematics Curriculum. The new curriculum that evolved at the primary level was known as the New Curriculum for Primary Schools or the Kurikulum Baru Sekolah Rendah (KBSR). This was later renamed as the Integrated Curriculum for Primary Schools, that is, the Kurikulum Bersepadu Sekolah Rendah (KBSR) . At the secondary school level, the current curriculum is called the Integrated Curriculum for Secondary Schools or the Kurikulum Bersepadu Sekolah Menengah (KBSM ). Learning Outcomes: By the end of this topic, you will be able to: 1. state the aims of the Integrated Primary and Secondary School Mathematics Curriculum (KBSR and KBSM), 2. state the objectives of the Integrated Primary and Secondary School Mathematics Curriculum, 3. update your knowledge regarding the latest changes in the Primary Mathematics syllabus; and 4. describe the latest changes in the Malaysian Primary School Mathematics Syllabus.

2.1

Introduction to the Integrated Mathematics Curriculum for Primary Schools (KBSR) and Secondary Schools (KBSM)
Do you know how and when the Integrated Mathematics Curricula for Primary and Secondary schools were introduced? Jot down your opinion.

Finished? Good. Compare your points with Attachment 1.

Module 1 - Integrated Mathematics Curriculum KPLI Mathematics ( Minor )

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Mathematics Department Institut Perguruan Sultan Mizan Besut, Terengganu.

Reading Assignment 1 Read Attachment 1. Make short notes based on what you have read.

Attachment 1

The New Primary School Curriculum [(Kurikulum Baru Sekolah Rendah (KBSR)] was first implemented in 1982 as a pilot project. It was fully implemented in all schools at all levels by 1988. In 1994, the curriculum was revised and renamed the Primary School Integrated Curriculum for Mathematics (Kurikulum Bersepadu Sekolah Rendah) where moral values were emphasized and taught across the curriculum. In the year 2000, steps were taken to review the curriculum in line with the information age. Changes were made to the topics where deemed necessary. This reviewed syllabus has yet to be implemented fully in the primary schools. The syllabus is still being fine-tuned to cater to expected problems arising from the change in the medium of instruction from Bahasa Melayu to English in Year 1 in all schools, beginning 2003. The Secondary School Integrated Curriculum was first implemented in Form 1 in 1989 and in Form 5 in 1993 to ensure continuity of the contents taught in the primary school syllabus. In the year 2000, the curriculum was revised and necessary changes were made. It was implemented in 2002 and recently, the syllabus was again reviewed in preparation for the expected problems accompanying the change in the medium of instruction from Bahasa Melayu to English in Form 1 in the year 2003.

By now, you should have a clearer idea about the Integrated Mathematics Curricula for primary (introduced in 1994) and secondary schools (introduced in 1989). These curricula were again revised in 2002. New emphasis is presently given to the Constructivist Approach, Contextual Learning, Mastery Learning, Thinking Skills, Multiple Intelligences Theory and the infusion of Moral Values. Read the following booklets to learn more about these topics.. Suggested Reading :

Read the following guideline booklets prepared by the Curriculum Development Centre (PPK) of Malaysia : Pembelajaran secara Konstruktivisme ( Julai 2001 ) Pembelajaran secara Kontekstual ( 2001 ) Pembelajaran Masteri ( Julai 2001 ) Pembelajaran Kemahiran Berfikir (Julai 2001) Teori Pelbagai Kecerdasan (Julai 2001)

Module 1 - Integrated Mathematics Curriculum KPLI Mathematics ( Minor )

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Mathematics Department Institut Perguruan Sultan Mizan Besut, Terengganu.

The National Education Philosophy and the KBSR philosophy form the guiding principles to arrive at the aims and objectives of KBSR Mathematics. Your understanding of the philosophy as well as the aims and objectives will enable you to focus on the vision and mission of education in our country. The role of you as a mathematics teacher is to realize the vision and mission of the country through education in mathematics. Read Attachment 2 to get a clearer picture regarding the philosophy of the primary school (KBSR) Curriculum.
Attachment 2 The philosophy of KBSR Curriculum The nature of education at the primary school level is basic and foundational. The curriculum is planned to give each pupil equal opportunity to acquire knowledge and skills as well as appreciating the required values. The Integrated Curriculum (KBSR) aims to provide basic mathematics education to all pupils at Stage I and stresses on the use of mathematics in everyday situations at Stage II. In addition to that, thinking skills and learning skills are incorporated into the teaching and learning activities. The memorization of basic facts pertaining to the four operations, that is, addition, subtraction, multiplication and division is also emphasized. The teaching and learning process emphasizes the mastery of mathematical concepts, procedures and language. The teaching and learning of mathematics have to be fun and challenging for all pupils. For this purpose, the usage of various meaningful teaching and learning techniques and phased exercises should be in line with the pupils interest, experience and ability. Attention is also given to the different learning abilities and styles of the pupils. Source: Primary Mathematics Syllabus (1994) By PPK, DBP

After reading about the philosophy of the KBSR Mathematics Curriculum and the new emphases in the Integrated Primary Mathematics Curriculum, you need to understand more about the aims and objectives of this curriculum. The following section discusses the aims and objectives of the KBSR curriculum. 2.1 Aims and Objectives of the Integrated Mathematics Curriculum for Primary Schools [(Kurikulum Baru / Bersepadu Sekolah Rendah ( KBSR)]

What are the aims and objectives of the primary school mathematics curriculum? Write down what you know.

Module 1 - Integrated Mathematics Curriculum KPLI Mathematics ( Minor )

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Mathematics Department Institut Perguruan Sultan Mizan Besut, Terengganu.

The aims and objectives stated below are taken from the latest version of the syllabus (2003), translated from Bahasa Melayu to English, prepared by the Curriculum Development Centre of Malaysia. (a) Aims of KBSR Mathematics

The Primary School Mathematics Curriculum aims to build pupils understanding of number concepts and their basic skills in computation that they can apply in their daily routines effectively and responsibly in keeping with the aspirations of a developed society and nation, and at the same time to use this knowledge to further their studies. (b) Objectives of KBSR Mathematics

The Primary School Mathematics Curriculum objectives will enable pupils to: 1. know and understand the concepts, definitions, rules and principles related to numbers operations space measures data representation ; 2. master the basic operations of mathematics, namely : addition subtraction multiplication division ; 3. master the skills of combined operations; 4. master basic mathematical skills, namely : making estimates and approximates, measuring, handling data, representing information in the form of graphs and charts; 5. use mathematical skills and knowledge to solve problems in everyday life effectively and responsibly; 6. use the language of mathematics correctly; 7. use suitable technology in concept building, acquiring mathematical skills and solving problems; 8. apply the knowledge of mathematics systematically, heuristically, accurately and carefully; 9. participate in activities related to mathematics; and 10. appreciate the importance and beauty of mathematics.

Module 1 - Integrated Mathematics Curriculum KPLI Mathematics ( Minor )

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Mathematics Department Institut Perguruan Sultan Mizan Besut, Terengganu.

In your opinion, how can you help your pupils to achieve the objective to appreciate the importance and beauty of mathematics.

2.2

Aims and Objectives of the Integrated Mathematics Curriculum for Secondary Schools [(Kurikulum Bersepadu Sekolah Menengah (KBSM)]

What are the aims and objectives of the secondary school mathematics curriculum? Write down what you know.

The aims and objectives stated below are taken from the latest version of the syllabus (2002), translated from Bahasa Melayu to English, by the Curriculum Development Centre of Malaysia.

(a)

Aims of KBSM Mathematics

The Secondary School Mathematics Curriculum aims to develop mathematical thinking and competent individuals who will be able to apply mathematical knowledge effectively and responsibly in problem solving and decision making, this will enable the individual to face the challenges that arise due to the advancement of science and technology.

Module 1 - Integrated Mathematics Curriculum KPLI Mathematics ( Minor )

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Mathematics Department Institut Perguruan Sultan Mizan Besut, Terengganu.

(b) Objectives of KBSM Mathematics The Secondary School Mathematics Curriculum will enable students to: 1. understand mathematical concepts, definitions, laws, principles and theorems related to Numbers, Shapes, Space and Relationships ; 2. widen applications of basic fundamental skills such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division related to Numbers, Shapes and Relationships ; 3. acquire basic mathematical skills such as: estimation and rounding measuring and constructing collecting and handling data representing and interpreting data recognizing and representing relationship mathematically; using algorithm and relationship problem solving, and decision making ;

4. communicate mathematically ; 5. apply knowledge and mathematical skills in problem solving and decision making ; 6. relate between topics in mathematics and between mathematics and disciplines; other

7. use suitable technologies in concept building, acquiring skills, problem solving and exploring the field of mathematics; 8. cultivate mathematical knowledge and skills effectively and responsibly ; 9. inculcate positive attitudes towards Mathematics; 10. appreciate the importance and the beauty of Mathematics.

By now, you should have a clearer picture about the aims and objectives of the KBSR and KBSM Mathematics Curriculum. You need to have a clear understanding of the KBSR and KBSM mathematics syllabus to enable you to teach effectively in school. The next section helps you to update your knowledge and enhance your understanding with respect to this. It is advisable that you have with you the Curriculum Specifications of the latest syllabus for KBSR as well as the 1983 and 1994 versions to proceed.

Module 1 - Integrated Mathematics Curriculum KPLI Mathematics ( Minor )

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Mathematics Department Institut Perguruan Sultan Mizan Besut, Terengganu.

2.3 Reviewing changes in the Primary Mathematics Curriculum Before you start, you need to put on your thinking hat.

Why do we need to learn about the changes in the primary mathematics curriculum? Jot down your views in the space provided.

It is important for you, as the teacher, to sequence teaching and learning activities properly to facilitate easy flow of lessons from one topic to another. Your pupils will be able to make connections from the previous knowledge to the one currently presented by you. The topics are usually arranged based on principles such as from the easy to the difficult, from the simple to the complex, from the known to the unknown and from the concrete to the abstract. All these considerations are vital to the development of all topics to facilitate your pupils understanding and learning. Your understanding of the development of these learning areas is crucial because it will facilitate your choice of strategies for the teaching and learning activities in your classroom later. You will also be able to point out the inter-relationship between these areas in the two curricula as well as the changes they had undergone and the rationale for the changes. Changes to the syllabi were done in accordance to the current needs of our education system, in line with the development in science and technology Since its inception in 1983, some changes have been made to the Mathematics Curriculum for primary schools in 1994. The syllabus again underwent revision in 2001. Browse through the latest KBSR syllabus. Note down the changes that have taken place in the Kurikulum Baru Sekolah Rendah syllabus from its inception in 1983 till the revised version in 1994.
Construct a table or concept map to illustrate the major changes in the major learning areas in the KBSR syllabus. Note: Major learning areas include Number, Geometry and Measurement.

By now you should be well-versed with the major changes in the KBSR syllabus. Congratulations! Show your findings to your tutor in your tutorial session.

Module 1 - Integrated Mathematics Curriculum KPLI Mathematics ( Minor )

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Mathematics Department Institut Perguruan Sultan Mizan Besut, Terengganu.

Summary: 1. The KBSR Education of the primary school level is basic and foundational with a curriculum that gives each pupil equal opportunity to acquire knowledge and skills as well as appreciate the moral values. At Stage I, basic mathematics education is provided to all pupils and at Stage II, the use of mathematics in everyday situations is emphasized. Thinking skills and learning skills are integrated in teaching and learning activities. Emphasis of KBSR Mathematics is also given to memorizing several facts of the four operations that is addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. The teaching and learning process emphasize that pupils master mathematical concepts, procedures and language. The teaching and learning of mathematics have to be fun and challenging for all pupils. The usage of various meaningful teaching and learning techniques and phased exercises should be suitable with the pupils interest, experience and ability. Attention is also given to the different learning abilities and styles of the pupils.

2.

3.

References

Curriculum Development Centre (2002). Integrated curriculum for secondary schools. curriculum specifications mathematics. Kuala Lumpur: Ministry Of Education, Malaysia. Curriculum Development Centre (2003). Integrated curriculum for primary schools. curriculum specifications mathematics. Kuala Lumpur: Ministry Of Education, Malaysia. Mok Soon Sang (2003). A mathematics course for diploma of education semester 1. 1st ed. Subang Jaya: Kumpulan Budiman Sdn. Bhd. Seow Siew Hua (1995). Pengajaran matematik KBSR. Shah Alam : Fajar Bakti.

Module 1 - Integrated Mathematics Curriculum KPLI Mathematics ( Minor )