Nexus 5000 & 2000 Series

Configuration & Troubleshooting

Lucien Avramov

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Cisco Support CommunityAsk the Expert

Todays featured expert is Lucien Avramov
Ask him questions now about Nexus 5000 & 2000 series switches

Lucien Avramov, CCIE

TAC Data Center Team, Cisco

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Nexus 5000 & 2000 Series

Configuration & Troubleshooting
Lucien Avramov

Cisco Support CommunityAsk the Expert

Todays featured expert is Lucien Avramov
Ask him questions now about Nexus 5000 & 2000 series switches

Lucien Avramov, CCIE

TAC Data Center Team, Cisco

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Submit Your Questions Now

Use the Submit Text box Below the speaker image. View Answers by Clicking on the Refresh Button.

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Agenda
Virtual Port-ChannelvPC
Nexus 5000: Configuration/Troubleshooting Nexus 2000: Configuration/Troubleshooting

Documentation

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vPC: Virtual Port-Channel

vPC Terminology on N5K-N2K

vPC Domain

vPC Peer: A vPC switch, one of a pair vPC Member Port: One of a set of ports (port channels) that form a vPC

vPC Peer Keepalive Link

vPC Peer Link

vPC: The combined port channel between the vPC peers and the downstream device vPC Peer Link: Link used to synchronize state between vPC peer devices, must be 10GbE; also carry multicast/broadcast/ flooding traffic and data traffic in case of vpc member port failure vPC Peer Keepalive Link: The peer keepalive link between vPC peer switches; it is used to carry heartbeat packets
vPC Member Port

vPC Peer

vPC

CFS: Cisco Fabric Services protocol, used for state synchronization and configuration validation between vPC peer devices

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Virtual Port-Channel
Feature Overview Allow a single device to use a port channel across two upstream switches

Eliminate STP blocked ports

Uses all available uplink bandwidth Dual-homed server operate in active-active mode Provide fast convergence upon link/device failure
Logical Topology without vPC

Logical Topology with vPC

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Nexus 5000/2000 Designs

Not Supported

Without vPC
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With vPC
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4.2 with 2200

17

Unicast Forwarding
First Packet from Host A to Host C
SW

N5k-1

5 3

Host C N5k-2

1. Host A send packet to Host C; Host A runs hash algorithm to select one path 2. FEX runs hash algorithm to select one fabric uplink 3. N5k-1 learns Host A and flood packets to VLAN members; one copy is sent to switch SW; one copy for Host B and one copy for peer link 4. N5k-2 floods the packet to VLAN EXCEPT the vPC member ports to prevent duplicated packets

4 2

5. N5k-1 updates Host A entry to N5k-2

Host A
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Host B
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Unicast Forwarding
Return Packet from Host C to Host A
SW

1
Host C

1. Host C reply packet to Host A;

N5k-2

N5k-1

SW runs algorithm and selects the path to N5k-2 1. N5k-2 searches MAC table for Host A, which points to its local FEX port that belongs to vPC bundle for Host A; N5k-2 sends packets to FEX 2. FEX forwards packet to Host A based on the internal header constructed by N5k-2

Host A
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Host B
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vPC Interaction with STP

STP is deployed to prevent vPC failure cases
N5k-1 vPC Primary N5k-2 vPC Secondary

Only vPC primary switch runs STP vPC secondary switch forward BPDU frames to primary vPC peer link is not blocked via STP vPC primary election based on priority

MAC_A
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MAC_B
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Configuration: vPC to the Server

Active/Active NIC Team
Management

N5K-1#feature vpc N5K-1#feature lacp N5K-1(config)#vpc domain 1 N5K-1(config-vpc-domain)#peer keep-alive dest y.y.y.y
vPC Peer Switch

vPC Domain 1
vPC Peer Switch Cisco Nexus 5000 Series 1
Eth1/1 Eth1/8

Peer Keepalive Link

Eth1/17 Eth1/18

Eth1/17 Eth1/18 Eth1/10 Eth1/9

Cisco Nexus 5000 Series 2

N5K-1(config)# eth 1/17-18 N5K-1(config-if-range)#channel-group 1 mode active N5K-1(config)#int po1 N5K-1(config-if)#vpc peer-link N5K-1(config-if)#switchport mode trunk N5K-1(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan 1,101 N5K-1(config)# int e1/7-8 N5K-1(config-if-range)#channel-group 100 N5K-1(config)#int po100 N5K-1(config-if)#switchport mode fex-fabric N5K-1(config-if)#fex associate 100 N5K-1(config)# int e100/1/1 N5K-1(config-if)#channel-group 10 N5K-1(config)#int po10 N5K-1(config-if)#vpc 10 N5K-1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 101

Po100

Po100

Eth100/1/1 vPC 10

Eth100/1/1

Note: Repeat configuration on N5K-2

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Configuration: vPC to the FEX

FEX Distributed Control Plane
Management

N5K-1#feature vpc N5K-1#feature lacp N5K-1(config)#vpc domain 1 N5K-1(config-vpc-domain)#peer keep-alive dest y.y.y.y source x.x.x.x vrf management
vPC Peer Switch

vPC Domain 1
vPC Peer Switch Cisco Nexus 5000 Series 1

Peer Keepalive Link

Eth1/17 Eth1/18

Eth1/17 Eth1/18

Cisco Nexus 5000 Series 2

N5K-1(config)# eth 1/17-18 N5K-1(config-if-range)#channel-group 1 mode active N5K-1(config)#int po1 N5K-1(config-if)#vpc peer-link N5K-1(config-if)#switchport mode trunk N5K-1(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan 1,101 N5K-1(config)# int e1/7-8 N5K-1(config-if-range)#channel-group 100 N5K-1(config)#int po100 N5K-1(config)#vpc 100 N5K-1(config-if)#switchport mode fex-fabric N5K-1(config-if)#fex associate 100

Eth100/1/1

Note: Repeat configuration on N5K-2

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Troubleshooting vPC
Verify vPC Peer Configuration
N5K# show vpc brief

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Troubleshooting vPC
Verify vPC Peer Configuration
N5K# show vpc peer-keepalive

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Troubleshooting vPC
Verify vPC Peer Configuration
N5K# show vpc role

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Troubleshooting vPC
Consistency
N5K# show vpc consistency-parameters global

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Troubleshooting vPC
Consistency

N5K# show vpc consistency-parameters interface port-channel FEX_PO#

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Nexus 5000: Configuration/Troubleshooting

Lucien Avramov

Connectivity
Management vrf Is the Preferred Method

Enable Telnet or Use SSH

1. Configure mgmt0: Default route for the mgmt vrf

N5K#feature telnet

N5K(config)# interface mgmt 0 N5K(config-if)#ip address

N5K(config)# vrf context management N5K(config-vrf)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 gw_ip

OR
2. Configure a vlan:

Default route for default vrf (use with caution)

N5K#feature interface-vlan N5K(config)#vlan x N5K(config)# interface vlan x N5K(config-if)#ip address N5K(config)# vrf context default N5K(config-vrf)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 gw_ip

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Image Installation/Upgrade
N5K# install all kickstart <path> system <path>

Two images: kickstart and system

Preferred upgrade method, compared to the manual copy of the images and update of the boot variables Updates the FEX Primary image, in addition to installing the switch images FEX is online while installation is in progress After installation FEX is rebooted along with the switch Service downtime: seven minutes; five minutes for 5k and two minutes for FEX Configuration check is performed during image install
N5K# show install all impact kickstart <path> system <path> N5K# show install all status
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Jumbo Frames
Six Times Bigger MTU Size Optimized for 10 GE Traffic

Max MTU is 9216 for jumbo

Enable jumbo on the servers and OS (ESX)
N5K(config)# policy-map type network-qos jumbo N5K(config-pmap-nq)# class type network-qos class-default N5K(config-pmap-c-nq)# mtu 9216 N5K(config-pmap-c-nq)# exit N5K(config)# system qos N5K(config-sys-qos)# service-policy type network-qos jumbo

The system jumbomtu command defines the maximum MTU size for the switch; however, jumbo MTU is only supported for system classes that have mtu configured
N5K(config)#system jumbo mtu <2240-9216>
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Password Recovery
Login console port
Power cycle the switch During booting press Ctrl-] to get to N5K(boot)#

4.0(0)N1(2a) or earlier, use the Ctrl-B (Ctrl+Shift+B)

Change admin password
N5K(boot)#conf t N5K(boot-config)#admin-password <new-password>

Load system image

N5K(boot)#dir bootflash: N5K(boot)#load bootflash:nx-os-system.bin
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Ethanalyzer
Packet Capture Utility Built in NX-OS for Packets to CPU

What interface type to monitor? Inbound/management

Display the output or save as file? Write Filter for a specific port and/or protocol?

Read an existing packet capture file: Read

Preview capture of the first 100 packets: Brief

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Ethanalyzer
Prior to 4.2 Default Is 100 Packets; After It Is 10

What interface type to monitor?

N5K# ethanalyzer local sniff-interface [mgmt inbound-hi inbound-low]

Save packet capture as a file?

N5K# ethanalyzer local sniff-interface mgmt write bootflash:file.pcap

Filter for a specific port and/or protocol

N5K# ethanalyzer local sniff-interface mgmt capture-filter udp port 161 N5K# ethanalyzer local sniff-interface mgmt capture-filter dest host x.x.x.x N5K#ethanalyzer local sniff-interface mgmt display-filter ip.address==x.x.x.y

Read an existing packet capture file

N5K# ethanalyzer local read bootflash:file.pcap

Preview capture of the first 100 packets

N5K# ethanalyzer local sniff-interface mgmt limit-captured-frames
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SPAN
Switched Port Analyzer or Port Mirroring/Port Monitoring

Create Span session

Configure destination port

N5K(config)#monitor session # N5K(config)#int e x/y N5K(config-if)#switchport monitor N5K(config)#monitor session # N5K(config-monitor)# dest int e x/y N5K(config)#int fc x/y N5K(config-if)#switchport mode SD N5K(config-if)#switchport speed 1000 N5K(config)#monitor session # N5K(config-monitor)# dest fc e x/y

Configure fc destination port

Configure source port

N5K(config-monitor)#source interface eth | fc x/y [ rx|tx|both] N5K(config-monitor)#source [interface port-channel san-port-channel] # rx | vlan | vsan

Activating suspending SPAN

N5K#show monitor N5K#show monitor session #
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N5K(config)# no monitor session # shut N5K(config)#monitor session # shut

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SFP Issues: Port Not Coming Up

SFP validation failed
Unsupported transceiver
N5K#show logging

%ETHPORT-3-IF_UNSUPPORTED_TRANSCEIVER: Transceiver for interface Ethernet1/7 is not supported

Ports 18 on 5010 and 116 on 5020 can be set to 1G Compatibility guide/matrix for supported SFP and wavelengths

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Temperature
Look in logs for symptoms; example:
%SATCTRL-2-SOHMS_ENV_ERR_TEMPMINALRM: FEX-102 System minor temperature alarm on module 1. Sensor Inlet-1 crossed minor threshold 40C
%SATCTRL-2-SOHMS_ENV_ERR_TEMPRECOVER: FEX-102 Recovered: System minor temperature alarm on module 1. Sensor Outlet-1 crossed minor threshold 50C

Check environment:
N5K# show environment N5K#show environment fex all

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Crash
Crash is usually recorded with a core file on the switch
show version output or show system reset-reason

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Crash
show core will display for a core file
N5K#show core

Check logging information/syslog server look at the timestamp and succession of events prior to reboot
N5K#show logging

Get the core file

N5K#copy core://<module-id>/<instance-num>/<process-id> ftp: vrf management

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Nexus 2000: Configuration/Troubleshooting

Fabric EXtender: Design Scenarios

Pinning single link/multiple uplinks
Pinning multiple uplinks with port-channel VPC

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Fabric EXtender: Configuration Steps

Define the number of uplink for FEX (valid range: 14)
N5K# configure terminal N5K(config)# fex 101 N5K(config-fex)# pinning max-links 4

Associate FEX to an Ethernet interface on N5K

N5K# configure terminal N5K(config)# interface ethernet 1/3 N5K(config-if)# switchport mode fex-fabric N5K(config-if)# fex associate 101

Verifying
N5K# show interface ethernet 1/3 fex-intf
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Fabric EXtender: Verifying Configuration

Connectivity to FEX

Fex status and configuration:

1.
N5K#show fex

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Fabric EXtender: Verifying Configuration

Connectivity to FEX
2.
N5K# show fex [#] detail

Fabric Ports

Pinned fabric port

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Fabric EXtender: Fabric Ports

How to find out which port on the N5K are connected to which FEX from a summary display
N5K# show interface fex-fabric

Serial Number

Switch port

Fex Id

Port Status

Uplink number

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FEX Troubleshooting
FEX Not Discovered
Power/Fans: Chassis lights
L1: Verify cable/links Check transceiver
N5K# show interface e1/3 transceiver fex-fabric

Version compatibility between FEX hardware and NX-OS

Connectivity/Single connection to 5k/different 5k

Contact TAC
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FEX Troubleshooting
FEX Not Coming Online4.2 Must Be Used for 2200s

Flash Failure
1. Both primary image and golden images are failing to boot 2. FEX will not come online; show interface fex-fabric will not show fabric ports as Active 3. Locator LED will flash when FEX fails to boot

Asic Failure
1. Upper asic goes bad; FEX will never come online 2. Lower redwood fails, FEX comes online
show diagnostics will show further details on the HW failure

3. Locator LED will flash when there is HW redwood fail: attach fex

Fex-101# show platform software redwood sts

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FEX Troubleshooting
Identity Mismatch
%FEX-2-FEX_PORT_STATUS_CRIT: Uplink-ID 1 of Fex 100 that is connected with Ethernet1/19 changed its status from Fabric Up to Identity-Mismatch

Misconfiguration between both Nexus 5000s

Not proper cabling between FEX and Nexus 5000s

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Performance Issues: 5000/2000

Slow traffic? Traffic loss? Application not performing as expected? Proper design?
Nexus 5000
Identify drops Expected / Logical drops
N5k# show platform fwm info pif ethernet 1/1 N5k# show hard internal gatos port e1/1 | include instance | mac N5k# show platform fwm info gatos-error #

Queue is full

N5k# show queuing interface e1/1

Nexus 2148 / FEX

N5K#attach fex 101 Fex-101# show platform software redwood sts Fex-101# show platform software redwood drops

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Documentation: Nexus 5000

www.cisco.com/go/nexus5000

Product Page
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps9670/tsd_products_support_series_home.html

Configuration Guides
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps9670/products_installation_and_configuration_guides_l ist.html

Release Notes
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps9670/prod_release_notes_list.html

Installation/Hardware Guides
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps9670/prod_installation_guides_list.html

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Documentation: Nexus 2000FEX

www.cisco.com/go/nexus2000

Product Page
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps10110/tsd_products_support_series_home.html

Release Notes
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps10110/prod_release_notes_list.html

Configuration Guide
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps10110/products_installation_and_configuration_guides _list.html

Hardware Guide
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps10110/prod_installation_guides_list.html

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Documentation
Password Recovery
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/switches/datacenter/sw/password_recovery/nx_os_pw.html

Ethanalyzer
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/switches/datacenter/nexus5000/sw/configuration/guide/cli_re l_4_0_1a/tsf.html#wp1219544

SPAN
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/switches/datacenter/nexus5000/sw/configuration/nxos/Cisco _Nexus_5000_Series_NXOS_Software_Configuration_Guide_chapter51.html#topic_64BF925367764DFC9D100CF26D 805D22 http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/switches/datacenter/nexus5000/sw/configuration/nxos/Cisco _Nexus_5000_Series_NX-OS_Software_Configuration_Guide_chapter51.html

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Documentation: vPC
vPC Configuration Guide
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/switches/datacenter/nexus5000/sw/layer2/421_n1_1/Cisco_n5k_layer2_ config_gd_rel_421_n1_1_chapter8.html

vPC Quick Start Guide (FEX)

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/prod/collateral/switches/ps9441/ps9670/configuration_guide_c07-543563.html

vPC White Paper

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/prod/collateral/switches/ps9441/ps9402/white_paper_c11-516396.html

vPC and VSS Interoperability White Paper

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/prod/collateral/switches/ps5718/ps708/white_paper_c11_589890.html

vPC Design Guidelines Paper

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps9670/products_implementation_design_guides_list.html

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Q&A

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