Applications of Remote Sensing:

In agriculture:
When farmers or ranchers observe their fields or pastures to assess their condition

without physically touching them, it is a form of remote sensing. Observing the colors of leaves or the overall appearances of plants can determine the plant's condition. Remotely sensed images taken from satellites and aircraft provide a means to assess field conditions without physically touching them from a point of view high above the field. Agricultural applications of remote sensing include the following: crop type classification crop condition assessment crop yield estimation mapping of soil characteristics mapping of soil management practices compliance monitoring (farming practices)

In geology: Remote sensing is used as a tool to extract information about the land surface structure, composition or subsurface, but is often combined with other data sources providing complementary measurements. Multispectral data can provide information on lithology or rock composition based on spectral reflectance. Radar provides an expression of surface topography and roughness, and thus is extremely valuable, especially when integrated with another data source to provide detailed relief. In foresty: 1) reconnaissance mapping: Objectives to be met by national forest/environment agencies include forest cover updating, depletion monitoring, and measuring biophysical properties of forest stands. 2) Commercial forestry: Of importance to commercial forestry companies and to resource management agencies are inventory and mapping applications: collecting harvest information, updating of inventory information for timber supply, broad forest type, vegetation density, and biomass measurements. 3) Environmental monitoring

Conservation authorities are concerned with monitoring the quantity, health, and diversity of the Earth's forests. In Hydrology Examples of hydrological applications include: wetlands mapping and monitoring, soil moisture estimation, snow pack monitoring / delineation of extent, measuring snow thickness, determining snow-water equivalent, river and lake ice monitoring, flood mapping and monitoring, glacier dynamics monitoring (surges, ablation) river /delta change detection drainage basin mapping and watershed modelling irrigation canal leakage detection irrigation scheduling

In civil Engineering:

In civil engineering projects, RS and GIS techniques can become potential and indispensable tools. Various civil engineering application areas include regional planning and site investigation, terrain mapping and analysis, water resources engineering, town planning and urban infrastructure development, transportation network analysis, landslide analysis, etc. In fisheries: With the worldwide decline of fish in the oceans, it is important to be able to remotely image and monitor fish populations, as well as accurately estimate their abundances. A better understanding of the behavior and dynamics of fish populations, Including their response to environmental and anthropogenic pressures, is essential for effective management of marine fisheries. Recently, an acoustic imaging technique was developed, called ocean acoustic wave-guide remote sensing(OAWRS), for instantaneously imaging and rapidly locating fish and other biomass in the ocean over wide areas spanning the continental shelf. This new technology will influence the way in which fish and other biological organisms in the ocean are surveyed and studied. It will provide a more global approach for studying fish and marine ecosystems, analogous to an optical or radar satellite system for sensing the Earth's surface.