STRUCTURE

2C

C
Contents
INTRODUCTION REGULATION 11 Structure THE STANDARDS C1 Application of Part C C2 Structure Stability C3 Disproportionate collapse C1.1-C1.3 C2.1 C3.1

PROVISIONS DEEMED TO SATISFY THE STANDARDS (C2.1) Loadings, construction, and small buildings (C3.1) Disproportionate collapse

ASTERISKS Throughout the Technical Standards an asterisk against a standard denotes that a provision deemed to satisfy the standard or some aspect of the standard is specified at the end of the relevant Part. ITALICS Throughout the Technical Standards a term in italics is a defined term. The definition is listed in Part A General.

3C

Amdt: December 1999

4C

Introduction
1. The intention of this Part is to ensure that the structure of a building is safe. The safety of a structure depends on several factors and the following criteria are relevant in all cases a. b. c. d. e. f. g. loading; properties of materials; structural analysis; details of construction; safety factors; workmanship; and the nature of the ground.

2. Where approaches to construction other than those given in the deemed-to-satisfy provisions are adopted then the criteria given above in paragraph 1 are particularly relevant, especially in relation to any numerical values of safety factors. A change in any one of these criteria may disturb the stability of the structure. 3. Loads used in calculations must allow for possible dynamic, concentrated and peak load effects that may occur. EUROPEAN PRE-STANDARDS (ENV) 4. The British Standards Institution has published, for trial use by designers, most of the ENV Structural Eurocodes prepared by the European Standards Organisation (CEN). Each of these pre-standards are prefaced with a National Application Document (NAD) which renders the standards suitable for use in the UK. The practical experience gained in these trials is providing valuable feed back to the CEN project teams responsible for the conversion of the ENV pre-standards into full EN standards. 5. When the ENV Eurocodes are eventually published as ENs they will be referenced in the deemed-to-satisfy provisions in Part C. In the mean time, the BSI pre-standards may be used as an alternative approach for satisfying the relevant standards in Part C. There will be a period of transition during which time Eurocodes and national standards will be allowed to co-exist. This period of co-existence has yet to be determined, but upon its expiry the corresponding national standards will be withdrawn by BSI.

5C

Amdt: December 1999

Regulation 11
STRUCTURE

11 (1) Every building shall be so designed and constructed that the combined loads to which the building may be subject are sustained and transmitted to the ground without impairing the stability of the building. (2) Subject to paragraph (3), every building of five or more storeys shall be so designed and constructed that in the event of damage occurring to any part of the structure of the building the extent of any resultant collapse will not be disproportionate to the cause of the damage. (3) In calculating the number of storeys for the purpose of paragraph (2), no account shall be taken of any storey within a roof space where the slope of the roof does not exceed 70 degrees to the horizontal.

Amdt: December 1999

6C

C1.1 C3.1

The standards
C1 Application of Part C
C1.1 This Part sets out the required standards for Regulation 11. C1.2 Standard C2.1 applies to all buildings. C1.3 Standard C3.1 applies to buildings of any purpose group, having five or more storeys, counting each basement storey as one storey but discounting a storey within a roof space where the slope of the roof is not more than 70 degrees to the horizontal.

C2 Structure
STABILITY C2.1* A building must be designed and constructed so that, taking into account the nature of the ground the combined dead loads, imposed loads, and wind loads are sustained, and transmitted to the ground, without impairing the safety of any part of the building or causing such movement of the ground as will impair the stability of any part of the building.

C3 Disproportionate collapse
DISPROPORTIONATE COLLAPSE C3.1* A building to which this standard applies must be designed and constructed so that in the event of damage occurring to any part of the building, the extent of any resulting collapse will not be disproportionate to the cause of the damage.

7C

Amdt: December 1999

8C

(C2.1)

Provisions deemed to satisfy the standards

STABILITY
(C2.1) a. loadings: The requirements of C2.1 as regards loading will be met where the loads to which the building will be subjected are calculated in accordance with i. ii. iii. for dead loads and imposed loads (excluding roof loads), BS6399: Part 1: 1996; for imposed roof loads, BS6399: Part 3: 1988; for wind loads A. B iv. v. b. construction: The requirements of C2.1 as regards design and construction will be met where the work is carried out in accordance with i. ii. iii. for foundations, BS 8004: 1986; for structural work of reinforced, prestressed or plain concrete, BS 8110: Part 1: 1997, BS8110: Part 2 and Part 3: 1985; for structural work of steel A. B. iv. v. BS449: Part 2: 1969, or BS 5950: Part 1: 1990, BS5950: Part 2: 1992, BS5950: Part 5: 1987, BS5950: Part 6: 1995, BS5950: Part 7: 1992, BS5950: Part 8: 1990; BS6399: Part 2: 1997, or CP 3: Chapter V :Part 2: 1972 (in no case shall S3 be taken as less than 1);

for loading of any building for agriculture, BS5502: Part 22: 1993; any greater load to which the building is likely to be subjected.

for structural work of composite steel and concrete construction, Section 3.1 of BS5950: Part 3:1990, and BS 5950: Part 4: 1994; for structural work of aluminium, BS8118: Parts 1 and 2: 1991; for the purpose of section 7.2 of Part 1 of that code, the structure must be classified as a safe-life structure; for structural work of masonry, BS5628: Part 1: 1992, BS 5628: Part 2: 1995, and BS5628: Part 3: 1985; for structural work of timber, BS5268: Part 2: 1996, BS5268: Part 3: 1998, and section 6:1 of BS5268: Part 6: 1996;

vi. vii.

viii. for structural design of low rise buildings, BS8103: Part 1: 1995, BS8103: Part 2: 1996, BS8103: Part 3: 1996, and BS8103: Part 4: 1995; or

9C

Amdt: December 1999

(C2.1 C3.1)
c. small buildings: Where a building is i. ii. of purpose group 1 and not more than 3 storeys; or an annex, of not more than 3 metres high, to a building of purpose group 1, including a garage or outbuilding; or a single storey, non- residential building of any other purpose group,

iii.

the requirements of C2.1 will be met by a structure constructed in accordance with the Small Buildings Guide (1994 Edition) published by The Stationery Office.

DISPROPORTIONATE COLLAPSE (C3.1) The requirements of C3.1 will be met where the structure of the building, having five or more storeys, is constructed, taking into account the recommendations on ties and on the effect of misuse or accident, in accordance with a. for structural work of reinforced, prestressed or plain concrete, BS8110: Part 1: 1997 and BS8110: Part 2: 1985; or for structural work of steel, BS5950: Part 1: 1990 (the accidental loading referred to in clause 2.4.5.5 shall be chosen having particular regard to the importance of the key elements and the consequences of failure, and the key element shall always be capable of withstanding a load of at least 34 kn/m2 applied from any direction); or for structural work of masonry, BS5628: Part 1: 1992, and BS5628 Part 2: 1995.

b.

c. Note:

When applying the recommendations given in the British Standards mentioned in C3.1 a, b, and c above the area of the structure at risk of collapse within the storey and within the immediate adjacent storeys must be restricted to the lesser of i. ii. 70 square metres of each of, the storey, the adjoining storey above and adjoining storey below, or 15% of the area of each of, the storey, the adjoining storey above and adjoining storey below.

Amdt: December 1999

10C