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Dr. Mahendra Subba Joint Secretary (Urban) Ministry of Physical Planning and Works Nepal
The views expressed in this paper are the views of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Asian Development Bank ADB), or its Board of Governors, or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. The countries listed in this paper do not imply any view on ADB's part as to sovereignty or independent status or necessarily conform to ADB's terminology.
Female
55-59
50-54 45-49
40-44
35-39 30-34 25-29 20-24 15-19 10-14 6-9
-100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0
20
40
60
80
Women are under-represented in the national stage to set out the course of development Class
Secretary Number
Male
79 (95%)
Female
4 (5%)
Joint Secretary
Under Secretary Section Officer
480 (98%)
2657 (97%) 8017 (92%)
9 (2%)
96 (3%) 655 (8%)
30
40
50
Geographical barrier also tends to add to economic disincentives & incidence of poverty
Emerging urban poverty pattern reveals significant proportion of households closer to poverty line in municipalities
Households
25.9%
Households
26.5%
59.9%
Extremely Poor
Population
25.3% 12.0% 0.4%
40.9%
Population
24.2% 0.73%
62.4%
34.2%
Bharatpur
Ratnanagar
The sectoral National Urban Policy 2007 emphasizes balanced national urban system and investment to the lagging regions
Taklakot
Simikot
Liji
Kerung
Jomsom Kalikot
Khasa
Kathmandu Valley
Riyu
Khadbari
Rasuwa
Dasarathchand
Pokhara
Raxual
Jogbani
GESI being mainstreamed in municipalities by transformatory social mobilization by creating community level institutional structures like inclusive Ward Citizen Forums and Integrated Planning Committees supported by Social Mobilization Guidelines and Capacity Development Guidelines of Ministry of Local Development Social Units in municipalities facilitate GESI mainstreaming in planning, budgeting, and monitoring
Community Development Programs (CDP) for the Poor and Excluded in Municipalities:
Example: Integrated Urban Development Project Includes activities social mobilization and information, education and communication campaigns with a particular emphasis on health and hygiene education and 3Rs activities small-scale community infrastructure that are community priorities, such as community water taps, public and community toilets, lane and drainage improvement, and community composting facilities community-led total sanitation (CLTS) and/or school-led total sanitation (SLTS) approach skills and entrepreneurship development targeting women, poor and the excluded
Community Development Programs (CDP) for the Poor and Excluded in Municipalities:
Example: Integrated Urban Development Project Community development program in poor areas with genderresponsive approach How: 50% women in REFLECT circles Min. 33% women in committees and in infrastructure selection consultations Womens needs addressed in infrastructure selection and its design; example, separate toilet for women and men 50% are women in skills and entrepreneurship training with need identified for women and men from market assessment Train women as skilled labor in infrastructure
Decentralization: Challenges of weakened governance Fragmented institutional arrangement affecting intergovernmental coordination and impedes service delivery
MPPW GESI unit Sectoral ministry TDC TDF Sectoral Dept MLD
DUDBC
Municipalities
GESI Policy of Ministry of Physical Planning and Works for Urban Infrastructure Development 2011
Guidelines for Mainstreaming GESI in Infrastructure Sectors: covers roads, urban development and water supply and sanitation sectors GESI Structure and Mechanisms including GESI Unit being established at Ministry of Physical Planning and Works and its Departments (includes Departments of Water Supply and Sanitation, Urban Development and Building Construction and Roads)
Legal Framework and Allocation of Resources (1) Legislation/Guidelines to Promote GESI in Local Bodies Local Self Governance Act (LSGA) 1998: requires local bodies to prepare periodic planprioritizing women, marginalized groups, poor and children Minimum Conditions and Performance Measures (MCPM) 2009: requires municipalities to adopt participatory and inclusive planning including propoor budget to ensure the flow of central grant Gender Responsive Budgeting since 2007-2008 : All line ministries need to follow the guideline however this provision has not been fully trickled down to the operational departments
Legal Framework and Allocation of Resources (2) Legislation/Guidelines to Promote GESI in Local Bodies Block Grant Guidelines for Local Bodies 2011: requires local bodies to allocate 35% budget for targeted program for women (10%), children (10%) and disadvantaged groups (15%) in the areas like public infrastructures (maternity wards in community health centers, school facilities, housing for homeless, water supply, conservation of cultural heritage)
Inclusive Planning: Urban/Poverty Mapping provides valuable information on intensity and distribution of povertyand enables prepare community development action plan/program
Inclusive Planning: Disadvantaged Group Mapping helps to identify area with poverty and gender and social exclusion issues by using the criteria of:
food sufficiency dalit, janajati concentration area school enrolment community health womens participation in decision making process disaster related vulnerability
Thank you !