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Just stare at the machine. There is nothing wrong with that. Just live with it for a while. Watch it the way you watch a line when fishing and before long, as sure as you live, youll get a little nibble, a little fact asking in a timid, humble way if youre interested in it. Thats the way the world keeps on happening. Be interested in it. Robert Piersig, Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance
Figure 14.4 Worm gear drive. (a) Cylindrical teeth; (b) double enveloping.
Diametral pitch, pd, in. -1 1/2, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 12, 14, 16, 18 20, 24, 32, 48, 64, 72, 80, 96, 120, 128 150, 180, 200
Diametral Pitches
Figure 14.7 Standard diametral pitches compared with tooth size. Full size is assumed.
Text Reference: Figure 14.7, page 622
S ymbol a b c
Table 14.2 Formulas for addendum, dedendum, and clearance (pressure angle 20, full-depth involute.)
Figure 14.8 Pitch and base circles for pinion and gear as well as line of action and pressure angle.
Involute Curve
Contact Ratio
Line of Action
Figure 14.11 Details of line of action, showing angles of approach and recess for both pinion and gear.
Backlash
18 12 8 5 3 2 1.25
Example 14.7
Figure 14.18 Effect of Brinell hardness on allowable bending stress for two grades of through-hardened steel [ANSI/AGMA Standard 1012F90, Gear Nomenclature, Definition of Terms with Symbols, American Gear Manufacturing Association, 1990.]
Text Reference: Figure 14.18, page 638
Figure 14.19 Effect of Brinell Hardness on allowable contact stress for two grades of through-hardened steel. [ANSI/AGMA Standard 1012-F90, Gear Nomenclature, Definition of Terms with Symbols, American Gear Manufacturing Association, 1990.]
Text Reference: Figure 14.19, page 639
Bending Stresses
Figure 14.21 Forces and length dimensions used in determining bending tooth stresses. (a) Tooth; (b) cantilevered beam.
Text Reference: Figure 14.20, page 641
Table 14.4 Lewis form factors for various numbers of teeth (pressure angle 20, full depth involute).
Text Reference: Table 14.4, page 642
Figure 14.22 Spur gear geometry factors for pressure angle of 20 and fulldepth involute. [ANSI/AGMA Standard 1012-F90, Gear Nomenclature, Definition of Terms with Symbols, American Gear Manufacturing Association, 1990.]
Text Reference: Figure 14.21, page 643
Application Factor
Driven Machines Power Source Uniform Light shock Moderate shock Uniform 1.00 1.20 1.30 Light shock Moderate shock Application factor, K a 1.25 1.50 1.40 1.75 1.70 2.00 Heavy shock 1.75 2.25 2.75
Table 14.5 Application factor as a function of driving power source and driven machine.
Size Factor
Module, m, mm 5 6 8 12 20
Figure 14.23 Load distribution factor as function of face width and ratio of face width to pitch diameters. Commercial quality gears assumed. [From Mott (1992).]
Dynamic Factor
Figure 14.24 Dynamic factor as function of pitch-line velocity and transmission accuracy level number.
Helical Gear
Figure 14.25 Helical gear. (a) Front view; (b) side view.
Figure 14.28 Torque and speed of motor as function of current for industrial mixer used in case study.
Text Reference: Figure 14.28, page 655