L.J.

Institute of Computer Application Master of Computer Application Semester II Computer Oriented Numerical Methods Question Bank
Unit 1
1) Explain different types of numerical errors with suitable examples. 2) Explain the following terms : Blunders, Formulation Errors, Data Uncertainty. 3) Explain Total Numerical Error. How can one control numerical errors ? 4) Discuss different types of errors and error propagation in detail; with example 5) What is meant by significant digits? Define absolute error, relative error and percentage error.

Unit II
1) Describe the Newton-Raphson method and derive its formula analytically. One of the root of the equation sin x - x 2 =0 lies near x=2.5.Find the root with tolerance 0.001. 2) Derive the formula to find the root using Bisection method also write algorithm for it. 3)Write a well commented program for Secant method. Also explain it 4) What are the similarities and differences between Secant method and False Position method of finding root of a given equation f (x) = 0. Which one is best? Why? 5) Graphically derive Newton-Raphson method to find the root of the equation f(x)=0. Also, explain graphically the pit-falls of the Newton-Raphson method. 3 6) Can Birge-Vieta method be used to find roots of any f(x)=0 ? Find the root of the equation x + 2 2x + 10x 20 = 0 correct upto three significant digits using Birge- Vieta method (Hint : Take r0 = 1). 7) Give graphical representation of the Successive Approximation method to find the root of the equation f(x)=0, for cases of divergence as well as convergence. 8) Use Bisection method to find the smallest positive root of the following equation x4 x 10 = 0, correct upto four significant digits. 9) Find the root of the equation 3x cos x 1 Perform iterations until the approximate relative error falls below 0.5%. (Or s = 0.5% ). 3 2 10) Obtain positive numerical solution of x +x -3x-3=0 using bisection method correct to four significant figures. Using Descartes rule of sign, find how many roots the function has. 11) Discuss the differences between false-position method and secant method. Also mention convergence criteria for successive approximation method. Illustrate selection of proper function with suitable example. 3 12) Find the root of x - x - 4 = 0 using Birge-Vieta method. Take 1.5 a initial approximation. 13) Write an algorithm for false position method and explain the method in detail.

Unit III
Approximate the value of ln ( 5.75) correct upto four decimal places using Taylor series expansion. 2) Employ appropriate interpolation techniques to find the values of y at x = 5.603 and x at y = 0.78 from the following data. x 5.600 5.602 5.605 5.607 5.608 y 0.77557 0.77683 0.77871 0.77997 0.78059 3) It has been observed that the rate of flow of water through a fire engine hose is a quadratic in pressure p, at the nozzle end. The observed data is
1)

4)

7)

8)

9)

p 1.0 1.6 2.5 4.0 6.0 Q 9.3 11.9 15.1 18.0 22.9 2 Fit a parabola in the form Q = ap + bp + c by least square method. 5) Derive an expression for Newtons forward difference formula passing the (n+1) equispaced points (x0, y0), (x1, y1) . . . . (xn, yn). b 6) Fit the following data with the power model (y = ax ). Use the resulting power equation to predict y at x = 9. X 2.5 3.5 5 6 7.5 10 12.5 15 17.5 20 Y 13 11 8.5 8.2 7 6.2 5.2 4.8 4.6 4.3 The function y = sin(x) is tabulated below. Find the value of Cos(1.74) and Cos(1.84) using interpolation technique. x 1.70 1.74 1.78 1.82 1.86 sin(x) 0.9917 0.9857 0.9782 0.9691 0.9585 From the following table, find P when t = 142 C and 175 C, using appropriate Newtons Interpolation formula. Temp (t) C : 140 150 160 170 180 2 Pressure (P) kgf/cm : 3.685 4.854 6.302 8.076 10.225 Fit a geometric curve to the following data by the method of least squares : x : 1 2 3 4 5 y : 7.1 27.4 62.1 110.0 161.0

10)

Derive the formula for Newtons Divided Difference Interpolating Polynomial. 11) Obtain the cubic spline approximations for the function f(x)=0 from the following data : x : -1 0 1 2 y : -1 1 3 35 2 12) Fit a second degree parabola of the form ax +bx+c to the following data by the least square method: x: 0.5 1 2 3 5 y: 3.1 6.0 11.2 14.8 20 13) Obtain Lagranges divided difference interpolation formula. 14) Compute f(0.3) for the data given below using it. X F(x) 0 1 1 3 3 49 4 129 7 813

15) What is inverse interpolation? Estimate value of x given following data when y=0.390. x: 20 25 30 35 y: 0.342 0.423 0.5 0.65 16) Given a function in the form of a table as

X 2.0 3.0 4.0 Y(x) 6.6 9.2 8.6 Interpolate the value if y(x) using Langrangiapolynomial at a. X= 2.8 b. x = 3.1 18) Give the table of values for function as x: 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 y: 6.2 7.5 9.0 10.00 11.5 12.0 Determine both the regression lines and also prove that the intersect at (x/n,y/n) 19) Given the following data find the cubic spline equations for the 4 intervals

X 1 2 F(x) 6 -3 Find the value of f(x) at x = 3.8

3 6

4 2

5 -6

20) From the Taylor series for y(x) ,find y(0.1) correct to four decimal places if y(x) satisfies : =x- and y(0)=1

Unit IV
. Find the value of and cos 65 from the following table, using numerical differentiation based on Newtons backward interpolation formula: 35 40 45 50 55 x
1)

y=tan x 0.7002 0.8391 1.0000 1.1918 1.4281 Backward difference table: 2) The values of pressure and specific volume of super heated steam are as follows : Volume (V) : 2 4 6 8 10 Pressure (P) : 105.00 42.07 25.30 16.70 13.00 Find the rate of change of pressure with respect to volume when V = 2 and V = 8. 3) The velocity v of a particle at distances from a point on its linear path is given below : s (m) : 0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0 v (m/sec) : 16 19 21 22 20 17 13 11 9 Estimate the time taken by the particle to traverse the distance of 20 metres, using Simpson 1/3 rule. 4) For the following pairs of x and y, find numerically the first and second order derivatives at x = 1.9. x : 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 y : 0 0.128 0.544 1.296 2.432 4.000 + x 2 )dx with limits 0 to 1.2 using 5) Evaluate log(1 1) Trapizoidal rule 2) simpson 3/8 rule taking h-0.2 for both cases 6) A body is in the form of a solid of revolution, whose diameter d in cm of its sections at various distances x cm from one end is given in the table below. Compute the volume of the solid. x: 0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 d: 5.00 5.5 6.00 6.75 6.25 5.5 4.00 7) Evaluate
1.4

0.2

(i) Trapezoidal rule (ii) Simpsons 1/3 rule. 8) Find the velocity and acceleration of a moving particle at t = 2 and t = 12 sec using following data. Time (sec) 2 4 6 8 10 Distance (m) 0.25 1 2.2 4 6.5

( ) sin x log x + e dx with h = 0.1 by

x

rd

12 8.5

Unit V
1) State the condition of convergence of Gauss Seidel method for solving a

system of linear equations. Using Gauss-Seidel method find the solution of the following system correct up to 4 decimal places. 1.02x1 0.05x2 0.10x3 = 0.795; 0.11x1 + 1.03x2 0.05x3 = 0.849; 0.11x1 0.12x2 + 1.04 x3 = 1.398 2) Given that dy/dx= 1 + xy; y(0) = 1 , find y(0.1) by Runge-Kutta second order method, y(0.2) and y(0.3) by Runge-Kutta third order and hence y(0.4) by Milne-Simpsons predictor corrector method. 3)Find numerically largest eigen value and corresponding eigen vector of the T following matrix using power method by taking X 0 = [1,1, 0] . 3 2 4 2 3 2 0 4 2

4) given that dy/dx= (1+x2)1/2y(0)=0.8,y(0.2)=0.9903. compute y(0.4) and y(0.6) by Rungekutta fourth order method and find y(0.8) by Adam-Bashforth predictor corrector method. 5) Find numerically the largest eigen value and the corresponding eigen vectors of the following matrix, using the Power method : 1 3 2 4 4 1 6 3 5 6) Given the following differential equation dy dx = 1 y 2 , with y(1) = 1.

Compute y(1.1), y(1.2) and y(1.3) using Runge-Kutta third order method and obtain y(1.4) using Milne-Simpsons predictor corrector method. 7) State the necessary and sufficient condition for the convergence of Gauss-Seidel method for solving a system of simultaneous linear equations. Hence, solve the following system of equations, using Gauss-Seidel method, correct upto four decimal places. 30x 2y + 3z = 75 2x + 2y + 18z = 30 x + 17y 2z = 48 x 8) dy Given the following differential equation = ( x + y)e , with dx y(0.1) = 0.9053. Compute y(0), y(0.1) and y(0.2) using Runge-Kutta second order method and obtain y(0.3) using Adam-Bashforth-Moultons predictor corrector method. 9) Define Matrix. Write a program for multiplication of 2 matrices. 10) Write an algorithm for Gauss-Seidal Method. 11) Solve the following system of linear equations by Gauss elimination method. 5x - y + z = 10

2x + 4y = 12 x+ y+5z = -1

12) Find Eigen Values and Eigen Vector set for principal Eigen value for the following matrix. 13 5 2 4 13) Write a well commented program for Gauss elimination method. 14) Solve by Gauss-Seidal method, the following system of Equations. 28x + 4y z = 32 x + 3y +10z = 24 2x + 17y + 4z= 35