What is Limits in Calculus

What is Limits in Calculus

Do you know what is limits in calculus? To understand what actually limit is, let us first consider a function f(x)= (x^2 -4)/ (x-2). If we take the value of x=2, then f(2) = (2^2 -4)/ (2-2) so, f(2) = 4-4 / 0 f(2) = 0/0, which is a vague . To solve the above function we write, f(x)= (x^2 - 2^2) / (x-2) f(x) = (x+2) (x-2) / (x-2) cancelling x-2 from both numerator and denominator we get, f(x) = (x+2) only when x <> 2. In such situations, we consider the value of 'x' not exactly equal to 2 but near to 2. If value of x= 1.9, then f(x) = 3.9, which is slightly less than 4, if we start increasing the value of x towards 2, we find that we are approaching towards 4, but not exactly 4. Similarly, if we take the value of 'x' a little higher than 2 and not exactly 2, then the value of f(x) will be a little greater than 4. Thus, we say that lim f(x) = m, only when x> a, f(x) -> m, which means that the value of f(x) approaches to m when x approaches to a. There are certain fundamental theorems on limits: 1. lim f(x) +g(x) = lim f(x) +lim g(x) x->a x->a x->a 2. lim f(x) - g(x) = lim f(x) - lim g(x) x->a x->a x->a 3. lim c. f(x) = c. lim f(x), where c is any constant value. 4. lim f(x) x g(x) = lim f(x) x lim g(x) x->a x->a x->a
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Example of Limits in calculus If f(x) = limx2 (x2+2x+1)2? Step1: First we write the given expression: Lim x2 (x2 +2x +1)2 Step 2: Write the expression as given below : Lim x2 (x2 +2x +1)2 = [Lim x2 (x2 +2x +1)] 2 Step 3: Now we individually solve this expression: Lim x2 (x2 +2x +1)2 = [Lim x2 x2 + Lim x2 2x + Lim x2 1]2 Lim x2 x2 = 4 Lim x2 2x = 2 x 2 =4 Lim x2 1= 1 Lim x2 (x2 +2x +1)2 = (4+4+1)2 = 81 Step 4: Now we are plugging this expression together: Lim x2 (x2 +2x +1)2 = [Lim x2 (x2 +2x +1)] 2 = 81 Solve the given problem using power law of limit, f(x)=limx2(3x)2 ? According to power law, If the limit limxa -f(x) exist, then limxa -(f(x) )n=( limxa f(x) )n Now put the value of given function in the above formula of power Laws of Limit and firstly applying the limit and than using the power law solve the given function. F(x) = limx2(3x)2, = (limx2(3 x 2))2, = (6)2=36. Now, I am going to next example: the function is limx1[x+2x]3, By using the power Law.
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We have function limx1[x+2x]3 by the law of power, Putting the values in the above law of power and then applying the limit on the given function that is putting the value of x=1 in the given function, so, that the equation is, = limx1 [x+2x]3, = limx1[1+2]3, =[3]3, =27. Solving the problem with help of limit law of multiplication, Lim x2 [(2x3) (3x) (x+1)]? Step 1: Lim x2 [(2x3) (3x) (x+1)], Step 2: Lim x2 [(2x3) (3x) (x+1)] = [Lim x2 2x3] x [Lim x2 3x ] x [ Lim x2 (x+1)], Step 3: Lim x2 2x3 = 16, Lim x2 3x= 3. Lim x2 x = 2 x 3 = 6, Lim x2 (x+1)= Lim x2 x + Lim x2 1, = 2 +1 =3, Step 4: Lim x2 [(2x3) (3x) (x+1)] = [Lim x2 2x3] x [Lim x2 3x ] x [ Lim x2 (x+1)], =16 x 6 x 3, = 288

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