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Phosphoric acid is not a particularly strong acid as indicated by its first dissociation constant. It is a stronger acid than acetic acid, but weaker than sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid. Most phosphoric acid is used in the production of fertilizers. Phosphorus is one of the elements essential for plant growth. Organic phosphates are the compounds which provide the energy for most of the chemical reactions that occur in living cells. Therefore, enriching soils with phosphate fertilizers enhances plant growth. Phosphoric acid, also known as orthophosphoric acid or phosphoric(V) acid.
Through modern filtering techniques the wet process acid can be cleaned up significantly but still isn't as pure as thermal phosphoric acid; as it may contain other acidic species such as hydrofluoric acid.
Medical use:
Phosphoric acid is used in dentistry and orthodontics as an etching solution, to clean and roughen the surfaces of teeth where dental appliances or fillings will be placed. Phosphoric acid is also an ingredient in over the counter antinausea medications which also contain high levels of sugar (glucose and fructose). It should not be used by diabetics without consultation with a doctor. Phosphoric acid is also used as a catalyst in the synthesis of aspirin because it provides a larger number of hydrogen ions with less contamination when compared to hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid.
Rock phosphate:
Phosphorite, phosphate rock or rock phosphate is a non-detrital sedimentary rock which contains high amounts of phosphate bearing minerals. The phosphate content of phosphorite is at least 15 to 20%, which is a large enrichment over the typical sedimentary rock content of less than 0.2%.Phosphate rock is found in the seas of the world in the form of calcium phosphate, termed phosphorite. It has been deposited in extensive layers that cover tens of thousands of square kilometers. The phosphate is present as fluorapatite Ca5(PO4)3F (CFA) typically in cryptocrystalline masses (grain sizes < 1 m) referred to as collophane. It is also present hydroxyapatite Ca5(PO4)3OH, which is often dissolved from vertebrate bones and teeth, whereas fluorapatite can originate from hydrothermal veins.
References:
scifun.chem.wisc.edu/chemweek/PDF/Phosphoric_Acid.pdf http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoric_acid http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Phosphoric_acid http://scorecard.goodguide.com/chemical-profiles/html/phosphoric_acid.html http://www.chemicalland21.com/arokorhi/industrialchem/inorganic/PHOSPH ORIC%20ACID.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_phosphate http://www.eoearth.org/article/Phosphate?topic=49557