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November-2011
TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD ................................................................................................................... 1 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 GENERAL .............................................................................................................. 1 GUIDELINES FOR TIME MANAGEMENT OF THE AUDIT .................................. 6 AUDITING AIDS .................................................................................................... 6 AUDITING TO COATINGS AUDIT CRITERIA ...................................................... 7
AUDITING TO AC7109 AUDIT CRITERIA ................................................................. 7 AUDITING TO AC7109/1 THERMAL SPRAY ............................................................ 7 AUDITING TO AC7109/2 VAPOR DEPOSITED COATINGS ................................... 10 AUDITING TO AC7109/3 DIFFUSION COATING PROCESSES ............................. 11 AUDITING TO AC7109/4 STRIPPING OF COATED MATERIAL............................. 12 AUDITING TO AC7109/5 COATING EVALUATIONS (SHOP FLOOR AND LABORATORY) ........................................................................................................ 14 AUDITING TO AC7109/6 PLATING OF COATED PARTS ...................................... 14 AUDITING TO AC7109/7 HEAT TREATING FOR SUPPLIERS OF COATINGS ..... 15 APPENDIX 1 OPENING MEETING CHECKLIST ...................................................... 17
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This Handbook has been prepared to assist the Coatings Auditor and Supplier as follows: a) Where necessary, provide clarification on the intent and rationale of the Task Group as it pertains to specific questions contained in AC7109 and associated Slash Sheets. b) Clarify the material to be reviewed in addressing audit questions. c) Standardize the audit from auditor to auditor. d) Provide general guidance on Task Group expectations on conducting the audit. e) Provide general information on unique requirements of participating Subscriber contractors to aid the auditor in determining supplier conformance to customer requirements. f) Assist the supplier throughout the audit process.
1.0
1.1 AUDITING GUIDELINES
GENERAL
Coating Auditors shall comply with the general requirements for completion of the checklist contained in the core Nadcap Auditor Handbook. These requirements include, but are not limited to: 1.1.1 All NO Answers should be supported by an NCR. If No is an acceptable answer to a question and no NCR is required, then a short statement of explanation shall be included. All questions must be addressed Do not leave sections blank and assume that the Task Group will understand why it is blank. All N/As shall be explained with supporting remarks. All descriptive sections shall be completed, except as directed in the checklists. Combine Findings When practical, the auditor may combine findings that are closely related on one NCR. For each NCR the auditor must indicate in the assessment section whether or not there is adverse product impact from the finding. All findings from previous audit must be reviewed and verified during the course of the coatings audit. A condition for extended frequency audits is the absence of repetitive NCRs.
1.1.2
1.1.6
1.2
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If a product impact issue is discovered during the audit, notify PRI Staff Engineer immediately by telephone. In addition to the general auditor requirements for completion of the checklist, Coatings Auditor shall comply with the following: Abbreviations shall not be used. The use of acronyms shall be limited to commonly accepted and understood acronyms (i.e., FAA, DoD, HVOF, LPPS, etc.) Can auditors close out findings on site? Answer: No, Auditors cannot close a finding. Corrective Actions may be accepted on site by the Auditor but make sure that the supplier understands that the Staff Engineer or Task Group may re-open the finding as deemed necessary. The record of the NCR and corrective action must still be reported to the task group. Reference NIP 7-02 5.6. The coatings task group has adopted the definitions of Major and Minor findings as contained in PRI Quality Manual. Each finding shall be categorized. Auditors shall preferentially perform job audits of participating Subscribers fully approved, OEM production parts. When available, subsequent audits should address different parts and different Subscribers. Auditors shall complete The Job Audit and Test Method Tracker to ensure that all processes, specifications, and primes in the scope of the audit are reviewed during job audits over a period of time. The auditor is to review the Tracker prior to the audit and communicate with the supplier requesting hardware be made available (to the extent possible) for processes, primes and specifications that have not been reviewed in previous audits. 1.7.2 When performing audits and documenting findings, be sure to identify affected P/N, Specification number, Paragraph number, and Job number. In case the auditor needs to find out what is the current specification/drawing level or a Subscriber specification interpretation, he may call the Subscriber contact, with the supplier (on the phone at the same time):
Contact Nicolas Barthelemy John Nerz Ben Evans Jack Saunders Dan Loveless Tim Pruitt Jon Higgins Fabrice Crabos +1 317 230 3728 +1 602 231 1189 Telephone Email nicolas.barthelemy@eurocopter.com john.nerz@ae.ge.com ben.evans@goodrich.com jack.saunders@honeywell.com dloveless@parker.com timothy.j.pruitt@rolls-royce.com jon.higgins@rolls-royce.com fabrice.crabos@turbomeca.fr
1.4
1.4.1 1.4.2
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.7.1
1.7.3
Company Name Eurocopter (EADS) GE Aviation Goodrich Corporation Honeywell Aerospace Parker Aerospace Group Rolls-Royce Corp. Rolls-Royce, plc SAFRAN Group (Turbomeca)
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robert_nixon@voughtaircraft.com clark.okawa@pw.utc.com
Jan Wigren
jan.wigren@volvo.com
1.7.4
Accept findings on site: Minor (and only minor) non systemic findings may be accepted on site. The Supplier must address the finding to the auditors satisfaction and show the changes, including training records if necessary. If the finding is accepted, clearly describe the actions that were taken by the supplier to address the finding. This is necessary to ensure that no more information is needed from the supplier to close the finding. Make sure that the supplier understands that the finding is only accepted. It can only be closed by the Task Group or the Staff Engineer and may be re-opened, although this is not the intention. It is important for the auditor to understand that the ability to accept findings on site is available and encouraged when appropriate. We understand that there are times when a supplier trying to fix everything on site is distracting to effective completion of the audit. This must be dealt with and you may contact the Staff Engineer for assistance with this if needed. However, there are times when an effective solution can be developed and completed while the auditor is on site. We do not want to lose track of this.
1.8
If additional time (day) is needed during an audit due to: additional audit scope, unusually large number of findings or investigation into product impact issues, contact the staff engineer or scheduling immediately for approval first. If the audit is finished early by a full day or more, the staff engineer and/or scheduling must be contacted for approval prior to leaving the facility. During the debriefing meeting at the end of the audit, please advise the Point of Contact of typical objective evidence required to close findings. #1 If a procedure change is made, you need to submit the approved revision, controlled version of the revised copy along with the evidence of training the appropriate personnel to the changes. Evidence of implementation is also typically requested. If internal procedure was violated, you need well-defined root cause identifying why this occurred. The Task Group needs to see the corrective action (such as training) as well as evidence of implementation of oversight system to ensure procedures are followed.
1.9
1.10
#2
1.10.1 During the closing meeting, clearly explain each NCR. 1.10.2 During the debriefing meeting, please review the root cause evaluation requirements. Proper/thorough evaluation of the root cause and implementation of effective corrective actions to address the root cause issues is the key to successful response and closure of findings. This will likely result in fewer requests for additional information/evidence.
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This will also increase the likelihood of being placed on the supplier merit program. (Briefly discuss the merit program with the Point of Contact). 1.10.3 Also, during the debriefing meeting, discuss the responses to observations with the Point of Contact. Responses are not required but it is in their best interest to respond. This can help the Task Group/Staff Engineer to decide if this is a finding or not. Make sure the Point of Contact knows that if he/she has any questions to contact the Coatings Staff Engineer. 1.10.4 Ensure that the point of contact is aware of the criteria for number of rounds which can lead to Task Group review for failure. Associated with this, advise the contact to not use eAuditNet for simple questions or requests for clarification as they will increase the number of rounds. These should be handled by a telephone call or an email to the Staff Engineer. 1.10.5 Give the Post-Audit Letter to the Point of Contact. 1.11 Best practices for auditors are summarized below:
1.11.1 To make the audit effective: a) b) c) Talk with the operator. Review the operation sheet for flowdown. Identify parts in process, copy traveler, secure specifications/prints/instructions, query operators to ensure that they understand their job, explain the philosophy how well does the operator understand his/her job. Discuss with the operators without external prompting of answers. However, ensure that there is an additional supplier representative present. Pick a job/PO and walk through the system and audit the elements as applicable. Get the job, specs, and identify subtier specs, compare revision dates, rev. date of process sheet vs. latest specification requirements. Identify mechanism to ensure compliance. Ensure proper release authorization. Witness a part in process. If available, walk/audit from beginning to end (receiving to shipping), look at certifications, and have the operator explain why they accepted this certification. Verify effectiveness of powder control system. These are often weak.
d) e) f)
g)
h.)
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Donts Dont dwell on findings Dont divulge proprietary information Dont give off negative body language Dont threaten and celebrate NCRs Dont lose temper no matter what happens Dont gloat or make jokes Dont use inappropriate language Dont criticize the checklist or process Do not mix personal opinion with requirements Dont allow extended discussions on findings Dont write root causes as problems Dont tell dirty/inappropriate jokes. Dont be crude. Dont say how many findings that youre going to find during the upcoming audit. Dont assume that youll have NCRs going into the facility Dont sell consulting services during the audit. Dont dictate corrective action.
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Manage your time spent in the various sections of the audit, systems technical job audits, to allow for a timely completion and debriefing of Executive Management personnel on the final day.
3.0
3.1
AUDITING AIDS
The Coatings Task Group has developed several aids to assist both auditors and suppliers in auditing and understanding and interpreting checklist criteria. The first is this audit handbook. The next sections provide specific interpretations for auditing to each checklist. Objective Evidence Checklists The Task Group has identified what would be expected to be seen for objective evidence for most checklist questions. These checklists can be downloaded from eAuditNet in Public Documents. They can be used instead of the PRI checklists when performing audits on paper checklists as they contain the same questions as the PRI checklists. It is important to note that these evidence lists are not exhaustive and there are other ways in which compliance with requirements may be shown. Subscriber Job Audit Guidelines Each Subscriber has the opportunity to develop a Subscriber job audit guideline. These are also found in eAuditNet in Public Documents. The job audit guideline is the job audit section for each checklist and can be used as a job audit checklist when performing a job audit for that Subscribers parts. The checklist will include specific information to look for when reviewing a job for that Subscriber. It may include where to look for information, additional information to look for or clarifications. A more current specification revision than that defined in these guidelines will override requirements defined in these guidelines. The developed guidelines must meet the following criteria: 1. These guidelines only contain requirements which are currently requirements of specific Subscribers. 2. Statements/Questions will be linked (and referenced) to job audit questions of Nadcap checklists (except for AC7109/5). 3. Questions will have reference to Subscriber specification, including revision level and paragraph number 4. Guidelines will only be used when performing a job audit of that Subscribers hardware. If no job audit to that Subscriber, guidelines will not be used 5. Control of keeping current to Subscriber requirements is responsibility of Subscriber sitting on the CT TG. If that Subscriber loses representation to the Task Group, the guidelines will be removed.
3.1.1
3.1.2
3.2
For findings which violate customer engineering requirements (such as specification, drawing or frozen process requirements), the response must contain evidence of customer notification. This notification must include the following information:
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Other information which is not required but would assist in resolving the issue more quickly with the customer is: 1) Approximate time frame of violation 2) Listing of parts/all affected parts Quantities, ship dates, status 3) Preliminary plan for corrective action
4.0
General Note for All Checklists: When parameters are automatically controlled, there does not need to be a tolerance on the setting, but there does need to be a tolerance on the parameter for monitoring of the process. e.g. and i.e. are used to define possible examples and are not meant to be definite requirements. etc. means and others. Frozen process can also be called a Fixed Process.
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General guidance from the Task Group on auditing to AC7109/1 and specific interpretations to questions. DEFINITIONS Articulations Movement Crazing Network of cracks Fixturing / Tooling / Hard Tooling Items specifically designed to hold or fasten to components during processing; tooling used to hold or mask components Hardmasking Masks, fixtures or tools made from rigid materials (metal, hard rubbers/plastics, etc.) used to protect areas during grit blasting, or to prevent coating being deposited where it is not required Matte Finish A surface that is dull or not reflective Torch Configuration Details of the Spray gun and variable components used to build it, e.g. nozzle, powder injector Work Instruction Document describing how a particular operation is to be performed
4.
4.2.h
Controlled conditions means: Powder/Wire lot control Designated powder/wire storage area Release control Method of logging in and out maintain controlled inventory system. Procedures that avoid mislabeling powder Specific customer requirements Receiving pending approval Humidity and temperature not applicable
OXY/FUEL (SEE NOTES) PLASMA THERMAL SPRAY (SEE NOTES) HVOF/HVAF (SEE NOTES) D-GUN SYSTEMS (SEE NOTES) LOW PRESSURE PLASMA SYSTEMS (LPPS) (SEE NOTES) ELECTRIC ARC WIRE (SEE NOTES)
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NOTE 1: If a job audit is not performed for a particular technology (oxy/fuel, LPPS, etc.), procedures and/or process plans, etc. must be reviewed for these other technologies to ensure requirements for process control. NOTE 2: Subscriber Requirements related to Part temperature control. GE Aviation Frequency must be defined in Quality Plan. Must be verified on each lot unless data can substantiate reduced sampling. TBD
Honeywell
Rolls-Royce, plc and Corp. Temperature defined in specification. Validation first run acceptable. Pratt and Whitney Bombardier Defined in specification or validated during first run. Defined in specification and validated in first run.
Auditor direction Check: 1. 2. 3. 4. Supplier has a procedure for part temperature measurement. Operator complies with this procedure. Object evidence of measurement in compliance with customer requirements Frequency, method, and temperature comply with customer requirements
Some examples of part measurement techniques: Infrared gun (quantitative) Thermocouple on part (i.e. contact pyrometry) (quantitative) Temperature Sticks (qualitative) provides a temperature exceeded Stickers (similar in function to Temperature Sticks) (qualitative) provides a temperature exceeded.
Part temperature control may be monitored during part qualification. If this is acceptable per the spec, it is not a finding. There must, however, be evidence of this, such as a FAIR. If it is unclear if this is acceptable, this should be written as a finding or the staff engineer may be consulted. The staff engineer can follow up with the Subscriber to determine if this is acceptable.
20.
COMPLIANCE AUDIT For GE Aviation, Revision Level on Farmout Instructions supersedes Revision Level on Purchase Order when performing work directly for GE.
20.1.2b
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The first and desired option for monitoring dew points is to use a dew point meter to measure the gas at the inlet to the chamber/reactor. A second option for PVD processes only to monitor dew point on all but toxic gases has four requirements that must be met in order to use it: 1) High purity gas (99.999% pure) must be used 2) Each bottle must have an individual certification of purity 3) There must be a dedicated gas line from one bottle to one reactor 4) There must be a helium leak detection check along the entire gas line, from source to inlet, with a written procedure and documentation of results to occur with after every line disruption (e.g. bottle change, hit with forklift, etc.). This second option may only be used where there are no customer or Subscriber requirements to physically measure the dew point. GE and PWA have stated that they have requirements to measure the dew point and this option is not viable for work performed for these Subscribers.
16.
COMPLIANCE AUDIT For GE Aviation, Revision Level on Farmout Instructions supersedes Revision Level on Purchase Order when performing work directly for GE. Technical plan is defined as the top level document describing the processing for a part. No is not an NCR.
16.1.2b
16.1.2f
16.1.3.1
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Parameters Equipment settings and required conditions that are used to control a process Part Orientation How the part is positioned during coating Part Substrate The material of the component being coated Procurement Purchasing Rejuvenation Processing of the used coating source material so that it may be used again; reconditioning Reprocessing Re-application of the coating, either as an additional layer, or following the removal of the previous coating; may include coating removal Retort/Box/Coating Pan The container in which components are placed for coating; this may then be placed within a larger container Segregation (of material) Identification and isolation of material separate from other materials Supplemental Heat Treat Heat treatment carried out after coating deposition Thermal Cycle The periods of time at various temperatures from start to finish of the process Thermocouple (Control, Indicating, Load) Control thermocouple Thermocouple connected to the furnace temperature controller Indicating thermocouple Thermocouple connected to a recording instrument measuring process equipment temperature Load thermocouple Thermocouple sensing component temperature, either attached to a part or buried within the load Ventilated (grit blast booths) An air extraction system is used to remove dust from the blasting booth Activator Chemicals used to generate the active species of the coating vapor Pack/Pack Mix Coating source material in powder form Conditioning (of coating pans/fixtures) Coating or stabilizing of new or repaired/renovated vessels or tooling, before they are used for coating components Slurry Coating source material that is applied to the components as a solid suspended (not dissolved) in a liquid
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General Guidance for the Task Group on auditing to AC7109/4 and specific interpretations to questions. DEFINITIONS Arc detector, Auto shutdown mechanism A mechanism to detect poor electrical connections that are causing electrical discharges (arcing) and current spikes, and automatically cut the power Blast Media Materials used in grit blast operations, e.g. alumina grit Constituents Ingredients, chemicals or components of a mixture Embrittlement Relief Bake Heat treatment to remove hydrogen from steel components Entrapment (of air or liquids in components) Air pockets that prevent the free access of solutions to the component surface; or small amounts of liquid that cannot be removed from a component Frozen Parameters Equipment settings and required conditions that are used to control a process and may only be changed with the approval of the customer/Subscriber Galvanic Coupling Physical contact between metals with different electrochemical potential resulting in an increased rate of attack or corrosion Halted Stopped Identity of Individual Name or identification of the operator Inhibited Addition of chemicals to reduce the rate of chemical attack on the substrate Initial tank make-up Preparation of a tank of new solution Log Records, documentation of results Media Sources Suppliers of materials used in mechanical stripping processes, e.g. blasting grit Precluded Prohibited, not allowed Process/Technical Plan Top level document that describes all the processing of a component Sample collection Taking a sample Serialized Having a unique identification code Stamped off Recording that an operation has been completed Strip Rate Determination Control of stripping solution by measurement of the amount of material stripped over time
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5. PROCESS CONTROL LABORATORY PROCEDURES 5.3.7d ARP4992 gives guidelines to follow for increase and decrease of analysis frequencies.
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PROCESS CONTROL LABORATORY PROCEDURE (SOLUTION ANALYSIS) ARP4992 gives guidelines to follow for increase and decrease of analysis frequencies.
7. 7.1.
PYROMETRY TESTING Mostly, the uniformity requirements will be 25F (14C). Typically furnaces will be Type A, Class 1.
7.5.2
2F = 1C, 50F=28C. These equivalencies are for temperature differences, not actual temperatures. VACUUM PROCEDURES Sign-off of an operation is evidence/record that the procedure was followed, unless the auditor sees evidence proving otherwise.
9. 9.4
10. 10.1
FURNACE MANFUNCTIONS/CYCLE INTERRUPTIONS For fixed/frozen processes, this must include MRB (material review board) and a variation. If the process is not fixed, there should be MRB. What is expected depends on the length of the outage and the time into the cycle. notify supervision is not sufficient to meet this requirement.
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Nadcap Coatings Task Group Audit Handbook APPENDIX 1 OPENING MEETING CHECKLIST
a) Scope of the Audit: How many days Full scope or reduced scope Re-accreditation initial follow-up Processes to be audited Quantity and types of jobs to be audited b) Discuss/Disclose if there are any ITAR/EAR or equivalent restrictions c) Give a brief overview of the Nadcap NCR response expectations. -
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Tell the Supplier they have 21 calendar days from the submittal of the audit to provide their initial responses. Supplier is required to provide response in eAuditNet (www.eauditnet.com)
d) Staff Engineer may be contacted during audit for clarification of Nadcap requirements. e) Make arrangements with the supplier about review of findings on a daily basis. f) If there is an audit observer (Subscriber), explain the rules and requirements of the observer. The observer is to only observe and not participate in the audit.
h) Make any other arrangement necessary for smooth run of the audit: Work hours Any need to stay overtime Necessary resources and facilities Any safety considerations Lunch (Delivery versus going out)
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