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Afghan Girl
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Sharbat Gula (Pashto: ( ) pronounced [abat]) (born ca. 1972) is an Afghan woman who was the subject of a famous photograph by journalist Steve McCurry. Gula was living as a refugee in Pakistan during the time of the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan when she was photographed. The image brought her recognition when it was featured on the cover of the June 1985 issue of National Geographic Magazine at a time when she was approximately 12 years old. Gula was known throughout the world simply as "the Afghan Girl" until she was formally identified in early 2002. The photograph has been likened to Leonardo da Vinci's painting of the Mona Lisa[1] and is sometimes popularly referred to as "the Afghan Mona Lisa".[2]

Contents
1 Photo's subject 2 1984 photograph 3 Search for the Afghan Girl 4 Legacy 5 References 6 External links

Sharbat Gula was the subject of Steve McCurry's "Afghan Girl." The photograph was shot in December 1984.

Photo's subject
Pashtun[3] by ethnicity, Gula was orphaned during the Soviet Union's bombing of Afghanistan and sent to the Nasir Bagh refugee camp in Pakistan in 1984. Her village was attacked by Soviet helicopter gunships sometime in the early 1980s. The Soviet strike killed her parents forcing her, her siblings and grandmother to hike over the mountains to the Nasir Bagh refugee camp in neighboring Pakistan.[4] She married in the late 1980s and returned to Afghanistan in 1992. Gula had three daughters: Robina, Zahida, and Alia. A fourth daughter died in infancy. Gula has expressed the hope that her girls will receive the education she was never able to complete.

1984 photograph
At the Nasir Bagh refugee camp in 1984, Gula's photograph was taken by National Geographic photographer Steve McCurry on Kodachrome color slide film, with a Nikon FM2 camera and Nikkor 105mm F2.5 lens.[5] The pre-print photo retouching was done by Graphic Art Service, based in Marietta, Georgia. Gula was one of the students in an informal school within the refugee camp; McCurry seized a rare opportunity to photograph Afghan women and captured her image.

Although her name was not known, her picture, titled "Afghan Girl", appeared on the June 1985 cover of National Geographic. The image of her face, with a red scarf draped loosely over her head and with her piercing sea-green eyes staring directly into the camera, became a symbol both of the 1980s Afghan conflict and of the refugee situation worldwide. The image itself was named "the most recognized photograph" in the history of the magazine.[6]

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Search for the Afghan Girl

The identity of the Afghan Girl remained unknown for over 17 years; Afghanistan remained largely closed to Western media until after the removal of the Taliban government by American troops and local allies in 2001. Although McCurry made several attempts during the 1990s to locate her, he was unsuccessful. In January 2002, a National Geographic team traveled to Afghanistan Front cover of the June 1985 issue of to locate the subject of the now-famous photograph. McCurry, upon National Geographic Magazine learning that the Nasir Bagh refugee camp was soon to close, inquired of its remaining residents, one of whom knew Gula's brother and was able to send word to her hometown. However, there were a number of women who came forward and identified themselves erroneously as the famous Afghan Girl. In addition, after being shown the 1985 photo, a handful of young men falsely claimed Gula as their wife. The team finally located Gula, then around the age of 30, in a remote region of Afghanistan; she had returned to her native country from the refugee camp in 1992. Her identity was confirmed using biometric technology, which matched her iris patterns to those of the photograph with almost full certainty.[7] She vividly recalled being photographedshe had been photographed on only three occasions: in 1984 and during the search for her when a National Geographic producer took the identifying pictures that led to the reunion with Steve McCurry. She had never seen her famous portrait before it was shown to her in January 2002.

Legacy
More recent pictures of her were featured as part of a cover story on her life in the April 2002 issue of National Geographic and she was the subject of a television documentary, entitled Search for the Afghan Stenciled rendition on rock at the Girl, which aired in March 2002. In recognition of her,[8] National Albany Bulb. Geographic set up the Afghan Girls Fund, a charitable organization with the goal of educating Afghan girls and young women.[9] In 2008, the scope of the fund was broadened to include boys and the name was changed to Afghan Children's Fund.[10] In 2010, the South African photographer Jodi Bieber won the World Press Photo of the Year award for her photograph of Bibi Aisha, an Afghan victim of facial mutilation at the hands of her estranged husband. In making the photograph, Beiber was inspired by Afghan Girl: "For me, it was putting a moment of history in perspective. It was just one thing that added to the image", she said.[11]

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References
1. ^ Zoroya, Greg (2002-03-13). "'National Geographic' tracks down Afghan girl" (http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2002/03/12/afghan-girl.htm) . USA Today (Gannett Company). http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2002/03/12/afghan-girl.htm. Retrieved 2012-02-14. 2. ^ "Black and White picture says it all" (http://ikranm.blogspot.com/2011/02/when-picture-says-it-all.html) . Ikrn. 2011-02-15. http://ikranm.blogspot.com/2011/02/when-picture-says-it-all.html. Retrieved 2012-01-14. 3. ^ Newman, Cathy (April 2002). "Afghan Girl: A Life Revealed" (http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2002/04/afghan-girl/index-text) . National Geographic. http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2002/04/afghan-girl/index-text. Retrieved 2012-01-14. 4. ^ Lucas, Dean. "Afghan Eyes Girl" (http://www.famouspictures.org/mag/index.php?title=Afghan_Eyes_Girl) . Famous Pictures Magazine. http://www.famouspictures.org/mag/index.php?title=Afghan_Eyes_Girl. Retrieved 2012-01-14. 5. ^ "Nikon World" (http://www.gloryman.com.tw/prod_pic_show.php?id=4888&pic=0) . Nikon World 4 (1). http://www.gloryman.com.tw/prod_pic_show.php?id=4888&pic=0. Retrieved 2012-01-14. 6. ^ "National Geographic: Afghan Girl, A Life Revealed" (http://www.washingtonpost.com/wpsrv/liveonline/02/world/world_mccurry041002.htm) . The Washington Post (The Washington Post Company). 2001-04-10. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/liveonline/02/world/world_mccurry041002.htm. Retrieved 2012-01-14. 7. ^ Daugman, John. "How the Afghan Girl was Identified by Her Iris Patterns" (http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~jgd1000/afghan.html) . http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~jgd1000/afghan.html. Retrieved 2012-01-14. 8. ^ Braun, David (2003-03-07). "How They Found National Geographic's 'Afghan Girl'" (http://news.nationalgeographic.co.uk/news/2002/03/0311_020312_sharbat_2.html) . National Geographic News (National Geographic Society). http://news.nationalgeographic.co.uk/news/2002/03/0311_020312_sharbat_2.html. Retrieved 2012-01-14. 9. ^ "National Geographic Society: Afghan Girls Fund" (http://web.archive.org/web/20041206042103/http://www.nationalgeographic.com/donate/afghan_girls_fund.ht ml) . National Geographic Society. August 2004. Archived from the original (http://www.nationalgeographic.com/donate/afghan_girls_fund.html) on 2004-12-06. http://web.archive.org/web/20041206042103/http://www.nationalgeographic.com/donate/afghan_girls_fund.ht ml. Retrieved 2009-03-15. 10. ^ "National Geographic Society: Afghan Children's Fund" (http://www.nationalgeographic.com/donate/afghanchildrens-fund.html) . National Geographic Society. http://www.nationalgeographic.com/donate/afghanchildrens-fund.html. Retrieved 2012-01-14. 11. ^ "Capturng Aisha" (http://www.montrealmirror.com/wp/2011/09/08/capturing-aisha/) , Montreal Mirror, September 8, 2011

External links
High-resolution image (http://fc06.deviantart.net/fs71/f/2009/354/f/1/Sharbat_Gula_by_LMEF2009.jpg) on deviantArt Search for the Afghan Girl (http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0406199/) at the Internet Movie Database Cover Story (http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2002/04/afghan-girl/index-text) Before and After - The Afghan Girl (1984 and 2002) (http://photography.nationalgeographic.com/photography/enlarge/afghan-girl-beforeafter_pod_image.html) - National Geographic 'Afghan Girl': Taking National Geographic's Most Famous Photo (http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=BIgx-nkFL6c) , FORA.tv, "The Chautauqua Institution", YouTube, July 29, 2010. (Video clip) Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Afghan_Girl&oldid=473082565" Categories: Pashtun people Children in war 1972 births Living people Afghan refugees

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Afghan children Afghan women Photography in Afghanistan Photographs Works originally published in National Geographic (magazine)

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