HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE SYSTEM AND NETWORKS II

CE00382-2-HSSN2 INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT 6th SEMESTER

ICT Resources India Limited Network Design

Submitted by Student ID Module Module Code Intake Lecturer

: AMIT KUMAR : BF0582201 : Hardware and Software System and Networks II : CE00382-2-HSSN2 : BF0582 : Mr. Akhilesh R. Upadhyay

Date Assigned: 04/02/08 Date Due In : 07/04/08

HSSN Individual Assignment

Case Study

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I, Amit Kumar, would like to thank Mr. Akhilesh R. Upadhyay, our module tutor for his constant guidance & encouragement in completing this project and the subject overall. Without his guidance it was impossible to come at completion. I would also like to thank all those who encouraged & helped directly or indirectly in the completion of this project.

Name: 1. Amit Kumar

Intake Number: BF0582201

Signature:

Amit Kumar (BF0582201)

APIIT SD INDIA

HSSN Individual Assignment TABLE OF CONTENTS

Case Study

Sl. No. 1] 2] 3] 4] 5] 6] 7] 8] 9] 10] 11] 12] 13] 17] 18] 19] A] Word Count: 2488

Topic Introduction Business Goals of ICT Resources Technical Goals of ICT Resources Network Applications User Communities Data Stores Networks and Internet Connection Advantages and Disadvantages of Network Transmission Media Expected Problems LAN Design for ICT Resources WAN Design for ICT Resources Project Budget References Project Implementation GANTT Chart Appendix Client Presentation Slides

Page no. 5 5 5 5 6 7 8 8 8-9 9 9-11 12-14 14 15 16 18

Amit Kumar (BF0582201)

APIIT SD INDIA

HSSN Individual Assignment Introduction

Case Study

ICT Resources India Public Limited Company based in New Delhi, is the only supplier of business equipment and office supplies throughout North India. The company owns a state off the art three storey building and facilities with 40 employees at New Delhi. The company has spread its operations throughout north India at Chandigarh, Jaipur and Lucknow. Since its inception 20 years ago, the company has been a leader in business equipment and office supplies. With over 100 clients the company enjoys a very good market share. The company enjoyed this monopoly for around 20 years as of now. This lack of competition has caused the owners not to make major investments into the business. However, SDG Public Limited company, a Goa based company in the same business, have recently opened their operations in North India to compete with ICT Resources. The owners at ICT Resources have undergone a strategic re-engineering process that identified ways to increase profits by improving the efficiency of internal processes and making more use of recycled post consumer paper in the production of new paper products. In the re-engineering process the company have also felt the competition with SDG Company and decided to reinvest a good amount of money in the company to compete with SDG. ICT plans to run a distance learning program that will train its employees to conserve raw materials and use recycled products. They want their offices to be equipped with LCD projectors, microphones, audio devices, video camera, printers and computers that are interconnected within the office through a network so that they could train their employees via video conferences etc. They also plan to increase their revenue by providing training to other firms in the same business through distance learning programs (video conferences etc). The company has also plans to automate their processes by introducing a financial modeling system, a manufacturing support system, the sales order-entry and tracking system, and the graphics production system. The ICT Resources Company plans to widen their operations by opening new offices at other locations in North India for 2009. They also want the offices to be connected to each other through a network. This technology adoption would help the company gain a leading edge over SDG Company and preserve its market share and dominance.

Amit Kumar (BF0582201)

APIIT SD INDIA

HSSN Individual Assignment

Case Study

The main business goals for ICT Resources for the network design project are: 1. Provide a network that will let employees share ideas in how to conserve raw materials and use recycled products. 2. Increase Profits by implementing a WAN network that will accomplish the goals of distance learning program. 3. Increase revenue by providing training to other firms through distance learning program. 4. Increase efficiency by introducing a financial modeling system, a manufacturing support system, the sales order-entry and tracking system, and the graphics production system. The main technical goals for ICT Resources for the network design project are: 1. Design a network that can support high bandwidth applications. 2. Design a network that can support voice traffic. 3. Design a network that is available all the time. At least in 99% of the time.. 4. Provide a network that offers a response time of 1/10 of a second for interactive applications. 5. Design a LAN that can connect every computer to each other for local purposes. 6. Design a WAN where users on a LAN in a certain location/site can communicate to the other LAN on another location/site.

Network Applications The distance-learning application will use a two-way compressed digital video service based on the H.320 standards for videoconferencing. Each location/site with a training room will be equipped with a LCD projector, video camera, microphones, audio devices and coder-decoder (codec) to convert from analog to digital signals. Both synchronous and asynchronous distance learning will be supported. With synchronous distance learning, remote employees from ICT and other firms attend classes taught by instructors at New Delhi Headquarters or other locations/sites in "real time." With asynchronous distance learning, employees can check out a video class from a video server at New Delhi headquarter and have the video transmitted to their location/site.

Amit Kumar (BF0582201)

APIIT SD INDIA

HSSN Individual Assignment

Case Study

Other applications that will be used on the network as planned by the software consultant who is hired by the ICT Resources Company are: 1. The manufacturing support system is a terminal/host SNA application that runs on a mainframe in New Delhi. Manufacturing schedules and work orders are tracked by the system. Members of the various manufacturing departments access the system from their PCs via TCP/IP-SNA gateways. This system is considered critical to ICT Resources Companys mission to deliver products by the dates that were promised to customers. 2. The financial modeling system runs on TCP/IP and makes use of an Oracle database that is installed on a UNIX machine in New Delhi. Financial analysts will use applications on their PCs to access this system. 3. The sales order-entry and tracking system runs on Novell NetWare Servers. Sales personal use their Pc to access this system. 4. The graphics production system runs on Macintosh Computers and uses AppleShare servers and printers. 5. The employees use network from their PC to access e-mail, web browsing, printing, file sharing etc. These applications use TCP/IP and NetBIOS over TCP. 6. The employees share files locally in a LAN User Communities: User Community Name Headquarters Office Paper manufacturing and sales Newsprint, cartons and boxes manufacturing and sales Other smaller manufacturing units Table 1.1 showing the view of the user communities at ICT Resource Company 35 Jaipur All 39 Chandigarh All Size of community (No of Users) 40 36 Location of Community New Delhi Lucknow Applications Used by Community All All

Amit Kumar (BF0582201)

APIIT SD INDIA

HSSN Individual Assignment

Case Study

Data Stores: Data Store Location Application(s) Used by User Community (or Mainframe Unix File Servers New Delhi Two in New Delhi (one for backup) AppleShare Servers Novell Servers New Delhi Chandigarh New Delhi, Jaipur, Chandigarh, Video Server Lucknow New Delhi Sales order -entry and tracking system Distance Learning Graphics production Manufacturing Support system Financial Modeling communities) All manufacturing locations/sites Department of Finance in New Delhi, Jaipur, Lucknow and Chandigarh Department of Graphics in New Delhi and Chandigarh Department of sales in New Delhi, Jaipur, Lucknow, Chandigarh All

Table1.2 showing the data store at ICT Resource Company

Network Design: Networks and Internet Connection

Amit Kumar (BF0582201)

APIIT SD INDIA

HSSN Individual Assignment

Case Study

A network is an interconnected collection of autonomous computers. Two computers are said to be connected if they are able of exchanging information. A network allows computer users share computer equipment and programs, messages and the information available at one site to another. Internet is considered to have the following characteristics: A complex network Disorganized: internet can be cumbersome and confusing even for experienced users. A Decentralized System: millions of individual network Widely used: more than 147 million people use the internet Dynamic: changes every minute of everyday

Advantage and Disadvantage of having a network Advantages: Easy File Sharing Sharing of computer peripherals like printers, storage devices. Improve communication speed and accuracy Time Saving Increased efficiency Disadvantages: Work will depend on the availability of Network As the network grows managing it becomes a tuff job Users who dont like to share private data may face some problem Transmission Media Twisted pair has been used as the transmission media. Fig A shows its Advantages and disadvantages:

Advantages

Disadvantages

Low cost Easy to install Often available in existing phone systems Allows for flexible configuration Amit Kumar (BF0582201)

Susceptible to RFI and EMI Not as durable as Coax Does not support as high a speed as other media

APIIT SD INDIA

HSSN Individual Assignment Well tested and easy to get

Case Study

Length of run is limited when compared to Coax Fig A showing advantages and disadvantages of Twisted Pair

Expected Problems 1. Security: 2. Firewall 3. Trafficking 4. Server Crash LAN design for ICT Resources Company Network Architecture Client- Server Architecture is used Topology Used Star topology was selected because it has a central node to which all the other nodes are connected by a single path. The building is wired with a star network, faced cables radiate out from the center to intermediate concentration points called wiring closets. This allows sufficient to be provided in the area, while providing flexibility in their allocation within that area.

Fig B showing star topology

Advantages of star: 1. Simple Access Protocols 2. Centralized control/problem diagnosis 3. One device per connection: Disconnection of one node does not affect the the fully functional network 4. Flexible

Amit Kumar (BF0582201)

APIIT SD INDIA

HSSN Individual Assignment Protocol used TCP/IP protocol has been used. It has two major components 1. Internet Protocol (IP) a. Envelopes and addresses the data

Case Study

b. Enables the network to read the envelop and forward the data to its destination c. Defines how much data an fit in a single envelope (packet) 2. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) a. Breaks data into packets that the network can handle efficiently b. Verifies that all the pakets arrive at their destination c. Reassembles the data There are two types of cabling schemes possible in designing a LAN :

A centralized cabling scheme terminates most or all of the cable runs in one area of the design environment. A star topology is an example of a centralized system. A distributed cabling scheme terminates cable runs throughout the design environment. Ring, bus, and tree topologies are examples of distributed systems.

For implementing LAN at New Delhi Headquarters a centralized cabling scheme has been used as shown in the Fig1.1

Amit Kumar (BF0582201)

APIIT SD INDIA

10

HSSN Individual Assignment

Case Study

Fig1.1 Showing the centralized Buidling- Cabling Topology

Amit Kumar (BF0582201)

APIIT SD INDIA

11

HSSN Individual Assignment WAN Design for ICT Resources Company

Case Study

A decision table was used to as a part of design process to come up with a solution for ICT Resources Company. Their major and critical goals were used to evaluate the potential options. Critical Goals For WAN Technology Response time of Availability must be The short- and long1/10 of a second for 99.98 percent or term costs for interactive higher operating the WAN applications must be contained ISDN x Frame Relay x x Ethernet Over ATM x x x ATM x x SONET x x Table1.3 showing the decision table used to select Wan Technologies After analyzing business and technical goals, and analyzing the options available from the WAN service providers in the area, it was decided to implement Ethernet over ATM. This choice will keep costs low and benefit from the QoS features of ATM. Frame Relay was seriously considered, but Ethernet over ATM was selected instead of Frame Relay because ATM was specifically designed to handle environments with diverse applications, such as the delay-sensitive videoconferencing and interactive manufacturingsupport and financial-modeling applications at ICT Resource Company. ABS Network has been selected as the service provider. The provider was selected on the following basis: A proven history of supplying highly reliable ATM services to customers Excellent pricing for Ethernet over ATM that was comparable in price to the cost of adding numerous 64-Kbps circuits to meet capacity requirements 24*7 support system

Amit Kumar (BF0582201)

APIIT SD INDIA

12

HSSN Individual Assignment

Case Study

The Wan Network is shown in Fig1.2

There are four routers at four locations/sites that provide superior packets-per-second throughput, high-availability features, and support for optimization features. The requirements of the ICT Resources Company have been kept in mind and arrangements for video conferencing have been implemented. ICT also considered support for voice traffic in their router selection. In the future, the PBXs at each site will be connected to the router and ICT's separate voice network will be dismantled. All voice, data, and video traffic will traverse the Ethernet over ATM network. This will simplify the topology of the current voice/data network and facilitate manageability. It will also allow ICT to reduce the costs of operating separate data and voice networks and realize a quick return on the investment for the new equipment. Project Budget: The following table shows the budget for the overall project to be implemented Details No of units Price per unit (Rs) Total Price (Rs)

Amit Kumar (BF0582201)

APIIT SD INDIA

13

HSSN Individual Assignment Router Switches Unix File Servers AppleShare Servers Novell Server Video Server ATM WAN Switches LCD Projectors Microphones Audio Devises UTP CAT 5 lan cables Video Cameras Pbx Macintosh Computer Dell Computers RJ45 connectors ISPs ATM network Labor Print Server Fax Total 4 12 2 1 1 1 4 4 8 4 2800 meters 1 1 8 142 400 1 month 300hrs 8 4 8000 15000 20000 75000 75000 80000 20000 19000 2000 2000 6500 (per 2800 m) 10000 2000 30000 22000 2 25000 200 12000 3000

Case Study 64000 180000 40000 75000 75000 80000 80000 76000 16000 8000 6500 10000 2000 240000 3124000 800 25000 60000 96000 12000 4270300

Amit Kumar (BF0582201)

APIIT SD INDIA

14

HSSN Individual Assignment References:

Case Study

1. Oppenheimer, P. Top-Down Network Design, 2nd Edition Indianapolis, IN 46240 USA Cisco. Press;2004 2. Berkowitz, H. WAN Survival Guide. New York, New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2001. 3. Tanenbaum, A. S. Computer Networks, 4th ed. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Inc.; 2002. 4. Forouzan, B. A. Data Communications and Networking, 2nd Edition. New York, New York: McGraw-Hill, 2001. 5. Hines, Annlee A. Planning for Survivable Networks. New York, New York: Wiley Publishing, Inc.; 2003. 6. Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Request For Comments (RFCs). Refer to www.rfc-editor.org/ for the latest standards and draft standards. [Accessed on 5th April 2008] 7. McCabe, J. D. Network Analysis, Architecture and Design, 2nd ed. San Francisco, California: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc.; 2003. 8. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. The 802 Standards for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks. Refer to www.ieee.org for the latest standards.[Accessed on 4th April] 9. Gamefidelity2.jpg http://www.acm.org/crossroads/xrds121/gfx/GamestateFidelity2.jpg [Accessed on March 6, 2008] 10. Sahoo R. Saraswati Computer Science With C++. 4th Edition New Delhi, Saraswati House Ltd 2004 11. Jain S, Jain S. O Level Made Simple Inernet And Web Design, 1st Edition New Delhi BPB Publications, 2003

Amit Kumar (BF0582201)

APIIT SD INDIA

15

HSSN Individual Assignment

Case Study

GANTT CHART

Amit Kumar (BF0582201)

APIIT SD INDIA

16

HSSN Individual Assignment

Case Study

Amit Kumar (BF0582201)

APIIT SD INDIA

17

HSSN Individual Assignment

Case Study

APPENDIX

Amit Kumar (BF0582201)

APIIT SD INDIA

18