DescriptionofParameterCalculator

Tousethiscalculator,youwillneedtodownloadthefree"Mathplayer"programfromtheMathematica
websiteathttp://www.wolfram.com/products/player/
Thiscalculatorprovidesgraphsofavarietyofimportanttransistorparameters(asafunctionofrelevant
SPICEparameterswiththeexceptionofPtf,plustheDCoperatingpoint)alongwithanactuallynumber
foraparticularoperatingpoint.Thisnumberisshowninthetitleofthegraph.AlloftherelevantSPICE
parametersareadjustablebyslidercontrolsand/orbydirectlytypinginthevalue.Thiscalculatorispre
loadedwiththeSPICEparametersforanNE851M03transistor.
TheoperatingpointissetbytheslidercontrolsicandVce.Thevalueforaparticularparameterata
particularoperatingpointisgivenintheTitleofthegraph.Forexample,iftheplotisoff
t
,thenthetitle
willcontainthef
t
ofthedevicewhenoperatedatacollectorcurrentvalueoficandavoltagecollector
toemitterofVce.Theplotitselfwillbef
t
plottedagainsticatanoperatingvoltageofVce.
Youwillobservethatcertainparametersdevelopanimaginarycomponentforcertainvaluesoficand
Vce.ThisisbecausemorevoltageisdroppedacrossinternalresistorsofRcandRebthanisavailableand
thedeviceiseffectivelyinsaturation.
Therearetwoparameters,IcminPandIcmaxPthatareusedtosettheminimumandmaximumvaluesof
collectorcurrentonthegraph.Thisisusefulforzeroinginonaparticularvalueofcollectorcurrent.
ThebuttonlabeledPlottypehastwomodes;LogLogandLogLinear.Forsomeofthegraphs,this
selectionwillchangethegraphfromaLogLogPlottoaLogLinearPlot.Whenusedinconjunctionwith
IcminPandIcmaxP,thegraphcanbenarrowedtoarangeandthevaluescanbeeasilyread.
ThesliderlabeledResetsthevalueofanexternalresistorintheemitter(suchaswouldbedoneto
controlthegainofanactualamplifier).ItisusedtodeterminethevalueofCe.

Individualgraphsareselectedbyadropdownmenulabeledplot.Availablegraphsinclude:
1) f
t
plottedagainstcollectorcurrent(I
c
)withV
ce
adjustablethroughtheuseofaslidercontrol(or
bydirectlytypinginthedesiredvalue).
f
t
istheTransitionFrequencyandisthefrequencyatwhichthetransistorcurrentgainbecomes
unity.
2) T
t
plottedagainstcollectorcurrent(I
c
)withV
ce
adjustablethroughtheuseofaslidercontrol(or
bydirectlytypinginthedesiredvalue).
I
t
=
1
2n]
t
Itisacommonlyusedparameterinhighfrequencydesign.
3) C
jc
plottedagainstVoltageCollectortoEmitter(V
ce
)withI
c
adjustablethroughtheuseofaslider
control(orbydirectlytypinginthedesiredvalue).Normallythisparameteriscalculatedasa
functionofV
bc
(voltagebasetocollector),butV
bc
isnotalwayseasilydetermined.Thiscalculator
allowsyoutoenterV
ce
anditcalculatesV
bc
bysubtractingV
be
(Voltagebasetoemitter)fromV
ce
.
C
jc
isthejunctioncapacitancebetweenthebaseandcollectorwhenthejunctionisreverse
biased.Itisaparameterthatisfrequentlythedetermininglimitationforbandwidth.This
calculatorassumesthatthereisnoresistanceinthecollectorandthereforenovoltagegainto
createaMillereffectmultiplier.
4) V
be
(VoltageBasetoEmitter)plottedagainstcollectorcurrent(I
c
).
5) C

plottedagainstcollectorcurrent(I
c
)withV
ce
adjustablethroughtheuseofaslidercontrol(or
bydirectlytypinginthedesiredvalue).Thisisthecapacitancebetweenthebaseandemitterfor
thehighfrequencylinearmodel.

C
[
= g
m
I
t
Wheie g
m
=
I
c
v
t

V
t
isthethermalvoltageandisequalto26mvatroomtemperature.
6) V
bc
(VoltageCollectortoBase)plottedagainstVoltageCollectortoEmitter(V
ce
)withI
c

adjustablethroughtheuseofaslidercontrol(orbydirectlytypinginthedesiredvalue).
7) C
bt
plottedagainstcollectorcurrent(I
c
)withV
ce
adjustablethroughtheuseofaslidercontrol(or
bydirectlytypinginthedesiredvalue).
C
bt
istheseriescombinationofC

withC
eb
.C
eb
isthecapacitancereflectedintothebasebecause
oftheemitterbulkresistance(calledReinSPICE,butwhatIhaverenamedasR
eb
becauseof
confusionwithexternallyaddedemitterresistorsandwiththeMathematicafunctionRefor
Real.C
bt
isonestepclosertodeterminingtheinputcapacitancetoanamplifier.
C
cb
=
1
t
R
cb
;C
bt
=
1
t
R
cb
+
1
g
m

8) C
e
plottedagainstcollectorcurrent(I
c
)withV
ce
adjustablethroughtheuseofaslidercontrol(or
bydirectlytypinginthedesiredvalue).
Foradifferenceamplifier,thegainissetbyanemitterresistance(R
e
).Inordertoeliminate
negativeelementsinthebaseandinfacttocreateaspureacapacitorinthebaseaspossible,R
e

isparalleledwithacapacitorofvalueC
e
.TherequiredvalueofC
e
isC
1
c
=
t
R
c
.WhenC
e
isequalto
thisvalue,itreflectsavalueofC
e
inserieswithC
bt
intothebase.
9) C
in
plottedagainstcollectorcurrent(I
c
)withV
ce
adjustablethroughtheuseofaslidercontrol(or
bydirectlytypinginthedesiredvalue).
C
in
istheseriescombinationofC
e
andC
bt
.ItisequaltoC
n
=
1
t
R
cb
+
1
g
m
+R
c

10) lethroughtheuseofaslidercontrol(or
bydirectlytypinginthedesiredvalue).
C
t
plottedagainstcollectorcurrent(I
c
)withV
ce
adjustab
C
t
isthetotalcapacitanceseeninthebase.ItisthesumofC
in
andC
bc
.