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VOLUME 2 ISSUE-3 A Leap Towards Stars NOVEMBER 2007

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Cover Story
Social Networking Websites
Guest Column
Governace and Right to Information
Letter from the Editor
Our team is at (es-prit de corps) after overwhelming
COVER STORY response from our readers. We received your
=Social Networking Sites appreciations, opinions and suggestions, and as a
- A Survey responsible journal we will try our best to maintain the
=The Good, The Bad &The Ugly rich ingredients of the magazine.
GUEST COLUMN It's not surprising that social-networking Web sites such
=Good Governance and Right as Orkut.com, Facebook.com and MySpace.com are all
to Information the craze among today's youth — but those same hard-
partying young people might be only aware of the good
STORY part of such sites. In this issue we have researched and
=An old Lady and A Peepal surveyed on such sites and tried our best to explore and
Tree bring out the bad and the ugly side.

=Tkk,Wa rks tk,W a dgkWa There are lots of homeless, marginalised people living in
our society like living in “hell”!As they have been in this
THE REAL HERO town from last four decades but still they are not
=lqnfe;k nsoh considered as a part of it. A ‘Mushar’ community has
been forcibly displaced from a place where they have
been living for hundred years, by a local goon with the
help of local police.
Editor:
Jitendra Choubey From this issue we will present a series of essays on these
homeless people.
Designing and Layout:
Faroghe Azzam “Information is Power”, so acquaint and empower
Marketing Manager
yourself. It is our right to know everything about
Ravi government activities. Since 1947, this is first time
citizens of India have got a Right that can be used as a
Printed at:
weapon in taking out information from the government.
Ravi Offset PVT. LTD. Therefore, it is essential for us to know how to use such
0612-2301504
weapon.
Filming and Tracing at:
Digital Film Makers As certain weaknesses already being surfaced in the last
9334629978 issue, we have tried our best to improve ourselves and
Contribution amount: 10 rupees minimise the shortcomings.
only
Happy Reading Folks!!!
Previous Issue
The heading of the Informative and evidence-based. Grass root
magazine is effort. Kudos to the writer for the effort,
excellent.Vocabul- enthusiasm and foresight for this article
ary is good and Best wishes to Samar!
easy to understand
language is simple Manizah
yet flourished.
Description is eye
catching. Articles lkFkZd dksf'k'k
in the magazine are
informative. I tc geus ^^lej ** laikndh; va'k i<k rks yxk dh vkt ds
really appreciate Hkwdafir ifjos'k esa ;qok eu%fLFkrh ftles ldkjkRed vkSj
the concern of the l`tukRed fparu izLQqfVr dj lHkh ekuoh; xq.kksa dks Iykfor
students towards the suffering of the people. djuk gh ugha oju thou ds la/k"kZiw.kZ lkFkZd vuqHkoksa ls
How they are passing through agony. Pictures
given in the magazine should be more clear.
O;fDr ] lekt ,oa lEiw.kZ ekuork dks viuh vuqHkwfr ls
Jagdish Sahni’s work was courageous. He iqf"ir djuk gS A LkkFkZd ys[ku iz;kl dh iz'kalk djrk gwWa tks
should be nationally awarded. lnSo lqxaf/kr jgssxh A
I extend hearty thanks to Samar Magazine for
the wonderful work. vos/k'k >k
Samar has brought all of us from the darkness to
the light.
lgjlk

Mrs Ragini ck<+ dh foHkh"kdk dks uk dSejs esa dSn fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj
Faculty member uk 'kCnks esa O;Dr fd;k tk ldrk gS A ck<+ D;k gS vkSj bldk
LN Mishra Institute, Patna vkuk ;k gksuk D;k gS ] ;s oks gha crk ldrsa gSa tks Hkw[ks & I;kls
ikuh esa vius cgrs vkf'k;kus dks nwljs txg ys tkus dh
Nice to see someone coming up with such
relevant issues regarding our state “BIHAR”.
ukdke dksf'k'k djrs jgrsa gSa A ;k fQj oks crk ldrsa gSa tks
The issues which otherwise go unnoticed. Keep ljdkjh lkgsc gS ¼!½ D;ksafd mUgha dk fn;k gqvk vkadM+k gj
up the good effort! txg Nirk gS] ppkZ dk fo"k; curk gS !!! cdokl ----------
dgus dh t:jr ugha exj dHkh & dHkh vdsyh vkokt izsj.kk
Anugya Sudan cu tkrh gS A ^lej* dk ^;ax tsujs'ku* ds ^vuvos;j ekabM*
ds fo:} ^lej* ljkguh; gS vkSj eq>s iwjh mEehn gS ;g
What really impressed me was the topic covered vkokt izsj.kk cudj gha ne ysxh A
in this issue. A youth magazine generally starts
with hot topics which attracts everyone but
Samar chose the different route. Great job!! _pk jes'k
looking forward for the next edition of Samar. yfyr ukjk;.k feJk laLFkku ]
IkVuk
Manawwer
Kindly mail your feedback on the prescribed address:
Mailing address: Samar, Abdin House, Fraser Road, Patna - 1
E-mail: Samar_themagazine@yahoo.co.in
Visit us at: www.mysamar.blogspot.com
COVER STORY
Social Networking Sites
-A Survey
ZAHEEB AJMAL
This month Samar conducted a survey on Social Networking. We questioned students from
various schools and locality of Patna. We selected the students of 15-21 age groups, as we all
know these teenagers are more computer savvy than any other age group. We collected some
interesting facts which we want to share with you. This survey was conducted by Zaheeb
Ajmal andAdil.

T he first question was that “Have you heard the


name of Orkut, Youtube, Facebook or any
other social networking site?” We got the response
Have you heard about Orkut,
Youtube, Facebook or any other
as expected, only 20% have not heard about these social networking sites?
sites, rest of the 80% were very familiar to these
sites. It means that computer and internet is
rapidly influencing the lives of people. An No
important point which is mentionable that many 20%
answers which were reported in NO was from the
female students in majority.
Yes
The second questions which was placed in front of 80%
these students that “How often do you visit these
networking sites?” The answer was unexpected
because out of every 10 person 6 of them visit
these sites 3 times a week. We can draw inference
from this data that how people are getting more
and more attached day by day with the computer Whether your friend on social
and its fascinating world of worldwide web. networking sites are more liberal,
political or social than those among
Notably one of the responders told us that he visits your circle?
social networks sites 50 times a week
(whopping!!).

The next question asked was “How many friends


do you have in your profile?” Out of every 10
students approached, 5 were having friends over
15. Some answers to these questions were
interesting as a student reveals that he visits social
networking sites 50 times a week and he is having
just 4 friends in his profile.
The next question asked was that “Whether your
friends on social networking are more
open/political/social than those among your

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friend circle?” 50% of the students think that
there friends are not more open/political/social. Can't
But 25% do think that they are more say
open/political/social. (Rest of them can't say). 25% Yes
This result means people on social networks try 25%
to be as they are. They don't superimpose their
new character over real character. So one can
determine other's character on these networks.
No 50%
The next question asked was that “Whether
visiting these sites affects your personality
badly, if yes then how?” The answer to this
questions was straightforward as 50 % of them
said no it doesn't affects their personality but Whether visiting these sites affects your
25% who thought yes their personality gets bad personality badily, if yes then how
effects said they get more addicted towards
drugs and negative thinking. (Rest can't say) We
can draw an inference from it that people whose
life is influenced by these sites are creating
danger for their own lives which can
consequently result in death.

The next question asked was that “Whether it


enhances your intelligence, if yes then how?”
the response was good as 50% of them thought
that it is a channel through which we talk to other
types of people and know about different types
of people who has new idea and thinking. 25%
of them think that it in no way enhances our
intelligence. (Rest can't say). We can have an
inference from it that majority of the students Whether it enhances your intellegence,
are thinking that it is a channel for knowledge if yes then, how
sharing.

The other question put up by Samar was that


“Do you face any kind of character
assassination?” 50% of them said that they do
not face any kind of character assassination.
25% of them thought yes they face but were
unable to explain how, i.e, there are person who
plays a negative part in social networks instead
of real life or reel life.

The 8th question asked was “Do you think


people on these networks are more open than of
general locality or society?” The responses to
this question were mixed as not expected. 43%
said yes they are more liberal as 57% thought Do you face any kind of character
that they are not liberal. We can say that majority assassination?

4
of the public thinks that the people on social
networking sites are more open . Do you think people on these
networks are more open than
general society?
The next question was a corollary to the
previous one “If yes whether they are more
liberal than required?” The response to this
question was good as 66% think no they are not
more liberal than required whereas 33% think
yes they are more liberal than required. That
means majority of the students think that they
are as they are.

The question 10th asked to the students was that


“Whether you feel it is a channel to vent out your
hidden emotions or thinking?” 50% of the
person thinks that no it should not be that we
should maintain privacy. Whereas 40% of them If yes whether they are more
think yes it is a channel to express emotions. liberal than more required?
(Rest can't say). It suggests that although there
are people who want to maintain privacy and be
personal but there are persons who want to chat
about their personal life to a person whom they
don't know.

The next question was in accordance with the


10th one “If yes do you think it is fair to express
something on these network which you do not
say generally among your circle?” The response
which we got was a good one as 70% said it is
fair to express whereas 30% said no it is not fair.
Whether you feel it is a channel to
vent out your hidden emotions or
The last question asked was “Do you think
social networking is crossing the barriers of
social decency? If yes, how? If no, how?” 50%
of the persons thought - yes social network is
crossing the barriers of social decency and their
reasons were decent as one of them said it
reveals our privacy it makes it public nothing
remains private. It is a place where murder plan
are also decided as it happened in the case of
Adnan .And 38% said no it is not crossing
decency limit for it is a place where we interact
with our near and dear ones rest 12% said that
they are not sure whether there is breach in
decency limit regarding these networking sites.

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If yes do you think it is fair to express Do you think social networking is crossing
something on these which you do not say the barriers of social decency ? If yes, then

Conclusion: very easy to cross those lines since there is no


accountability check.
We all know that Orkut, facebook, and other Propensity towards social networking sites
social networking website are helping people in female respondents found to be low.
to find their lost friends around the globe. But Although women are more compatible in
it seems that the general mass(specially socialising themselves in their vicinity but
teenagers) use these networks to channelise perhaps due to less mobility and lesser
their depressed desires to larger and global accessibility to technology and internet their
community comprising of people of various answers are more negative comparing to their
interest and faculties. male counterparts. If this survey would have
been conducted in metropolitans then
Although all the users are comfortable with perhaps more females have answered in YES
their respective communities but they feel than NO and then their percentage would
that some time it becomes difficult to have gone higher.
maintain the decency parameter because it is

“ Catching them Young”


Percentage of Orkut users on the basis of age
(Courtesy - Orkut)

The graphics shown above clearly depicts that most number of users of these sites belong to 18-25 it means

more the young more the fascination. The statistics show that 18-25 group captures 61% of total users and

rest of them add to 39%. Clearly, the bottomline is that these sites come in the domain of school and college

going youths.

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COVER STORY
The Good
The Bad &
The Ugly
FAROGHE AZZAM
Social networking sites are very popular among youths. This year Orkut has been
awarded as MTV youth icon for the year 2007. Though it does not contain nicotine or any
other supplement but it is an addiction. Though it was formed with an objective to
socialise but it has more darker side that is untold. This article throws some light on the
good, the bad and the ugly of such sites.

Y our neighbour is a bullshit and you


wanna kill him? You wanna be rich?
You need power? You wanna be loved? Sex
to serve vested interests by a particular
section of the society operating numbers of
communities and videos related to hatred,
or BDSM, pin-up ******? Destroy all sex, devil and so on.
your ****** enemies? One of seven
capital sins? Nobody on Orkut is your The concept of social networking websites
friend? Tell me what you want and sign for emerged in 1995. The first social
your soul. I am your best friend...Your networking website was Classmates.com.
wish: ...Your name: ... [Inferno Customer Other sites followed, including Freindster,
Relationship Management] Our jingle is MySpace, Facebook, Orkut, Hi5, and so on.
"Ready to serve our customers!" ” says a Gradually the social networking sites
community named 'Ask the Devil' having became very popular among teens. The
over 7,000 members owned by Daniele concept of online social networking came
Medri on Orkut. Search 'Happy slapping' on forth by west, emerged in USA and
YouTube and you can find numbers of outspread the whole world. As per the
videos that encourage violence and bullying demographic data available on net portal,
amongst teenagers, who were filming fights USA has the largest number of users of such
on their mobile phones. These two are just a websites. However the users in India have
few of the instances that openly accost and increased massively. Orkut was born in
encourage violence on social networking 2004 and was introduced in India in
sites. This is a simple observation of the February 2006. India is the third largest user
exhausting social and human values of Orkut preceded by Brazil and USA at the
wherein a public platform is being misused second spot. The massive numbers of
children as its user, it is a tough job for their
guardian to prevent their children from
using such sites.

“I Hate Myself And Want To Die...” says a


community which has around 1,300
members. Another community named 'I
HATE PAKISTAN WHAT ABOUT U ?'
says 'Doodh mangoge to kheer denge!

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Par kasmir mangoge to cheer dege!!' in
reply a community was started by a Pakistani
user whose community 'I HATE INDIA
AND WHAT ABOUT U?' says ' INDIA
SUCKS!!!!!!!! THIS IS THE PAKISTANI
ANSWER TO THE COMMUNITY 'I HATE
PAKISTAN AND WHAT ABOUT U' JUST
TO LET THE LEVEL HEADED INDIANS
KNOW WE DID'NT DRAW THE FIRST
BLOOD....'. there are over 2000 members in
such communities. These are mere few definition fun...i am open for phone sex…so
examples of hatred on Orkut. Due to easy girls don't think too much jus message me to
accessibility and various hate groups Orkut is get my personal no.” says the profile of
facing controversies. Several hate hunk4u on Hi5. “I m d 1 u were looking for.
communities focused on racism, Nazism, and Ready to do anything if u make me feel like a
white supremacy has been deleted due to ****!!! I like it hot n wild n I love to be
guideline violation. However the number of abused. I love to do all kinky things...n I love
these communities and profiles has not to be touched in public. So wat r u waiting
stopped growing because they can be very for???? Come n get me. I m all urs” reads the
easily created and it is hard for Orkut to check profile of a user, Anamika Shinde on Orkut.
them. Anti-religion, anti-national, and anti- The social networking websites are often
ethnic hate groups have also been spotted. misused by the users. As the number of online
networking users increased, there was a rise in
According to Wikipedia Encyclopedia “In the number of fake and clone profiles. Several
2005, various cases of racism were denounced users want to satisfy their unfulfilled wants
to police and reported in the Brazilian media. through net. There are more than 1000
In 2006, a judicial measure was opened by the communities related to sex. Presently these
Brazil federal justice denouncing a 20-year- social networking sites have open online
old student accused of racism against Black sexual transactions which have diverse effect
people and spreading defamatory content on on the psyche of the vulnerable lot.
Orkut. Brazilian Federal Justice subpoenaed
Google on March 2006 to explain the crimes Several users are advertising them through the
that had occurred in Orkut.” gay, lesbian and bisexual communities. They
offer services for sexual pleasure at amounts
Same message is passed by an online video ranging from 2 to 5,000. What they need is
sharing site named Youtube.com. Violent contact number; they exchange numbers
videos are frequently uploaded by the users through private messages. Beside, bare
like happy slapping, fighting girls and so on. images and uncouth language the evil has
Most of the videos are captured by the mobile clutched communities of schools in trying to
camera. However some users use flash and lure young students into its trap. “I was
assemble the photos to upload it. Both you shocked to know that somebody has created a
tube and Orkut is owned by Google and on its fake profile of mine that has bare picture, my
3rd birthday Orkut was redesigned, from then real contact number and my real address. I
users of Orkut can share their video. Orkut and don't use that number anymore” says a young
many social networking sites are now student of Notre DameAcademy in Patna.
available in BETAversion.
The fever of social networking is spreading
“hey this is hot Indian….single and ready to like an epidemic disease. The child can be
mingle…the real sex guru and know the real infected anytime anywhere where net is

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available. Nevertheless these social it is very unfortunate and despicable to see
networking sites are blocked in many Islamic that people use it for pervert purposes. At the
countries. As they say, this is due to national initial stage you get enthusiastic but after
security issues, as users have the ability to certain time you start ignoring your friends. I
spread wrong messages rapidly, but the was seriously addicted to Orkut, I left it
government says ethical laws of Islam do not because of over communication” says a
allow any person to date and match making. student of Western International university,
However, in UAE this block was later Rasshad Khan. This is one case and very few
removed in October 2006. Thailand and people like Rasshad has an ability of self-
Brazil are another two countries to block realization.
these sites. Brazil blocked only YouTube.
The issue raised in Brazil when a Brazilian “i wanna die ... please help me!!!! hello
model and MTV VJ Daniela Cicarelli was evry1.... i want 2 commit suicide... please giv
captured by a freelance photographer while me the most difficult way to commit a
making love with her boyfriend and later the suicide... i wnt matter if it is difficult.. coz i
video was uploaded on YouTube. She sued want to die...” says a user with a profile
YouTube and the court gave judgment in her name waiting for life. “The most difficult
favour and ordered YouTube to be blocked in way to commit suicide is 'to live a long life'...
Brazil until all copies of the video are Go for it... At last, you will die by old age...”
removed. replies Amrit in the same thread in the
community called Suicide, which has almost
Many schools, institutions, offices and 6,000 members, which had 274 members in
public libraries in the United States, United February 2007. There are several other
Kingdom and Australia have restricted communities related to suicide. These
access to these sites because it has become communities encourage people to commit
such a haven for student vicious gossip and suicide and the members discuss about the
malicious comments. This step was alternative methods of committing suicide.
subsequently followed by the institutions in
India, Pakistan, Turkey and many more. I In the last few months many new social
asked a student of Engineering about from networking websites can be spotted.
where he accesses these sites very often, he Reliance has introduced its networking site
replied in a felicitous manner “I don't need to and named it Bigadda.com (a place to hang
go cafe to access Orkut, and I pay 65,000 out with friends). Another social networking
every year to the institute, so I use the system site named Myindospace.com is gaining its
of my institute”. However, the sites like popularity in India because of its unique
Orkut are banned in that institution but facility that no social website provides and
students some how manage to unblock the that camera to camera chat. Myindospace
sites. claims itself as India's largest and fastest
growing social networking sites. The punch
“Though, these sites are meant to stay in line of the particular site says 'the world is not
touch through messages, scraps, and shouts enough', I wonder if they will open such sites
as mailing have become boring and long. But for extra terrestrial species in near future.

You can read this article online at :

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ORKUT is the Pepsi-MTV Youth Icon 2007!

The youth of India have voted 'ORKUT' - the biggest youth social
networking forum, as the undisputed winner of the Pepsi & MTV Youth
Icon 2007.

VJ Nikhil, who was rooting for ORKUT this year says, “Orkut has not only
been a mode of communication to the youth but has literally given them the
power to expand their horizons! The award is definitely well deserved,
validating Orkut's immense popularity.” Courtsey- MTV

Victims of Orkut
Kaushambi of Jharkhand
was murdered in Andheri
hotel by the guy she met on
orkut.
Young Adnan, who was kidnapped and then murdered by
his friends, was a frequent Orkut visitor and met them on
the site.

Evidence of Tripping point

Myspace

From the above table it is very clear that the popularity of such sites is increasing day by day.
Facebook and MySpace are more popular in west. The growth rate of Myspace is highest and
Facebook is at second place. The graphs shown above clearly depict the massive addition of users. In
just one year the number of users has increased worldwide. This is just a start and expected to
increase more. Banning such sites by the government will serve no real purpose as it is the human
tendency to explore ways. It is impossible for the sites owner to keep an eagle watch on such sites.
Such sites are very easily accessible. This may emerge as a serious challenge for the government,
guardians, and institutions to prevent individuals, children and students from accessing or misusing
such sites.

10
Guest Coloumn
Good Governance and
Right to Information
Prabhakar Sinha
Mr. Prabhakar Sinha is a celebrated Human Rights activist based i n Muzaffarpur, Bihar. He has
been fighting for Human Rights and Civil liberties. Currently he is national vice president of PUCL.

T here is no unanimity on the definition of


good governance which makes the phrase
meaningless in so far as it is open to multiple
colonial bureaucracy.

Expectedly, the administrative machinery


interpretations. It cannot have the same treated the new rulers as masters and the people
contemptuous of the despotic rulers of India as subjects as in the past. As it is, equality of
and were proud of the 'rule of law' they claimed man which is the very foundation of a
to have introduced in the country though no democratic system had been traditionally
colonial government can survive and achieve antithetical to the Indian mindset, which had
its goal of exploitation without oppressing the been rejecting it for centuries under its caste
people. Even the popular view admire some system. A new chasm was created by
Arab countries of controlling crime by harsh Macaulay's system of education with its
and inhuman measures like chopping of hands avowed goal for creating' a class of persons
for theft and public execution for some grave Indian in blood and colour, but English in tastes,
offences. Several Islamic countries follow the in opinions, in morals and in intellect. An
'Sharia', which contains measures which are educated Indian did not identify himself with
cruel and inhuman, but are not perceived as the uneducated common man as he does not do
such by their peoples, and enjoy wide popular so even today further hindering the growth of
support. Thus, the question what is good democratic spirit.
governance remains without a satisfactory
answer. Cosmetic changes like calling government
servants Public servants were made without
Good Governance in a democratic system any effort to bring about suitable changes in
entails, among other things, equality in their mentality and role .The real and
treatment of citizen's rights, equal respect for discernible change introduced by the new rulers
their dignity, rule of law and accountability of has been to make the bureaucracy subservient
the government ad its agencies to the governed. to themselves for using them to serve their own
Even fifty years after the adoption of a narrow interest rather the interest of society
democratic constitution, it is still a distant .Public servants have been reduced to the status
dream with little sign of its becoming a reality of personal servants of the men in power owing
in the near future. This development is not allegiance to their political masters rather then
accidental, but is a reflection of the attitude of the constitution. A number of administrative
the people who came to power after reform commissions were created, but not one
independence. Most of them were genuinely of them was set up to study the problems a
committed to India's freedom and were ready to common man faces when he interacts with the
make sacrifices for their cherished goal, but had bureaucracy at any level. There are anti
no commitment to a really democratic India. corruption laws and agencies to catch the
Catapulted to power, they were no more the culprits, but there has been no effort to curtail
underdog, and felt no need to change the the discretionary power of the public servants
oppressive system created by the British. Most by making them uncountable so that there
of the oppressive laws like the Police Act, potential to extortion is made minimal if not
Indian Penal Code and Cr.P.C etc. were retained completely eliminated. The net result is that the
along with the old mindset and role of the anti-corruption laws are absolutely ineffective,
11
while corruption at all levels is rampant and weak laws .It created a pressure which resulted
uncontrolled. in The Right to Freedom of Information bill was
The people of India, who have ever remained proposed by the NDA government, which was
under some form of authoritarian rule, are still very weak. The movement for the right to
unable to perceive themselves as the tax payers information ultimately culminated in the
who feed and clothe the public servants who enactment of the present Right to information
exist to serve them, and continue to behold them Act, 2005.
as the representatives of the ruler. They dare not
demand from a public servant even their most It is the most powerful law enacted to empower
legitimate due as a matter of right because they the people after independence. It has the
lack the confidence in absence of rule of law. potential, implemented honestly, to check
They do not feel they have a right they may corruption and make the government
assert. They are still a supplicant before public accountable to the people .Any citizen can ask
servant .The impregnable armour of secrecy and for any information from any authority
absence of accountability to the people make the including the Prime Minister and the President
bureaucracy invulnerable. whether he has any concern with it or not. No
question of locus standi can be raised nor can be
Strangely, the right to information, which is the asked any question about his purpose. An
only effective means to empower the people and applicant must only give his address for
make the government and its agencies truly communication. The definition of public
accountable to them, was given to their citizens authority is sufficiently wide to include even the
very late in the western democracies. The law on Army forces o the Supreme Court.
the right to information was enacted in 1951 in
Finland, 1970 in Denmark, 1970 in Norway, Even private bodies receiving funds from the
1989 in Britain, in 1974 in the U.S.A, 1878 in state have been brought within the ambit of the
France, 1973 in Austria, 1977 in Canada, 1978 law and made answerable. The definition of
in the Netherlands and 1978 in Australia. information brings almost everything
Initially, the demand for the right in most of imaginable within its ambit. A citizen is
those countries came from the press, which felt empowered to inspect documents, take extracts
seriously handicapped in its absence. India has a or notes, asks for photocopies, floppies, maps,
different story. images or any other mode in which the
information is kept. Public authorities must give
Here the demand for the right to information
detailed information about themselves to the
came not from the top but the bottom of the
people on their own facilitate request for
society. The poor, semi starved poor from
village in Rajasthan, suspecting that the money information. Public information officers
meant for development and relief went to the designated by the public authorities are
pockets of public servants and contractors mandated to help applicant and provide the
wanted an account which was denied. Under the information within thirty days for which a
auspices of Medora Kisan Shakti Sangathan, an request has been made. If it is about the life or
NGO headed by Aruna Roy organized a series of personal liberty of a person it must be provided
public hearings in which the government within 48 hours. He must transfer the
functionaries concerned were invited to present application to the Public Information Officer of
the account. The people sang songs saying that the concerned Public authority if the
they were not asking for gold or silver. They information sought is not in his department. If he
were not asking for a palace or delicacies (to does not give the information within thirty days,
eat); all that asked for was an account, and it would be deemed that he has refused the
photocopies of the muster roll. The movement request and he would be answerable, for it. An
led to a law passed in 2001. Earlier, laws on the applicant can appeal to the Central or State
right to information were also passed in Tamil Commission if his first appeal to the senior
Nadu (1997), Goa and Delhi but those were officer of the Public authority does not satisfy

12
him. The Information Commission is transparency of information which is vital to its
empowered to impose a fine at the rate of Rs functioning and also mentions that information
250.00 per day for delay in giving information. is required to contain corruption and to hold
The amount penalty may be as high as Rs Government and their instrumentalities
25000.00 only in case one. Officers found by the accountable to the governed.
Commission to the Persistent in their violation
of the law may be subjected to departmental Having passed the law, the Government appears
action on the recommendation of the to have developed cold feet. Most of the
Commission. In any appeal, the onus to justify Commissions in the country are headed by
their decisions is on the Public Information bureaucrats. Even where they are not headed by
Officers instead of on the applicant. To give them, they have retired bureaucrats as members.
teeth to the Commission, its recommendation Bureaucrats, as a class, are unsuitable for the job
has been made binding. The Commission is not not for lack of integrity but having spent their
to be appointed on the advice of council of whole life in the closed system, they are not
Ministers but of a committee headed by the likely to possess the mindset required for
Prime Minister/Chief Minister which could effective implementation of a law aimed at
have the leader of opposition or the leader of the transparency. The officers of the Union
largest party as a member. The second member Government refused to disclose the noting on
would be a Cabinet Minister nominated by the the file claiming exemption without any basis.
P.M/C.M. Once appointed, the Information Though the Central Commission has over ruled
Commissioners cannot be removed unless on a their objection they continue to propagate this
reference made by the President/Governor the illegal view. The Union Cabinet went to the
Supreme Court has found them guilty of proved extent of deciding to amend the Act, but
misbehaviour. The governments are mandated withdrew after a nationwide protest. Many
to educate the people as well as the public public authorities losing their cases at the
servants about the law and make serious efforts Information Commission have been knocking
for its implementation. at the doors of the High Court. The Armed
Forces and the Apex Court where reported to
To protect the interest of the nation, certain have approached the government to be
information has been exempted from this exempted from the ambit of the Act. The Act is
disclosure in the nation interest. Several an not welcomed to the public authorities
intelligent organizations has been exempted regardless of its great potentiality to make India
from its jurisdiction with a provision that a real democracy.
information about violation of Human Rights
and corruption would be given after the Information Commissions have been entrusted
approval of the Information Commission. A with the responsibility of ensuring an effective
notable feature in the Act is specific provision implementation of the Act. There can be no
that in case of a conflict between The Official appeal against their judgment nor can any court
Secret Act, 1923 and this Act, the latter would entertain a case under this Act. The Commission
prevail. Consideration the large dimension of is not merely a forum for appeal but is the sole
the law, the exemption covers a very small area authority to supervise the implementation of
and would not affect its effective used by the this law.
common man.
If the Right to information act meets the same
The Preamble of the Act to itself states that the fate several well meaning laws have met, India
right to information is necessary to 'promote would lose a great opportunity and would not
transparency and accountability in the working have good governance for a long time.
of Public authority. It is further stated that
'democracy requires an informed citizenry and
13
Tkk,Wa rks tk,W a dgkWa
fofur
bl LraHk esa ge iVuk 'kgj ds mu yksxksa dh lPph dFkk dk o.kZu dj jgs gSa ftuds ckjs esa laHkor% ikBdksa dks dksbZ tkudkjh
ugha gS A ys[kd us Loa; buds lkFk jgdj n`'; ys[k rS;kj fd;k gS A vr% bu ys[kksa esa dqN 'kCn ikBdksa ds fy, uohu Hkh gks
ldrs gSa A

j kr ds 9-30 ct jgs gS] Qzstj jksM fLFkr ckVk 'kks :e


ds lkeus okys QqVikFk ij dqN fjD'kk pkyd fnu Hkj
dke djds Fkds &ekans ] [kkuk [kk & ih dj vkjke dj jgs gaS
xjcw egrks ds vuqlkj mudh lcls T;knk fpark ?kj
dh gS A os brus o"kksZ ls iVuk es jg jgs gS ij viuk ?kj dgus
dks QqVikFk gh gS A ,d yky dkzMZ cuk gS ij vkt rd ml
A ,d ikW fyFkhu ij ,d pknj fcNkdj lHkh vkt dh ij vUu ugh feyk gS A HkkM+k ij 20 : izfrfnu ds fglkc ls
viuh dekbZ dh ckrsa dj jgs gSa A ij lHkh dks bl ckr dh fjD'kk pykrs gSa A dekbZ dHkh 70 : rks dHkh & dHkh 100
fpark gS fd ckfj'k vxj blh rjg yxkrkj dqN fnu vkSj gksrh : Hkh gks tkrh gS A ftles ls 40 & 50 : Hkkstu djus es gh
jgh rks mu yksxks dks Hkw[ks lksus dh ukScr vk tk,xh A [kpZ gks tkrk gS A
;gkW a budh la[;k ikW ap gS A buds uke gS lqjs'k th]
xjcw egrks ] jke ,dcky frokjh ] v'kksd vkSj jktfd'kksj xjcw egrks ds ikl xkW ao es dqN tehu gS
egrks A buyksxks es cgqr xgjh nksLrh gS vkSj ,d nwljs dh ftlij nwljs yksxks dk dCtk gS A budk nks csVk gS tks
enn fd;k djrs jgrs gS bues ls lwjs'k th vkSj xjcw egrks etnwjh djrk gS A vius Hkkstu ds ckjs es crk;k fd
lcls iqjkus gS A bu nksuks dh mez yxHkx 55&60 o"kZ ds ^^geyksx [kkuk QqVikFk ij [kkrs gS A cgqr eu gqvk rks ekal
chp dh gS A ;s nksuks iVuk esa yxHkx 30&35 o"kksZ ls fjD'kk & Hkkr [kk ysrs gS A Qy & Qwy rks geyksxksa ds fy, liuk ds
pykrs vk jgs gS A jke bdcky frokjh rFkk v'kksd egrks dh leku gh gS ** xjcw vius LokLF; dks ysdj T;knk fpafrr
mez 45 o"kZ rFkk jkt fd'kksj egrks dh mez 40 o"kZ gS A ;s ugh jgrs gSA dgrs gS ^^ feyk tqykdj Bhd gh jgrs gS ** ]
nksuksa 20 o"kksZ ls iVuk esa fjD'kk pyk jgs gS A 'kq: es bUgs ^^iRuh bykt ds vHkko es ej xbZ ** xjcw egrks us crk;k
viuh leL;kvksa dks crkus ls cM+h fgpfdpkgV gqbZ ij ckn es fd ^^ muds 9 cPps Fsk ftues 7 dh e`R;q chekjh ls gks xbZ A
dkQh [kqydj cksyus yxs A ljdkjh vLirky es esjs cPpksa dks ns[kus okyk dksbZ ugh Fkk A
** iqfyl ds ckjs es xjcw us crk;k fd ^^geyksx jkr es fjD'kk
14
pykrs gh ugh gS rks ijs'kkuh D;ksa gksxh \ ** xjcw us jSu ^^ge ikW ap cts ds ckn fjD'kk pykrs gh ugh gS A ** v'kksd
&clsjk ds ckjs es crk;k fd ^^;gkW a ds jSu clsjk es rks th us crk;k fd ^^,d ckj mlls 300 : Nhu fy;k Fkk A **
ncaxks dk dCtk gS ] yskx jgus ugha nsrk gS ] ihus dk ikuh ij jktfd'kksj vius dsk HkkX;'kkyh ekurk gS fd vHkh rd oks
Hkh ugh gksrk gS A geyksx b/kj fdlh nqdku ls ikuh dh bl PkDdj esa ugh iM+k gS A
O;OkLFkk dj ysrs gS A 'kkSpky; ds fy, lqyHk 'kkSpky; tkrs gS
] vkSj Luku ds fy, dHkh xaxk unh rks dgha fdlh pkikdy iqfyl ds lanHkZ es jkt fd'kksj dgrk gS fd ^^jkr
ij ugk ysrs gS A **
esa fjD'kk pykus ij dHkh idM+ dj 'kd ls iwNus yxrk gS
fd D;k dj jgs gks ! fQj xanh & xanh xkfy;kW a nsrk gS rks
jke bdcky frokjh ] lqjs'k th tksfd tUetkr
fodykax Hkh gS ] jktfd'kksj egrks vkSj bu lHkh es lcls dHkh gkFk Hkh mBk ysrk gS ekjus ds fy, ! ** v'kksd th us
;qok v'kksd th us Hkh jgus dh leL;k dks gh lcls T;knk dgk fd ^^ dHkh &dHkh vnk dnk ijs'kku djrk gh gS ** jke
izkFkfedrk fn;k A jke bdcky frokjh us dgk fd ^^bl bdcky] xjcw vkSj lqjs'k th us dgk fd ^^geyksx jkr es
cjlkr esa jkr cSBdj gh dkVuk iM+rk gS A ** fjD'kk pykrs gh ugh gS rks geyksx dks D;ksa ijs'kkuh gksxh **

jkt fd'kksj th dgrs gS fd ^^QqVikFk lksus dh ljdkj }kjk bu lHkh yksxks ds fy, cuk, x, jSu
txg gS D;k \ xkM+h &?kksM+k dk Mj ges'kk cuk jgrk gS A** clsjk ds laca/k es ,d gh tSlh jk; gS A vxj jSu clsjk
v'kksd th us jgus ds vHkko ds dkj.k viuh 'kknh vHkh rd geyksxksa dks feyk gh jgrk rks ge ;gkW a QqVikFk ij D;ks
ugh fd;k gS ! lksrs \ lqjs'kth crkrs gS fd ^^;gkW a jSu & clsjk dh
O;oLFkk Bhd ugh gS A ikuh ds fy, nwljs ds pkikdy ij tkrs
buyksxks dh viuh LokLF; leL;k dks ysdj ,d gS rks oks yskx MkW Vrk gSA** jke bdcky frokjh us dgk
tSlh gh jk; gS A lqjs'k th vius ,d iSj ls fodykax gS dgrs ^^ge yksx dks jSu clsjk feyk gh ugh A ** jkt fd'kksj th us
gS ^^geyksx vui<+ gS fQj Hkh tks MkDVj dgk ogh fd;k ] dgk ^^ jSu clsjk ij ;kno yksxksa dk dCtk gS A os yksx
eW agxh nokbZ Hkh [kjhns ysfdu fQj Hkh iRuh ej xbZ A ** bles [kVky [kksys gq, gS A v'kksd th us dgk ^^tks pkikdy
v'kksd th Hkh vius iSj dh chekjh ds dkj.k T;knk dke ugh lM+d ds fdukjs gS og [kjkc gS A ihus rd ds ikuh dk fnDdr
dj ikrs gS blfy; budh dekbZ Hkh de gS A crkrs gS ^^ gS A **
ges'kk iSj esa ikuh gks tkrk gS tSls rSls dke djrs jgrs gS A **
buyksxks dh ljdkj ls ,d vuqu; fourh gS fd
jktfd'kksj egrks vkSj jke bdcky frokjh la;ksx ls LoLFk gS
geyksxksa ds fy, jgus dh O;oLFkk ftruh tYnh gks lds dj
ij nksuks viuh &viuh iRuh ds chekjh ls vR;ar nq%[kh gS A nh tk, rkfd dqN nsj pSu ls rsk lks lds A xjcw egrks dgrs
bldk bykt os fuft vLirkyks es djok jgs gS A gS fd ^^ ljdkj ,d fjD'kk dk Hkh bartke dj nsrs rks
geyksx tSlks dk dkQh Hkyk gks tk,xk A ** lHkh dks vius
bu lHkh us ,d lkFk vlekftd rRoksa ls gksus cq<kis dh fpark gS A dgrs gS fd ^^tc 'kjhj Fkd tk,xk rks
okyh ijs'kkfu;ksa dks j[kk A jke bdcky frokjh us crk;k fd geyksx dk D;k gky gksxk A ** geyksx dks de ls de
^^yqPpk fdfle dk vkneh fjD'kk ij cSB tkrk gS vkSj iSlk B.P.L. lwph es uke rsk Mky fn;k tk, A
ekaxus ij nks pkj gkFk ekj Hkh nsrk gS A ** xjcw egrks us dgk
^^gekjk nks fjD'kk pksjh gks x;k A ,d xkW /kh eSnku Fkkuk ¼vxys vad esa 'kgj ds ,d vkSj clsjs dk n`'; ½
ds ikl ls rks nwljk dksrokyh Fkkuk ds ikl ls A dHkh dHkkj
yqPPkk & yQaxks ls ikyk iM+ gh tkrk gS A ** lqjs'k th cksys
15
vfu'k vadqj
lqnfe;k nsoh
Pkkj o"kZ iwoZ 2003 esa ] yxHkx 150 o"kksZ ls yksxksa dk dquck gS A lqnfe;k nsoh dk iwjk ifjokj tgkW &
i0 yksgkuhiwj eqlgjh es jg jgs iwjs leqnk; dks mtkM+ rgkWa ysVk gS A csVk viuh iRuh ds cxy esa ysVk gS A csVh
fn;k x;k A lqnfe;k nsoh ¼45½ mUgha tcju Hkxk, x, cPpksa dh ns[kHkky o Hkkstu idkus es O;Lr gS A jkLrs
yksxks esa ,d efgyk gS A 5&6 ihf<+;ks ls jg jgs iVuk pyus okyks ls cs[kcj ;s lHkh vius dke esa eXu gS A nks &
'kgj ds ân; esa fLFkr bl eqgYys ls vpkud vk/kh jkr pkj NksVs uUgsa uUgsa ] ihyk & xqykch eqxhZ ds cPps Qqndrs
dks LFkkuh; jktiwr lkear iIiq flag us ekj &ihV dj bu utj vkrs gS A lqnfe;k nsoh ds ifjokj ,oa vlkikl dk
yksxks dks Hkxk Mkyk A bl dke esa LFkkuh; iqfyl Hkh c<+ ekgkSy xanxh ls Hkjk gqvk] vLr O;Lr ,oa eu dks
p<+ dj fgLLkk ys jgh Fkh A ogkWa ls Hkkxdj ;g iwjk rdyhQ igqWapkus okyh xgjh mnklh dk vglkl nsrk gS A
leqnk; izfl}cq}ewfrZ ds
pkjks vksj cl x;k gS A lqnfe;k nsoh vius dqucs ds
chp FkksM+h l[r efgyk ekuh
lq n fe;k ns o h tkrh gS A gky esa laiUu gq,
ckdh eqlgjksa dh rqyuk esa uxj fuxe pquko esa og [kM+h
FkksM+h â"V iq"V efgyk gS A Hkh gqbZ Fkh A ftles reke
psgjs ij mnklh ] ruko ,oa leqnk; us c<+ p<+ dj fgLlk
[kh> dk feyk &tqyk LFkk;h fy;k Fkk A
Hkko gS A ikl esa cSBh mudh
iqrksgq ,d cPps dks nw/k lqcg ds pk; ikojksVh ds
fiyk jgh vkSj nwljs dks ckn og nksigj es 12 cts ds
f[kyk jgh gS A bZV tksM+ yxHkx Hkkstu djrh gSa ftles
dj pqYgs ij Hkkr cuk;k tk lkekU; nky] Hkkr ] lCth
jgk gS A vkl ikl dqN eSys gksrh gS ] dHkh & dHkh pVuh
& dqpSys diM+s gS ] dqN ,oa pks[kk Hkh A jkr esa Hkh ;gh
cjru gS ftldk isank dkyk dze jgrk gS A iwjs ifjokj
gks pqdk gS A ,d nks MCck ] ¼18 yksxks ½ dk Hkkstu ,d
,d lqjkgh ] 2&3 frjiky lkFk curk gS A bZV ds pqYgs
vkSj dqN vU; t:jr dh ,oa chu dj yk;s x,
phtsa gS A ydfM+;ksa lsa A ifjokj ds
vf/kdka'k cPps uaxs ] [ksyrs dwnrs ,oaa dqiks"k.k ds f'kdkj
lqnfe;k nsoh lqcg dh pk; ,oa ikojksVh uqek utj vkrs gS A ioZ R;kSgkj es ekal] eNyh ] eqxkZ cu;k
xksy dqN [kkrh gqbZ fey tkrh gS A pk; okyk mUgs vius tkrk gS ] feBkbZ de bLrseky fd;k tkrk gS A
Xykl esa pk; ugh nsrk gS A lqnfe;k nsoh dsk viuk Xykl
nsuk iM+rk gS A ifjokj dh vkenuh dk L=ksr csVs ,oa ifr }kjk
izfrfnu dek dj yk;h x;h etnwjh gS A dke ges'kk ugh
lqnfe;k nsoh dks 6 larku gS 3 yMdk ] 3 feyrk gS A fdlh rjg [kkus ihus ,oa ftank jgus yk;d
dekbZ gks ikrh gS A chekjh oxSjg dk bykt lwn ij mBk;s
yM+dh A cM+s yM+ds dh 'kknh gks pqdh gS A mls Hkh 6 x, iSls ls gksrk gS A
larku gS A nks csVh Hkh fookfgr gS A dqy feykdj 18
16
lqnfe;k nsoh dk iwjk ifjokj chekj gS A gj
fdlh dks dksbZ u dksbZ jksx gS A lnhZ &[kkalh ls ysdj bu lcds vykok iqfyl lqnfe;k nsoh ds
Vh0ch0 rd A [kqn dks gM~Mh {k; jksx ls xzLr crkrh gS A ifjokj ,oa iwjs dqucs ds fy, ,d LFkk;h vkQr cuh
ifr dks Hkh Vh-ch- gS A bykt ikl ds MkWDVj vf[kys'k jgrh gS - vHkh rhu & pkj eghus igys rd dh ,d
flag ls py jgk gS A Mk0 lkgc lqnfe;k nsoh ls Qhl /kVuk lqnfe;k nsoh crkrh gS ** iIiq flag iSlk nsds
ugh ysrs A izfrnfu 20 :i;s dh nok lqnfe;k nsoh dsk iqfyl ds Hkst gbZ - iqfyl vkds ds ekj &ihV gbZ - pqYgk
[kkuh iM+rh gS A ,d o"kZ ls bykt py jgk gS A ifr dks QksM+ nso gbZ ] rfuxks & rfuxks cPpk ds iqryk es ykr ls
Vh-ch- okyh [kkWalh gS A nqcys nsg okys mlds ifr crkrs ekj gbZ - ns[k ds jgy u tk gbZ dbZ ckj lqnfe;k nsoh
gS ^^nk: ihus ds dkj.k ,slk gks x;k vc NksM+ fn, gS ** ds usr`Ro esa iwjs dqucs us izfrdkj Hkh fd;k gS - vkl &
lqnfe;k noh ds ifjokj ds reke enZ nk: ihrs gS u flQZ ikl o eqgYys ds yksx bu eqlgjksa dks ysdj mnklhu gS -
ifjokj ds cfYd iwjs leqnk; ds A lqnfe;k nsoh dk ,d U;k;ky; esa mtkM+s x, tehu dk ekeyk py jgk gS -
ukrh 2 o"kZ iwoZ xqtj x;kA mls dku es rdyhQ Fkh tehu ds fy, lqnfe;k nsoh iwjs dqucs ds lkFk eq[;ea=h
A os crkrh gS ^^ rhu cfjl ds gyb tc MsM dj xsybZ A uhrh'k dqekj ls Hkh fey pqdh gS - eq[;ea=h ftykf/kdkjh
m lky cM+h cjlk gksybZ gy] bykt m /kM+h u gks iybZ ds ikl Hkst nsrs gS - LkHkh U;k;ky; ds QSlys dk bartkj
gy ** lqnfe;k nsoh ;s Hkh lwpuk nsrh gS fd 4 o"kZ iwoZ dj jgs gS - lqnfe;k nsoh ds vuqlkj tc tehu dk
tc ls vius lkfFk;ksa ds lkFk iqjkus ?kj ls csn[ky gksuk dkxt gekjs ikl gS rks QSlyk gekjs gd esa gksuk pkfg,
iM+k gS ] gj o"kZ dqucs ds 7&8 yksx BaM esa xqtj tkrs gS - og dgrh gS ^^fy[kar ds vkxs cdar ds dHkh HkSyw gbZ -
A ckdh tt ds iSlk f[k;k ds eqdnek vkxs c<oys tkbr
gbZ - **
BaM o ckfj'k ls cpus ds fy, ikWyhFkhu dk
bLrseky fd;k tkrk gS A ckfj'k okyh jkr vf/kdka'kr% yxkrkj f[kaprs tehu ds ,d eqdnes dks ysdj
tkxdj xqtkjuh iM+rh gS A lqnfe;k nsoh [kklh ijs'kku gS - Hkfo"; D;k gksxk \bls
ysdj csgn vfuf'p; o vk'kadk ls f?kjs ljdkj D;k dj
lqnfe;k nsoh dk ifjokj 4 o"kZ ¼mtkM+s tkus ldrh \ ^^ljdkj dk djrbZ vkt ys dqN dybZ gS ts
ds ½ igys lqvj ikyrk Fkk A cgqr lqvj dqucs ds ckdh djrbZ ** os dgrh gS - fQj os vkxs dgrh gS ^^lcls cM+k
yksxks ds Fks A vc reke lqvj ;k rks ekj Mkys x, ;k fnDdr rks jgs ds gb- vkneh dek [kk rks dblgqa ys gS
nwljs eqlgjh ds yksxksa us pksjh dj fy;k A lqvj bu yksxks - ?kj jgyk ls] ds ns[ks vko gb fd ikuh ih ds jgb fd
ds fy, vkthfodk dk vk/kkj Fkk - lqnfe;k nsoh dgrh gS Hkw[ks jg gh -**
^^lqvj r geuh ds xk; & HkSal gyb- ,dxks lqvj ds
cPpk ds 200&250 :i;k fey tk gy - cM+k gks,yk vius iqjkus oDr dks cM+s gh f'kn~nr ls lqnfe;k
ij 1000 :i;k ys - ckdh lc ds nkslj txg ds Mkse nsoh ;kn djrh gS- tc lc yksx ,d lkFk eqgYys esa
lc pksjk ysydbZ A ** jgrs Fks- gkykafd lkFk esa os ;g Hkh dgrh gS fd ^^eqgYyk
ds yksx iIiq flag ds Mj ls dqN u cksy gbZ- **
lqnfe;k dks iwjs ifjokj dk bykt vkl ikl ds
futh Dyhfudksa es gksrk gS A ljdkjh vLirky es yksx iqfyl ds vkrad ] jkst c jkst ftank jgus ds
fcYdqy tkrs gh ugh - ,slk D;ksa \lqnfe;k nsoh dgrh gS fy, t:jh lk/ku tqVkus dh tn~nkstgn ] chekjh]
^^ljdkjh vLirky es geuh lc ds iSjoh u gbZ mgka egktu o U;k;ky; bu reke phtksa ls ,d lkFk tw>rs
dksbZ ns[kHkky djs Okkyk u gbZ ! tsdjk 15 fnu ds ejsyk &tw>rs LoHkko esa FkksM+h vkdzedrk vk xbZ gS - ij
jg gy m 2&3 fnu es ejtk gbZ -** futh Dyhfudksa ds 'kk;n ftu vekuoh; ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa lqnfe;k nsoh dks
egWxs bykt ,oa chekjh dh otg ls lqnfe;k nsoh ds jguk iM+rk gS mlls la/k"kZ djus ds fy, ;g 'kk;n t:jh
ifjokj ij yxHkx 25 gtkj :i;k dtZ gks pqdk gS - 10 'krZ gS -
Li;s lSadM+k dh nj ls lwn pqdkuk iM+rk gS - iwjk ifjokj
ges'kk egktuksa ij fuHkZj jgrk gS A
17
tkfu, vius vf/kdkj
jftLVj esa vo'; ntZ gks A
;fn Kku 'kfDr gS rks vKku nqcZyrk ,oa csclh A vaxzstks
us lh-vkj-ih-lh- ,d xqyke ns'k ds yksxksa ij 'kklu dh ¼x½ fxj¶rkjh ds le; eseks vkWQ vjsLV vfuok;Zr% cus
idM+ etcwr djus ds fy, cuk;h Fkh A fons'kh 'kkld dh ftl ij fxj¶rkj O;fDr ds ifjokj dk dksbZ O;fDr ;k
utj es iztk ds thou vkSj O;fDrxr Loara=rk dh dksbZ bykds dk dksbZ tkuk ekuk O;fDr xokg gks ftldk eseks
vgfe;r ugha gksrh A blfy, mudks iqfyl dks fdlh Hkh ij gLrk{kj gks A
lhek rd vf/kdkj nsus esa dksbZ fgpd ugh gksrh A ;gh
dkj.k gS fd lh-vkj- ih-lh- dh /kkjk 41 esa iqfyl dks ¼?k½ fxj¶rkj O;fDr dk Hkh ml ij gLrk{kj gks A
fcuk okjaV ds fxj¶rkj djus dk vf/kdkj gS A
¼M½ fxj¶rkjh dk le; rFkk rkjh[k ntZ gksuk vfuok;Z gS
turkaf=d O;oLFkk dks viukus vkSj lafo/kku es A
thou vkSj O;fDrxr Lora=rk dk ekSfyd vf/kdkj nsus ds
ckotwn iqfyl ds bl euekus vf/kdkj dks u lhfer fd;k ¼p½ fxj¶rkj O;fDr ds ifjokj dks ;k 'kqHkfpard dks
x;k vkSj u blds nq:i;ksx ds fy;s mudks ftEesnkj fxj¶rkjh dh lwpuk vkSj fxj¶rkj O;fDr dgkWa gS ] bldh
Bgjkus dh O;oLFkk dh x;h A urhtk gS fd yk[kksa yksx lwpuk nh tk, A
fcuk t:jr tsyksa es can gksrs gS A fxj¶rkjh dk Hk;
fn[kkdj iqfyl yksxks ls iSls olwyrh gS ] gktr es NksVs ¼N½ fxj¶rkj O;fDr dks crk;k tk, fd mldks lwpuk
NksVs vijk/k djus okyksa dks ekjrh fiVrh gS vkSj dqN dh Hkstokus dk vf/kdkj gS A
gR;k rd dj nsrh gS A
¼t½ tgkWa fxj¶rkj O;fDr dks j[kk x;k gS ogkWa mk;jh es
,slh fLFkrh es vke yksxksa ds fy, cprk gS fxj¶rkj O;fDr rFkk ftldks lwpuk nh xbZ gS mldk rFkk
tkudkjh] vnkyr ds dqN mnkj fu.kZ; vkSj dkuwu ds fgjklr es j[kus okys iqfyldehZ ds uke ntZ gksus pkfg;s
dqN izko/kku tks vfLrRo es rsk gS ij O;ogkj es ugh A A
ge bl dkWye ls ikBdksa dks muds vf/kdkj ls ifjp;
djk,axs A ,slk ge ekurs gS fd ekuokf/kdkjksa dh ¼>½ fxj¶rkj O;fDr dh gj 48 /kaVs ij MkDVjh tkWp
tkudkjh lekt dh muds izfr laosnuk izkIr vf/kdkjksa dh gksuh pkfg;s A
lqj{kk rFkk vf/kdkj {ks= dk foLrkj gh leL;k dk ,d
ek= funku gS A ¼¥½ fxj¶rkjh esa iwNrkN ds nkSjku fxj¶rkj O;fDr dks
vius odhy ls feyus dk gd gksxk A ;|fi iwjs iwNrkN
ge bl ckj ^^fxj¶rkjh ** ds laca/k esa vius ds le; odhy dk jguk t:jh ugh gksxk A
vf/kdkj dks tkuasxs A
¼V½ ftyk rFkk jkT; ds eq[; dk;kZy;ksa esa daVªksy dk
fxj¶rkjh & izko/kku gksxk ftldh lwpukiV ij fxj¶rkj O;fDr dh
lwpuk yxkbZ tk;sxh A fxj¶rkjh dh lwpuk daVªksy :e dks
fxj¶rkjh ds laca/k esa mPpre U;k;ky; dk fxj¶rkjh ds 12 ?kaVs ds vanj nh tk;sxh A
foLr`r vkns'k ¼Mh-ds- clq cuke if'peh caxky ljdkj
¼1997½ 1 ,l- lh- lh- 416½ ¼2½ fxj¶rkjh ds le; fxj¶rkj O;fDr ds 'kjhj dks Nwus
vkfn ij jksd ¼lh0 vkj0 ih0 lh0 /kkjk 46¼1½ & ;fn
¼d½ fxj¶rkj djus okys vf/kdkjh dk uke rFkk in dh fxj¶rkj fd;k x;k O;fDr viuh fxj¶rkjh dks Lohdkj
iÍh Li"V fn[kkbZ ns A ysrk gS rks fxj¶rkj djus okyk O;fDr mlds 'kjhj dks
gkFk ugha yxk;sxk A
¼[k½ iwNrkN djus okys iqfyl vf/dkjh dk C;kksjk ¼3½ ¼d½ fxj¶rkj fd;s x;s O;fDr ij t:jr ls vf/kd

18
(restraint) cafn'k ij jksd ¼4½ fxj¶rkjh ds le; fxj¶rkj O;fDr dks fxj¶rkjh dk
¼lh0 vkj0 ih0 lh0 /kkjk 49¼1½ & fxj¶rkj fd;s dkj.k cukus dh vfuok;Zrk ¼lafo/kku dk vuqPNsn 22
O;fDr ij t:jr ls vf/kd cafn'k ugha j[kh tk ldrh A (i) rFkk lh0 vkj0 ih0 lh0 /kkjk 50 ½ % fodze cuke
ml ij mruh gh cafn'k j[kh tk ldrh gS ftruk mldks LVsV vkWQ caxky] 1975 lh0 vkj0 vkbZ0 ,y0 ts0
Hkkxus ls jksdus ds fy, vko';d gks A 1249 ½
¼[k½ gFkdM+h & loksZPp U;k;ky; us flVhtsu QkWj Vikram V State of West Bengal, 1975,
Mseksdzslh cuke LVsV vkWQ vklke ¼1995½ ( Cri L.J. 1249
Citizens for Democracy Vs State of
Assam (1995) 3 SCC 743 ) esa gFkdM+h ds ¼5½ fxj¶rkj O;fDr dks 24 ?kaVs ds vanj eftLVsªV ds
ckjs esa fuEufyf[kr fn'kk funsZ'k fn;s & lkeus gkftj djuk vfuok;Z gS A ¼lafo/kku vuqPNsn
22(i) ,oa lh0 vkj0 ih0 lh0 /kkjk 47 ½ ,slk ugha
bl ns'k ds fdlh Hkh dkjkxkj es can ltk;k¶rk djus ij dSn (Detention) xSjdkuwuh gS A
;k xSj ltk;k¶rk ¼fopkjk/khu½ canh dks ,d tsy ls nwljs Kultej Singh V Circle Inspector 1992,
tsy vFkok tsy ls vnkyr ,oa vnkyr ls okil tsy ys J1173 Karnatak, 9 Majoj V State of
tkus ds dze esa gFkdM+h vFkok nwljs ca/ku esa ugh ckWa/kk M.P. (1999) 3 SCC 175
tk;sxk A vxj fdlh iqfyl vf/kdkjh dks ,slk yxrk gS ¼6½ eftLVsªV ds }kjk U;kf;d fgjklr esa Hkstus ds vkns'k
fd dksbZ dSnh tsy ls vFkok dSn (Custody) ls Hkkx ij fxj¶rkj O;fDr ds gLrk{kj dk izko/kku ¼ lh0 vkj0
ldrk gS rc og mls lacaf/kr naMkf/kdkjh ds le{k izLrqr ih0 lh0 /kkjk 167½ % /kkjk 2(ii b) ds rgr tc rd
djsxk A naMkf/kdkjh fojy ekeyksa esa tgkWa dSnh }kjk iwoZ esa fxj¶rkj O;fDr dks eftLVsªV ds le{k gkftj ugha fd;k
fgald izo`fr iznf'kZr djuk] dSn ls Hkkxus dh dksf'k'k tk, og mlds fgjklr dk vkns'k ugha ns ldrk A ;fn
djuk vFkok mldk bruk [krjukd gksuk fd mls Hkkxus fxj¶rkj O;fDr dks eftLVªsV ds le{k gkftj ugh fd;k
ls jksdus dk nwljk dksbZ O;kogkfjd rjhdk miyC/k u tk, og mlds fgjklr dk vkns'k ugha ns ldrk A ;fn
gksuk] dk fuf'pr izek.k ekStwn gks] gFkdM+h yxkus dh fxj¶rkj O;fDr dks eftLVsªV ds le{k gkftj djus ds
btktr ns ldrk gS A iz'u ij dskbZ fookn gks rks eftLVsªV ds vkns'k ij
fxj¶rkj O;fDr ds gLrk{kj ls gh bldk fuiVkjk gksxk A
nwljs lHkh ekeyksa esa iqfyl fdlh fxj¶rkj
O;fDr dks gFkdM+h ugha yxk;sxh ftls U;kf;d@xSj UkksV %&
U;kf;d fjekaM es ysus dk vkns'k fdlh naMkf/kdkjh }kjk ¼d½ O;ogkj esa eftLVªsV ds lkeus fxj¶rkj O;fDr 'kk;n
fn;k x;k gks ,oa gFkdM+h yxkus dk vkns'k ds le; iqfyl gh dHkh gkftj fd;s tkrs gSa A bl iz'u dks ysdj dne
}kjk ugh fy;k x;k gks A mBkus dh t:jr gSA blls iqfyl ds }kjk ekjihV dh
?kVuk ij jksd yxsxh A
tc iqfyl fdlh naMkf/kdkjh }kjk okjaV ds
vk/kkj ij fdlh O;fDr dks fxj¶rkj djrh gS rc Hkh ¼[k½ ,d vU; egRoiw.kZ iz'u mBkus dh t:jr gS A D;k
fxj¶rkj O;fDr dks gFkdM+h ugh yxk;k tk;sxk vxj /kkjk 167 ds rgr eftLVsªV ,d jcj LVkEi gS ] tks gj
naMkf/kdkjh }kjk okjaV fuxZr djus ds le; gFkdM+h fxj¶rkj O;fDr dks U;kf;d fgjklr esa Hsts ;k mldks
yxkus dk vkns'k ugha fn;k x;k gks A ekeys ij lskp fopkj dj foosdiw.kZ fu.kZ; nsuk gS
\eftLVªsV dHkh Hkh vius foosd dk mi;ksx ugha djrs
tc iqfyl fdlh O;fDr dks cxSj okjaV fxj¶rkj vkSj fcuk fxj¶rkj O;fDr ls feys ;k fxj¶rkjh ds dkj.kksa
djrh gS rc mijksDr funsZ'kkuqlkj gh fxj¶rkj O;fDr ds ij fopkj fd;s fxj¶rkj O;fDr dks U;kf;d fgjklr esa
iwoZ vkpj.k ¼fgalkRed O;ogkj vFkok @,oa dSn ls Hkkxus Hkst nsrs gSa A
dh dksf'k'k½ ds vk/kkj ij iw.kZ larqf"V djus ds mijkar
iqfyl mls U;kf;d naMkf/kdkjh ds le{k izLrqr djus rd
gFkdM+h yxk ldrh gs A ysfdu mlds ckn gFkdM+h@ca/ku izLrqfr % ftrsu nkl
yxkus ds fy, naMkf/kdkjh dk vkns'k izkIr djuk vfuok;Z ¼gekjs vf/kdkj ] izHkkdj flagk] 2004 ls lkHkkj½
gksxk A

19
Story

Milind
An old Lady and A Peepal Tree
I got no difficulty in finding my seat in the bus.
Thankfully, bus was not a video coach. If it had
been, it would have ripped through my mind and
mind." I added further.

texture. I sat comfortably, looking outside the "Where did you live in Begusarai?”
window. Just then, a fat, cumbersome man came and
"We lived in Begusarai near Stadium. The name of
sat beside me. He was creating troubles for him self.
He would put his legs in proper place then his belly the colony was Pokharia." I told.
would bulge out, he would settle upper part of his
body then his legs would have scarcity of space. I was " Yes I know Pokharia…. where in Pokharia ?" He
smiling under my lips. He looked at me. He smile too
as he was saying it is all in the game. interrogated.
"It was rented house, I don't know whose house was
He was fat and heavily built but he had a face of baby. that I only remember that these was a doctor in our
neighbourhood - a child specialist one. Mr. Haq, we
When he would laugh profusely, his eyes would sink called him. We often a visited him. He was a close
companion of my father. He was loving and caring.
deeply and eyebrows would hug each other. He asked
Sometime he would serve a full bowl of Kheer to me
me to start the play "where are you going? & my younger brother or half dozen of milk biscuits
on any other occasion."
" I am going to Hajipur" . I told him without
“Yes, Yes! He is still there." He was delighted to
hesitation.
know that I know somebody whom he knew very
" Hajipur ? I too am going to Hajipur". In reply, I
well.
smiled only. He then asked me " where is your "Another gentleman whom we would visit was Mr.
Abid Vakil. His son lived in Malaysia."
home ? " "Aa ha!" He exclaimed. "His son is still in Malaysia.
Now Vakil Sahab has built a beautiful palatial home."
" Patna". Readymade answer was there in my bag. He added.
Slowly & slowly I told him about many significant
" Mine is Begusarai", the word Begusarai echoed in
things of the locality where we lived 20 years ago. On
every account, he gave his original comments and
my mind. I tried to identify his tone of voice
made me amazed.
modulation. Really, he was a native of Begusarai. I Then I remembered something. I put stress on my
mind and recalled the face of a very old & very poor
could say that with confidence because I love that woman. I asked him, "Do you know that there lived
an old lady under a big peepal tree. That peepal tree
tone speaking colloquial Hindi stretching of the was beside the wall of official residence of a high
ranked officer."
vowels for the convenience of listeners that the
In reply, he only nodded his head in affirmation.
words have more weight than expected. Perhaps he was recalling something; at least his
mysterious smile suggested so.
Soon I came to know he was borne and brought up in
"She had lost both her hands and legs", I continued,
Begusarai. He had a proud prudence of Mithila -- the
"For locomotion she used a wooden sledge having
ancient, cultural and geographical part of our
four ball bearings (virtually they were broken parts of
country.
any kind of vehicle). She had no teeth, she did not
"I too lived in Begusarai some 20 years ago." I
utter any word her eyes would say everything. She
revealed the secret upon him. To my astonishment, he
had remarkably appealing appearance. You could not
tried to jump over his seat but failed miserably
forget such a beggar once you saw her.
because of his physical structure.
"Yes it is." He added
"I was only 5 years old when our family left that
"When she died? I guess she must have died”
town. Only incoherent memories are left there in my
"She died perhaps in 1997 or '98. She was 85 or 90 yrs

20
old, perhaps more than that. And you will stand "Did budhiya become a revered lady or devi like
on your feet when you learn that the budhiya (old thing?”
lady) had got Rs. 5 lakh in her possession at the He thought for few seconds and said. "It was
time of her death." He said. going to happen. Some young men came and
"Where did she live? Where were his children?" said that we would take out a full-fledged funeral
I asked like a child. procession of the lady. Some people opposed the
"Until she did not die we thought she had no motion. After great debates, it was decided that a
offspring. However, the day she died some men procession would be carried by hundred odd
came from outside the city and claimed that they young and old men and it would pass through
were here children. All other days, a man called each single street of the locality with lots of
Iqbal cared for that lady. He was a driver of an flowers. All the people agreed over it. The
officer. He lived just next to that people tree. He procession took off. It roamed here and there.
knew that old woman was a rich person. Every Everybody would should in choir Ram Naam
evening he would carry her to his home. We all Satay hai."
knew that he was milking the cow. But nobody I was laughing profusely. He also joined me.
was interested in that lady. Nobody wanted to "Then…... I asked.
know how she eats, how she drinks, how she " Then … suddenly her children arrived from no
sleeps and how she does all her daily works man's land. It took almost six hours of fierce
because all of these works were just impossible fighting, barking and growling among men &
for her perhaps Iqbal knew it." women to prove and to be convinced that those
"Then?" I inquired people were hier apparent. Until then budhiya's
"Then…then she died. The news spread like a corpse was kept on ice. I don't remember who
wild fire in all the nearby localities. She was a brought ice. Perhaps Iqbal did. After that, the so
permanent part of the vicinity. Even old people called relatives of budhiya took her body with
did not know when she sat first under that peepal themselves. They disappeared in the dark night.
tree……………" She was cremated in late night. It was the final
"It means everybody come to have a look." I end of that famous old lady.
interrupted We wore a piece of silence on our faces for
'Yes' he continued, "everybody who could visit almost half a minute. Then I broke the silence
the place easily came and saw the corpse. Iqbal “Who took the money, the sum of Rs. 5 lakh?
and other people of locality wanted to give a “I don't know." He said, "perhaps Iqbal or
graceful end to her last part of life. They bought a perhaps her children, there is no proof. Even
clean and sheer white piece of cloth to make there was no proof that there was such a big
coffin. Some incense sticks were put beside her. amount of money."
Even the round verandah under people tree was " Hummm…………." I hummed .
The bus reached Hajipur. Both of us got down
washed and cleaned." He stopped for a while. I and went in different directions perhaps with an
was visibly in laughing mood. I had a comment. ember of hope to meet again.After all, a story is a
story.
21
In the NEWS
MASS MEETING ON FLOOD
SOLUTION
TEJI ISHA

Khagaria: An organisation education system, economy


Local Govt & Decentralized systems development system
Economy Social Group, with social accountability
called up a mass meeting in under its own supervision.
Khagaria district. The Under the leadership of
meeting was organised with Vivekananda, Madhuri Sewa
an objective to seek for a Nyas trust tried to establish
permanent solution of flood self sustained social model of
in Bihar. Around 10 thousand social governance and
of the people gathered for the society owned education,
meeting. However, the economic and health system.
number of people is less as T w e n t y o n e
compared to the previous technical-professional and
year where around one lakh vocational training institutes
people attended for the are being established. This
meeting. Nyas has also established 33-
bed nursing college through
The idea behind organising social ownership.
this mass meeting was
“social ownership”. In this But this year, meeting seemed
meeting the affected people not to be up to the mark.
joined and worked out the Even, most of the people
solution of their problems participating in meeting were
without taking any help from not aware about the goal. It
the indifferent and unjust puts the question mark
government The idea somewhere over their huge
emerged in the meeting was claim. Meeting seemed to be
that society should take more political than social.
initiative to establish its own

DETERMINED SATYAGARAH
About 30 thousand landless farmers, tribal and high. It was the rare feature of this march. They
displaced people of 18 states marched from put questions in front of Prime Minister of India
Gwalior to Delhi on Gandhi Jayanti. It was what he was providing them from this 9 %
different from today’s unnecessary political growth rate in economy. Do they have no right
rallies. over their own lands, jungles and rivers?

There were no sensational speeches, no Effect of this protest march was that Prime
entertainment for the determined Satyagrahis. Minister compelled to take steps and to form
Everyone was aware about his goal, so the Land Reform Committee under his own
determination level among them remained very presidentship.
22
AL-KHAIR CHARITABLE TRUST

“CALLING YOUTHS FOR SOCIAL CHANGE”

Al-khair is an organization working with a missionary zeal to build an equitable


society where everybody has equal opportunity to make his/her life dignified
and beautiful.
It is working on:-

•Linkage between differing economic strata of the society


• Poor biased policies
• Model of co-operatives
•Area specific intervention
• Micro finance as a tool of economic empowerment

Al-khair believes that youth having broad visions bright and big dreams
are asset for the society. Al-khair invites and inspires such youth who want to
associate themselves with movement of social change.

Let us share our skills and dreams with the mission of empowering the
poor to come out of their destitution and deprivation and spread these
noble notions among larger sections of the society.

AL-KHAIR CHARITABLE TRUST


HAROON NAGAR SECTOR-II
PHULWARI SHARIF PATNA-801505 (BIHAR)
TELEPHONE-0612-2252404
SAMAR Flowers
By Yamna Fatima

Abdin House
Fraser Road Soft as furs, bright as stars,

How beautiful are those flowers!


Patna
Swinging on twigs they merrily dance,
Pin code - 800001
Capture all cares just at a glance,
Phone: 09304782763 Blushed with joys, beaming with please

Phone: 09955238836 Gathering around butterflies and bees,

E-mail: samar_themagazine@yahoo.co.in No worry for them, no gloom they know

The more you look the more they glow,

Blooming with love of Heaven and all

Leave their traces even when fall,

Pierces in soul their lovely smell

www.mysamar. Such beautiful sight cast a magic spell,

Thinking of them when I am alone Is worthier for me

blogspot.com then kingdom and throne,

Their incredible sight will please me for hours

How beautiful are those lovely flowers!!!

Sunset in the Island of Pearls


Captured by: Madeeha, who is a student of Grade 9

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