Many theories of personality are based on the premise that social environments have a crucial role in the development

of personality traits. Based on this premise, critically evaluate the link between personality development and culture. Social environment (family, friends) effect ones individual characteristics Make a judgement on the connection between personality development and culture - culture develops personality define personality and culture state how personality can be measured whats is a literature review?
It describes, compares, contrasts and evaluates the major theories, arguments, themes, methodologies, approaches and controversies in the scholarly literature on a subject. Abstract

Intro

Culture governs the meanings provided to objects and actions which result in different societies understanding one another uniquely while causing the individual to hold a distinct set of behaviours and attitudes which are used to perceive the world around them, also known as the individuals personality (Spradley, James P, Participant observation, p.). Through this definition a strong connection is seen between culture and personality development as a persons unique social environment mold the individuals patterns and set of characteristics. The following will: describe the features of Freuds psychoanalytical approach, outline how personality and individuality is thought to be created through Freuds approach and explore why different cultures have such unique behavioural patterns. Sigmund Freuds psychoanalytical approach focuses on the unconscious as the theory purports several overarching ideas that motivate and build the individual from childhood to adulthood. Freuds theory postulates that at birth every person is amoral and because of that our two motivational forces; sexual instinct (desire for any form of sensuality) and self-preservation instincts are uninhibited causing us to constantly seek immediate gratification. As the child develops there comes a stage where immediate desires are inhibited due to these desires being socially acceptable causing the infants caretaker to scold the child. This leads to an internal conflict as the infant wants immediate pleasure but does not want to lose the affection of his caretaker thus unacceptable impulses are repressed into the conscious but still continue to exert motivational force, though not directly. Evidently the childs interactions with his caretaker changes his individuality to suit the beliefs of his gaurdian According to the psychoanalytical approach, personality is split into three aspects: id, ego and super-ego. Id is the socially unacceptable impulses that are constantly pushing for immediate gratification, while contrastingly the ego is all the socially acceptable tendencies. The super-ego can be defined as the internalisation of all moral values learnt so far and is similar to parent as it tells the ego the right things to do. The ego is in a constant struggle as it negotiates with the demands of the id and the super ego.

These repressed desires of the id are gratified indirectly through socially accepted outputs; this is known as compromised formations. This is where these socially unacceptable desires are satisfied through socially acceptable means such as playing sport to sate aggression. Human beings are controlled by their passions and their cognitive are an aide to locate and understand the right circumstances to indulge in their desires. Your personality is built upon external interactions, psychoanalytical approach emphasises this connection. As an infant you come across a stage where your immediate desires are labelled as socially unacceptable by your caretaker and society thus immediately inhibited. The reason for the inhibition is due to the dependency of the caretaker and seeks their approval causing the child to repress all socially unacceptable behaviour into the unconscious. This leads to disintegration into personality where it is split into three parts; the id, the ego and the super ego.