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Meshfree methods are a particular class of numerical simulation algorithms for the simulation of physical phenomena. Traditional simulation algorithms relied on a grid or a mesh, meshfree methods in contrast use the geometry of the simulated object directly for calculations. Meshfree methods exist for fluid dynamics as well as for solid mechanics. Some methods are able to handle both cases.
Description
Meshfree methods eliminate some or all of the traditional mesh-based view of the computational domain and rely on a particle (either Lagrangian or Eulerian) view of the field problem. A goal of meshfree methods is to facilitate the simulation of increasingly demanding problems that require the ability to treat large deformations, advanced materials, complex geometry, nonlinear material behavior, discontinuities and singularities. For example the melting of a solid or the freezing process can be simulated using meshfree methods.
Method (or S-FEM) The S-FEM is the linear version of S-PIM, but with most of the properties of the S-PIM and much simpler. It is a general perception that meshfree methods are much more expensive than the FEM counterparts. The recent study has found however, the S-PIM and S-FEM can be much faster than the FEM counterparts. The S-PIM and S-FEM works well for solid mechanics problems. For [CFD] problems, the formulation can be simpler, via strong formulation. A Gradient Smoothing Methods (GSM) has also be developed recently for [CFD] problems, implementing the gradient smoothing idea in strong form.The GSM is similar to [FVM], but uses gradient smoothing operations exclusively in nested fashions, and is a general numerical method for PDEs.
Source:Wikipedia