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K-12 Program
Introductions
Name Job position
What is a Machine?
What the dictionary says:
Machine:
A system or device which uses energy to perform a task. A system that helps you do work.
Simple Machine:
A machine with few or no moving parts.
Machines
Todays Focus
Levers Pulleys Gears Wheel and Axle
What is Work
A Force Applied Through a Distance
W=FXD
Force exertion of physical power
Work Demonstration
Who thinks they can lift the teacher? How much force do you think will need to be applied to lift your teacher 10 inches off the ground?
Mechanical Advantage
W=FXD MA = Output/Input
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Mechanical Advantage
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Stations
Lever, pulley, gears and wheel and axle
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A Quick Review
Simple machines make our work easier?
A. False B. True
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Problem #1
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Lever Knowledge
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Lever Knowledge
A lever is a simple machine used to lift, cut, or open objects. Parts of a lever:
Straight rod or arm that pivots on a point called a fulcrum
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Examples of Levers
Door on hinges Seesaw Hammer Bottle opener Fork Nutcracker Shovel Crowbar Fishing rod Wheelbarrow Wrench Stapler Scissors
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Problem 2
Who is going to have to apply more force to do the same amount of work?
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Pulley Knowledge
How much harder does Sammy have to work? What is a pulley?
A. B. C. A. B. C. A grooved wheel that turns around an axle with a rope passing through it A wheel that moves things Ropes and wheels Two Three Four
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Pulleys Knowledge
A pulley changes the direction of force, making it easier to lift objects to a high-rise area. A pulley is made up of a grooved wheel that turns around an axle with rope passing through it. Three types of pulleys:
Fixed Moveable Combined
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Examples Pulleys
Flag pole Mini-blinds Elevator Winch Wishing well Crane Window washing platform Rigging on a sailboat The swing at the Discovery Center
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Problem #3
Who will apply more force pedaling on a flat surface?
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If a gear with 10 teeth and another with 5 teeth turns, after the big gear turns 1 round, the small gear will turn ....... rounds
A. B. C. A. B. C. Ten Two Five Axle Effort Wheel
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Gears Knowledge
Gears are used to slow things down, speed things up, or change direction. Gear description:
Toothed or pegged wheels that fit together
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Examples of Gears
Clock Automobile Drill Motorcycles Bicycles
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Now you can use your simple machine knowledge to work smarter.
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