Cornell Note Taking Format

Name: Nick Bader 1. The Cell Cycle and DNA Vocabulary: Cell Cycle: The process in which cells grow and divide. Mitosis: The process in which Body cells divide. Meiosis: A different division process for reproductive cells. Notes: All events that a cell undergoes to grow and develop are known as part of the Cell Cycle. Most of the Cell Cycle involves DNA replication and cell growth, only a small period involves the cells division. The process of division is known as Mitosis or Meiosis (Only reproductive cells undergo meiosis). The cell cycle can be regulated from intracellular and intercellular communication. Intracellular communication involves communication inside of a cell to stop or continue the cell cycle. For example if DNA was damaged, the cell would die and the cycle would stop. In intercellular communication, multiple cells change their cell cycle. Skin cells respond to stimuli from an injury to increase their rate of growth and division in order to repair a small wound. Another way that a cell cycle can be changed is through carcinogens. Carcinogens are cancer causing agents that sometimes affect specific proteins in a cell and mutate it to cause uncontrolled cell growth. This uncontrolled cell growth is known as cancer. The material that causes the cell cycle to occur in the first place is DNA. DNA allows for this and other cell functions to occur. DNA also holds ones genetic traits, the key to your offsprings traits. DNA must be replicated in order for a cell to divide. DNA must be replicated in order for cell division to occur. A cell must double its genetic information, so that the double copy goes to the new cell. DNA is replicated by being unwound by helicase, this creates singe half strands of DNA. The matching nucleotides are added to each strand, forming two new strands of DNA, which are then re-wound by DNA polymerase. The new strand or daughter strand is then sent to the newly forming cell during cell replication, while the mother strand, the original one stays with the original cell, for further replication. Date:1/11/12 Section: Biology 1A-8

Test Questions: What is the primary part of the cell cycle? List ways that the cell cycle can be regulated or changed What role does DNA replication play in the cell cycle? How is DNA replicated, list the steps.

Summary: The cell cycle controls cell growth, and division to form new cells. The cell cycle is primarily growth and DNA replication. This cycle can be regulated from a problem in one cell, or the need of many cells to replicate faster. DNA replication is necessary in cell division, as the newly copied DNA is sent to the new cell being produced. The DNA is unwound from its double helix, split into two separate strands, and then the missing nucleotides are added. One strand stays with the original cell, while the other goes with the new cell being produced.