GROUP NUMBER : 8

TEAM NAMES :

UMMU ATIAH BINTI DAUD SITI NOR HAFIZA BINTI MUHAMMAD SITI NABILAH BINTI AHMAD MUHIDIN SITI NOR SUHAIDA BINTI MUKHTAR NIK NOR ATIKA BINTI SAMSUDIN WAN SITI AMIRAH BINTI WAN MOHAMED AZMI

162474 161965 162040 162175 163303 163316

INSTRUCTOR :

EN. ALLAN LAJOT EN. AJARUDIN BIN YUSOF CIK ASHANA CIK SITI RAHAYU EN. MUHAMAD ISMI EN. SAMSUHAIMI PN. NOORANIZA

DATE : 3 April 2012

TITLE :
a) Lime tree maintanace (pruning)

b) Manuring(urea)

PURPOSE :
a) Mentaining the health, beauty safety and usefulnees of tree. b) Pruning done under the tree for its ease of maintenance.

c) To shape up of the plant.

EQUIPMENTS : a) Handsaw b) Scateurs c) Chopper d) Urea fertilizer e) The suaitabel clothing

METHOD : a) Provide all equipment that we need.

b) We do the pruning uses handsaw for big branches and scateurs for a more smaller

branches. c) We do pruning on branches that are not useful and branches that are at the bottom of this tree because the tree to facilitate maintenance and ensure the tree develops enough nutrients for the optimum growth and productivity.

d) Completion of pruning activities carried out, the parts that have been cut elsewhere

should be removed so as not to interfere with tree growth.

e) Harvest activities are cutting plants should be at the top of the root.
f) The roots should be left under the soil for this part can be as compost to the soil when

planting back done. g) While that of urea fertilizer on corn, putting urea fertilizer between the corn trees.

SAFETY RULES : a) Student must obey all the instruction when at the farm. b) Student must use the tools properly to avoid injured. c) Student are advised to be caution when using equipment especially the sharp and dangerous tools. d) Use the tools properly.

CONCLUSION : This week we were taught how to do pruning well and not damage the tree. Pruning done much benefit to the trees among which are to form a stable and aesthetic value to the trees, providing lighting to make the process of photosynthesis, the trees to prevent disease, and save the fertilizer for water shoots have been removed.

ATTACHMENTS :

QUESTION :

1) Forcing of Plants Scientific agricultural procedures used to produce flowers, vegetables, and fruits out of season. Forcing of plants is based on a knowledge of their biology and the use of special methods that make possible the regulation of their growth and development in different stages of morphogenesis. Regulation of light, temperature, and carbon dioxide content is very important for most forced crops. Plants are usually forced in the fall, winter, and early spring in special areas (greenhouses, hothouses, hotbeds, and cellars) where it is possible to change environ-mental conditions in the necessary ways. Among the forced decorative crops are such attractive blooming bushes as the rose, lilac, and hydrangea, and among the decorative perennials are the tulip, hyacinth, narcissus, pink, chrysanthemum, and cyclamen. In the forcing of decorative bushes, plants prepared in advance with well-developed root systems and above-ground parts are used. Warm-water baths in which the above-ground parts of the plant are immersed are used to accelerate their blooming. A 12-16 hour treatment with water at a temperature of 30 to 35 C is usually

sufficient. A similar effect is exerted by warm steam baths or by the presence of vapors of ether and acetylene in the air surrounding the plant. Preliminary seasoning at low temperatures is favorable for many plants. When forcing decorative plants under protected soil conditions, supplementary artificial light and carbon dioxide supplements are very important. Growth stimulators are used to change the blossoming times of decorative plants. Plants for forcing are used for different periods of time: roses, five to six years; pinks, two to three years; and bulbs, one year.

2) Different between tropical soil and temperate soil Tropical soils are oxidized (highly weathered), the high amounts of water essentially leach the nutrients out of the soils, thus it is not organically nor mineral rich. The Tropical grassland biome, such as the African savanna, lie mostly between the tropics of Cancer (23.4 degrees North) and Capricorn (23.4 degrees South). Tropical grasslands are a transition between the hot desert biome and the tropical rainforest biome - it receives between approx. 51 to 127 cm of rainfall annually, and has two seasons - a dry season and a wet season. Temperatures are reasonably constant all year round (25 to 33 degrees C)Lack of rainfall means that grass and a few specially adapted trees, such as the Acacia and Baobab trees, survive in this environment. There are less trees the closer you get to the desert and more trees the closer you get to the rainforest. Fire is very important in the grasslands as it burns off the dry stalks of grass, which renew when the rains come. The grasses roots are protected from the fire and the ash puts nutrients into the soil. The baobab tree survives the dry season and fire, because it stores water in its trunk and has a very thick bark. The acacia also has long tap roots and a bark that has a fire resistant sap. Significant animals in tropical grasslands include: Elephants, giraffe, lions, cheetah, cattle, antelope, wildebeest and buffalo. Environmental concerns in tropical grasslands include: poaching, overgrazing, clearing of the land for crops, soil erosion. Temperate soils have a thick humus layer and contain lots of organic matter and have a high mineral content. Mostly because of the amount of water is not so high as to oxidize it and not low enough to impede chemical weathering/nutrient release. The temperate grasslands are located north and south of the tropics and extend to approximately 60 degrees north and south. They are better known as prairies or plains in the USA and Canada, Steppes in Eurasia, Pampas in South America and the Veld in South Africa. Here the

dominant vegetation is grass, with many flowers. Here, there is less rainfall than in the tropical grasslands, approx 25 -75cm annually, but here the seasons differ inthe fact that there is a warm season and an extremely cold (or dormant, non-growing) season where temperatures range from 38 degrees C. in the summer, to as low as -40 degrees C. in the winter in the more extreme latitudes. Significant animals in temperate grasslands include: Bison, gazelle, deer; burrowing animals such as mice and jack rabbits; and predators such as snakes and coyotes. Environmental concerns in temperate grasslands are: many prairies have been turned into farms or grazing because the land is flat, treeless, covered with grass, and have rich soil. Grasslands are found on all continents, except for Antarctica.

3) Palm Pruning

a) To remove dead or dying fronds that might harbor insect pests, such as roaches and scorpions. b) To remove hiding places for other pests such as rats. c) To remove potential fire hazards in urban areas near homes and other buildings. d) For safety reasons; so that views from driveways, sidewalks and safety signs are clear. Blocked views are most often caused by planting palms in the wrong places.
e) To remove fruit and seeds. Some palms produce seeds that germinate in the

landscape or fruit that makes a mess and smells bad when it drops. Most palms do not produce either fronds or fruit large enough to cause damage when falling. Removing flowers or developing fruit can free up starch that benefits developing fronds, roots and storage reserves.

4) Chrysanthemum is one of the most important ornamental crops around the world, and it

is produced as both cut flower and pot plant. Photoperiod controls growth and flowering in many floriculture crops. During the production of photoperiodic crops in the greenhouse, photoperiod is artificially extended or shortened to maintain the vegetative growth of these crops or to induce flowering. Such a manipulation of photoperiod provides growers with an efficient crops schedule Growth retardants have an inhibiting

effect on cell division and enlargement of cell in plants. Therefore, they are widely used for height control in floriculture. At the same time, growth retardants suppress the growth of vegetative shoots developing beneath the flower or may also increase the number of lateral shoots, resulting in a larger number of inflorescences. Growth regulators, such as daminozide, chlormequat chloride and paclobutrazol, are successfully applied to obtain higher quality yield, to avoid lodging of plants and to control height, branching and flowering in chrysanthemum, like in many other plant species. Chrysanthemum is a short-day plant with a critical day length of approximately. When natural night lengths are long, photoperiod is shortened by extending a blackout material over the crop in order to promote flowering in short day.