[MC] hello everybody? How are you all? Have you bathing today? Hahaha..

I wish so :p when you are taking a bath, absolutely you use soap for cleansing body. Soap is an essential thing in our life. Without soap the world will be full of dirt. Human use soap to support their daily life. Soap is used to clean the our body, clothes, and also the desease, etc. The first time, ancient Babylonian made soap from the heated fat with the ash. Various type of soap used to differently culture. The Ancient Egyptians used the mixed of animal oils, herbs, and salt to makes a soap. In other side the ancient Greeks cleaned their body with clay, sand, pumice, and ash. After that, flush their body with oil, and then to remove it, they use a tool from metal, thats called strigil. Nowadays, the use of soap as a cleanser is increasing rapidly. Soap has various type, form, colour, odour, benefit and price. Based on the type, soap can be different by solid and liquid soap. Self-made soap give us more advantages than commercial soap. With self-made soap we can understand the ingredient of the soap. The commercial soap usually use low quality material, due to its low-price. More addition, self-made soap is more natural than commercial soap. [mc] Today, we will make natrium soap. Happy watching guys. [n]The things we need are 50 ml of NaOH solution, 12 ml palm oil, 7 ml of fragrance oil. And the tools to support this experiment are glass, burner, glass props, stirer and for protection we have to wear gloves, mask, and safety goggle.
1. Pour oil into a 150 mL Erlenmeyer flask and place it into a burner

2. Mix the alkali solution with the oil, stir briefly until condensed. 3. When it is condensed, add an fragrance essence that made from herbal plant or fruit. In this experiment we use orange peel extract as the fragrance essence. 4. After the mixture is blended, pour it into a mold, such as an unused box, jelly mold, exectra. 5. Then, cover the top with plastic, and cover the surface with thick fabric 6. Leave it for 24 hours, so the saponification is totally completed. 7. Remove soap from the mold, you may cut it as you wish. 8. Dry the soap in a cool place for 4 6 weeks. After that, the soap is ready to use.

Soap is one type of surfactant that made from natural oils or fats. Surfactants have a bipolar structure; it has hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail. Because of this structure, the soap is able to remove dirt (usually fat) from the body or clothes. The reaction happens