Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Terms to Know Anti-Semitism prejudice against Jews Ghetto 1100s, separate sections of cities for Jewish community Pogrom armed attacks by angry mobs or by Cossacks (special mounted units in the Russian army) targeted towards Jews
Section 1 Review 1. Define: anti-Semitism, ghetto, pogrom. a. Refer to Terms to Know. 2. What kind of persecutions and hardships had Jews undergone in medieval Europe? a. Refer to the 1st focus question. 3. Who were some of the outstanding Jewish artists and intellectuals of the late 1800s and early 1900s? Name Sigmund Freud Arnold Schnberg Gustav Mahler Arthur Schnitzler Albert Einstein Franz Kafka Marc Chagall Accomplishment/Occupation Developed psychoanalysis Composer Composer Playwright Physicist Author Painter
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Section 2 Review 1. Define or identify: genocide, Nuremberg Laws, Nazi-Soviet Pact, Einsatzgruppen, final solution collective responsibility a. Refer to Terms to Know. In what parts of Europe did the Nazis begin mass murders of the Jewish population? a. Against the Jews of Europe, the Germans waged a war of extermination. b. In southern Russia, soldiers from Romania, a German ally, helped the Einsatzgruppen. c. In the Ukraine and Baltic countries, where anti-Semitism was strong, the death squards also got help from local volunteers. When and why were the death camps started? a. the first camps, Chelmno and Belzec, which opened in December 1941. b. The camps were thus part of the machinery of terror by which the Nazis kept control. c. [The camps] main purpose would be to kill people. How did Germanys allies respond to the Nazi plan for murdering the Jews? a. Norway had an official Nazi puppet government, but the underground resistance movement helped Jews escape to neutral Sweden. b. Frances pro-German Vichy government, strongly anti-Semitic in its policies, cooperated with the Nazis in deporting non-French Jewish refugees Critical thinking: How did the Nazis make use of the policy of collective responsibility? Why was it effective?
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Section 3 Review 1. What were the effects of the Holocaust on European Jews? a. The six million Jews who had been murdered were about two thirds of the entire Jewish population of Europe. b. A rich and ancient tradition of Jewish community life and culture vanished, never to be restored. In what way did the Holocaust challenge the basic beliefs of Western civilization? a. Refer to the 1st focus question. How did most of the Nazis involved in the Holocaust later justify their actions? a. Refer to the 2nd focus question. What was significant about the trial of Adolf Eichmann? a. Refer to the 3rd focus question. Critical thinking: Explain the statement that the Holocaust is a tragedy that belongs to everyone. 4|Page
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