CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Abhishek Jain and Pratibha Mishra of Manufacturing Processes and Automation Engineering, have successfully completed Report on

XIX Commonwealth Games 2010

to my satisfaction and submitted the same during the academic year 2010-2014 towards the partial fulfillment of degree of Bachelor of Engineering, under the Department of Manufacturing Processes and Automation Engineering, Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology, New Delhi.

Prof. ______________

Prof. _____________

( Subject Faculty)

Table of Contents
1. Abstract---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 2. Introduction----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 3. Logo & Mascot ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 4. Commonwealth games A background ----------------------------------------------------- 4 5. Institutional arrangements for the preparation of games- ----------------------------- 5 6. Organizing committee---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 7. Queens Baton relay------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 8. Preparation of the games---------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 9. Impact of CWG 2010 on the image of Delhi----------------------------------------------- 12 10. What were the positive outcomes of games?--------------------------------------------- 14 11. Performance of Indian players---------------------------------------------------------------- 15 12. Conclusion------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 17 13. Glossary--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18 14. References---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19

ABSTRACT
It was called Great Britain because of its rich history, of having ruled over infinite masses all across the globe under the crown of the British Empire. This great empire organized an inter-colony sporting event, which after many years, came to be known by the name of The Commonwealth Games. After 22 years, New Delhi, the capital city of India won the bid for organizing the 9th Commonwealth Games in the year 2010. The Games have concluded, however its impact still lingers on; and is here to stay. Apart from the tangible development, the intangible aspect of these Games that was aimed at and was created is the Image. The Image of Delhi, of India, is what was to be boosted, was created during the course and is now imprinted on the Globe. Apart from the global perspective, the nation too now views Delhi in a different light and most important of all, the Games have changed the way the city lives and breathes, forever altering Delhis perception of itself. This image, however, just represents the tip of an iceberg that encapsulates a host of other aspects and it is in fact the part beneath the surface that actually builds up that image. It is the result of a number of social, political and economic decisions and the intent behind these decisions has not always been transparent. It is also important to understand that one single undertaking might have different impacts on the different socio-economic strata of society. This impact might also vary in its significance during their execution and after the conclusion of the Games. It is this cycle of decision-making, execution and the subsequent impact that contributes to the image created.

INTRODUCTION
The 2010 Commonwealth Games were the most anticipated Games in the history of the Commonwealth. They were held in Delhi, India from 3rd October to 14th October 2010. With a population of over 15 million, Delhi is one of the largest cities in the world and this was the largest multi-disciplinary sporting event conducted to date in Delhi .The opening ceremony took place at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, New Delhi on 3rd October 2010 . The Commonwealth Games were held only for second time in Asia after KualaLampur in 1998. At the General Assembly of the Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF) held in Montego Bay, Jamaica 2003, the Indian Olympic Association (IOA) bid for Games. The bid was successful and the XIX CWG were allotted to Delhi in 2003.The Host City Contract was signed in November 2003. Thereafter, Organizing Committee CWG was formed as a registered society, with President of IOA as Chairman. The Organizing Committee is responsible for the Conduct of the Games.

LOGO & MASCOT

Logo: The logo for the XIX Commonwealth Games 2010 Delhi was inspired by Chakra. The wheel of time and circle of life, has always inspired the nation as a symbol of freedom, unity, energy and power. It is a manifestation of the dynamic, spiraling energies of a proud nation. It takes on a new meaning today as it transforms into a modern idiom depicting a vibrant, resurgent India. It symbolizes India

reaching out to the world and leading the way, even as it enthusiastically embraces all the 71 CGAs to become ONE and host the best ever Commonwealth Games. Mascot: Shera was the mascot of the XIX Commonwealth Games 2010 Delhi. Sher means tiger. Shera embodies values that the nation is proud of: majesty, power, charisma, intelligence and grace. His athletic prowess, courage and speed are unmatched. Shera lives up to his name by being an achiever with a positive attitude, a global citizen but justifiably proud of his nation's ancient heritage, a fierce competitor, with integrity and honesty. Shera is also 'large-hearted who loves making friends and enthusing people to 'Come Out and Play'.

COMMONWEALTH GAMES - A BACKGROUND

These Games, formerly known as the British Empire Games, were first held in 1930 in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. The name changed to British Empire and Commonwealth Games in 1954, and later to British Commonwealth Games in 1970. Since 1978, they are known as the Commonwealth Games. The Commonwealth Games are a unique, world class, multi-sport event held once every four years amongst the member countries and territories of the Commonwealth. The three core values of the Commonwealth Games movement are Humanity, Equality and Destiny, which were adopted by the Games movement in 2001. These values inspire and unite millions of people and symbolize the broad mandate for holding the Games within the Commonwealth. The Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF) has 71 member nations and territories, called Commonwealth Games Associations (CGAs) including India.

INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR PREPARATION OF THE GAMES

GOM: Initially a Group of Ministers was constituted in 2004 under the Chairmanship of Human Resource Development Minister. Now, a new GOM has been constituted under the Chairmanship of Minister of Urban Development to review the projects and take decisions as required to facilitate smooth implementation of all activities connected with the Commonwealth Games. Co-ordination committee of the Minister, Youth Affairs and Sports, the Organizing Committee constituted by Minister, Youth Affairs and Sports to review the progress of all aspects of the preparation for the Commonwealth Games and take decisions to facilitate speedy progress. Organizing Committee: Headed by Mr. Suresh Kalmadi for the Conduct of the Games. Committee of the Secretaries chaired by Cabinet Secretary to review and coordinate all activities related to CWG 2010. Empowered Committee of Delhi Government chaired by Chief Secretary to ensure speedy clearances to the projects. Empowered Security Committee chaired by Home Secretary to oversee and approve the security arrangements for CWG 2010. Infrastructure Monitoring Committee chaired by Secretary, Sports to review the progress related to the Sports infrastructure and co-ordinate activities of all the stakeholders.

ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
The Indian Olympic Association (I0A), the CGA of India, with the support of Govt. of India & Govt. of Delhi, submitted a bid to host the 2010 Commonwealth Games in May 2003 to the CGF in London Delhi won the bid against the Canadian city of Hamilton to host the 2010 Games at the CGF General Assembly held in Montego Bay, Jamaica, in November 2003. The IOA has delegated the responsibility to the Organizing Committee Commonwealth Games 2010 Delhi (OC CWG 2010 Delhi). The OC CWG is responsible for the conduct and delivery of the Commonwealth Games in Delhi The OC CWG Delhi 2010 was formed on 10 February 2005, as a registered society under the Societies Registration Act 1860 of India.

QUEENS BATON RELAY

The Queens Baton Relay is one of the great traditions of the Commonwealth Games. Queens Baton Relays have been the curtain raiser to every Commonwealth Games since 1958. The Queens Baton Relay 2010 Delhi commenced when Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, Head of the Commonwealth, in the august presence of Smt. Pratibha Devisingh Patil, President of India and Dr. M.S. Gill, Minister of Youth Affairs and Sports entrusted the baton containing her message to the first Baton bearer at Buckingham Palace on 29 October, 2009. The baton traveled in excess of 190,000 kilometers over a 340 day period; this made the Delhi 2010 Queens Baton Relay one of the longest relays in the history of the Commonwealth Games. The baton journeyed 170,000 kilometers for 240 days in the international sector, comprising 70 nations and territories of the Commonwealth. The Baton entered India at the Wagah Border on 25th June, 2010. On its 100 day national tour, the baton visited every Indian state and its capital, plus many other cities along the way, covering in excess of 20,000 kilometers. The relay concluded with the final Baton bearer entering the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium during the Opening Ceremony of the XIX Commonwealth Games on 3 October, 2010. The Queens Baton 2010 Delhi was a fusion of hand crafted elements interplayed with a precision engineered body, ornamented with a free flowing inlay of a range of soils. The baton embodies a fusion of a diverse India and its contemporary avatars an enterprising, young nation with many facets. Its technology features include the ability to capture images and sound as it travels through all nations of the Commonwealth; the latest global positioning system (GPS) technology; and light emitting diodes (LEDs) embedded on the baton which will change into the colours of a countrys flag whilst in that country.

International Tour - Queen's Baton Relay

National Tour - Queen's Baton Relay

PREPARATION FOR THE GAMES

Preparations for this mega multi disciplinary sporting event can be categorized as below: Development of Sports infrastructure Competition Venues (including Training venues) - 23 Competition Venues for 17 Sports - One Venue each for 17 Sports - 2 additional venues, one each for Archery & Shooting - 4 Additional Venues for Road events, 2 each for Athletics & Cycling - Existing Competition Venues: 7 - New Venues under construction: 16 (Permanent -10, Temporary-6) - Games Village - New Development of Non Competition Venues - Games Village - IBC3 - MPC4 - Central Logistics Centre of OC5 - Central Accreditation Centre (OC) Host Broadcasting Up gradation of City Infrastructure as necessary Augmentation of Tourist Accommodation Conduct of the Games

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FACILITIES: Organisers of the Commonwealth Games 2010 not only aimed at the provision of an improved infrastructure and global media exposure consequently transforming the image of the city, they also provided us with the legacy that ensured the social, economic and physical regeneration of the Delhi. The Games helped to boost urban renewal and promoted increased investments. And of course, the Games will leave behind world class sports facilities that generations of Indian sportspersons can use in the future, helping in motivating the sports culture in the country. It can in fact be said that because of mega events such as Commonwealth Games, political and bureaucratic hurdles in the infrastructure sector get mitigated along with stimulating fast track completion of big infrastructure projects which actually could take 10 to 15 years to come into reality. The facilities can be divided as the following: 1.1 Sporting : The year 1982 saw the first constructions of the sporting facilities in Delhi when the Asian Games were organised for the first time in India. At that time 4 new stadiums were built.Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium was the centrepiece of the Games ,being the venue for the opening and closing ceremonies and athletics. The other major stadiums that were built were the Indira Gandhi Stadium, Talkatora Stadium, and the Yamuna Velodrome. The National stadium on the other hand was an exception, which was an earlier construction. With time new constructions were made in Delhi with regard to sporting facilities and today we have a number of sports complexes both DDA and privately owned along with 9 stadiums out of which 5 are the new constructions for the upcoming Commonwealth Games. In addition, a new Games Village altogether is coming up on the east bank of river Yamuna serving as venues for various games during the event. The existing venues will be planned as such that the facilities becomes revenue earners to meet the operational costs during the Legacy Phase i.e, post games phase. Some of the spaces in fact are being designed as such that it can be used for different purposes later, including conferences and corporate seminars and other purposes.

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Another aspect that has been kept in mind is the environment friendly approach to it. All the venues will include the new efficiency code, water harvesting and focus on sustainable development with an eye for minimum carbon emission. Indira Gandhi International Airport Delhis IGI airport was modernised, upgraded and expanded to handle the larger volume of passenger traffic envisaged during the Commonwealth Games 2010. Passenger and baggage handling facilities were upgraded. It is fitted with the highly-sophisticated Instruments Landing System (ILS) on both sides, and is built to the highest Code F standards

Impact of CWG 2010 on the image of Delhi

Delays The organisation of CWG 2010 was beset by delays: in January 2010, the Indian Olympic Association vice-chairman Raja Randhir Singh expressed concern that Delhi was not up to speed in forming and organizing its Games committee and following a 2009 Indian Government report showing two thirds of venues were behind schedule, Commonwealth Games Federation president Mike Fennell stated that the slow progress of preparations represented a serious risk to the event. In spite of delays and the corruption cases levied on the organisers, commentators stated that they were confident that India will successfully host the Games and do so on time. Corruption Charges Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) accused the Organizing Committee of largescale procedural violations, including corruption, and has noticed mismanagement of funds in 16 CWG projects. The CVC has asked the CBI to register a corruption case.Public Works Department (PWD), Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD), Central Public Works Department (CPWD), Delhi Development Authority (DDA), New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC), a Government of India Enterprise have all been booked for corruption.

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 Environmental Controversies The organisers signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the United Nations Environment Programme to show the intention to host a "sustainable Games" and to take the environment into consideration when constructing and renovating venues. Thyagaraj Stadium is intended to be a key example of environmentally considered construction. In opposition to this intention, a number of environmental controversies arose and the adverse ecological impacts of various aspects of the Games have been protested by city residents. City residents filed a public interest petition to the Supreme Court of India against the felling of 'heritage' trees in the Siri Fort area to make way for Games facilities. The court appointed architect Charles Correa to assess the impact and he severely criticised the designs on ecological grounds. In spite of this, in April 2009 the Supreme Court allowed the construction on the grounds that "much time had been lost" and "the damage already caused to the environment could not be undone". The Commonwealth Games village, located on the flood plains of the Yamuna, has also been the subject of controversies about the flouting of ecological norms. After a prolonged legal battle between city residents and the state, construction was permitted to continue on the basis of an order of the Supreme Court of India in July Social Controversies Large-scale construction and "beautification" projects have resulted in the demolition of hundreds of homes and the displacement of city dwellersat least 100,000 of New Delhis 160,000 homeless people have removed from shelters, some of which have been demolished. Bamboo screens have been erected around city slums to separate visitors from the sights of the slums, a practice which human rights campaigners have deemed dishonest and immoral.

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WHAT WERE THE POSITIVE OUTCOMES OF THE GAME?

Improvements in Infrastructure The city saw an improvement and increase of the existing infrastructure. A fourlane flyway, 2.2 km stretch from Lodhi Road to trans-Yamuna, linking the Games Village to the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium has been constructed, reducing the travelling time between the village and the Stadium. In response to concerns over the large number of trains that pass by the Delhi metropolitan region daily, road under-bridges and over-bridges along railway lines have been constructed. Flyovers, cloverleaf flyovers, and bridges have been built to expand road infrastructure. To support its commitment to mass transport, nine corridors were identified and are being constructed as High Capacity Bus Systems. Additionally, the Delhi Metro was expanded to accommodate more people and boost the use of public transport during and after the 2010 Games. Indira Gandhi International Airport has been modernised, expanded, and upgraded. Costing nearly $1.95 billion, Terminal 3 has improved airport passenger capacity to more than 37 million passengers a year by 2010.The airport is to be connected to the city via a six-lane expressway (DelhiGurgaon Expressway) and the $580 million Delhi Airport Metro Express line. Training the Workforce as part of the preparation for the expected influx of English-speaking tourists for the Games, the Delhi government implemented a program to teach English, and the necessary skills for serving tourists, to key workerssuch as cab drivers, security workers, waiters, porters, and service staff. In the two years prior to the Games 2,000 drivers were taught English. In addition to Delhi, the Indian Government plans to expand the program to teach people in local tourist destinations in other parts of India.

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 Improvement of Sports Infrastrucutre 12 competition venues and 20 training venues were constructed and used in the Games. The Commonwealth Games Village located along the east bank of the River Yamuna, in proximity to competition and training venues as well as city landmarks, spread over an area of 63.5 hectares (157 acres) was built. Comprising five main zonesthe Residential Zone, the International Zone, the Training Area, the Main Dining and the Operational Zonethe Games Village, which is a nonsmoking zone, is universally accessible particularly to accommodate para-sport athletes. As can be seen, the Games have had their share of controversies but have also resulted in tangible development of the city.

PERFORMANCE OF INDIAN PLAYERS

Indias performance in the games was remarkable and considered a milestone in the history of Indian Games. It was the first time for India in Commonwealth Games that Indian Athletes brought highest number of Gold medals ever in any Commonwealth Games. Some 5000 Athletes from 71 countries had sportingly competed for 826 medals of which Indian won 101, including 38 Gold, its highest ever, to be the second in tally behind Australia with a total of 177. We also brought home 27 silver & 36 Bronze medals. Overall previous records of Commonwealth Games been broken by our players themselves by bringing home such a record number of medals.

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However , big names like Caster Semenya (reigning 800-metre world champion), Usain Bolt (Olympic 100m and 200m champion), Chris Hoy (four-time Olympic track cycling champion), Shelly-Ann Fraser (Olympic 100m champion), Lleyton Hewitt (former Wimbledon champion) did not mark their presence in this event. Experts also said that countries like Australia and England did not send their best athletes or teams (in team events) for participation in, to Delhi.

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Conclusion
International sports competitions have become branding events for rising powers like China, Brazil, South Africa and India that are muscling into the top tiers of the global economic order. Staging an athletic event is a tool for instilling national pride and for testing the ability of a government to manage a huge, complicated undertaking as the world watches. But predicting what lessons will be drawn from the success or failure of an event is tricky at best. But an international event like CWG should be viewed from a non commercial perspective Globally, the big picture shows India as a major success story. In fact, it is largely a story of private sector success and government failure. Many Indian companies have emerged as world class, but government services and corporations have, with some honourable exceptions, remained ridden with waste, corruption and callous inefficiency. The Commonwealth Games accurately mirror this reality: they too represent a mix of private sector success and government failure.

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GLOSSARY
EAD = Elite Athletes with Disability IBC = International Broadcasting Centre MPC = Main Press Centre OC = Organizing Committee CGF = Commonwealth Games Federation IOA = Indian Olympic Association CGA = Commonwealth Games Associations

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REFERENCES
i. ii. iii. iv. www.hic-sarp.org http://yas.nic.in http://ssaaseminar2011.files.wordpress.com http://ccs.in

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