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Survey Analysis

VILLAGERS PERCEPTION REGARDING MOBILE SERVICES

1.

Are you aware of following communication channels?

40 35 30 Count 25 20 15 10 5 0 To large Extent 28 35 38 8 32 To Some Extent 12 7 7 22 6 Undecide d 2 1 0 3 2 A Little Extent 6 4 3 7 7 Very Little extent 2 3 2 10 3

Radio Tv Newspaper Computer(Internet) Mobile

Chart : Shows villagers awareness of communication channels of Rameshwar village, Latur(Tq), Latur(Dt), Marathwada(R).

The above Bar chart shows that most of the villagers are aware of the communication channels to a large extent. Villagers are less aware of internet as compared to other communication channels.

2.

To what extent the following basic necessities are available in your village?

25 20 15 10 5 0 Electricity Road Water Supply Schools Hospital Kirana Stores Transports

To large Extent To Some Extent Undecided A Little Extent Very Little extent

Chart : Shows basic necessities available to villagers of Rameshwar village, Latur(Tq), Latur(Dt), Marathwada(R). To large Extent 12 9 23 8 11 15 12 To Some Extent 9 11 10 9 7 12 13 A Little Extent 16 20 9 16 10 20 8 Very Little extent 12 8 8 12 18 2 11

Undecided 1 2 0 5 4 1 6

Electricity Road Water Supply Schools Hospital Kirana Stores Transports

Table: Shows basic necessities available to villagers of Rameshwar village, Latur(Tq), Latur(Dt), Marathwada(R). The chart shows the extent to which they have basic necessities available in a village. Villagers are still facing more problems of Electricity, road, hospitals, schools. 3.

Describe your comfortable level while using the following communication

channels?

120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Extremely comfortab le 18 3 35 32 26 Somewhat comfortab le 11 13 5 6 11 Somewhat Uncomfor table 12 8 5 7 9 Extremely Uncomfor table 8 22 5 3 3

Neutral 1 4 0 2 1

Mobile Computer(Internet) Newspaper Tv Radio

Chart : shows comfort level of villagers while using communication channels of Rameshwar village, Latur(Tq), Latur(Dt), Marathwada(R).

The above chart shows that still villagers are less comfortable with new technologies such as mobile and internet. It is necessary to increase their comfort level by making them aware and giving them training.

4.

What are the motivational factors encouraging villagers to prefer a particular communication channel?
40 35 30

Chart:

shows motivational factors encouraging villagers in prefering

particular communication channel of Rameshwar village, Latur(Tq), Latur(Dt), Marathwada(R). To large Extent 34 27 16 6 13 37 To Some A Little Very Little Extent Undecided Extent extent 9 0 6 1 6 8 9 16 5 2 3 3 2 0 12 15 12 14 6 3 8 20 5 2

Factors Cost Effective Communication Source of information Education Entertainment Ease of Availability

Table : shows motivational factors encouraging villagers in prefering particular communication channel of Rameshwar village, Latur(Tq), Latur(Dt), Marathwada(R). From the above chart it can be easily said that motivational factors encouraging villagers to prefer a particular communication channel are cost and ease of availability to a large extent.

5.

Occupation wise which class uses more mobile phones?

20 15 10 5 0 Student Farmer Service(Doctor,Tea cher,Postman)

Chart: shows use of mobile phones occupation wise of Rameshwar village, Latur(Tq), Latur(Dt), Marathwada(R). Service(Doctor, Teacher, Postman) 13 2 6 4 2 3 4

Farmer Communication Entertainment Education Health Information Market Information News Games 20 5 7 3 14 7 8

Student 6 8 3 0 0 2 8

Table: shows use of mobile phones occupation wise of Rameshwar village, Latur(Tq), Latur(Dt), Marathwada(R). The chart shows use of mobile phones occupation wise. It is easy to make out from the chart that occupation plays a major role in deciding use of mobile phones for different purposes. Famers use more for communication and for getting market information on prices of seeds and crops. Students are more interested in games & entertainment available on the mobile phones.

6.

Rank and rate the following suggestion which can be helpful to provide efficient services through mobile.
40 35 30 Count 25 20 15 10 5 0 To large Extent To Some Undecided A Little Extent Extent Very Little extent By using effective method of Training/Workshop By Creating awareness among villagers By making convenient accessibility of mobile

Graph : shows various suggestions helpful in providing efficient services through mobile of Kurkhed village, Shegaon(Tq), Buldhana(Dt), Vidarbha(R). To large Extent By Creating awareness among villagers By making convenient accessibility of mobile By using effective method of Training/Workshop 37 6 2 1 4 30 8 5 2 5 35 4 0 10 1 To Some Extent Very Little extent

Undeci ded

A Little Extent

Table:

shows various suggestions helpful in providing efficient services of Kurkhed village, Shegaon(Tq), Buldhana(Dt),

through mobile Vidarbha(R).

To provide efficient services through mobile awareness among villagers and training are utmost important from villagers point of view.

7.

Rank and rate the following dimensions regarding Training on Mobile.

60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Strongly Disagree Disagree Undecided Agree Strongly Agree

Chart : shows dimensions regarding training on mobile of Kurkhed village, Shegaon (Tq), Buldhana (Dt), Vidarbha(R).
Strongly Agree Agree Undecid ed Disagree Strongly Disagree

Enhances Knowledge Provides updated information Improved Life style Provide adequate handling of services on mobile Increases literacy rate increases effectiveness in business due to training

37 26 19 15 12 11

4 7 8 10 14 10

2 2 4 3 5 4

5 8 9 12 10 13

2 7 10 10 9 12

Table: shows dimensions regarding training on mobile of Kurkhed village, Shegaon (Tq), Buldhana (Dt), Vidarbha(R). According to villagers training on mobile will definitely increase their knowledge, provide updated information & improve life style.

8.

Do you get information on?

30 25 20 15 10 5 0 A Little Extent Very Little extent To large Extent To Some Extent Undecided

Chart : shows status of information on agriculture available to famers of Kurkhed village, Shegaon(Tq), Buldhana(Dt), Vidarbha(R). Very Little extent 6 5 8 12 10 17 25 15

Pesticides Crops Seeds Weather Harvesting Loans Vaccination Hygiene

To large Extent 25 29 23 15 10 11 9 3

To Some Extent 7 6 8 8 12 8 5 7

Undecided 2 2 3 2 5 2 1 5

A Little Extent 10 8 8 13 13 12 10 20

Table : shows status of information on agriculture available to famers of Kurkhed village, Shegaon(Tq), Buldhana(Dt), Vidarbha(R). The above chart shows that villagers get more information on pesticides, crops and seeds. They get very less information on hygiene and vaccination. Information on pesticides, crops and seeds are very much required for farming.

NEED FOR A UNIQUE INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA BROADCASTING MECHANISM

1. Multimedia Video CD on: The Animator and Rural Education What is the new National Policy on ICT in Education? What does it seek to do for educating illiterate villagers and children out-of-school? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Arouse and educate everyone to live and work better. Womens education and empowerment. National Literacy Mission to remove illiteracy Non-formal Education for agriculture working children Health, Education and Productivity co-ordination for improving the quality of life 6. Promote science and technology for better future especially by strengthening the poor in thought an action Teaching-Learning techniques: 1. Role play (How to communicate with the supporting author on one hand, and to communicate with the community, VEC(Villagers Education Committee) the villager learners on the other hand, etc) 2. Discussion: questions such as : why is womens education necessary? What is the meaning of womens empowerment? Is the administrative set up of the whole structure of how can it be used by the Animators? Etc. 3. Evolving case-reporting and further discussion points through Animators interaction. 4. Using puppets for awareness building

Local resources for training: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Various groups of villagers (particularly women) Village Education Committee Village Panchayat Functionaries of Development Departments Professionals Natural and status leaders in the community.

2. Multimedia Video CD on : Health 1. Health for all as visualization in National policy on Health i) The NLM objective of literacy leading to the Health for All concept.

(What is the meaning of Health? who is this All? The ways to make it successful with the help of locally available resources. The Animators role as a communicator, coordinator and organizer in the health matters) (Video CD content development) ii) Health problems in the villages, with emphasis on women and child-care: immunization, personal and community hygiene, food supply, nutrition, water supply, sanitation, environment and superstition. Use of tobacco and narcotics. Addiction to drinking, Cancer causing eating-habits. 2. 3. Problem of epidemics; endemic diseases The human body. Its structure and functions.

4. 5.

Personal and social aspects of health. Growing and using health-giving foods. Health Services available in the villages
i) ii) iii)

Primary Health Centre, sub-centers Health Workers: Doctor, ANM, CHGs The Animator as stimulator for the participation of the health personnel in AE activities.

6.

General Health-oriented attitude (Video CD content development) i) ii) Health-consciousness in the family and community Organization involvement. iii) Counteracting superstitions, irrational belief and treatment of mental and physical illness by magic and sorcery. The role of science-consciousness in this effort. of health-oriented programmes with community

3.

Problem of populations-limitation. Population education for villagers, especially women

4.

Physical fitness for the family: Division of labour, good exercise, and relaxation.

Local Resources: 1. 2. 3. Primary Health centers Village Health Worker Village Education Committee

4. 5. 6. 7.

Locally accepted medical professionals Jan Shikshan Nilyam Science teachers from local schools Personnel of khadi & Village industries

3. Multimedia Video CD on : Daily Affairs 1. General alertness and security in day-to-day affairs: i. ii. iii. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Post-office procedures Banks (Saving, loans, other developmental schemes) Co-operative movement (milk, land, house, fertilizers, etc)

Checking weights and measures. Consumer-protection. Daily house-keeping and accounts. Travel and transport (rates, rules, etc) Rationing, Groceries Different types of applications (how to write and send to and through whom, etc.)

Teaching-learning techniques: 1. Visits to the nearby government and other concerned offices. 2. 3. Posters: Safe travel, rationing information, etc. Exhibitions, development) 4. Visits and discussions with government officers, bank managers, etc. discussion informative folders. (Video CD content

Local Resources: 1. 2. Officials, traders, knowledgeable person, etc The village Panchayat

ANNEXURE
RECOMMENDATIONS PUT FORTH BEFORE THE POLICY MAKERS AND REGULATORY AUTHORITIES OF INDIA
Policy thrust - A Rural ICT Education programme should be initiated by the government committed to the following: 1. Develop and sustain a modern information and communication technology to support private sector-driven growth and economic development and to improve the quality of life and reduce the level of poverty significantly. C3 2. 3. 4. Improve access to internet connectivity, and raise the level of mobile and computer usage and literacy. Facilitate the development of a national multimedia super corridor, including provision of appropriate incentives for private sector involvement. Aggressively promote information and communications technology as an instrument of mass education, growth, and rural development. Targets - Rural ICT Education programme should set the following targets: 1. 2. 3. More increase in telephone density to one telephone per 5 people. Make telecommunication accessible to a wider range of Indians, regardless of where they live. Develop a national communications and telecommunication backbone, inducing a national multimedia super corridor. Strategies - Rural ICT Education programme should adopt the following strategies : 1. 2. 3. Use a combination of fiscal and financial incentives to encourage private sector investment in service provision in the industry. C3 Enforce intellectual property rights, and property entrepreneurship, training, and partnerships. Pursue a local content policy in the manufacture of electrical and electronic' equipment and communications and telecommunications equipment, including handsets, accessories, and components.

4.

Facilitate access to special financial support through co-operative banks, SIDBI, IDBI and other institutions, for private sector-driven wireless telephone and internet connectivity development in rural areas.

5. 6.

Foster an enabling environment for developing software and hardware capacity. Provide incentives to develop industrial parks in information communications technology.

CONCLUSIONS
1. The Indian web based distant learning market is slated to grow to Rs. 1,092 crores by 2012. 2. Low mobile penetration and relatively higher IT costs have contributed to a ruralurban divide. 3. The government's focus area should be to shore up IT infrastructure in rural areas, while at the same time bringing service costs down. This will help in the free flow of knowledge from qualified urban academicians to the needy rural knowledge seekers. 4. Future telecom technology options for the Indian Rural Education can be eLearning 2.0 which has the potential to transform the learning environment from the prevalent "instructional" mode to more interactive and participative mode. 5. Resources pointed out that information and communication technology as well as, all that is involved in gathering and processing information using modern communication technologies such as computers, mobiles and other related equipments, generated services that can reach all at reasonable cost and in proper time to the overall benefit of mankind. 6. The training of rural youth in the schools is aimed at equipping them with useful skills and at improving the knowledge in their desired areas of study. To facilitate effective training of the rural youth in acquiring knowledge and skills, it should be the desire of the government to integrate ICT in the rural education systems.

Photos of Field Visit

Post Man from Rameshwar Village Marathwada Region, Maharashtra

Children guiding their parents on mobile at Rameshwar village

A small child from Rameshwar Village, Latur District, Marathwada Region, Maharashtra explaining how to mobile phone

A villager using mobile phone to get market prices of the crops from Rameshwar Village, Latur District, Marathwada Region, Maharashtra explaining how to mobile phone

Photos of Field Visit

Students of Kurkhed village, SheagaonTaluka, Buldhana District, Vidarbha Region learning through mobile

Villagers Showing Keen Interest in m learning in Kurkhed Village, Buldhana District

Researchers at a field visit in Rameshwar Village, Latur district

E Learning through mobile at Rameshwar village, Latur District, Marathwada Region

Children getting basic Education through mobile at Kurkhed village, Sheagon-Taluka, Buldhana District

Farmer using mobile phone at Rameshwar Village, Latur District

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